2020年北京人大附中高三英语一模解析(简版)

2020北京人大附中高三一模模拟

英语 2020 年 4 月 1 日

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

E ventual ly, I decided to follow her and 1 happened truly amazed me. She was taking the food to the refugee camp,

2 she dis tribute d it to children. I asked around and found out that my mum was very well known in the area. The kids were very

3 (friend) with her and even looked up to her as if she were their own mothers. Then it hit me – why would she not want to tell me about what she

4 (do) ?

B

Nowadays, a lot of young people seem to spend much of 5 (they) free time either watching tele vision or playing computer games. Certainly, these things are entertaining, but they don’t con tribute much 6 developing their brains. Many believe that reading books, and 7 (especial) fic tion, is a much more ef fec tive way of achiev ing this. Apart from being a pleasant way to relax, the most obvious benefit we get from reading a good story is a 8 (grow) vocabulary. We come across new words in reading and gradual ly become more confident with complex words.

C

The history of the Lantern Festival could be trace d back to the Han Dynasty, and the celebrations were gradually en riched, ex panded and settled in succeeding dynasties. But from the very beginning, lanterns was an in dis pens able part of the day. Long before the electrical light s 9 (invent), the streets in ancient Chinese cities were il lumin ated by var ious colorful lanterns. 10 (dress) in their most beautiful clothes, the ancient Chinese would swarm the streets, where dancers and music ian s would gather as fireworks were lit and lanterns dis playe d.

词汇归类与学习：

apart from 远离，除…之外；且不说；缺少

even tual ly/??vent?u?li/ adv. 最后，终于

vision/?v??n/ n.视力；美景；眼力；幻象；想象力；vt. 想象；显现；梦见

tele vision/?tel?v??n/ n.电视，电视机；电视业

vers ion/?v??r?n/ n. 版本；译文；倒转术[ 复数 versions ]

dispensable/d??spens?bl/ adj. 可有可无的；非必要的

in dis pens able/??nd??spens?bl/ adj. 不可缺少的；绝对必要的；责无旁贷的n. 不可缺少之物；必不可少的人

ex pand ed/?k'sp?nd?d/ adj. 扩充的，展开的；v. 扩大（expand 的过去式和过去分词）

il lumin ate/??lu?m?ne?t/ vt. 阐明，说明；照亮；使灿烂；用灯装饰vi. 照亮

novel/?nɑ?vl/ adj. 新奇的；异常的n. 小说

fict ion/?f?k?n/ n. 小说；虚构，编造；谎言 [ 复数 fictions ]

f a cilit ate/f??s?l?te?t/ vt. 促进；帮助；使容易

trac k/tr?k/ n. 轨道；足/踪迹；小道vt. 追踪；通过；；用纤拉vi. 追踪；走；留下足迹

trace/tre?s/ v. 找到；追溯；追踪；勾画出轮廓 n. 痕迹；跟踪；微量；丝毫；描记线；交线；缰绳

trace back 追溯

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A Person Who Has Influenced My Life

There is always a time in one’s life when a hero comes along. Someone who has in spire d you can really help you learn what life is about.

I __11__ it as if it was yesterday. I was fifteen years old that year. It was around eight o’clock one evening when my mother __12__ a phone call from her brother-in-law, who told us my aunt was in hospital and that the doctor __13__ them she would need an opera tion immediately. My family became very __14__ about my aunt’s situa tion.

While my aunt was in the hospital with special __15__, my cousin Mark, who is mental ly disabled, spent time with my family. Mark was seventeen at the time, and had been born with se v ere mental dis order s, which __16__ a wide range of social and physical problems for him throughout everyday life. He never had any true friend __17__ no one could relate to him. I must __18__ that at the beginning I was filled with uncertainty as to how much of a __19__ my cousin would bring on my family. Now looking back it saddens me to see the __20__ I once showed.

Over the two weeks when Mark lived with my family, I probably __21__ more about life and its meanings. Thinking back, I took __22__ in daily life for granted, believing （现在分词做状语）it would always be there. I never even thought about being able to do things like walking, brushing my teeth, or going to the bathroom on my own. Now I see how __23__ I am to be able to do these things independently.

Mark was seventeen, but learned on a nine-year-old __24__. Although his learning ability was slower than most, he could still learn. He ex plore d __25__ to do most of the things everyone else did. __26__ he did pretty well and succeeded at almost everything he tried to do. He __27__ his illness and showed an ambi tion to love life. To him, having a successful life means achieving goals on his own terms and at his own __28__.

Mark is my hero, for his disability has forever __29__ my viewpoint on life. It seems like a well-de served life when you’re fifteen, and it is amazing how in a pe riod of time your point of view can change so __30__.

