2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练二文章大意类
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解主旨大意题专练二文章大意类(2017·云南省昆明市高三复习教学质量检测)Two weeks ago, a 7yearold girl, Chloe Bridgewater wrote a letter to Google, expressing her interest in working for the tech company when she gets older. “Dear Google boss, my name is Chloe and when I am bigger I would like a job with Google，” she wrote. “I also want to work in a chocolate factory and do swimming in the Olympics.” The student said she liked computers and had a tablet she played games on. She even showed off a robot game that her dad gave her.It wasn't long before Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google, replied with his own letter on Google website. In a letter dated Feb. 3, Pichai wrote, “Dear Chloe, I'm glad that you like computers and robots, and hope that you will continue to learn about technology. I think if you keep working hard and follow your dreams, you can accomplish everything you set your mind to. I look forward to receiving your job application when you are finished with school！”Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was completely shocked that his daughter received a reply. But he wasn't surprised that she decided to write the letter in the first place. “She's got determination. She doesn't see the barriers that we face every day，” he explained. “If she wants to do it, s he will set out to do it and nothing will stop her.”The father remarked that his daughter began jumping up and down after receiving the letter. Still, he's not in a rush to send his eldest daughter off to work. “Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasn't yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google，” he said.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO Sundar Pichai写信，没想到却收到了Sundar的回信。
【难句分析】Now, my daughter is confident, although she hasn't yet fully understood that it will take more efforts than finishing her study to make it with Google.分析：该句为主从复合句，句中although she hasn't yet... with Google为although 引导的让步状语从句，该从句中又含有that引导的宾语从句that it will take... with Google。
译文：现在，我的女儿很自信，尽管她还没有完全理解要在谷歌工作将需要她付出比完成学业更多的努力。
1．Chloe's letter to Pichai shows us that she ________.A．expects to be one of the Google membersB．has a talent for making robotsC．makes up her mind to study hardD．buries herself in computer games解析：A 考查细节理解。
根据第一段第二句中的“when I am bigger I w ould like a job with Google”可知，她写信给谷歌CEO是希望长大后能在谷歌工作，故A项正确。
2．We can know from the text that ________.A．the girl wrote the letter to Pichai on February 3B．there are two children in Bridgewater's familyC．Andy didn't expect a reply from Pichai at allD．Google is sure to hire Chloe after her graduation解析：C 考查推理判断。
根据第三段的第一句“Her father, Andy Bridgewater told ABC News he was completely shocked that his daughter received a reply”可知，Andy 对于他的女儿能收到回信很惊讶，据此可推知，Andy根本没有指望会收到谷歌CEO的回信，故C项正确。
3．What is the main idea of the text?A．A 7yearold girl gets a job with Google.B．CEO of Google responds to a girl's letter.C．A father forbids his girl to work for Google.D．Google decides to employ its youngest clerk.解析：B 考查主旨大意。
本文主要讲述七岁女孩Chloe Bridgewater给谷歌CEO写信，希望长大后在谷歌公司工作，没想到谷歌CEO给她回了信，鼓励她努力学习，实现梦想。
故选B项。
B(2017·湖北省七市(州)教科研协作体高三联合考试)Are you a social media addict? Are you always checking your smartphone to see how many “likes” you've received for your latest post? Maybe you feel comforted by the sound that someone has sent you a message?Don't worry, you're not alone. We check our phones an average of 150 times a day, and around 30% of the total time spent online is devoted to social media. Some experts now fear this habit could be damaging our mental health.This is something particularly bothering young adults, according to a study fromthe University of Pittsburgh. It found the more they used social media, the more likely they were to be depressed (沮丧的). In tests, those people who checked social media frequently were 2.7 times more likely to be depressed compared to those who spent most of their time generally surfing the Internet, who had just 1.7 times the risk.Some of us certainly feel sad when we're ignored on social media sites, or when we see someone else having a better time than us. But depression is a more serious condition and clinical psychologist, Abigael San, recently told the BBC that, “It's a real issue, and it's been getting significantly worse over the last 5 － 6 years. You can get so hooked that it takes you away from your real relationships.” However, Abigael does admit that social media is more likely to worsen preexisting issues than directly cause them.Other research by the University of Glasgow found that teenagers are affected by the 24hour demand s of their social media accounts. It found that those with higher levels of emotional investment in social media, and who use it at night, were more likely to feel depressed and anxious.Despite these warning signs, why do some of us continue to keep clicking? Well, I suppose we all want to be liked and we don't want to miss out on a conversation that's taking place online. But we need to know when to switch off our virtual (虚拟的) online world and connect with the real world instead.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了社交媒体上瘾的危害及应对策略。
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破二阅读理解第二讲主旨大意题强化训练
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习第二部分题型专题突破二阅读理解第二讲主旨大意题强化训练(2015·石家庄二模)We don’t always get a second chance to achieve our dreams.But some people are lucky，like Matthew McConaughey.Once almost unknown，the actor has recently found himself back on the list of the best actors in Hollywood.His new movie Interstellar is just another sign that his career reinvention has been an incredible success.“The film relies on McConaughey’s performance to hold together the emotional story of a father and his daughter against the background of space travel at the end of the world，”Forbes commented.But only years ago，the Texas native was often the butt of jokes(笑柄) about being too handsome.In 1993，after meeting with director Richard Linklater，McConaughey starred in Dazed and Confused.And a Hollywood career was born，mostly in romantic comedies.For a long time，the whole world believed McConaughey was just a handsome guy with comic talent.But McConaughey stopped starring in that type of movie，and began to use his looks differently.Slowly he built up his reputation as a serious actor.In 2013，McConaughey was offered to play an AIDS activist in Dallas Buyers Club.The role saw the normally muscular actor losing 50 pounds in order to appear sick.His performance won him an Oscar for Best Actor.The actor gave thanks to someone he has always looked up to as a hero during his Oscar acceptance speech.When he was 15，the actor said，he decided that his hero would be himself in 10 years.But 10 years later，he pushed the deadline ahead another decade.Then 10 years later，another decade.“My hero’s always 10 years away，”he said.“I’m never going to attain that.That keeps me with somebody to keep on chasing.”Or perhaps constantly chasing the chance to be his own hero has given him a second chance to pursue his dreams.【解题导语】本文是一篇人物介绍，主要讲述了演员McConaughey因不满足自己所取得的成绩，不断挑战自我，努力向前，最终成为闻名好莱坞的著名演员，成就了自己梦想的故事。
