高中阅读理解：观点态度题技巧总结及巩固训练

阅读理解：观点态度题技巧总结

及巩固训练

观点态度题主要是考查学生根据文章内容推断出作者对某人或某事物的观点或态度，或是文中某人或某机构对人或事物的观点或态度的能力。

一、观点态度试题的设题方式和表述观点态度的选项有哪些∶

设题方式：

1. Whats the author's attitude towards...?

2. What is the opinion of the writer in this passage?

3. Which of the following does the author agree with?

三类选项：

（一）支持、赞同、乐观

1. positive adj.肯定的，积极的

2. favorable adj.赞成的，有利的

3. supportive adj支持的

4. approving adj 赞成

3. optimistic adj 乐观的

（二）反对、批评、怀疑、悲观

1. disapproving adj不赞成

2. negative 否定的，消极的

3. critical adj.批评的

4. controversial 有争议的

5. conservative adj.保守的

6. suspicious adj.怀疑的

7. doubtful adj.怀疑的

8. pessimistic

（三）中立、客观

1. subjective adj.主观的

1. objective adj.客观的

2. netural adj.中立的

5. indifferent adj 漠不关心

二、总结解题技巧总结：

对作者的观点态度的推理和判断必须以事实为依据，判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意。

解答观点态度题常用的解题技巧如下：

①辨清文章的文体。议论文中，主题句一般暗示作者的态度。说明文一般为客观中立的态度。记叙文中，观点往往不会直接提出，但作者在写作时常会有某种倾向性，所以要求考生要捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语。捕捉那些烘托气氛、渲染情绪的词句（注意副词、形容词等）；

②利用人名或组织机构名称进行定位；

③结合所举例子进行判断；

④结合文章主题综合推断。根据行文基调和作者对人或事物的态度或观点的句子，切忌根据文章局部内容所体现出来的感情对作者的态度下判断；

⑤观点标记词。观点标记词，“说、认为、觉得、依我看”等等，一般情况是观点词之后会引出作者观点，所以紧紧抓住观点标记之后的内容，对应选项，找出与话题一致的就是正确答案。注意文中的关联词语，关联词语的出现可能会影响文段的表述。这样的关联词语有：转折关联词“但是”“可是”“然而”；并列关联词“不是....而是....”；表示顺承的关联词语有递进关联词“而且”“甚至”“更”，因果关联词“所以”“因此”“因而”。注意文中表示假设、想象、之类的词语：suppose,

claimed as 等后出现的观点往往与作者观点相反；

⑥关注具有感情色彩的词语：褒义词较多，作者观点应该是正面的、赞同的；贬义词较多，作者观点应该是负面的、反对的；中性词较多，作者观点应该是客观的。

三、活学活用

浙江高考2016年10月C篇

Digital technology - email and smart phones especially-have vastly improved workers' ability to be productive outside of a traditional office. Even so, most white-collar work still happens in an office. One reason is that, according to findings of a new survey of office workers conducted by Wakefield Research for the IT company Citrix, most bosses are doubtful about remote working. Half of the workers say their boss doesn't accept it, and only 35 percent say it's tolerated.

Skeptical bosses will likely have their doubts reinforced (加深) by the same survey, which shows that 43 percent of workers say they've watched TV or a movie while “working” remotely, while 35 percent have done housework，and 28 percent have cooked dinner.

It is true, however, that working at home makes people much more efficient, because it allows workers to take care of annoying housework while still getting their jobs done. It’s much faster, for example, to shop for groceries at a quarter to three than to stand in line during the after-work rush.

The fact that such practices remain officially unaccepted reflects how far we haven't come as a society from the days when we expected every full-time worker to be supported by a full-time homemaker.（长难句解读：that引导的同位语从句，how引导的宾语从句，when引导的定语从句。翻译：此做法仍未被正式接受，这个事实反映了我们还没从期望每个

全职工作者需得到全职家务料理者的支持的社会里走出来。）

More broadly the Wakefield survey suggests that employers may be missing a low-cost way to give workers something of value. Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who haven't worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home. Under such circumstances, smart firms need to find ways to let their employees have enough ability to change or be changed easily to suit a different situation to manage their time efficiently.

