新视野英语教程读写教程B1-U1

UNIT 1 Going to College

TOPIC

Going to College

I LEADING IN

Entering college for the first time is an exciting moment in your life. Think about why you decided to go to college. You may have several reasons. But, whatever the reasons, use your time wisely to work hard，enjoy meeting new people and prepare you for a bright future.

II EXPLORING

Now you are a college student, happy and proud! Sure, in college you’ll have more time to yourself! And sure, you’ll have to decide how to spend your own time and how to make the most of it. Now please discuss the following questions with your partner.

1.What’s your purpose of going to college?

2.What does going to college mean to you?

SECTION A

How to Be Cool at College

I Language Points

1. education

n.[U]the process by which a person's mind and character are developed through teaching, especially through formal instruction at school or college（尤指正规的）教育；培养

[例] higher education高等教育

[例] She has had a good education. 她受过良好的教育。

2. business

n. 1. [U]one's responsibility or concern 职责；关心的事；任务

[例] A student's business is to learn. 学生的本分是学习。

[例] none of your business与你无关

[例] Mind your own business. 不要多管闲事。

2. [U]the activity of buying and selling goods and services; commerce 商业；交易；生意

[例] She wants to go into business when she leaves college. 她大学毕业后想经商。

[例] I'm here on business.（= for work not for pleasure）我是来谈生意的/办事的/出差的。[例] Business is business. 公事就是公事（公事公办）。

3. extent

n.(singular) a stated degree 程度；限度

[例] to some / a certain / a large extent在某种/相当/很大程度上

4. whatever det. & pron.

(1). any(thing) at all that 任何；什么…… 都

[例] They eat whatever (food) they can find. 他们找到什么（吃的）就吃什么。

[例] Do whatever you like. 干你喜欢干的。

(2). no matter what; without considering what 无论什么；不管什么

[例] Whatever happens, keep trying. 无论发生什么，别放弃。

[例] Whatever your reason, I shall hold to my idea.无论你的理由是什么,我都要坚持我的看法。

(3). any (else) like that 什么的

[例] This is true of a doctor, a teacher, a worker, or whatever. 这对医生、老师、工人或其他任何人都一样。

[例] Use telephone, letter, email, or whatever to communicate. 通过电话、信、邮件或其他类似的方式交流。

5 career n.

(1). a job or profession for which one is trained and which one intends to follow for part or the whole of one's life 职业；一生的事业

[例] He has chosen teaching as his life career. 他选择教书作为终生的职业。

[例] He is very career-minded. 他有很强的职业进取心。

(2). (a part of) the general course of a person's working life 生涯；履历

[例] His career is at its peak now. 他现在正处于事业的顶峰。

[例] political career政治生涯

6. goal n.

(1). [C]one's aim or purpose; a position or object one wishes to reach or obtain 目标；目的[例] The major goal of language use is communication. 使用语言的主要目的是交流。

[例] To reach his goal to be a teacher, he began to teach himself. 为了达到成为一名教师的目标，他开始自学。

(2). [C](in games such as football and hockey) the area, usually between two goalposts, where the ball, puck, etc. must go for a point to be gained （足球、曲棍球的）球门

[例] He kicked the ball into the goal. 他把球踢进了球门。

[例] Who is in goal for Real Madrid? 谁是皇家马德里队的守门员？

(3). [C]the point gained when the ball is kicked or hit into the goal 进球得分

[例] score a goal射门得分

[例] an own goal乌龙球

7. graduate

vi. complete an educational course 毕业

[例] When did you graduate? 你什么时候毕业的？

[例] You will graduate after this term. 这学期结束后你就要毕业了。

n. (1). [C]a person who has completed a university degree course, especially for a first degree （已获得学位的）大学毕业生

[例] a law graduate法律（系）毕业生

[例] a graduate in maths 数学（系）毕业生

(2). [C]postgraduate 研究生

[例] graduate school 研究生院

[例] a graduate student 研究生

8. subject

(1). [C]a branch of knowledge studied, especially in a system of education 学科；科目

[例] English was never my best subject. 英语从来都不是我擅长的学科。

[例] History is a subject that she likes best. 历史是她最喜欢的学科。

(2). [C]the thing that is dealt with or represented in a piece of writing, work of art, etc. 主题；题目[例] The subject of her book is sailing. 她那本书的主题是航海。

[例] I read a book on a new subject. 我读了一本书，讲的是一个新的主题。

(3). [C](in grammar) a noun, noun phrase, or pronoun that usually comes before a main verb and represents the person or thing that performs the action of the verb or about which something is stated （文法中的）主语；主词

[例] What is the subject of the sentence "He is a student"?句子"He is a student."中什么是主语？[例] "He" is the subject of the sentence. “He”是该句的主语。

9. opportunity

n. [C; U]a favourable moment or occasion (for doing something) 机会；时机

[例] a good opportunity好机会

[例] May I take this opportunity to thank everyone for his hard work? 请允许我借此机会感谢每一位辛勤工作的人。

10. debt n.