11. A. ac cept B. remember C. imagine D. discover

12. A. re ceive d B. missed C. made D. used

13. A. in form ed B. promised C. showed D. beg ged

14. A. sure B. curi ous C. disappointed D. worried

15. A. care B. interest C. purpose D. action

16. A. found B. faced C. create d D. influenced

17. A. until B. although C. unless D. because

18. A. believe B. ad mit C. decide D. regret

19. A. puzzle B. failure C. burden D. con flict

20. A. i gnora nce B. weakness C. relief D. mercy

21. A.re quire d B. understood C. questioned D. dreamed

22. A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything

23. A. powerful B. brave C. lucky D. successful

24. A. level B. variety C. job D. balance

25. A. achievements B. possibilities C. func tion s D. difficulties

26. A. Typically B. Oc casion al ly C. Ac cidental ly D. Actually

27. A. treated B. pre vent ed C. challenged D. reported

28. A. pace B. cost C. business D. re quest

29. A. re present ed B. changed C. form ed D. sup port ed

30. A. easily B. normal ly C. pr o per ly D. completely

词汇归类与学习：

oc casional ly/??ke??n?li/ adv. 偶尔；间或

mercy/?m??rsi/ n. 仁慈，宽容；怜悯；幸运；善行

merchant/?m??rt??nt/ n. 商人，批发商；店主 adj. 商业的，商人的

pace/pe?s/ n. 一步；步速；步伐；速度vi. 踱步；缓慢而行vt. 踱步于；用步测

properly/?pr?p?li/ adv. 适当地；正确地；恰当地

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

A Pen That Draws in Any Color

The Scrib ble is a magical pen that can scan colors and i nstan tly reproduce the

colors. Hold the Scribble’s scanner up to any color, and within a second that color is

stored in its memory. Once stored, that color can be used to draw on paper or on a

digital screen.

Who can use the Scribble?

Children will love the Scribble because it can create different colors, replacing

even their biggest box of crayons (蜡笔). Besides, anyone working with color in their profession al lives, such as artists, will be able to scan and reproduce colors instantly.

The Scribble is the best color—Green

One of the most important characteris tics of the Scribble is that, since it can reproduce any color, it replaces marking pens, great ly reducing the huge amount of plastic waste.

What’s inside the Scribble?

There will be two different version s of the Scribble, the Scribble INK and the Scribble STYLUS. The INK will be able to reproduce exact colors on paper. It in clude s a color sensor, 1 GB of internal memory that will store over 100,000 colors, a

re charge able battery, Bluetooth 4.0 connectivity, a pro cessor and 5 ink cartridges (盒). The STYLUS is exactly the same as the INK, minus the ink cartridge as it is intend ed for use on screen.

How did we create the Scribble?

We’ve been in the design pro cess for two years and the Scribble has gone through various design changes to get it to where we are now. Because of its small size we have created some ideas never seen before in the color reproduction industry. We created the Scribble for YOU and want you to be a part of the process!

Thank you for your support

Thank you so much for your con cern about the Scribble. Thank you also for your sup port! Make sure to bookmark our website and check back often to see the progress as well as the up date d times for production and delive ry of your Scribble.

31. According to the passage, the Scribble ______.

A. has replaced the common pens

B. brings environmental problems

C. is the product of high technology

D. is designed for a certain group of people

32. How is the Scribble different from other pens?

A. It can copy colors.

B. It is smaller in size.

C. It has different versions.

D. It can only be used on screen.

33. The main purpose of the passage is to ______.

A. seek advice about the Scribble

B. introduce the Scribble to readers

C. compare the Scribble with other pens

D. provide methods of using the Scribble

B

Looking good, feeling good

Born to a model mom and a suit maker dad, fashion was actually in my blood. I always had a strong desire to dress in a certain way and to stand out from the crowd.

I made my own toys when I was a young child and sew ed my first skirt at just 10 years old. A friend’s mother took one look at my skirt and told me that I should be a patternmaker. In high school I started making my own clothes, mostly changing other things because I never liked anything how it was when I bought it. During the last two years of school, I worked part-time for a small business that made hand-painted silk clothing and bags. The owner became the teacher who got me into design in the first place. Another useful bit of work experience then came when I worked at a showroom during fashion week and found it very exciting. From there I worked at a top clothing store while I got my business started.

For my business I started out with the idea that everything I did would be hand-made and one-of-a-kind, specially made for one in dividu al who hopefully had the same tastes as me. Every morning I jumped out of bed, went to my studio and worked on my projects. This just showed how enthusias tic I felt about my work. And at night I even dreamed of new designs!

