商务合同的翻译教程
常见国际商务合同的翻译技巧handout
常见国际商务合同的翻译技巧handout一、合同翻译的准则1. 准确严谨Licensee will furnish to Party A copies of insurance policies and/or the endorsements.2. 规范通顺Expressiveness and Smoothness兹经买卖双方同意按下列规定的条款出售和购买此货。
二、句子翻译技巧1.主语的转换1）主语转换为谓语Delivery must be effected within the time stated on the purchase order, otherwise the Buyer must at its opinion cancel the order without cost to him, and charge the Seller for any loss incurred as the res ult of the latter’s failure to make such a delivery.Payment shall be made by net cash against sight draft with Bill of Lading attached showing the shipment of the goods. Such payment shall be made through the Bank of China, Dalian Branch. The Bill of Lading shall not be delivered to the Buyer until such draft is paid.Partial shipments shall be allowed upon presentation of the clean set of shipping document.2）主语转化为宾语Should all or part of the Contract and its appendices be unable to be fulfilled owing to the fault of one party, the breaching party shall bear the responsibilities thus caused.If any terms and conditions of this Contract are breached and the breach is not corrected by the breaching party within 30 days after a written notice thereof is given by the other party, then thenonbreaching party shall have the option to terminate this Contract by giving a written notice thereof to the breaching party.3）主语转为定语Each party is liable for the Joint Venture Company only up to the limit of the capital subscribed by it.2. 宾语的转换1）宾语转为主语The Seller shall deliver the Equipment and Materials in accordance with the Contract from the 19 (nineteenth) month to the 27 (twenty-seventy) month from the date of signing the Contract in 4 (four) lots.Party A shall send twice its technical personnel to Party B’s factory for training, and the total number of the participants shall not exceed 200 (excluding the interpreter).2）宾语转换为谓语The Licensor will, at its own cost, take such actions to eliminate infringement of the Licensed Patents as may be reasonably necessary and proper in its own opinion.The Seller shall make delivery of the goods strictly within the period stipulated herein. In the event of delay in delivery, the Buyer may cancel the Contract and claim damages for breach of the Contract.3. 表语的转换1）Agent oriented toward a single geographic market searching for products to import and market in the home Country is an import agent.The date of registration of the Joint Venture Company shall be the date of the establishment of the board of directors of the Joint V enture Company.2）表语转为谓语In the course of arbitration, the Contract shall be continuously executed by both parties except the part of the Contract which is under arbitration.Whereas Party B is in the real estate business, and the two Parties are in consideration of the mutual convenances and agrees to enter into this Contract under the terms and conditions set forth as follows:4. 定语的转换1）定语转为谓语The sample of the machine submitted by the Seller is featured by novel shape, easy operation, high calorific efficiency and low fuel consumption.We look forward to an ever increasing volume of business with your glass factories.We claim from shortage in weight and low quality on the consignment of w heat shipped per s.s. “Princess Victoria”.2）定语转为状语Any disputes arising from the execution of, or in connection with the Contract shall be settled through friendly consultations between both Parties. In case no settlement can be reached through consultations, the disputes shall be submitted for arbitration.The Joint Venture’s products to be sold in China may be handled by the Chinese Materials and Commercial Departments by means of agency or exclusive sales, or direct sale by the Joint Venture Company.5. 状语的转换1）状语转化为主语The conditions for establishment of the Joint Venture Company and the total amount of investment and registeredcapital are stipulated in this Contract.For the purpose of this Contract, the Party B desires to introduce the Patent and engage in production cooperation in accordance with the technical know-how specified in the Patent.The products fair will be held at the Standard Electrical Co., Madrid, Spain with the Buyer’s representatives.2）状语转化为汉语的定语In this Contract, the Packing Clause stipulates for one gross to the polythene bag, covered with paper box, 50 paper boxes to an inner carton, 2 inner cartons to a wooden case.