2019届高考英语二轮增分策略：第二部分-主旨大意题(含解析)
考纲解读高中英语教学大纲明确规定“侧重提高阅读能力”，这为我们的备考指明了方向。
分析近几年的高考英语试题,我们不难看出，阅读理解是高考试题中难度最大，区分度最高的题型，自始至终占据着主导地位.阅读理解能力属于语言的领会技能,它不仅考查对语篇的整体把握能力，而且考查快速捕捉信息、准确理解特定细节以及复杂句子的能力。
不仅要准确理解文章表层的意思，还要通过表层去推理、判断。
除此之外，还涉及非语言因素，如:对所学语言国家的社会和文化背景知识的掌握、生活常识、逻辑知识和语言修养等。
考情分析纵观近几年各地英语试卷，阅读理解题有如下特点：1．突出语用，体裁多样,题材丰富阅读理解题体裁分布包括记叙文、说明文、应用文和议论文等，涉及的话题新颖广泛,体现了其多样化、现代化和生活化的特点，综合反映了政治、经济、文化和生活的各个方面，具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点，体现了“语言是文化的载体”这一重要理念。
2．信息密集,句子优美，结构复杂阅读理解题每篇都是以简约的语言负载高含量的信息，要求准确迅速地从特定的语篇中有目的地获取信息。
阅读理解文章的句子原汁原味、语言地道、纯正优美，而且篇章结构和句子结构都有一定的难度。
各篇或在时间顺序上，或在空间顺序上，或在逻辑推理上，均使用了较高级的组篇手段。
结构复杂的长句、倒装句、省略句以及插入语等也随处可见。
3．细节为主，推理随后，主旨突出阅读理解题型分布合理，以细节理解题和推理判断题为主，主旨大意题几乎每年都考。
各个题型的分布已逐步成熟且趋于平稳。
阅读理解分为五大题型:主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和篇章结构题。
考点1 主旨大意之精确归纳标题真题解密Doctors are known to be terrible pilots.They don't listen because they already know it all。
I was lucky：I became a pilot in 1970，almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.I didn't realize then，but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying。
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题文章主旨大意类型典题例举(5页word版)
2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题文章主旨大意类型典题例举[典例] (2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读C节选)Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populated by huntergatherers, small, tightly knit (联系) groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nationstate and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages.The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven.The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1,000; Africa 2,400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800.The median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left.Pick, at random,Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three) or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a questionmark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.31.What is the main idea of the text?A．New languages will be created.B．People’s lifestyles are reflected in languages.C．Human development results in fewer languages.D．Geography determines language evolution.[解析] 选C 第一段说明语言已有几千年的历史，但有一些语言正在消失；第二段说明随着人类社会的发展，语言变得更少；第三段说明语言的分布是不均匀的；第四段介绍了超过400种语言正面临消亡的威胁。
2019年高考英语二轮复习精品资料：专题14：阅读理解 含解析
2019年高考英语二轮复习精品资料：专题14：阅读理解考点1 主旨大意题1.主旨大意题常分为两类：(1)选出文章最佳标题；(2)概括文章或段落大意。
2.主旨大意题主要考查对文章进行概括或总结的能力，它要求在阅读短文时，能够提炼文章的中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用逻辑概括能力，透过字里行间获取文章最具代表性的观点、论点及作者的情感倾向。
研读近几年高考阅读理解，可以发现对主旨大意类的考查占有相当重要的地位。
【答题技巧】主旨大意题的三种思路：①寻找主题句，确定文章大意。
在许多情况下，尤其是在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过寻找短文的主题句来归纳出文章的主题。
主题句在文章中的位置通常有三种情况：开头、中间、结尾(或在开头结尾同时出现首尾呼应的主题句)，因此，仔细阅读这类文章或段落的首尾句是关键。
做主旨概括类试题多采用浏览法，即浏览文章的首段和尾段的首句或尾句或每段的首句或尾句，重点搜索主题信息。
②抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。
寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找各段落中心句的基础上。
各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。
在这个过程中，不能仅依据只言片语或某一段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔的“重心”，考虑文章的材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么，分析故事情节围绕什么发展，最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。
③抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。
不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句隐含在段落中。
阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，继而概括出段落的主题，推导出文章的主旨。
分析的方法是，先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几个方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。
考点2 细节理解题1.此类题型一般分两种情况；直接事实题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常见的类型有对号入座题、是非判断题、语意转换题、表格理解题等)以及间接事实题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换)。
2019-2020全国新高考英语阅读理解主旨大意及作者目的题型专项训练 美国原版素材
AUTHOR’S PURPOSE PRACTICE QUESTIONSRead the passage below and answer question 1.BLACK HISTORY MONTHBlack History Month is unnecessary. In a place and time in which we overwhelmingly elected an African-American president, we can and should move to a post-racial approach to education. As Detroit Free Press columnist Rochelle Riley wrote in a February 1 column calling for an end to Black History Month, “I propose that, for the first time in American history, this country has reached a point where we can stop celebrating separately, stop learning separately, stop being American separately.”In addition to being unnecessary, the idea that African-American history should be focused on in a given month suggests that it belongs in that month alone. Instead, it is important to incorporate African-American history into what is taught every day as American history. It needs to be recreated as part of mainstream thought and not as an optional, often irrelevant, side note. We should focus efforts on pushing schools to diversify and broaden their curricula.There are a number of other reasons to abolish it. First of all, it has become a shallow commercial ritual that does not even succeed in its (limited and misguided) goal of focusing for one month on a sophisticated, intelligent appraisal of the contributions and experiences of African-Americans throughout history. Second, there is a paternalistic flavor to the mandated bestowing of a month in which to study African-American history that is overcome if we instead assert the need for a comprehensive curriculum. Third, the idea of Black History Month suggests that the knowledge imparted in that month is for African-Americans only, rather than for all people.1. The author’s primary purpose in this passage is to…1. Argue that Black History Month should not be so commercial.2. Argue that Black History Month should be abolished.3. Argue that Black History Month should be maintained.4. Suggest that African-American history should be taught in two months rather thanjust one.5. Argue that African-American history is not part of mainstream curriculum.Read the passage below and answer question 2.PARK WILDLIFESequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks support a wide diversity of animal species, reflecting the range in elevation, climate, and habitat variety there. Over 260 native vertebrate species are in the parks; numerous additional species may be present but have not been confirmed. Of the native vertebrates, five species are extirpated (or extinct), and over 150 are rare or uncommon. There have been some studies of invertebrates in the area, but there is not enough information to know how many species occur specifically in the parks. Many of the parks’ caves contain