语篇解读：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。数字技术，特别是电子邮件和智能手机，使得人们可以在家远程办公。但老板们害怕失去对工人的控制，并不太赞成。作者建议小公司可以采取灵活的工作模式。

2．What seems to be most workers' attitude toward remote working?

A．Favorable.B．Doubtful.

C．Reserved.D．Disapproving.

解题分析：态度推理判断题。结合所举例子和观点标记词进行判断。根据第三段中的It is true, however, that working at home makes people much more efficient可知，在家远程办公更高效，再结合最后一段Sixty-four percent of those survey participants who haven't worked remotely would rather give up some bonus in order to get even one day a week working from home.可推断出，大多数员工是赞成的，答案是A。

2020年全国高考英语三卷C篇With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more families are choosing to live together.

The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law, she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.

Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol — one

of a growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof. They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen, bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.

“We floated the idea（熟词生义：提出计划、方案或想法） to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in: “We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”

And what does Nick think? “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it? Yes, I think I would.”

It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.

Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.

Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in with their husband’s family when they get married.

语篇解读：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要讲述了在英国多代人同住一起的社会现象呈上升趋势。

29. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law?

A. Positive.

B. Carefree.

C. Tolerant.

D. Unwilling.

解题分析：态度推理判断题。根据观点标记词进行判断。根据第五段“From my standpoint， it all seems to work very well. Would I recommend it？Yes，I think I would.”可知尼克（Nick）对和岳母住一起持赞同的态度。翻译：在我看来，一切都挺顺利的。你问我会不会推荐这种做法？我想是的，我推荐。”

2018年北京高考试题D篇

Preparing Cities for Robot Cars The possibility of self-driving robot cars has often seemed like a futurist’s dream, years away from materializing in the real world. Well, the future is apparently now. The California Department of Motor Vehicles began giving permits in April for companies to test truly self-driving cars on public roads. The state also cleared the way for companies to sell or rent out self-driving cars, and for companies to operate driverless taxi services. California, it should be noted, isn’t leading

the way here. Companies have been testing their vehicles in cities across the country. It’s hard to predict when driverless cars will be everywhere on our roads. But however long it takes, the technology has the potential to change our transportation systems and our cities, for better or for worse, depending on how the transformation is regulated.

While much of the debate so far has been focused on the safety of driverless cars(and rightfully so), policymakers also should be talking about how self-driving vehicles can help reduce traffic jams, cut emissions(排放) and offer more convenient, affordable mobility options. The arrival of driverless vehicles is a chance to make sure that those vehicles are environmentally friendly and more shared.

Do we want to copy —or even worsen —the traffic of today with driverless cars? Imagine a future where most adults own individual self-driving vehicles. They tolerate

long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread. They take their driverless car to an appointment and set the empty vehicle to circle the building to avoid paying for parking. Instead of walking a few blocks to pick up a child or the dry cleaning, they send the self-driving minibus. The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport —an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in

ride-hailing(叫车) services.

A study from the University of California at Davis suggested that replacing

petrol-powered private cars worldwide with electric, self-driving and shared systems could reduce carbon emissions from transportation 80% and cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% by 2050. Fewer emissions and cheaper travel sound pretty appealing. The

first commercially available driverless cars will almost certainly be fielded by ride-hailing services, considering the cost of self-driving technology as well as liability and maintenance issues(责任与维护问题). But driverless car ownership could increase as the prices drop and more people become comfortable with the technology.

Policymakers should start thinking now about how to make sure the appearance of driverless vehicles doesn’t extend the worst aspects of the car-controlled transportation system we have today. The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.

语篇解读：本文为议论文。文章主要讨论有关无人驾驶汽车的发展前景和面临的问题。

50. What is the author’s attitude to the future of self-driving cars?

A. Doubtful.

B. Positive.

C. Disapproving.

D. Sympathetic.

解题分析：态度推断题。关注具有感情色彩的词语。根据文中reduce carbon emissions，cut the cost of transportation infrastructure(基础设施) and operations 40% ，appealing，comfortable，advancement，move more people, and more affordably，等词汇可以推断出作者对无人驾驶汽车持积极态度。还有，文章最后一段The coming technological advancement presents a chance for cities and states to develop transportation systems designed to move more people, and more affordably. The car of the future is coming. We just have to plan for it.中的 advancement，move more people, and more affordably.以及plan for it可推知，作者是积极的态度。故选B。

2006年浙江高考E篇

You are from a middle class family, and live in a normal size home without any showy possessions, but you are surrounded by surprising consumption(消费). This contrast is beginning to bother your 6-year-old son. You are worried that he will want to live as they do, and wonder if you should move.