三、被动语态的翻译1.被动语态的转换翻译1）动作的发出者转化为汉语主语This Contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller, whereby the Buyer agrees to buy and Seller agrees to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below.If any terms and conditions to this Contract are breached and the breach is not corrected by any party within 15 days after a written notice thereof is given by the other party, then the non-breaching party shall have the option to terminate this Contract by giving a written notice thereof to the breaching party.All the payments shall be made in the U.S. Currency by the Buyer to the Seller by telegraphic transfer to the Seller’s designated account with the Bank of China, Beijing, China.2) 英语句中的某一状语转换为主语The cost of the nonreturnable containers of the goods sold under this Contract is included in the prices herein specified.The production design, technology of manufacturing, means of testing materials prescription, standard of quality and trainingof personnel shall stipulated in Chapter 4 in this contract.The establishment, remuneration and the expenses of the staff of the preparation and construction office, when agreed by both parties, shall be covered in the project budget.3）把英语句子中的主语转化为宾语In case the quality, quantity or weight of the goods is found not in conformity to those stipulated in this Contract after reinspection by the China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Bureau within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyer shall return the goods to, or lodge claim against the Seller for compensation of losses upon the strength of Inspection Certificate issued by the said Bureau, with the exception of those claims for which the insurers or the carriers are liable.Upon the expiration of the duration or termination before the date of expiration of the Joint Venture, liquidation shall be carried out according to relevant law. The liquidated assets shall be distributed in accordance with the proportion of investment contributed by Party A and Party B.2. 被动语态的顺序1)按原句语序译成汉语主动语态The Seller shall not be held responsible for late delivery or non-delivery of the goods owing to generally recognized Force Majeure causes.The Seller shall be entitled to terminate this Contract in the event of failure by the Buyer to comply with any terms or conditions stated in this Article.2）按原句语序译成汉语被动语态The term for the technology transfer agreement is signed by Joint Company and Party B and it shall be approved by theapproval authority.All the equipment and materials supplied by the Seller shall be inspected by the Buyer and the quality certificates and inspection and test records shall be issued by the manufacturer.3）it is +p.p.It is mutually agreed that the certificate of quality and quantity or weight issued by themanufacturer shall be part of the document for payment with the adopted Letter of Credit.It is essentially stressed that the Buyers are requested to sign and return the duplicate of this Contract within 3 days from the date of receipt. In the event of failure to do this , the Sellers reserve the right to cancel the Contract.It is strictly understood that the number of employees to be trained by the Contractor at any one time shall no more than (…)四、从句的翻译1. 状语从句的翻译1）条件状语从句的翻译If 若，如果If the Force Majeure event lasts over 40 days, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract or the undelivered part of the Contract.If any change is required regarding the terms and conditions to this Agreement, then both parties shall negotiate in order to find a suitable solution, provided however, that any change to this Agreement shall be subject to the approval by the Chinese Government.Claims, if any, shall be submitted by Telex within fourteen days after the arrival of the goods at destination.Contingent shares, if any, to be issued hereunder shall bedetermined on the basis of the after-tax consolidated earning of Seller.Said amount shall be reduced by the sum of the difference, if any, between the inventory value of small equipment and the closing inventory value thereof.In case 如，若In case the Buyer fail to carry out any of the terms