invertebrates, some of which exist only in one cave and are known nowhere else in the world. In the foothills, where summers are hot and dry and winters are mild, plant life is largely chaparral on the lower slopes, with blue oak and California buckeye in the valleys and on higher slopes. A number of animals live in this area year-round; some breed here, while others winter here. Local species include the gray fox, bobcat, striped and spotted skunks, black bear, wood rat, pocket gopher, white-footed mouse, California quail, scrub jay, lesser goldfinch, wrentit, acorn woodpecker, gopher snake, California king snake, striped racer, western whiptail lizard, and the California newt.2. What was the author’s purpose in writing this passage?1. To entertain the reader.2. To bore the reader.3. To persuade the reader.4. To inform the reader.5. To humor the reader.Read the passage below and answer question 3.CALIFORNIA GRAPESGrapes are one of the oldest cultivated fruits. Hieroglyphics show that Egyptians were involved in grape and wine production. Also, the early Romans were known to have developed many grape varieties.Grapes have been grown in California for more than 200 years. The tradition of viticulture (growing grapes) began in 1769 when Spanish friars established missions throughout California. Then the boom in grapes planted for eating arose in the early 1800s. William Wolfskill, founder of California’s citrus industry, planted the first table grape vineyard in 1839 near Los Angeles.By the 1850s, the United States had officially acquired California from Mexico, and 80,000 gold prospectors had moved to the region. A few of these had the foresight to realize that there was money in grapes as well as in gold.Today, California wine, table grapes, and raisins are all important agricultural commodities, with approximately 700,000 acres planted in vineyards. About 85 percent of California’s table grape production is in the southern San Joaquin Valley region, with the Coachella Valley region accounting for most of the remaining production.3. The author most likely wrote this passage to…1. Entertain the reader.2. Persuade the reader.3. Humor the reader.4. Inform the reader.5. Sway the reader.Read the passage below and answer question 4.VISUAL PERCEPTIONIt is tempting to think that your eyes are simply mirrors that reflect whatever is in front of them. Researchers, however, have shown that your brain is constantly working to create the impression of a continuous, uninterrupted world.For instance, in the last 10 minutes, you have blinked your eyes around 200 times. You have probably not been aware of any of these interruptions in your visual world. Something you probably have not seen in a long time without the aid of a mirror is your nose. It is always right there, down in the bottom corner of your vision, but your brain filters it out so that you are not aware of your nose unless you purposefully look at it.Nor are you aware of the artery that runs right down the middle of your retina. It creates a large blind spot in your visual field, but you never notice the hole it leaves. To see this blind spot, try the following: Cover your left eye with your hand. With your right eye, look at the O on the left. As you move your head closer to the O, the X will disappear as it enters the blind spot caused by your optical nerve.O XYour brain works hard to make the world look continuous!4. What is the main purpose of this passage?1. To persuade the reader to pay close attention to blind spots.2. To explain the way visual perception works.3. To persuade the reader to consult an optometrist if the O and X disappear.4. To prove that vision is a passive process.Read the passage below and answer question 5.OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDEROn a bad day, have you ever been irritable? Have you ever used a harsh tone or even been verbally disrespectful to your parents or teachers? Everyone has a short temper from time to time, but current statistics indicate that between 16 and 20 percent of a school’s population suffer from a psychological condition known as oppositional defiant disorder, or ODD.ODD symptoms include difficulty complying with adult requests, excessive arguments with adults, temper tantrums, difficulty accepting responsibility for actions, low frustration tolerance, and behaviors intended to annoy or upset adults. Parents of children with ODD often feel as though their whole relationship is based on conflict after conflict. Unfortunately, ODD can be caused by a number of factors. Some students affected by ODD suffer abuse, neglect, and severe or unpredictable discipline at home. Others have parents with mood disorders or have experienced family violence. Various types of therapy are helpful in treating ODD, and some drugs can treat particular symptoms. However, no single cure exists.The best advice from professionals is directed toward parents. Therapists encourage parents to avoid situations that usually end in power struggles, to try not to feed into oppositional behavior by reacting emotionally, to praise positive behaviors, and to discourage negative behaviors with timeouts instead of harsh discipline.5. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to…1. Express frustration about ODD.2. Prove that parents are the cause of ODD.3. Inform the reader about this complex condition.4. Persuade the reader to keep students with ODD out of public school.Read the passage below and answer question 6.EARLY POLITICAL PARTIESThe United States has always been a pluralistic society, meaning it has embraced many points of view and many groups with different identities from its beginning. That is not to say that these groups always saw eye to eye. The first political parties developed in the United States as a result of conflicting visions of the American identity. Many politicians believed that wealthy merchants and lawyers represented the country’s true identity, but many others saw it in the farmers and workers who formed the country’s economic base. The event that brought this disagreement to the surface was the creation of the Bank of the United States in 1791. The bank set out to rid the country of the debts it had accumulated during the American Revolution. Until then, each state was responsible for its own debts. The Bank of the United States, however, wanted to assume these debts and pay them off itself. While many people considered this offer to be a good financial deal for the states, many states were uncomfortable with the arrangement because they saw it as a power play by the federal government. If a central bank had control over the finances ofindividual states, then the people who owned the bank would profit from the states in the future. This concern was the basis of the disagreement: Who should have more power, the individual states or the central government?The Democratic-Republican Party developed to protest the bank, but it came to represent a vision of America with power spread among states. The Federalist Party was established in defense of the bank, but its ultimate vision was of a strong central government that could help steer the United States toward a more competitive position in the world economy. These different points of view-central government versus separate states-would not be resolved easily. These same disagreements fueled the tension that erupted into the Civil War over half a century later.6. