(英语)英语定语从句专项习题及答案解析

(英语)英语定语从句专项习题及答案解析
(英语)英语定语从句专项习题及答案解析

(英语)英语定语从句专项习题及答案解析

一、定语从句

1.Teenagers like reading the books ________ are written by Guo Jingming.

A.who B.what C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢读郭敬明写的书。who先行词是人; what 不能引导定语从句;whose 先行词是人或物,作定语; that先行词是人或物。此句先行词books表示物,关系代词该用that,所以选D。

2.—What kind of movies do you prefer?

—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.

A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词用that或which,排除C,D;定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故答案为A。

3.The boys ____________ from America like China

A.who is B.are C.which is D.who are

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构,可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语,先行词the boys是人,不可用which(用于先行词是物时),需用who引导;the boys是复数人称,系词需用are;根据句意结构,可知选D。

4.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____are built close to

each other.

A.who B.that C.what D.They

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句中先行词为small houses,在定语从句中作主语,故用关系代词that。句意:

老镇有狭窄的街道,小房子建得彼此相靠近。

考点:考查定语从句的用法

5.One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).

A.which B.who C.how D.what

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代物;B. who关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代人;C. how关系副词;D. what不能引导定语从句。根据One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).可知,先行词one指代人,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语,结合选项可知B选项符合题意,故答案选B。

6.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.

A.which B.what C.whose D.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这是那本母亲给我作为生日礼物的字典。这里是定语从句,先行词是为物时用which;what不能引导定语从句;先行词指人时用who;当先行词为物主代词时用whose。本题先行词为dictionary,字典是物,所以用关系词which。故选A。

7.Shirley is the girl ______ taught me how to use Wechat(微信).

A.whom B.which C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:雪莉是教会我如何使用微信的一个女孩。whom修饰人,在定语从句中作宾语或表语;which修饰事物,在定语从句中主语或宾语,或表语。who修饰人,在定语从句作主语,宾语或表语。此处作为定语从句的主语,修饰the girl,故用who。故选C。

8.–– What are you looking for?

––I’m looking for the book _______ you bought last Sunday.

A.who B.when C.that

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:——你正在寻找什么?——我正在寻找上周日你买的那本书。who引导定语从句,修饰人,作定语从句的主语或宾语;when引导定语从句,作状语;that引导定语从句,修饰事物或人,作主语或宾语。此处修饰的先行词the book是事物,作定语从句谓语bought的

宾语,故用that引导定语从句,故选C。

9.Jack likes being with the classmates ________ are outgoing and kind.

A.where B.which C.when D.who

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:杰克喜欢和性格开朗、和蔼可亲的同学在一起。A. where在哪;B. which哪个;C. when何时;D. who谁。这里是定语从句,先行词是the classmates是名词,表示人,关系词用who。根据题意,故选D。

10.Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience

people cannot get at home.

A.that B.who C.whom D.what

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果剧院可以提供人们在家无法获得的电影经历,它们会有一个光明的未来。此处修饰先行词experience的定语从句,并且作为动词get的宾语,故此处用关系代词that,故选A。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

11.Sweet wormwood(青蒿)is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman

_________used the special power of the plant to save __________lives.

A.which, millions of B.who, millions of

C.whose, million of D.who, million of

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:青蒿是中国常见的一种植物,而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人,关系词在定语从句中做主语,可知使用关系代词who;短语millions of:数以百万的;故选B。

12.—Frank, look! Who are the children under the tree ___ waiting in a line?

—They are the students from No. 1 Primary School.

A.that are B.where are C.which is D.who is

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——弗兰克,你看!那些在树下排队的孩子是谁?——他们是来自第一小学的学生。

考查定语从句。根据句意:﹣弗兰克,你看!树下排队的孩子们是谁?﹣他们是来第一小学的学生.可知先行词是children,指人,作主语,故选代词用who/that;children是复数,系词用are,故选A。

13.A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A.whom B.whose C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:真正的朋友是一个帮助你并且让你感动的人。考查定语从句的关系词。本句中先行词 person为定语从句的逻辑主语,且指人,所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that或者who;结合句意和选项可知选C。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,当先行词是人时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或who,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或whom,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词whom。例如,(1) The girl who is singing an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. (2)The person that/whom you talked to just now is Tom’s father.=The person to whom you talked just now is Tom’s father.

在定语从句中,当先行词是物时,引导词在定语从句中做主语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词在定语从句中做宾语时,引导定语从句的先行词用that或which,引导词前面有介词时,必须用介词which。例如,He was reading a book which/that was about war. 他正在读一本关于战争的书。

在定语从句中,当先行词和后面的名词是所属关系时,用whose引导此定语从句。例如,They lives in a room whose window opens to the south. 他们住在一间窗户朝南开的房间里。

14.—Who was the student ____ was absent yesterday?