or conditions to this Contract with the Seller, the Seller shall have the right to terminate all or any part of this Contract with the Buyer or postpone shipment or stop any goods in transit and the Buyer shall in every such case be liable to the Seller for all losses, damages and expenses thereby incurred.In case of any divergence of interpretation, the Chinese text shall prevail.In case of quality discrepancy, claims shall be filed by the Buyer within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination.In the event that 若，如果，假如In the event that deficiencies in the Equipment become evident, such deficiencies shall be corrected by ABC during the two days per week during which the Purchaser will not be testing.In the event that the Documents supplied by Party B are not in conformity with the stipulations in Sections 8.2, Party B shall, within the shortest possible time but not later than 30 days after the receipt of the Party A’s written notice, dispatch free of charge to Party A the missing or the correct and legible Documents.In the event of graft or serious dereliction of duty on the part of the general manager and/or deputy general managers, the Board of Directors shall have the power to dismiss them at will.should+subj.+verb.Should any of the stipulations to the Contract be altered, amended, supplemented or deleted, the same shall be negotiated between and agreed upon by both parties and written documents shall be signed by the representatives of both parties.Should the effect of Force Majeure continue more than one hundred and twenty (120) consecutive days, both parties shall settle the further execution of the Contract through friendly negotiations as soon as possible.Unless=if not, except if or except whenUnless expressly agreed to, the port of shipment is at the Seller’s option.Unless otherwise stated thereafter, the accounting principles employed shall be the same as those applied in the proceeding years.Neither Party shall have the right to represent the other party unless otherwise arranged. Provided that…No salary shall be paid and charged against the operating expenses, provided that the commission or brokerage of the Second Party shall be paid and charged as a part of the operating expenses.Provided that Party B desires to continue leasing the flat, Party B shall notify Party A in writing tow months in advance of expiry of the leased and a new contact shall be signed.All disputes in connection with or in the execution of this Contract shall be settled through friendly negotiation. Where no settlement can be reached, the disputes shall be submitted for arbitration.When one party to the Joint Venture Company assigns all orpart of his investment, the other party has preemptive right.2）. 时间状语从句的翻译。
商务合同英语翻译方法
商务合同英语翻译方法商务合同属于法律性公文，所以英译时，有些词语要用公文语词语、特别是酌情使用英语惯用的一套公文语副词，就会起到使译文结构严谨、逻辑严密、言简意赅的作用。
一.公文副詞但是从一些合同的英文译本中发现，这种公文语副同常被普通词语所代替，从而影响到译文的质量。
实际上，这种公文语惯用副同为数并不多，而已构词简单易记。
常用的这类副词是由here、there、where 等副词分别加上after、by、in、of、on、to、under、upon、with 等副词，构成一体化形式的公文语副词。
例如：从此以后、今后：hereafter；此后、以后：thereafter；在其上：thereon hereupon；在其下：thereunder；对于这个：hereto；对于那个：whereto；在上文：hereinabovehereinbefore；在下文：hereinafterhereinbelow；在上文中、在上一部分中：thereinbefore；在下文中、在下一部分中：thereinafter．现用两个实例，说明在英译合同中如何酌情使用上述副词。
例1：本合同自买方和建造方签署之日生效。
This Contract shall come into force from the date of execution hereof by the Buyer and the Builder. 例2：下述签署人同意在中国制造新产品，其品牌以此为合适。
The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China.二、谨慎选用极易混淆的词语英译商务合同时，常常由于选同不当而寻致词不达意或者意思模棱两可，有时甚至表达的是完全不同的含义。
因此了解与掌握极易混淆的词语的区别是极为重要的，是提高英译质量的关键因素之一，现把常用且易混淆的七对词语，用典型实例论述如下。
商务英语合同翻译(英译汉)技巧和注意事项公开课一等奖市赛课获奖课件可编辑全文
根据下列所订条款
unless otherwise stipulated in…
除非在……另有要求
情态动词 Modal Verbs
❖ Shall：表达强制约束，译为“应”、“应该”、“必须”； ❖ Will：语气较弱，译为“将”、“原”、“要”； ❖ Should：表达假设，语气较强，译为“若、假如、万
Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the People’s Court having jurisdiction (管辖权) on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause (仲裁条款)
一、商务英语旳特点、商务 翻译旳原则和要求 二、专业词义、增益、简洁、 词类转换、引申
至此；对于这个 在下面(标题或短语下)
随此（信函） 在此之前 此文之前
Archaic adverbs
Chinese
thereinafter thereinbefore thereinunder thereof theretobefore therewith thereto whereby
wherein
in the disputed contractor in default of agreement reached after
such dispute occurs.