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?1. To persuade the reader to accept the Federalist Party’s point of view.2. To explain the disagreements between early American political parties.3. To explain the importance of a strong central government.4. To criticize the founders of the Bank of the United States.Read the passage below and answer question 7.PERIMENOPAUSEFor most women, the onset of menopause, the period of life when they no longer experience menstrual periods, is gradual. Perimenopause is the time leading up to menopause, an interval when menopause-related changes begin to be noticed. This is the lengthy period during which the ovaries progressively reduce production of the hormones estrogen and progesterone, and a woman’s ability to become pregnant is lost. Perimenopause is a normal event in the process of aging, and indicates that the reproductive years are coming to an end.Most women experience the first signs of perimenopause around the age of forty. The first signs likely to be noticed are menopause-related symptoms, such as changes in periods. Menopause itself is said to occur on the day a period has not been experienced for 12 months in a row. Although it is sometimes referred to as “premenopause,” perimenopause is also often considered to include the year after menopause occurs.During the onset of menopause, the body’s output of several key hormones fluctuates and begins to shut down. Because hormones influence a wide spectrum of body functions, women may experience a variety of symptoms during this process. The symptoms of perimenopause are both physical and emotional and often begin years before a woman’s period actually ceases. The cessation of ovulation known as menopause isn’t a process that happens overnight; over a protracted period of several years, a woman’s body undergoes a progression of changes.SymptomsMany of the symptoms a woman may experience during menopause itself have their onset during the time of perimenopause. Most symptoms can be managed through a combination of diet and exercise. Most women are not immediately aware of the changes their bodies are going through as a result of these hormonal fluctuations and will become aware of changes in the schedule of their periods as the first indication that menopause is at hand. Symptoms experienced during perimenopause include headaches, depression and anxiety, hot flashes and night sweats, insomnia and fatigue, urinary problems and vaginal dryness, weight gain, heart palpitations, and loss of bone mass. Women who have experienced excessive premenstrual syndrome (PMS) symptoms in the past are also likely to experience severe symptoms during perimenopause.Onset and DurationPerimenopause usually takes place between the ages of 45 and 55. In some women, the onset may occur much earlier. The duration of the change is quite variable from woman to woman and may last for as long as 15 years, although 10 years is typical. The timing and progression of the changes varies between individuals, depending on a number of factors including genetics and family history. A woman whose mother or grandmother experienced perimenopause early is likely to do so as well. There is also evidence linking an early onset of perimenopause to factors such as smoking, early childhood cancer, hysterectomy, and women who have not had children.TreatmentThe symptoms of perimenopause are a normal manifestation of the aging process and do not ordinarily require treatment. Some physicians may choose to monitor the levels of certain hormones-particularly thyroid function-if the symptoms are severe. Under normal circumstances, this is unnecessary. However, if bleeding is extremely heavy, lasts longer than a week, or occurs between periods, a medical professional should be consulted. Symptoms such as these may indicate a more serious underlying gynecological problem.7. The purpose of this article is to…1. Describe the treatment of perimenopause.2. Enumerate the symptoms that women may experience when going throughperimenopause.3. Give an overall description of perimenopause.4. Compare perimenopause to menopause itself.Read the passage below and answer questions 8-9.DISCUSSION OF NATIVE SPEAKER, BY CHANG-RAE LEEChang-Rae Lee’s award-winning debut novel “Native Speaker” is about Henry Park, a Korean-American individual who struggles to find his place as an immigrant in a suburb of New York City. This novel addresses the notion that as the individuals who know us best, our family, peers, and lovers are the individuals who direct our lives and end up defining us. Henry Park is confronted with this reality in the very beginning of the novel, which opens:The day my wife left she gave me a list of who I was.Upon separating from his wife, Park struggles with racial and ethnic identity issues due to his loneliness. Through Park’s work as an undercover operative for a private intelligence agency, the author presents the theme of espionage as a metaphor for the internal divide that Park experiences as an immigrant. This dual reality creates two worlds for Park and increases his sense of uncertainty with regard to his place in society. While he constantly feels like an outsider looking in, he also feels like he belongs to neither world.Chang-Rae Lee is also a first-generation Korean-American immigrant. He immigrated to America at the early age of 3. Themes of identity, race, and cultural alienation pervade his works. His interests in these themes no doubt stem from his firsthand experience as a kid growing up in a Korean household while going to an American school. Lee is also author of “A Gesture Life” and “Aloft.” The protagonists are similar in that they deal with labels placed on them based on race, color, and language. Consequently, all of these characters struggle to belong in America.Lee’s novels address differences within a nation’s mix of race, religion, and history, and the necessity of assimilation between cultures. In his works and through his characters, Lee shows us both the difficulties and the subtleties of the immigrant experience in America. He urges us to consider the role of borders, as well as why the idea of opening up one’s borders is so frightening. In an ever-changing world in