(1). [C]something owed to someone else 债；债务

[例] a debt of $10 十美元的债务

[例] to pay one's debts还（某人的）债

(2). [U]the state of owing; the duty of repaying something 负债的情况；还债的义务

[例] a young man who is always in debt总是负债的年轻人

[例] out of debt还清债务

11. course n.

( 1). [C]a set of lessons or studies 课程

[例] a four-year history course 4年的历史课程

[例] All students are required to take an English course. 所有的学生都必须上英文课。

(2). [C]a continuous movement from one point to another in space or time 过程；进程

[例] in the course of 在…… 期间，在…… 过程中

[例] The enemy should be defeated in the course of the year. 敌人在本年内会被打败。

(3). [C]any of the different parts of a meal 一道菜

[例] We have a three-course dinner: chicken soup, roast beef, and apple pie. 我们这餐吃了3道菜：鸡汤、烤牛肉和苹果派。

12. certificate

n.[C]a document (= official paper) giving a statement made by an official person that a fact or facts are true 证明；证书；文凭

[例] a birth/marriage/death certificate出生/结婚/死亡证明书

[例] a doctor's certificate博士文凭

13. reason n.

(1). [C; U]the cause of an event or situation; a fact, event or statement that provides an explanation or excuse for something 原因；理由；借口

[例] She just suddenly left without giving any reason. 她突然离开，没有说任何理由。

[例] The reason for the flood was all that heavy rain. 这次洪水都是由那场大雨引起的。[例] He escaped the punishment, by reason of his youth. 他因为年轻而免于受罚。

(2). [U]the ability to think, understand, and form opinions or judgments that are based on facts 理性；判断力

[例] People are different from animals because they possess the power of reason. 人不同于一般

动物，因为他们有理性。

(3). [U]a healthy mind that is not mad 理智

[例] lose/regain one's reason失去（恢复）理智

v. (1). use one's reason 推理；思考

[例] the ability to reason思考能力

[例] She can reason very clearly. 她能很清晰地思考问题。

(2). persuade (someone) to do/not to do 说服；劝告

[例] Try to reason him out of that idea. 尽量说服他别打那个主意。

[例] Try to reason him into going with her. 尽力劝说他和她一道走。

14. likely

adj. that can be reasonably expected; probable 看来要发生的，可能的

[例] a likely winner 可能的获胜者

[例] He is likely to arrive a bit late. 他可能会晚到一会儿。

[例] It's likely that they will lose in the match. 他们可能会在比赛中失败。

adv.probably 可能

[例] They'll very likely come by train. 他们很可能乘火车来。

[例] We will most likely go to a bar. 我们很可能去酒吧。

15. cheat

vi. behave in a dishonest or deceitful way in order to win an advantage, especially in a game (尤指在游戏中) 欺骗；作弊

[例] He always cheats at cards. 他玩纸牌时总是作弊。

[例] Don't cheat in exams. 考试时不要作弊。

n.a person who cheats; a dishonest person 骗子

[例] Cheats will be disqualified. 有欺骗行为的人将被取消资格。

[例] I saw you drop that card, you cheat! 我看见你弄掉那张牌了，你这个滑头！

16. understanding n.

(1)[U]knowledge of the nature of something, based especially on learning or experience了解;理解[例] foreign visitors with little understanding of Chinese 不太懂中文的外国游客

[例] I have a little understanding of computers. 我对计算机知之甚少。

(2). [U]ability to know and learn; intelligence理解（能）力

[例] beyond my understanding超越了我的理解力

adj.sympathetic and therefore not often blaming or getting annoyed 能理解的；通情达理的[例] an understanding wife 通情达理的妻子

17. respect vt. feel respect for (especially a person or their qualities) (对某人或其品质表示)尊敬；敬佩；尊重

[例] I deeply respect his decision. 我深深敬佩他的决定。

[例] We all respect her as she is always honest. 我们都很尊重她，因为她很诚实。

n.[U]the feeling that one admires someone or something very much and that they or it should be treated well and honourably 尊敬；敬重