❖ 双方首先应经过友好协商，处理因协议而发生旳或与协议有 关旳争议。假如协商未果，协议中又无仲裁条款约定或争议 发生后未就仲裁达成一致旳，可将争议提交有管辖权旳人民 法院处理。
Engineering Projects ⑥ 涉外劳务协议 Contract for foreign labor services ⑦ 其他：租赁协议、保险协议等
商务英语合同的翻译技巧
商务英语合同的翻译技巧通读合同全文并研究其结构，做到全面理解合同、掌握内涵并从宏观上了解待译合同原文的总体精神和篇章结构。
在通读合同全文的基础上仔细研读该合同的各个条款。
合同各章节条款具有相对的独立性，可逐字、逐句、逐段、逐节、逐章地仔细研讨，分析各个条款的语法结构，找出其中的理解与翻译难点，在翻译时，一定要首先理顺句子之间的逻辑结构，注意行文的条理性及严谨性。
着手翻译：依据语法分析译文的结构，查阅并译出其中的翻译难点。
组织译文并准确表达：把结构已经确定下来、翻译难点已经解决的译文加以整理，并依据目的语的表述习惯安排该条款译文的排列顺序。
在准确表达的前提下，力求使译文的格式和文体符合合同的规范和要求。
注意事项译英时，必须要使用一些有关的专业术语、商贸与法律术语、古英语词汇等，多用文体正式庄严的词汇，尽量多使用常见的合同套语和上文罗列的合同的、英语句型，这样才干使译文达到用语规范，表述严谨、准确、简洁的庄严体效果。
要做到译文严谨、规范、专业，译员还应当遵循"客随主便'的愿则，翻译时尽可能保留原谅的结构表述，保留原谅的整体格式。
2合同怎么翻译最成功我们在与翻译公司人员〔沟通〕的时候,往往会忽略很多本来应该注意的问题,如图片中的翻译流程中,其实我们要注意的环节很多。
特别是彼此应尽的责任和义务,尤其是针对一些重要保密文件翻译中的问题,为此捷优翻译为你准备了一些你在翻译中要注意的事项。
希望对你与翻译公司沟通中有所帮助。
一般翻译公司不会都会尽职尽责为客户服务的,但防范于未然也是不错的选择。
翻译责任要明确翻译公司应在您要求的时间内完成翻译,并将尽可能坚持原稿的格式、用语、语法和语法等,但关于原稿中出现的显然的或常识性的格式、用语、逻辑和语法方面的错误,则将依据实际状况尽可能给予修正。
您在接到稿件后,交付剩余的翻译费用并完成余下的合作事宜;对译稿有异议,请在收到译文后尽快以书面形式提出,否则翻译公司可能视为自动放弃修改。
商务英语合同翻译技巧总结
商务英语合同翻译技巧总结1. 双方基本信息：- Contract title: 商务英语合同翻译技巧总结- Parties involved: [Name of Party A] and [Name of Party B]- Address: [Party A’s Address], [Party B’s Address]- Contact person: [Name of Party A’s Contact Person], [Name of Party B’s Contact Person]- Telephone: [Party A’s Telephone Number], [Party B’s Telephone Number]- Email: [Party A’s Email Address], [Party B’s Email Address]2. 身份、权利、义务、履行方式、期限、违约责任：Party A:- Identity: [Party A’s Legal Name]- Rights: [Party A’s Rights under the Contract]- Obligat ions: [Party A’s Obligations under the Contract]- Performance: [Party A’s Performance Obligations under the Contract]- Timeframe: [Party A’s Timeframe for Performance]- Breach: [Party A’s Penalties for Breach]Party B:- Identity: [Party B’s Legal Name]- R ights: [Party B’s Rights under the Contract]- Obligations: [Party B’s Obligations under the Contract]- Performance: [Party B’s Performance Obligations underthe Contract]- Timeframe: [Party B’s Timeframe for Performance]- Breach: [Party B’s Penalties for B reach]3. 遵守中国相关法律法规：Both parties shall comply with the applicable laws and regulations of the People's Republic of China.4. 明确各方权利义务：- Party A has the right to [insert rights], and is responsible for [insert obligations].- Party B has the right to [insert rights], and is responsible for [insert obligations].5. 明确法律效力和可执行性：- This contract is legally binding and enforceable in accordance with the laws of the People's Republic of China.- Any disputes arising from this contract will be settled through [insert dispute resolution method].6. 其他：- This contract shall be in writing and signed by both parties.- Any amendments to this contract shall be made in writing and signed by both parties.- This contract is effective as of [insert effective date] and shall remain in effect until [insert end date or termination clause].以上是商务英语合同翻译技巧总结的一些基本内容，具体内容应根据实际情况而定并符合法律要求。
商务合同翻译精讲
in boxes of a dozen each, 100 boxes to a wooden case
4
3)Time of shipment: in OCT.12th w/t at Hongkong before the end of OCT. 4)Port of loading, port of destination: 5)Terms of Payment: by sight L/C , the L/C must reach the sellers before May 1st. by D/P , by D/A 6)Insurance: to be covered by the sellers for 110% of the invoice value against all risks as per CIC dated January 1, 1981.