Fashion design is function al art. What I mean is that it’s something close to you and something you can touch and feel, and actual ly inter act with. My advice to any young person who wants to be a fashion designer is to get the basic skills early on, such as sew ing and pattern-making. Even if you end up special iz ing, it’s really important to understand all a spect s of design in order to make high-quality clothes.

Also, if you dream of having your own clothing line, the best thing to do is start wearing your clothes. You have to try and do this because that’s the way you’re going to develop something that’s all yours and unlike anyone else’s. I passion ate ly believe that the right clothing can make people feel better and give them more confidence.

34. When the author was in high school, she ______.

A. wore the latest fashions

B. was fond of hand-painted clothing

C. began to make clothes on her own

D. dressed in the same way as her classmates

35. What does the underlined word “functional” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Practical.

B. Standard.

C. Decorative.

D. Complex.

36. What advice does the author give to those who want to be fashion designers?

A. Creating basic designs in college.

B. Wearing high-quality clothes all the time.

C. Looking at what their friends are wearing.

D. Deciding what is unique about their clothes.

37. According to the author, well-designed clothes _______.

A. cost people a lot of money

B. bring people great success

C. provide people with popular taste

D. help people feel sure of themselves

C

Researchers continue to show the power behind our sense of smell. Recent studies have found, among other things, that the smell of foods like pizza can cause uncontrollable anger in drive r s on roads.

研究人员继续证明我们的嗅觉背后的力量。最近的研究发现，比萨等食物的味道会让道路上的司机无法控制自己的愤怒情绪。

The re view explains that smell is unique in its effects on the brain. According to Conrad King, the researcher who carried out the review, "more than any other senses, the sense of smell go es through the logical part of the brain and acts on the systems con cern ed with feelings. This is why the smell of baking bread can destroy the best in tent ion s of a dieter." Smell, which dict ate s the unbelievable complexi ty of food tastes, has always been the least understood of our senses. Our noses are able to de tect up to 10,000 dis tinct smells.Our ability to smell（不定式作定语）and taste this extremely large range of smells is controlled by something like 1,000 genes (基因), which make up an amazing 3% of the human genome. Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together award ed a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their ground-breaking research on the nature of this extra ordinary sense. These two scientists were the first to de scribe the family of 1,000 olfactory (嗅觉) genes and to ex plain how our olfactory system works.

这篇综述解释说，气味对大脑的影响是独特的。进行这项研究的康拉德·金说:“嗅觉比其他任何感官都更能通过大脑的逻辑部分，对与感觉有关的系统起作用。”这就是为什么烤面包的味道会破坏一个减肥者的良好意图。”嗅觉决定了食物难以置信的复杂口感，它一直是我们最不了解的感官。我们的鼻子能够探测到多达10,000种不同的气味。我们的嗅觉和味觉能力这非常大范围的气味是由类似的1000个基因,组成一个惊人的3%的人类基因组。2004年，研究人员理查德·阿克塞尔(Richard Axel)和琳达·巴克(Linda Buck)共同获得了诺贝尔奖，因为他们对

这种非凡感觉的本质进行了开创性的研究。这两个科学家首先描述1000年的家庭嗅觉基因和解释我们的嗅觉系统是如何工作的。

According to one study in the research re view, smelling fresh pizza or even the packag ing of fast foods can be enough to make drivers feel im patient with other road users. They are then more likely to speed and experience uncontrollable anger on roads. The most reason able explanation is that these can all make drivers feel hungry, and therefore de sperate to satis f y their appeti te s.

根据研究综述中的一项研究，闻到新鲜的披萨甚至快餐的包装都足以让司机对其他道路使用者感到不耐烦。他们更有可能在公路上超速行驶，体验无法控制的愤怒。最合理的解释是，这些都能让司机感到饥饿，因此不顾一切地满足他们的胃口。

In contrast, the smells of peppermint and cinnamon were shown to improve con centra tion levels as well as re duce drivers’ impatience. Similar ly, the smells of lemon and coffee ap pear e d to pro mote clear thinking and mental focus.

However, the way genes regul ate smell differ s from person to person. A study by researchers in Israel has identi fied at least 50 olfactory genes which are switch ed on in some people and not in others. They believe this may explain why some of us love some smells and tastes while others hate them. The Israel researchers say their study shows that nearly every human being shows a different pattern of active and in active smell-detecting re cept o rs.