[例] with (the greatest) respect怀着（极大的）尊重

[例] We feel admiration and respect for your good qualities. 我们钦佩并敬重你的品质。

18. truly adv. really 真正地

[例] a truly honest man 一个真正诚实的人

[例] This is a truly beautiful picture. 这是一幅真正美丽的画。

19. have a good/great/wonderful time enjoy oneself 玩得开心

[例] The children had a good time in the park. 孩子们在公园里玩得很开心。

[例] They had a great time at the party last Sunday. 上周日他们在晚会上玩得很开心。[例] I did have a wonderful time last night. 我昨晚的确玩得开心。

20. on the way

moving towards; on the route of a journey 在路上,在旅程的路途中

[例] I met him on the way to town. 我在去小镇的路上遇见他。

[例] Don't lose it on the way home. 回家的路上别丢了。

21. to a large extent

greatly; to a large degree 在很大程度上

[例] I agree with what you say to a large extent. 我很大程度上同意你所说的。

[例] To a large extent you are correct. 很大程度上你是对的。

22. on one's own

alone; without help 独自，靠自己

[例] She lives on her own. 她一个人过。

[例] He finished the job on his own. 他独自一人完成这项工作。

23. decide on/upon

choose (someone, something, or doing something) 决定

[例] Have you decided on where to go? 你决定去哪儿了吗？

[例] We must decide on how to deal with our water problems. 我们必须决定如何解决水问题。

24. even though/if though 即使…… 也；尽管；就算…… 也

[例] Even though/if you don't like wine (= though you may not like wine), try a glass of this. 即使你不喜欢酒，也不妨试一试这种。

[例] Even though she tries to hide her feelings, I can see she's very sad. 即使她努力隐藏自己的感情，我仍看出她很难过。

25. change one's mind change one's opinion 改变主意

[例] I've changed my mind about him. 我改变了对他的看法。

[例] This couldn't change her mind to send her children to school. 这并不能让她改变送孩子们上学的想法。

26. step by step little by little; gradually 一步步地；逐步地；循序渐进地

[例] Learning is done step by step. 学习是一步一步完成的。

[例] She realized step by step that she should leave her home. 她逐步意识到她应该离开家。27. keep up

(1). remain level; remain as high as 保持（…… 水平）

[例] The other firms are selling so well that we have to work very hard to keep up. 其他公司销售很好，所以我们不得不努力跟上。

[例] I had to run to keep up with the other students. 我得跑步才能跟上其他同学。

(2). (cause to) continue (使…… )继续下去

[例] Keep up the good work! 继续好好干下去。

[例] They kept up their conversation till midnight. 他们的谈话继续到深夜。

28. from day one

from the very beginning 一开始；从第一天开始

[例] Children need a firm hand from day one. 对孩子一开始就要严厉。

[例] The teacher told his students to learn as much as possible from day one. 老师告诉他的学生从第一天开始就要努力学习。

29. make the most of something

get as much pleasure, profit, etc. as possible from something 充分利用某事物

[例] When a chance comes to you, make the most of it! 当你有机会时，就好好利用它吧。[例] Try to make the most of the courses you're taking. 尽量充分利用你修读的课程吧。

30. at hand near in time or place 即将到来；在手边；在近处

[例] The great day is at hand. 重大节日即将到来。

[例] Remember to keep a notebook at hand all the time. 记得手头总带着笔记本。

31. let someone down

fail to do something that you promised to do for someone; disappoint someone 令某人失望[例] Don't let me down. 别让我失望。

[例] I had let them down, and was no longer worthy of their friendship. 我失约于他们，不再值得他们把我当朋友。

32. be true of valid or relevant for (someone) 对…… 也有效/也一样

[例] This is true of him. 这对他也一样。

[例] Surely this is true of many couples. 真的，这对很多夫妇都一样。

33. make up one's mind reach a firm decision 下定决心，拿定主意

[例] I can't make up my mind between these two jobs. 这两个工作中，我拿不定主意选哪个。[例] She has made up her mind to become a doctor. 她已下定决心成为一名医生。

II D ifficult Sentences

1. How to Be Cool at College!

Meaning: How to make yourself very good and impressive to others at college.

cool: adj. very good; impressive; fashionable; trendy< 口> 绝妙的，顶呱呱的

You look really cool in that new dress.

你穿那件衣服显得很帅。

If you say that someone is cool, you mean that he is fashionable, attractive and trendy.