which cultures are becoming increasingly intermingled, the meaning of identity must be constantly redefined,especially when the security of belonging to a place is becoming more elusive. As our world grows smaller with increasing technological advances, these themes in Lee’s novels become even more pertinent.8. Which of the following best describes the purpose of this passage?1. To criticize2. To analyze3. To entertain4. To inform9. Why does the author of the passage quote the first line of the novel “Native Speaker”?1. To illustrate one of the themes in the novel.2. To show how the book is semi-autobiographical.3. It is the main idea of the novel.4. To create interest in the novel.Answers & Explanations1. BThe entire passage makes the argument that Black History Month should be abolished, offering various reasons why this is the best course of action, as in answer choice B. Each of the other answer choices offers a method of changing or maintaining the existing celebration of Black History Month, rather than abolishing it. Therefore, they are incorrect.2. DBecause the author structures the passage using main idea and detail and gives many facts, the reader can determine the purpose of this passage is to inform, as in answer choice D. Even if the reader did not find this passage to be entertaining, as in answer choice A, it is unlikely that the author would take the time to write a piece with the intent to bore the readers, so option B can be easily eliminated. Nor is there any attempt within the passage to make an argument for any particular position and, thus, persuade the reader ofa certain viewpoint. Therefore, option C also does not apply.3. DBecause the author structures the passage using chronological order and gives many facts and details, the reader can quickly determine that the purpose of this passage is to inform, as in answer choice D. Even if the reader did not find this passage to be entertaining, as in answer choice A, it is unlikely that the author would take the time to write a piece with the intent to bore the readers, so B can be easily eliminated. Nor is there any attempt within the passage to make an argument for any particular position and, thus, persuade the reader of a certain viewpoint. Therefore, option C also does not apply.4. BThe passage explains the way that visual perception works. Choice B is, therefore, the best answer. The author does not attempt to persuade the reader or prove a particular viewpoint. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect.5. CThis passage explores numerous facets of ODD and is meant to inform the reader about this psychological condition. Choice C is the best choice. Although parental frustration is noted, it is not the primary focus, making option A incorrect. Likewise, despite the fact that parental behavior as a contributor is mentioned, parents are not overtly blamed for ODD. Answer choice B is, therefore, not the correct choice. Option D does note that a relatively high percentage of students have ODD, but this passage nowhere implies that they should be kept out of school because of it, so D should also be eliminated.6. BThis passage does not choose one point of view on the issue, so only choice B is in keeping with the passage’s purpose, which is to explain the disagreements between the earliest political parties in the United States. All other answer choices would need to reflect the author’s preference for a particular position in order to be valid options.7. CWhile the article does describe some treatments, as in option A, it points out that these are seldom necessary. And although it does enumerate symptoms, as with B, this is only a portion of the overall purpose of the article, which is broader than a listing of symptoms. The passage also does not delve into a lengthy comparison of perimenopause and menopause, eliminating option D. This article clearly encompasses a general description of the condition, making C the correct choice.8. BThe passage neither criticizes (A) nor entertains (C), so these two options may be quickly removed from the list of viable choices. It does provide information, as in option D. However, the writer goes beyond straightforward presentation of facts and into analysis of the details and underlying meaning. It explores the “why.” This piece was written to analyze the works by Chang-Rae Lee and the themes presented in his most famous novels. Answer choice B most clearly expresses this purpose.9. AThe author of this passage uses the first line of the novel to provide an example of one of the themes of the novel. By showing a direct example, the writer is illustrating the theme-option A-and goes on to discuss that very point in the passage. Although the piece does express certain parallels between Lee’s experience as a Korean-American and the character’s, it is nowhere suggested that the novel is semi-autobiographical, rendering option B incorrect. The main idea of the novel (C) and any suggestion that the reader of the passage should also read the novel (D) are nowhere stated, so these two answer choices are also incorrect.READING MAIN IDEA PRACTICE QUESTIONSRead the passage below and answer question 1.Americans have always been interested in their Presidents’ wives. Many First Ladies have been remembered because of the ways they have influenced their husbands. Other First Ladies have made the history books on their own.At least two First Ladies, Bess Truman and Lady Bird Johnson, made it their business to send signals during their husbands’ speeches. When Lady Bird Johnson thought her husband was talking too long, she wrote a note and sent it up to the platform. It read, “It’s time to stop!” And he did. Once Bess Truman didn’t like what her husband was saying on television, so she phoned him and said, “If you can’t talk more politely than that in public, you come right home.”Abigail Fillmore and Eliza Johnson actually taught their husbands, Millard Fillmore and Andrew Johnson, the thirteenth and seventeenth Presidents. A schoolteacher, Abigail eventually married her pupil, Millard. When Eliza Johnson married Andrew, he could not read or write, so she taught him herself.It was First Lady Helen Taft’s idea to plant the famous cherry trees in Washington, D.C. Each spring these blossoming trees attract thousands of visitors to the nation’s capital. Mrs. Taft also influenced the male members of her family and the White House staff in a strange way: she convinced them to shave off their beards!Shortly after President Woodrow Wilson suffered a stroke, Edith Wilson unofficially took over most of the duties of the Presidency until the end of her husband’s term. Earlier, during World War I, Mrs. Wilson had sheep brought onto the White House lawn to eat the grass. The sheep not only kept the lawn mowed, but provided wool for an auction sponsored