相比之下，薄荷和肉桂的气味被证明可以提高司机的注意力，减少司机的不耐烦。同样，柠檬和咖啡的气味似乎能促进清晰的思考和精神集中。然而，基因调节气味的方式因人而异。以色列研究人员的一项研究发现，至少有50个嗅觉基因在一些人身上被激活，而在另一些人身上没有。他们认为这可以解释为什么有些人喜欢某些气味和味道，而有些人讨厌它们。以色列研究人员表示，他们的研究表明，几乎每个人的嗅觉感受器的活跃和不活跃模式都不同。

38. What did Richard Axel and Linda Buck find out?

A. The category of food smells.

B. The logical part of human brain.

C. The nature of human olfactory system.

D. The relationship between food and feelings.

解析：本题出处为：Researchers Richard Axel and Linda Buck were together award ed a Nobel Prize in 2004 for their ground-breaking research on the nature of this extra ordinary sense. These two scientists were the first to de scribe the family of 1,000 olfactory (嗅觉) genes and to ex plain how our olfactory system works.

39. Which of the following can help people con centr ate?

A. Bread.

B. Fruits.

C. Coffee.

D. Fast food.

40. What do we know from the last paragraph?

A. Some people can recognize up to 50 smells.

B. Every person has a different pattern of genes.

C. Different people are sensi tive to different smells.

D. There are still some olfactory genes to be found out.

41. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Logic and behaviour.

B. Smell and its influence.

C. Sense ability and food tastes.

D. Olfactory genes and its system.

D

Camaraderie over Competence

The importance of liking people is the sub ject of an article in the Harvard Business Re view, which has carried out an experiment to find out who we’d rather work with. Hardly surprisingly, the people we want most as our work mate s are both: brilliant at their jobs and delightful human beings. And the people we want least are both unpleasant and useless. More interestingly, the authors found that, given the choice between working with lovable fools and competent jerks (性情古怪的人), we ir re sistib ly choose the form er. Anyway, who likes those stupid men who an noy or hurt other people? We might in sist that com pet ence matter s more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing

in form ation with them.

《哈佛商业评论》(Harvard Business Re view)的一篇文章探讨了喜欢他人的重要性。该杂志进行了一项实验，以找出我们更愿意与谁合作。毫不奇怪，我们最希望成为同事的人既是工作出色的人，也是讨人喜欢的人。而我们最不想要的人既讨厌又没用。更有趣的是,作者发现,与可爱的傻瓜和主管之间的选择性情古怪的人,我们无法抗拒的选择前者。不管怎样，谁会喜欢那些惹恼或伤害别人的愚蠢男人呢?我们可能会坚持认为能力更重要，但我们的行为表明，我们与我们喜欢的人保持密切联系，并与他们分享信息。

What compan ies should therefore do is get people to like each other more. The trick here is apparent ly to make sure staff s come across each other as often as possible during the day. They also should be sent on bond ing courses and so on to encourage friendliness and break down dis pleasure. However, more outdoor-activity weekends and shared coffee machines in spire no confidence at all.

因此，公司应该做的是让人们更喜欢彼此。这里的诀窍显然是确保员工在白天尽可能多地遇到彼此。他们也应该被送去参加增进感情的课程等，以增进友谊，消除不快。然而，周末更多的户外活动和共享咖啡机让人完全没有信心。

The reality is that people either like each other or t hey don’t. You can’t force it. Possibly you can make offices friendlier by tolerat ing a lot of chat, but there is a pro ductivi ty cost to that. In my experience, the question of lovable fool against competent jerk may not be the right one. The two are inter relat ed: we tend not to like our workmates when they are completely hopeless. I was once quite friendly with a woman whom I later worked with. I found her to be so outstandingly bad at her job that I lost re spect for her and ended up not really liking her at all. Then is there anything that companies should be doing about it?

现实是，人们要么喜欢彼此，要么不喜欢。你不能强迫它。也许你可以容忍大量的聊天，让办公室变得更友好，但这是要付出工作效率的代价的。以我的经验来看，可爱的傻瓜反对有能力的蠢货的问题可能不是正确的。这两者是相互关联的:当我们的同事完全绝望时，我们往往不喜欢他们。我曾经和一个女人很友好，后来和她一起工作。我发现她的工作做得非常糟糕，我对她失去了尊重，最后一点也不喜欢她了。那么，企业应该为此做些什么呢?

By far the most ef fect ive strate gy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that s i milari t y is one of the main determi nant s of whether we like each other. I think this is a pretty good idea, but no one dares re com mend this anymore without offending the di vers ity lobby group. There is only one ac cept able view on this sub ject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any con clus ive proof of it.