如果你说某人很酷，你是指他很时尚、很有吸引力。

2. Going to college? Lucky you!

Meaning: Are you going to college? How lucky you are!

Notice that they are elliptical(省略的)sentences.

3. True, there will be many people ready to help you, but you will often have to take the first step in whatever you choose to do.

Meaning: It is true that there will be many people who are ready to help you, but you will often have to take the first step in anything at all that you choose to do.

4. As a teacher, I always tell my students to work hard and keep up from day one.

Meaning: As I am a teacher, I always tell my students to work hard and try to be the best from the first day.

as: prep. in the state, character, condition, job, etc. of (being) 指处于某种状态、性质、工作之中He works as a taxi driver.

他是个出租车司机。

5. They have worked hard to make these opportunities open for you.

Please notice the "make + noun/pronoun + adj." structure in the sentence.

请注意句中的make + n. /pron. + adj.结构。表示“使得…… 怎么样”。

make the door open

使门打开

make him nervous

使他紧张

6. I have heard far too many students tell me that they are doing a course to get a certificate for a better chance of "getting a job".

Meaning: I have heard too many students tell me that they are taking a course just to get a certificate, and then with this certificate they will have a better chance of "getting a job".

far: adv. very much (often used together with the word "too" for emphasis)

（常与too一道使用，表示强调）非常；太

far too busy太忙

far too cold太冷

7. …unless you are proud of your work.

unless: conj. if…not; except if

如果不；除非

Unless something unexpected happens, I'll see you next week.

如无意外，我们下星期见。

8. …learn as much as possible.

as…as: (used with "much" or "many" for comparing people or things 与much 或many连用，比较人或事物) She earns twice as much as her husband.

她赚的钱是她丈夫的两倍。

SECTION B

Hi, I’m New Here!

I Language Points

1. experience n.

(1). [C]something that has happened to you (often something unusual or exciting) 经历；（常指不寻常的或刺激的）体验

[例] This is a rewarding experience. 这是一次很值得的经历。

[例] This is a most trying experience. 这是最难受的经历。

(2). [U](the gaining of) knowledge or skill which comes from practice in an activity or doing something for a long time, rather than from books 经验

[例] rich experience丰富的经验

[例] learn by experience从实践中学习

vt.feel, suffer, or learn by (an) experience 经历；经验

[例] For the first time, we experienced defeat. 我们第一次经历了失败。

[例] Why do people experience the feelings of uncertainty and anxiety only when abroad? 为什么人们只有在国外才会感觉到不牢靠和焦虑？

2. adjust

vi. & vt. change slightly, especially in order to make right or make suitable for a particular purpose or situation 调整；使适合

[例] Jim found it hard to adjust to his new mother. 吉姆发现他很难适应新妈妈。

[例] He adjusted (himself) very quickly to the heat of the country. 他很快就（使自己）适应了这个国家的炎热气候。

3. sense n.

( 1). [U]a feeling or consciousness of something 感觉；意识

[例] I felt a sense of relief when the examination was over. 考试完了，我感到松了一口气。

[例] She only visits her family out of a sense of duty. 她看望家人只是出于责任感。

(2). [U]good and especially practical understanding and judgment 明智；见识；判断力

[例] common sense常识

[例] He had the (good) sense to marry a clever wife. 他很明智地娶了个聪明的老婆。

[例] There is no sense in getting angry about it. 为此生气是没有意义的。

(3). [C]any of the five natural powers of sight, hearing, feeling, tasting, and smelling which give a person or animal information about the outside world （人、动物的）感觉官能；视觉

[例] lose one's sense of smell/taste 丧失了嗅觉/味觉

[例] a keen sense of smell 敏锐的嗅觉

(4). [C]a meaning 意义；意思

[例] different senses of a word 一个词的不同义项

[例] I'm using "man" in its broadest sense, including both men and women. 我说man是取其最广的涵义，包括男人和女人。

[例] No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn't make (any) sense. 不管我怎么念，我还是不懂这个句子的意思。

[例] Can you make (any) sense of what this writer is saying? 你能理解这位作家在说什么吗？

vt.have a feeling that (something) exists or is there, without having direct proof 感觉到；意识到

[例] The horse sensed danger and stopped. 马感觉到了危险，于是停了下来。

[例] She could sense their disappoinment. 她能感觉到他们的失望之意。

4. responsibility n.

