最新宾语补足语同宾语从句的区别
宾语从句：
1.宾语从句充当的是句子的宾语，少了它句子就没有宾语不是完整的句子了。
宾语从句一般由that引导，后跟的是一个完整的句子。
Eg. I found that he was lying on the ground. I heared that he was back. I think that he is very kind.
2.而宾语补足语则是有宾语存在，对宾语的补充完善。能充当宾语补足语的一
般有：不定式，现在分词，过去分词，形容词，副词，介宾短语等。宾语加宾补一起构成复合宾语。常跟复合宾语的动词有：call, name, make, think, find, leave, keep, choose, elect, define, regard, see,recognize, treat, take, consider, look up, refer to, employ, use, show, organise, express 等。
Eg. I heared Jim singing this morning. Tom made the girl cry. I find learning English difficult. I saw the kite up and down.
注意：当感官动词和使役动词，如：see hear notice watch hear feel observe(感官动词) make have let(使役动词) 接宾补时，不定式的符号to必须省略。在help 后,不定式可以带to,也可不带。
宾语从句注意点：
1.多为that引导
2. 偶尔有if/ whether引导的一般疑问句，反义疑问句，选择
疑问句等构成宾语从句。3. 在介词之后，不定式之前或在or之前只能用whether不能用if。 4. 宾语从句是陈述语气。
注意：that引导的从句一般是：宾语从句和定语从句两种。在句子中补充当成分，后跟完整句子的是宾语从句。在从句中充当主语或宾语时为定语从句。
定语：Do you know the girl that often comes here. He’s the boy that I talked with just now.
注：定语从句先行词一般是who, whom, which that(that 可省略)。
定语从句：先行词是all. Few,little, something,everything,nothing等不定代词时，只能用that。Eg. All that he said is true.
先行词被only，no,any,all等词修饰时只能用that。
先行词被序数词修饰时只能用that
先行词被形容词最高级修饰时只能用that。
先行词既包括人又包括物时，只能用that。Eg. We all talked about the people and the things that we remembered.
在介词后只能用which。Eg. The house in which I lived has been sold.
宾语从句的时态问题：
宾语从句的时态问题：
1.如果主句为一般现在时，则宾语从句的时态不受限制，根据实际情况使用所
需要的时态。
I hear Jone left for Beijing yesterday.
2.如果主句为一般过去时，则宾语从句的时态只能用过去的某种时态。
Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.
3.如果宾语从句为客观真理或普遍事实，则用一般现在时态。
Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.
4.如果宾语从句是由when引导的从句或带有时间状语的从句，则when引导的
从句或时间状语从句中的时态不变。
The teacher wanted to know when the girl was born. Tom said he had worked here since he left school.
如果宾语从句含有过去的具体的年，月，日时其时态保持不变。I heared Lucy was born in 1986.
5.否定前移：如果主句的谓语动词是think，guess，believe等动词且接有否定
的that宾语从句时，常将否定词提前到主句中。
I don’t think that Alice is an American.
6.复合结构：在think，find，make等接有复合宾语的动词之后，为避免句子
头重脚轻或关系模糊，常用it做形式宾语，而将真正做宾语的宾语从句放在宾补之后，即用“及物动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句”
I think it important that we should learn swimming well.
宾语从句考点速记口诀：
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that，一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
状语从句看连词，根据连词的意思判断属于什么状语从句。尤其注意时间状语和条件状语的“主将从现”原则。
7.We lost the way in the forest, and we didn’t know ______.
A. where we get back
B. when did we get back
C. how we could get back
8. I don’t know _ _she could finish the work by the end of this month.
A. whether
B. what
C. when
9. “Underground” is the only word in the English language______starts and ends with the lettes “und”.
A. what
B. that
C. who
D. whom
10. All the students like the teachers________can understand them well.
A. what
B. who B. whom
C. which
11. It will be hard for us to get up in the morning if we____to bed too late.
A. go
B. went
C. will go
D. have gone
12. _______he was very tired, he continued working in his office.
A. Since
B. Although
C. As soon as
D. Because
13. All _______he said is true.
A. that
B. which
C. what
14. This is the best book _______ I have read this year.
A. which
B. that
C. what
15. I can’t decide ________to bu y this bike or not.
A. whether
B. if
C. that
16.The teacher told us yesterday that December 25th _______Chrismas day.
A. is
B. was
C. has benn
D. will be
17. we’d like to tell you that you _______the exam.
A. have passed
B. had passed
C.pass
D. will pass
18. Could you tell me ______?
A. where is the nearest railway station
B. where the nearest railway station was
C. where the nearest railway station is
D. where was the nearest railway station
19. he said he _____three English songs since he came here.
A. learned
B. had learned
C. would learn
D. has learned
20. ----when will you fly to Sydney? ---pardon? I ask _______
A. when will you fly to Sydney
B.whether you will fly to Sydney
C. that you will fly to Sydney
D. when you will fly to Sydney
21. Excuse me,could you tell me _______our tickets?
A. where do we show
B. where shall we show
C. where did we show
D. where we shall show
公共行政学形成性考核作业册参考答案
公共行政学作业1
一、名词解释
1、地方政府体制：地方政府是设置于地方各级行政区域内的公共行政管理机关。地方政府体制是地方政府按照一定的法律或标准划分的政府组织形式。
2、非营利组织：非营利组织是指组织的设立和经营不是以营利为目的，且净盈余不得分配，由志愿人员组成，实行自我管理的、独立的、公共或民间性质的组织团体。
3、人事行政：人事行政是指国家的人事机构为实现行政目标和社会目标，通过各种人事管理手段对公共行政人员所进行的制度化和法治化管理。
4、公文管理：公文管理就是对公文的创制、处置和管理，即在公文从形成、运转、办理、传递、存贮到转换为档案或销毁的一个完整周期中，以特定的方法和原则对公文进行创制加工、保管料理，使其完善并获得功效的行为或过程。
二、单项选择题
1．被称为“人事管理之父”和行为科学的先驱者的是( C )。
A．普耳B．斯密C．欧文D．斯图亚特
2．公共行政生态学的代表作《公共行政生态学》于1961年发表，该书的作者是( A )。
A．里格斯B．古立克C．德鲁克D．高斯
3．20世纪30年代，古立克把管理职能概括为( A )。
A．计划、组织、人事、指挥、协调、报告、预算
B．领导、决策、组织、指挥、协调、人事、预算
C．计划、领导、人事、指挥、组织、报告、预算
D．计划、领导、人事、沟通、协调、组织、预算
4．公共行政环境的( D )首先表现在各种公共行政环境之间的差异性上。
A．约束性B．复杂性C．不稳定性D．特殊性
5．政府由“守夜人”变成“社会主宰者”的时期是( C )。
A．前资本主义B．由资本主义C．垄断资本主义D．当代资本主义
6．公共行政学研究的核心问题是( A )。
A．政府职能B．行政监督C．行政决策D．行政体制7．法国第五共和国宪法所确立的一种中央政府体制是( C )。
A．内阁制B．总统制C．半总统制D．委员会制
8．内阁制，起源于18世纪的( A )国，后来为许多西方国家所采用。