到目前为止，最有效的策略是雇佣那些几乎都一样的人，因为相似度是决定我们是否喜欢对方的主要因素之一。我认为这是一个很好的主意，但没有人敢在不冒犯多样性游说团体的情况下推荐这一做法。在这个问题上只有一种可接受的观点:由相似的人组成的团队是糟糕的，因为他们停止了创造力。这可能是真的，尽管我从未看到

任何确凿的证据。

Not only do we like similar people, we like people who like us. So if companies want to pro mote more liking, they should en courage a culture where we are all nice to each other. The trouble is that this needs to be done with some skill.

我们不仅喜欢相似的人，我们也喜欢喜欢我们的人。因此，如果公司想要促进更多的好感，他们应该鼓励一种我们都善待彼此的文化。问题是这需要一些技巧。

42. According to the research, which kind of col league s would most people tend to choose?

A. Nice but un intel lig ent.

B. Creative but unattractive.

C. Competent but unfriendly.

D. Humorous but un ambitious.

解析：本题答案来源为：We might in sist that com pet ence matter s more, but our behavior shows we stay close to the people we like and sharing in form ation with them.

43. The author talks about her experience to show that _______.

A. people respect outstanding leaders

B. people tend to like optimis tic workmates

C. a workmate’s working ability is important

D. talkative workmates makes offices friendlier

44. Some people think that similar people working together may _______

A. of fend each other

B. create fewer new ideas

C. talk more and work less

D. be likely to stick together

解析：本题答案来源为：There is only one ac cept able view on this sub ject: teams of similar people are bad because they stop creativity. This may be true, though I have never seen any con clus ive proof of it.

45. To encourage workmates to like each other, companies could _________.

A. set more coffee machines in the work place

B. organize team-building activities outside the office

C. encourage a di vers ity of opinions in workplace

D.em ploy staff who have a lot in common

解析：本题答案来源为：By far the most ef fect ive strate gy would be to hire people who are all pretty much the same, given that s i milari t y is one of the main determi nant s of whether we like each other.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Why do some people have many friends while others do not? 46 However, it is not so. Let’s look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy inter person al relations.

The first experiment is called the “Hawthorne effect” after Hawthorne, Illinois, where the experiment took place. A group of psychologists examine d the work p a ttern s of two groups of workers in the Western Electric Company. 47 .The psychologists changed the working conditions for one group twice but left the other group alone. They were surprised to find that productivity increase on both oc casi on s and in both groups. They con clude d that the increase in pro duct ivity came

from the at tent ion given to the workers by the management. It had increased their motiva tion (积极性) and so they had worked harder. In other words, if you take an interest in others, they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.

48 After Martin Luther King, Jr was killed in the 1960s, a teacher, Jane Elliott, living in an all – white town decided to help her class of young children understand why the Civil Rights Movement had been necessary in America.

She divided the class into two groups: one with blue eyes and the other with brown eyes. Other eye colours such as hazel or green were ex clude d from his exercise. Then she told the class that brown – eyed people were cleverer than blue –eyed ones because of an agent (化学作用) for brown colour found in their blood. Blue – eyed people were stupid, lazy and not to be trusted. Jane Elliott did not need to say any more. The brown – eyed students quickly got used to their new role as the leaders of the class. The blue – eyed students became quiet and withdrawn. Then she discovered something very interesting. Four poor brown – eyed readers began to read fluent ly in a way they had never done before. 49 .So if you want to be successful and happy, take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates. Congratulate them on their successes and sym pathi ze(同情) with them in their troubles. 50 .

A. Before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them.

B. Remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behavior to you.

C. The second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or i gnore others.

D. The ones who have more friends usually are those who care about others.

E. Jane Elliott had shown that the way people are treated af fect s not only their be havior but also their confidence and their per form ance.

F. You may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.

G. The second experiment tells us what teachers said has a great effect on the students.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节（15分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你们班留学生Jim现在美国居家学习，请给他写一个电子邮件，内容如下：

1.告诉他你们学校即将举行在线运动会（运动会形式，内容……）；

2.邀请他参加。

注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（20分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍你在寒假期间参加“丝绸之路文化行”敦煌站的活动过程，并以“SilkRoadTravel”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件。

注意：1.词数不少于60；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。

提示词：莫高窟theMogaoCaves

Silk Road Travel

This winter vacation I went to Dunhuang to explore the Silk Road with my classmates.

人大附中2020届高三英语一模模拟测试参考答案第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

1. what

2. where

3. friendly

4. had done/was doing/had been doing

5. their

6. to

7.especially

8. growing (grown不给分)

9. were invented 10. Dressed （大小写错误扣1.5）

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

11. B 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. A21. B

22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A36. D 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. C

41. B 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. D

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

46. F 47. A 48. C 49. E 50. B