—Mary was.

A.that B.who C.whom D.which

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——昨天旷课的那名学生是谁?——是玛丽。that引导此处定语从句,修饰人或事物;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,表语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语。修饰先行词the student,表示人,故排除D项。作定语从句的主语,因为主句是who引导的特殊疑问句,因此句中的定语从句用that引导,故选A。

15.-- Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you.

-- We will. Miss Chen.

A.which

B.whom

C.who

D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:——同学们,你们应该感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。——陈小姐,我们会的。which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语、宾语和表语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语或宾语。whose引导定语从句,修饰人或物,作定语;此处修饰先行词people,表示人,作定语从句的主语,故用who。故选C。

16.(题文)—Do you know about Yuan Longping?

—Only a little. But Chinese people are proud of the man ______ hybrid rice

is famous.

A.who B.which C.that D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意为:---你了解袁隆平吗?---一点点。但是中国人以这位他的杂交水稻闻名于世的人感到自豪。根据语境可知,这里包含一个定语从句,从句的引导词根据先行词而定。who :指人,which:指物, that:可指人或物,whose:指物主。根据语境可知,这里指物主,故应选D。

考点:考查定语从句。

17.The green tea _____ grows in South China is quite popular in China.

A.which B.when C.where

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析:句意:在中国南部生长的绿茶在中国非常受欢迎。which 引导定语从句的关系代词,先行词是物,which在定语从句中做主语或宾语;when关系副词,指时间;where 关系副词,指地点。根据句意可知,这里定语从句的先行词是The green tea,并且定语从句中缺少主语,故应选A。

考点:考查定语从句的关系代词。

18.I hate people talk much but do little.

A.whose B.whom C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我讨厌那些说的多却做的少的人。句中所缺的是定语从句的关系词,先

行词是people,指人,而且关系词在从句中做主语,故选C。whose既指人也指物,在从句中做定语;whom指人,在从句中做宾语;which指物,可做主语和宾语。

考点:考查定语从句

19.The Palace Museum is the best place I’ve ever visited.

A.who B.that C.where D.what

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:故宫博物院是我曾经参观过最好的地方。which, that引导的从句,它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时,用that而不用which。本句中先行词是the best place,此先行词为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,指物,先行词前有最高级修饰,故用that引导此句的定语从句。选B。

考点:考查定语从句。

20.Auld Lang Syne is an Irish folk song reminds us of our old friends and the good old days. A.what B.who C.that D.Whose

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意: Auld Lang Syne是爱尔兰民歌,让我们想起我们的老朋友和过去的好时光。这里是定语从句,这里的先行词是物,在句中做主语,用that来引导;what不能用来引导定语从句。根据题意。故选C。

考点:考查定语从句

21.Whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。

He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。

I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。

22.The rich man is very kind and helpful to the people _________ have difficulties.

A.which B.whom C.who D.what

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:那个富人对有困难的人非常善良,而且爱帮助。which引导定语从句修饰事,作主语或宾语;whom引导定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who引导定语从句修饰人,作主语或宾语;what引导名词性从句,作主语,宾语或表语。此处先行词people,表示人,后面的定语从句中缺少主语,故用who引导。故选C。

23.This photo reminds me the things and persons we met at college.

A.of; that B.about; which

C.to; / D.on; what

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这张相片使我想起了我在大学时遇到过的人和事。前空是固定结构:remind sb. of…使某人想起……;提醒某人……;后面的the things and persons是先行词,后面跟的是定语从句,先行词在定语从句中作宾语,用关系代词,既有人,也有物时,关系词用that。故选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

24.--What do you think of the Sun Island? Is it worth visiting?

--Of course. It’s one of the best places I have ever been to.

A.which B.that C.who

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:你认为Sun Island怎样?它值得参观吗?——当然,它是我去过的最好的地方之一。考察定语从句that的用法。当先行词前边有最高级时,关系词用that。故选B

25.— The TV show Running Man is popular recently.

— Yes. It is the only program ________ I watched this month.

A.who B.when C.where D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:——电视节目《奔跑吧,兄弟》最近非常受欢迎。——是的。它是这个月我唯一看过的节目。修饰先行词program的定语从句中动词watched缺少主语,故用代词that,故选D。

26.–Why are you still here? It’s time to start.

–I’m busy searching the Intern et for the photos of some famous singers ____ I can use in my speech.