Sometimes big pocket money, joyful birthday parties, special playrooms and super-big houses tell you that your neighbors probably have more money than you do, and that they’re not as careful as you are with money, but you may find that they cook and dig in the garden with their children just as often as you do, talk with them as freely and read to them every night.

Or you may find that some of these parents stay in on wing of their big house while children play by himself, way off in a wing of his own. In that unfortunate case, he is basically growing up alone without being looked after properly, but this can happen to

a child who lives in a normal-size house, too, if he has a TV. A computer and a few video games in his room. Even the most caring parent doesn’t walk in and out of it to see what show her child is watching, what Internet site he has found and if he’s playing that video game.

Too much uncontrolled screen then may lead to a certain loss of innocence (天真), and if it doesn’t, you might decide to move. Don’t judge your neighbor too harshly (严厉地), though. There some things that are right with almost any neighbor and some things that are wrong with the best of them. --- like those super-big houses. The wealth of their owners ---- and the way they throw money around---- may make your son feel sorry for himself, unless you help him understand that you and his dad save some of the money, give some to people who don’t have enough and use the rest to pay for whatever the family needs.

Children want ----- should be provided with---- explanations when their parents don’t give them what they want.

语篇解读: 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了邻居及家长对孩子的不同程度的影响，孩子需要父母的正确指导，这比单纯给钱更有用．

58. In paragraphs 2 and 3, the author seems to agree that parents should _______.

A. spend more time with their children.

B. give their children more freedom.

C. work hard to live a richer life.

D. set an example for their children to follow

解题分析：观点推断题。结合文章主题和文中的关联词语推断。根据第二段"but you may find that they cook and dig in the garden with their children just as often as you do，talk with them as freely and read to them every night"可知父母应该花更多的时间和他们的孩子呆在一起；故选A．

2005年安徽高考E

Parents should stop blaming themselves because there’s not a lot they can do about it.

I mean the teenager (十几岁的孩子) problem. Whatever you do or however you choose to deal with it, at certain times a wonderful, reasonable and helpful child will turn into a terrible animal.

I’ve seen friends deal with it in all kinds of different ways. One strict mother insisted that her son, right from a child, should stand up whenever anyone entered the room, open doors and shake hands like a gentleman. I saw him last week when I called round. Sprawling himself (懒散地躺) on the sofa in full length, he made no attempt to turn off the loud TV he was watching as I walked in, and his greeting was no more than a quick glance at me. His mother was ashamed. “I don't know what to do with him these days,” she said. “He’s forgotten all the manners we taught him.”

He hasn't forgotten them. He' s just decided that he' s not going to use them. She confessed (坦白) that she would like to come up behind him and throw him down from the sofa onto the floor.

Another good friend of mine let her two daughters climb all over the furniture, reach across the table, stare at me and say, “I don’t like your dress; it’s ugly.” One of the daughters has recently been driven out of school. The other has left home.

“Where did we go wrong?” her parents are now very sad.Probably nowhere much. At least, no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents.

语篇解读: 本文是一篇关于青少年教育的夹叙夹议的文章，在孩子的教育问题方面，父母亲不应该责备自己，因为他们也没有什么可以做的。75. What is the author' s opinion about the sudden change in teenage children?

A. Parents have no choice but to try to accept it.

B. Parents should pay still sore attention to the change.

C. Parents should work more closely with school teachers.

D. Parents are at fault for the change in their children.

解题分析：观点推断题。结合所举例子和文章主题综合推断。根据文章第一段第一句Parents should stop blaming themselves because there' s not a lot they can do about it.可知关于孩子的教育问题，父母亲不应该责备自己，因为他们也没有什么可以做的。再根据最后一段“Where did we go wrong?” her parents are now very sad. Probably nowhere much. At least, no more than the rest of that unfortunate race, parents.翻译：“我们到底哪里做错了？”他们的家长很伤心。或许没有什么特别做错的地方。至少，不比其余的家长们（不幸的一群人啊）做得差。可知，孩子都会变得非常难以理解，作为父母亲只能接受现实。故A项正确。

2005年北京高考C篇