(1). [U]the state of being responsible; having to take decisions about something so that you are blamed if something goes wrong 责任

[例] Parents should take full responsibility for their children's actions. 父母应对孩子的行为负完全责任。(2). [C]a job or duty that you must do 职责；义务

[例] I feel that I have a responsibility to help them. 我感到自己有义务帮助他们。

[例] It's your responsibility to make the decision. 做决定是你的责任。

5. responsible adj.

(1). having the job or duty of doing or looking after somebody or something 应负…… 责任

[例] The school is responsible for the safety of the children between 9 am and 3 pm. 上午9点到下午3点，学校负责孩子们的安全。

[例] You are responsible for keeping the house clean. 你负责把房子打扫干净。

(2). having done or been the cause of especially something bad; guilty （对尤指坏事）负有责任的；需承担责任的

[例] Who's responsible for this accident? 谁应该对这次事故负责？

[例] The weather is responsible for the delay. 这次延迟应归咎于天气。

6. decision n.

(1). [C; U](a) choice or judgment; (an) act of deciding 决定；抉择；判断

[例] come to/reach/make a decision做出决定

[例] He has a reason for his decision to leave. 他决定离开有自己的理由。

(2). [U]the quality of being able to make choices or judgments quickly and to act on them with firmness; resolution 果断；坚决

[例] This job requires the ability to react with speed and decision. 这个工作需要具有快速果断的反应能力。

7. account n

( 1). [C]a sum of money kept in a bank, building society, etc., which may be added to and taken from （银行等的）账户

[例] a bank account银行账户

[例] open an account in the bank 开一个银行账户

(2). [C]a written or spoken report; description （对事件、人物等的）报道；描写

[例] Give us an account of what happened. 告诉我们发生了什么事。

[例] He is a good musician, by all accounts. 人人都说他是一位好的音乐家。

v.explain or give a reason for something 解释；说明

[例] How can I account for the loss? 我如何解释这个损失？

[例] I was asked by my boss to account for all the money I had spent. 老板要我说明每一分钱的去处。

8. current adj.

(1). generally accepted; in common use 通用的；流行的

[例] The word is no longer in current use. 这个词现今已不再使用。

(2). belonging to the present time; of the present day 当前的；进行中的

[例] current affairs 时事

[例] I started my current job in 2000. 我开始从事我现在的工作是在2000年。

n.(1). [C]a continuously moving mass of liquid or gas, especially one flowing through slower-moving liquid or gas 流；水流；气流

[例] a slow current缓慢的水流

[例] The current is strongest in the middle of the river. 河中央水流最急。

(2). [C; U]the flow of electricity past a fixed point 电流

[例] direct current直流电

[例] electrical current电流

9. savings

n. (plural) money saved, especially in a bank (尤指银行中的)存款；积蓄

[例] savings bank 储蓄银行（仅办理有息储蓄存款业务的银行）

[例] It took all our savings to buy the house. 买这房子花掉了我们所有的积蓄。

10. credit n.

(1). the quality of being likely to repay debts and being trusted in money matters 信用；信誉

[例] His credit is good. 他的信用良好。

[例] Can I pay by credit card? 我用信用卡支付可以吗？

(2). [C](especially in the US) a completed unit of a student's work that forms part of a course, especially at a university (尤指大学的)学分

[例] She hasn't enough credits to get her degree. 她没有足够的学分获得学位。

vt.add to an account 把…… 记入贷方；存入（账户）

[例] The money has been credited to your account. 这笔钱（支票）已存入了你的账户。

11. university

n. [C]a place of education at the highest level, where degrees are given 大学

[例] a university professor 大学教授

[例] a key university重点大学

12. confused

adj. mixed up in one's mind 迷惑的；糊涂的

[例] He gets confused easily. 他很容易被搞糊涂。

[例] Jane felt confused about love and marriage. 琼对恋爱和婚姻感到很迷惑。

13. suppose

vt. (1). consider to be probable 猜想；推测

[例] I suppose that this new book will be a best seller. 我猜想这本书会很畅销。

[例] I suppose so. 我想是的。

(2). what would/will happen if 假如；假使

[例] Suppose it is very cold, what shall we do? 假如很冷，我们怎么办？

[例] Suppose you have just got married, will you choose this job? 假如你刚刚结婚，你会选择这个工作吗？

14. guard

n.( 1). [C]a person, especially a soldier, policeman, or prison officer, who watches over a person or place to prevent escape, danger, etc. 卫兵；守卫