by the First Lady. Almost $100,000 was raised for the Red Cross.Dolly Madison saw to it that a magnificent painting of George Washington was not destroyed during the War of 1812. As the British marched toward Washington, D.C., she remained behind to rescue the painting, even after the guards had left. The painting is the only object from the original White House that was not burned.One of the most famous First Ladies was Eleanor Roosevelt, the wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. She was active in political and social causes throughout her husband’s tenure in office. After his death, she became famous for her humanitarian work in the United Nations. She made life better for thousands of needy people around the world.1. What is the main idea of this passage?1. The Humanitarian work of the First Ladies is critical in American government.2. Dolly Madison was the most influential president’s wife.3. Eleanor Roosevelt transformed the First Lady image.4. The First Ladies are important figures in American culture.5. The First Ladies are key supporters of the Presidents.Read the passage below and answer question 2.Of the many kinds of vegetables grown all over the world, which remains the favorite of young and old alike? The potato, of course.Perhaps you know them as “taters,”“spuds,” or “Kennebees,” or as “chips,”“Idahoes,” or even “shoestrings.” No matter, a potato by any other name is still a potato- the world’s most widely grown vegetable. As a matter of fact, if you are an average potato eater, you will put away at least 100 pounds of them each year.That’s only a tiny portion of the amount grown every year, however. Worldwide, the annual potato harvest is over 6 billion bags. Each bag contains 100 pounds of potatoes, some of them as large as four pounds each. Here in the United States, farmers fill about 400 million bags a year. That may seem like a lot of “taters,” but it leaves the United States a distant third among world potato growers. Polish farmers dig up just over 800 million bags a year, while the Russians lead the world with nearly 1.5 billion bags.The first potatoes were grown by the Incas of South America, more than 400 years ago. Their descendants in Ecuador and Chile continue to grow the vegetable as high as 14,000 feet up in the Andes Mountains. (That’s higher than any other food will grow.) Early Spanish and English explorers shipped potatoes to Europe, and they found their way to North America in the early 1600s.People eat potatoes in many ways-baked, mashed, and roasted, to name just three. However, in the United States most potatoes are devoured in the form of French fries. One fast-food chain alone sells more than $1 billion worth of fries each year. No wonder, then, that the company pays particular attention to the way its fries are prepared.Before any fry makes it to the people who eat at these popular restaurants, it must pass many separate tests. Fail any one of these tests and the potato is rejected. To start with, only Russet Burbank potatoes are used. These Idaho potatoes have less water content than other kinds, which can have as much as 80 percent water. Once cut into “shoestrings” shapes, the potatoes are partly fried in a secret blend of oils, sprayed with liquid sugar to brown them, steam dried at high heat, then flash frozen for shipment to individual restaurants.Before shipping, every shoestring is measured. Forty percent of a batch must be between two and three inches long. Another 40 percent has to be over three inches. What about the 20 percent that are left in the batch? Well, a few short fries in a bag are okay, it seems. So, now that you realize the enormous size and value of the potato crop, you can understand why most people agree that this part of the food industry is no “small potatoes.”2. What is the main idea of this passage?1. Potatoes from Ireland started the Potato Revolution.2. The average American eats 50 pounds of potatoes a year.3. French fries are made from potatoes.4. Potatoes are a key vegetable in America.5. The various terms for potatoes have a long history.Read the passage below and answer question 3.What does the word “patent” mean to you? Does it strike you as being something rather remote from your interests? If it does, stop and think a moment about some of the commonplace things that you use every day, those objects that you take for granted as part of the world around you. The telephone, radio, television, automobile, and the 1,001 other things (even the humble safety pin) that enrich our lives today once existed only as ideas in the minds of men. If it had not been possible to patent their ideas and thus protect them against copying by others, these inventions might never have been fully developed to serve mankind.If there were no patent protection there would be little incentive to invent and innovate, for once the details of an invention became known, hordes of imitators who did not share the inventor’s risks and expenses might well flood the market with their copies of his product and reap much of the benefit of his efforts. The technological progress that has made America great would wither rapidly under conditions such as these.The fundamental principles in the United States patent structure came from England. During the glorious reign of Queen Elizabeth I in England, the expanding technology was furthered by the granting of exclusive manufacturing and selling privileges to citizens who had invented new processes or tools-a step that did much to encourage creativity. Later, when critics argued that giving monopoly rights to one person infringed on the rights of others, an important principle was added to the patent structure: The Lord Chief Justice of England stated that society had everything to gain and nothing to lose by granting exclusive privileges to an inventor, because a patent for an invention was granted for something new that society never had before.Another basic principle was brought into law because certain influential people in England had managed to obtain monopoly control over such age-old products as salt, and had begun charging as much as the people could tolerate. The public outcry became so great that the government was forced to decree that monopoly rights could be awarded only to。
完整2019高考英语二轮专题复习之阅读理解主旨大意题共91张
(3)选定标题的四大标准： 精——概括文章中心思想的语言要精练。 准——注意文章的内涵和外延，作者的观点表达得要准确。 统——标题要能统领文章的细节信息。 新——标题要新颖，对读者有吸引力，能激发读者的阅读兴趣。
三、解题方法与步骤 做这类题时常用略读法。略读法是抓段落要点的捷径。找出 各个段落的主题句，然后把它们联系起来就很容易概括出文章的 中心思想。 文章的标题是中心思想最精练的表达，标题要能概括文章的 主题，范围既不能过大也不能太片面。此外，在选择文章标题时， 还应注意语言方面的特点：精练、醒目、含义深刻等。 做题时要注意以下步骤： 1．先看问题，看题目是否和主旨、标题相关。 2．略读各个段落，找出主题句，要特别注意首尾两段。 3．联系主题句，概括主旨或标题。
The eight－part series(系列节目)，Save Money：Good Food， follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money：Good Health，which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.