18
• More formal words in the contract :
– in accordance with – otherwise – provided that – be deemed to – In accordance with the date of shipment
19
• Indemnity n.
17
• Compare the following two kinds of words and expressions
– – – – – – Terminate, stop commence, begin be deemed to, be regarded as in lieu of, in place of prior to, before whatsoever, whatever
商务合同翻译技巧
•
hereby(特此，兹)，hereinafter(在下文中)，thereto(另外，
随附)，thereof(其中，它的)，whereas(鉴于)，
whereby(凭借)，whereupon(因此，于是)。
III.多用"shall"代替"will"或"should" • shall表示法律上需要强制执行的义务，有“应 该”、“必须”的意思。“will”在合同中虽也用 作表示承担义务，但语气比“shall”弱。在合同 中“should”通常只用来表示语气较强的假设 “万一”，这是英语合同用词与基础英语用词的 不同之处。 • 例如:1.This Contract shall become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed.“本合同签字生效。” •
常用条件句
• 合同为表达可能发生的各种情况、设想，以及相 关的处理方法，条款中条件句较多，尤其是在有 关付款、违约责任、不可抗力、财产处理和仲裁 等几部分中。这种结构虽然拖沓冗长，但表意精 确，避免了产生歧义的情形。常见表达有： • in the event that, in case表达“如果、假若” ，should 表达希望某事不太可能发生等。例如 ：（1）In case the Import License is required, the buyer should settle the problem before placing the order.“若需要进 口许可证，买方应在订货前办妥。”
• 英语商务合同中常用的术语有：Force Majeure( 不可抗力)，defect（瑕疵）， jurisdiction（管 辖），draft at sight（即期汇票），letter of credit(信用证)，bill of lading（提单）， documents against acceptance(承兑交单)， bill of exchange(汇票)，firm offer（实盘）， technology transfer（技术转让）等等，这些专 业术语语义精炼，表义准确，正式、规范、严谨 ，符合合同正规、严肃的文体特征。
商务合同翻译技巧讲座
结语
1. 国际 商务 合同 的 特点
使用古英语 Hereafter: in this document and after this point Hereby: in this way or by this letter 此后 Thereby: by that 按此, 借此, 从而, 由此 Therefrom: from that 从那以后
国际商务知识： 2.1 国际商务知识：
2. 合同 翻译 应具 备的 知识
经济学
管理学 国际商务知识
国际商法
商务惯例 Follow the usual procedure: e.g. immediate shipment
2.2 深厚的语言技能： 深厚的语言技能：
2. 合同 翻译 应具 备的 知识
合同是两个或两个以上的当事人之 间为实现一定的目的， 间为实现一定的目的，通过谈判明 确彼此权利和义务而产生的协议。 确彼此权利和义务而产生的协议。 谈判的过程是各方妥协的过程， 谈判的过程是各方妥协的过程，通 过谈判， 过谈判，各方都或多或少会放弃部 分利益以求得商务合作的进展。因 分利益以求得商务合作的进展。 此合同翻译之前通常有一个艰苦的 谈判过程。 谈判过程。谈判时对语言技能要求 较高。 较高。
国际商务合同翻译技巧
刘
2010年12月 2010年12月2日
俊
国际商务合同的特点 合同翻译应具备的知识
讲座 大纲
商务合同翻译实战技巧
1.1词汇特点 1. 国际 商务 合同 的 特点
惯用术语和缩写： 惯用术语和缩写： Letter of Credit Insurance Policy C.A.D. C.B.D. D.D. T.T.
1. 国际 商务 合同 的 特点