[例] security guards at the airport 机场警卫人员

[例] He had escaped by buying a guard. 他通过收买一个警卫逃脱了。

(2). [U]a state of watchful readiness to protect or defend 保卫；防守

[例] Who was on guard from 9 to 12 o'clock yesterday evening? 昨晚9点到12点谁值班？

[例] There are two police officers on guard. 有两个警察值班。

v.watch over in order to protect from harm or danger or to prevent from escaping; keep safe 防卫；看守

[例] the heavily-guarded White House 戒备森严的白宫

[例] The dog guarded the house (against thieves). 狗看守着房子（防止小偷）。

[例] You should often wash your hands to guard against SARS. 要经常洗手以防非典型肺炎。

[例] Whatever you do, you should guard against mistakes. 无论做什么，你都应该防止出错。

15. comfortable

adj. (1). feeling comfort, especially not experiencing (too much) pain, grief, anxiety, etc. 感觉轻松自在的；舒服的

[例] To make others comfortable, you have to appear comfortable yourself. 要让别人放轻松，你自己必须先显得轻松。

[例] I won't be comfortable until you tell me the truth. 只有你告诉了我真相后，我才会放下心来。(2). providing comfort 舒适的；惬意的

[例] a comfortable chair 舒适的椅子

[例] a comfortable coat 舒适的外套

16. dorm(itory)

n. [C]a large room for sleeping in, containing a number of beds (有多张床的)大寝室；宿舍

[例] a school dormitory学校集体宿舍

[例] The phone in the dormitory is always busy. 宿舍的电话总是占线。

17. homesick

adj. feeling a great wish to be at home, when one is away from it 思乡的；想家的

[例] He often feels homesick. 他经常想家。

[例] How can I keep my mind off feeling homesick? 我如何才能不想家？

18. adjust to

get used to new conditions or a new situation 适应

[例] She found it hard to adjust to working at night. 她发现很难适应晚上工作。

[例] He adjusted (himself) quickly to the college life. 他很快就适应了大学生活。

19. first of all

as the first thing (to be done or said) 首先；第一（要做或说的）

[例] First of all let me say how glad I am to be here. 首先，我想说我非常高兴能来这里。

[例] In a moment I'll introduce our guest speaker, but first of all, let me thank you all for coming. 待会儿我会介绍我们请来的演讲人，但首先，请让我感谢你们的到来。

20. be supposed to do something

used when saying what someone should or should not do 应该做某事

[例] You're supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 如果你要离开教室，应该请求老师的允许。

[例] You are supposed to turn in your homework next week. 你们应该下星期交作业。

21. go through

pass through 通过

[例] This door is too small; the piano won't go through it. 这门太小，钢琴过不去。

[例] Go through the glass door, turn left, go through another, and you are in the dinning hall. 穿过玻璃门，向

左转，再穿过一扇门，然后你就到了餐厅。

II D ifficult Sentences

1. Hi, I'm New Here!

Meaning: Hello, I'm a new student.

2. I do like a lot of things about college, …

Meaning: I really like many things about college, …

Here "do" is used to strengthen or support another verb.

"do"用来强调另一个动词。

Do have a day off!

真的应该休息一天！

SECTION C

1. Fill in Registration Forms

A registration form includes: Title 称呼, Family name (Surname) 姓, Given name (First name) 名, Date of birth 出生年月, Home address 家庭地址, Country of birth 出生国, Nationality 国籍

2. Titles:

Mr.—a title for a man who has no other title, e.g. Mr/ Mr. Peter Smith, or Mr/Mr. Smith Mrs.— a title for a married woman who has no other title

Ms.— a title for a woman who does not wish to be called either “Miss” or “Mrs”

Dr.— (the short form for doctor) a title for a medical Practitioner or for the holder of the highest university degree

Prof.— (the short form for professor) a title used to address a university teacher of the highest rank in a faculty.

Miss— a title used to address an unmarried woman or a girl

Lady— a title used to address a woman of noble rank

Sir— 1) a title used before the first name of a knight男爵or baronet准男爵2) a title used at the beginning of a formal letter

Madam— 1) a respectful way of addressing a woman, especially a customer in a shop 2) a word of address used at the beginning of a business letter to a woman, after the word“dear”

3. Formation of English Names:

An English name is usually made up of two or three parts: the first name is also called given name. If the person is Christian, his first name will be given at his baptism, so it is also called the given name or the Christian name. The middle name is the second given name, When written, the middle name is often shortened to the initial letter. A surname is a often the father’s family name, so it is also called family name or last name.

For example: Anne Louise Strong, / William Carlos Williams, George B. Shaw

新视野大学英语读写教程__第三册(vocabulary答案+翻译)

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