2．做题方法 (1)要想正确解题，首先要了解标题的基本特点：浓缩性强， 多为一个短语；涵盖面广，一般要求能覆盖全文；精确度高，不 能随意改变文章的内容及要点信息。 (2)选定标题的基本原则。 ①要在阅读原文的基础上，仔细考虑所给选项与文章主题是 否有密切的联系。
②看它对文章的概括是否准确，覆盖面是否够广。注意避免 下列三种错误：
(完整版)2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解精选(1)
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习阅读理解精选（1）由 (xx四川广元高三第一次高考适应性统考)改编The ball struck the bat and flew high, above the infield. I gasped (倒抽气). Oh my gosh, it’s heading for Mitzi, Mitzi will never catch it. I don’t think she has ever caught a fly ball in her life. I wish Coach Jim wouldn’t have put her into the game. I know it’s the rule that all girls play, but I want to win. Mitzi just wants to have fun playing softball (垒球).I wish she hadn’t joined our team.So far we’ve won nine games. If we win this one, we’ ll have w on—all of our games and be the champions, Oh, gosh, look at Coach Jim. He’s standing up and watching the flight of the ball too and I bet he’s thinking the same thing that I am. If Mitzi doesn’t catch it, the other team will score and the game will be over. I’ve got a sick feeling in my stomach. I can’t look, but I have to. Look at her. She has her glove down by her side and she’s moving around.Now the ball is starting to e down. Mitzi isn’t moving anymore and she isn’t back far enough. It’s going over her head. I can hear our coach yelling from the bench. Back up Mitzi. Back up. Oh, God, I want to win this game so bad. Please let Mitzi catch the ball.It’s there. The ball has slammed into her glove and Mitzi’s arm is back over her shoulder. I’m closing my eyes. I can’t look anymore.It’s that? I hear a yell and then another one. I don’ t want to look. It must be the girls on the other team yelling. But that sounds like Mitzi yelling. I ’m going to peek (偷看).Mitzi is jumping up and down with her glove held high above her head and sticking out of the top of her glove, like an ice cream in a cone (圆锥体), is the softball. Mitzi caught the ball. We’re the champions.Mitzi, Mitzi. That was a great catch. I’m so glad you’re playing on our team.1.What does the autho r mean when she says “he’s thinking the same thing”?()A.The coach wishes Mitzi hadn’t joined their team.B.The coach hopes Mitzi will catch the ball.C.The coach thinks their team will win all the games.D.The coach thinks Mitzi will miss the ball.2.The author writes the first three paragraphs toA.make Mitzi’s latter performance look more strikingB.indicate that Mitzi is an excellent playerC.indicate the match will be a very close oneD.tell the readers that their team is a strong one3.Which of the following statements is TRUE?( )A.Hearing the yelling, the author was sure their team had won.B.The girls of the other team began to yell, for their team won.C.Mitzi succeeded in the end with the coach’s encouragement.D.Mitzi seemed confident of catching the ing softball.4.What is the best title for the text?( )A.A Close Softball Match.B.A Wonderful Catch.C.Don’t Lose Heart.D.My Friend Mitzi.语篇解读:Mitzi的同学和教练都不看好她的垒球技术,但在最后的关键比赛中,她的成功接球为全队赢得冠军起了至关重要的作用,令同学和教练刮目相看。
2020年高考二轮复习：主旨大意题专练(2)
主旨大意题专练(二)——标题归纳类A(2018·青岛市高三统一质量检测) Four days after Dad's 67th birthday, he had a heart attack. He was lucky —he survived. But something inside him had died. His enthusiasm for life was gone.My husband and I asked Dad to live with us on our small farm, hoping the fresh air would help him adjust. Within a week after he moved in, I regretted the invitation. He criticized everything I did. I became frustrated.One day I read an article about a nursing home. Several depressed patients' attitudes had improved dramatically when they were given dogs. So, I drove to the animal shelter that afternoon. As soon as I got there, a pointer's (指示犬) eyes caught my attention. They watched me calmly.A staff member said, “He got here two weeks ago and we've heard nothin g. His time is up tomorrow.” I turned to the man in horror. “You mean you're going to kill him？”“Ma'am，” he said gently. “We don't have room for every unclaimed dog.”The pointer's calm brown eyes awaited my decision. “I'll take him，” I said.Glancing at the dog, Dad wrinkled his face and turned back toward the house. Then, suddenly, the pointer pulled free from my grasp. He sat down in front of Dad. Dad's anger melted, and soon he was hugging the animal.It was the beginning of a warm friendship. Dad named the pointer Cheyenne. Together they spent long hours walking down dusty lanes and relaxing on the banks of streams.Dad's bitterness faded, and he and Cheyenne went on to make many friends. Then, late one night two years later, I felt Cheyenne's cold nose searching through my bed covers. He had never come into our bedroom before at night. I ran into my father's room and found that he had passed away.Two days later, my shock and grief deepened when I discovered Cheyenne lying dead beside Dad's bed. As I buried him near their favorite stream, I silently thanked the dog for restoring Dad's peace of mind.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
2019届高考英语二轮复习精准阅读理解-主旨大意二
高考专题阅读理解---主旨大意二1、Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times therehas been less coming and a lot more going. When the world was still populatedbyhunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when theworld had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, andtheir languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade, industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsoryeducation,especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades, allhave caused many languages todisappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.At present, the world has about 6,800 languages. The distribution of these languages ishugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, oftenspoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. Europehas only around 200 languages; the Americas about1,000; Africa 2 400; and Asia andthe Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. Themedian number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6,000, which means that half the world’slanguages are spoken by fewer people than that.Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150), Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.1.What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?A.They developed very fast.B.They were large in number.C.They had similar patterns.D.They were closely connected.2.Which of the following best explains “dominant” underlined in paragraph 2?plex.B.Advanced.C.Powerful.D.Modern.3.How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people at present?A.About 6,800B.About 3,400C.About 2,400D.About 1,2004.What is the main idea of the text?A.New languages will be created.B.People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.C.Human development results in fewer languages.D.Geography determines language evolution.2、I was really nervous about English class this year because I was an eleventh grader taking a twelfth grade class.I knew that I wouldn’t know anyone in the class,and that scared me a little.But since I didn’t know anyone,I had the chance to do something I love almost as much as socializing—people watching.One of the most interesting girls in the class sat directly behind me.She was always laughing and talking,and she just seemed so happy.She was friendly,too—she was one of the very few people in the class who made