A.what B.which C.who D.whom

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:-你为什么还在这儿?时间到了。-我在忙着在网上搜索一些著名歌手的照版,我可以在演讲中使用。空后是一个定语从句,先行词是the photos,指事物,用that、which 引出定语从句。故选B。

27.Do you know the first man _______ is talking to our teacher ?

A.whom B.who C.that D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:你认识和我们老师谈话的第一个人吗?根据语义可知,本句为限制性定语从句。A. whom关系词,谁,宾格;B. who关系词,谁,主格;C. that关系词,指人或物;D. which 关系词,哪一个。本题中the first man为先行词,关系词使用that。在限制性定语从句中, 当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时,只能用that。故选C。

28.-I’ll never fo rget the years I lived on the farm with the farmers.

-It must have a great effect on your life.

A.when B.that C.which D.in which

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:——我永远不会忘记我和农民一起在农场里生活的那些年。——它一定对你的生活有很大的影响。考查定语从句。先行词the years是时间,需用when做引导词。根据句意结构,可知选A。

29.The photos successfully show the rich culture ______makes Shiyan so famous.

A.what B.which C.who D.why

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这些照片成功地展示了使十堰非常出名的丰富文化氛围。A. what不能作为定语从句的连接词;B. which先行词指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;C. who先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语;D. why引导定语从句时,在句中作原因状语。本句先行词是culture,指物,引导定语从句的关联词只能用which,故答案为B。

【点睛】

在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

30.Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place ________ we'll visit next week.

A.that B.who

C.where D.whom

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句考查定语从句,先行词是place,从句意来看,其在定语从句中作visit的宾语,指事物,因此关系词用that。故选A。

考点:考查定语从句。

初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套

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2016-2020高考英语试题分类汇总-定语从句(解析版)

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?定语从句 that的情况: (1)当先行词为anything,everything,nothing 等不定代词时,只能使用“that”。如: Is there anything that I can do for you?我 能为你做点什么吗? (2)当先行词为all,any,much,many等词时, 只能使用“that”。如: Tom told her mother all that had happened. 汤姆把事情的全部情况告诉了他的妈妈。 (3)当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,只能使用“that”。如: This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had.这是我度过的最美好的时光。 (4)当先行词被序数词修饰时,只能使用“that”。如: He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。 (5)当先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时,只能使用“that”。如: This will be the last chance that he can get.这将会是他可以得到的最后一次机会。 He is the only person that can help you out.他是唯一能帮你的人。 (6)先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能使用“that”。如: They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论他们记得 的有关学校的事和人。 (7)当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句或 先行词是who时,只能使用“that”。如: Which is the book that he borrowed from the library yesterday? 哪本书是他昨天从图书馆 借的? 【题组训练】 ( )11.(2014·随州)—What are you looking for? —I’m looking for the book _____ you lent me yesterday. A.what B.who C.when D.不填( )12.(2014·河南)“Underground” is the only word in the English language _____- begins and ends with the letters “und”. A.what B.that C.who D .whom ( )13.(2014·黄石)First Lady Peng Liyuan was watering the flowers ______ were named “Cathy” with Dutch Queen Maxima. A.what B.which C.who D.whose ( )14.(2014·东营)When some Chinese women were dancing to loud music in a park in New York,the people _____ lived nearby called the police. A.who B.whom C.whose D.which ( )15.(2014·黄冈)—In a text message,88 means Bye-bye. —And another example is F2F ______stands for face to face. A.that B.who C.whom D.it 04 整合集训反馈层级化 ( )1.—Do you know if our team _____ the match tonight? —It is hard to say.I will tell you the result if our team____ . A.wins;wins B.will win;will win C.wins;will win D.will win;wins ( )2.—I believe _______ Chinese astronauts will be able to land on the moon one day. —I agree with you.But I’m not sure _______ we can live on it. A.that;if B.that;that C.if;that D.if;if ( )3.—Are you sure _____ Li Ming has flown to London? —Yes.I saw him off at the airport just now. A.that B.if C.whether D.when ( )4.—I’m worried about _____ I can pass the English exam. —Don’t worry.I’m sure _______ you will pass it. A.if;that B.whether;that C.that;if D.that;whether ( )5.—Doctor,could you tell me______ ? —Oh,nothing serious. He just has a cold. He will be fine soon. A.that there was anything wrong with my son B.if there was anything wrong with my son C.that there is anything with my son D.if there is anything wrong with my son ( )6.—Have you decided _____ you’ll go to Hainan? —Not yet. Maybe by plane. A.when B.how C.where D.whether ( )7.—What did Jack ask you about just now?

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