any attempt to acknowledge me.At the end of the year,we were assigned a big project.It was a very open-ended project,where the instructions were basically to read something,then read or watch something else that related to it,and then come up with a class presentation based on what you learned.The presentations were spread out over the last month of schoo1.The girl behind me presented on one of the very last days.She got up in front of the class,and told how she had read about eating disorders,because she herself had struggled with one.Since it would have been too difficult for herto talk to us about it directly,she and a friend(who had also suffered from an eating disorder)had made a movie,where they interviewed each other about their eating disorders,how they had felt while they were struggling with them,and how they had overcome them.By the end of the presentation,almost everyone was in tears.The most shocking thing about the whole presentation was how surprising it was.I never expected that she would have had a problem like that.She always seemed so happy and confident;it was hard to picture her counting calories because she thought she wasn’t good enough.You also never know what kind of impact you have had on people’s lives.The courage of the girl behind me to talk about something so personal,and her strength to ask for help and overcome her problems have inspired me.1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.The writer was a twelfth-grader.B.The writer liked observing people.C.English was the writer’s weak subject.D.The writer had a few friends in the class.2.How did the writer find the girl friendly?A.She sat directly behind the writer.B.She attempted to disturb the writer.C.She was always laughing and talking.D.She said hello to the writer in some way.3.What is the 4th paragraph mainly about?A.The girl’s presentation.B.Eating disorders.C.A successful interview.D.A moving movie.4.What did the writer finally realize?A.The girl wasn’t good enough.B.The girl was always happy and confident.C.It takes long to really know a person.D.It is easy to overcome one’s problems.4、On a college camping trip, curiosity about waves and sand caused Rob Thieler to study shorelines around the world. Thirty years later and now a U.S. Geological Survey research geologist, Thieler, is combining science and smartphone technology to help study an endangered bird, the Atlantic.Coast piping plover.The piping plover is a shorebird that breeds(繁殖)along the Atlantic Coast, the Great Lakesand the Great Plains. Rising sea levels associated with climate change, as well as increased development in their beach habitats(栖息地), threaten the species(物种). To help track changes in piping plover habitats, Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012. This is a marked change from the typical way scientists collect data, which involves gathering information using specialized equipment or writing in notebooks and then putting into spreadsheets.Since releasing iPlover, scientists have gathered data across 1500 km of breeding range. Thatequals about a third of the distance across the U.S., which is a large area to cover for only two thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the east coast. Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site, a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data, allowing scientists to gather data more efficiently. It also allows them to collect data at the same time during each breeding season, providing a better picture of changes that happen over longer periods of time. And fast, centralized access means scientists can look at data quickly to get a real-time idea of where and how piping plovers are using their habitats.While iPlover is used by trained field staff, other apps like the U. S. Geologi cal Survey’sweb-based “iCoast—Did the Coast Change?” invite citizen scientists to identify coastal changes by comparing bird’s-eye-view photographs taken before and after storms. All the information scientists and citizen scientists alike collect helps federal and state agencies create policy plans for addressing climate change impacts (影响) worldwide.1.What can we know about the piping plover?A.Its behaviour is changing.B.Its habitat is growing bigger.C.Its living environment is becoming worse.D.Its breeding is limited to the Atlantic Coast.2.Why did Thieler develop iPlover?A.To study shorelines across America.B.To advance information technology.C.To find out global climate change.D.To monitor changes of piping plover habitats.3.Which of the following benefits the shorebirds?A.The camping equipment.B.Research on smartphones.C.The changeable coast.D.Progress in technology.4.What would be the best title of the text?A.Protecting Endangered ShorebirdsB.Rob Thieler, a Creative ScientistC.IPlover, Tool for Training Field StaffD.Differences Between IPlover and ICoast5、Stonehenge,the world-famous circle of stone columns may have had a brother. A much bigger, older brother.University of Bradford researchers announced they had discovered about 100 stones covering several acres thought to have been built around 4,500 years ago. The Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project discovered the monument, which is near Durrington Walls,also known as “superhenge”. Stonehenge,which is believed to have bee n completed 3,500 years ago,is about 2 miles away. “What we are starting to see is the largest surviving stone monument, preserved underneath a bank, that has ever been discovered in Britain and possibly in Europe,” Vince Gaffney.The evidence was found under 3 feet of earth. Some of the stones are thought to have stood 15 feet tall before they were toppled. “Our radar data has shown an amazing row of up to 90 standing stones,a number of which have survived after being pushed over, and a large bank placed over thestones,” said professor Wolfgang Neubauer, director of the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Archaeological Prospection and Virtual Archaeology.“In the east,up to 30 stones. " have survived below,” he said. “The extraordinary scale and details of the evidence produced by the Stonehenge Hidden Landscapes Project, which the new discoveries at Durrington Walls, is changing greatly our understanding of Stonehenge and the world around it,” Neubauer added.“Everything written before about the St onehenge landscape and the ancient monuments within it will need to be rewritten,” said Paul Garwood, a scientist and lead historian on the project at the University of Birmingham. The findings were announced on the first day of the British Science Festival being held at the University of Bradford.pared to the Stonehenge,the superhenge is believed to be _______.A.1,000 years earlierB.1,000 years laterC.3,500 years earlierD.4,500 years earlier2.What do researchers think of the superhenge?A.It is the biggest monument discovered in the world.B.It was built much later than the Stonehenge.C.It is the largest surviving stone monument found in England.D.It is better protected than the Stonehenge.3.What do the underlined word “toppled” most probably mean?A.Set up.B.Pushed down.C.Moved away.D.Brought up.4.What is the best title of the passage?A.The southern England has many historic sitesB.The British Science Festival will be held againC.Bigger Brother to Stonehenge has been discoveredD.The Project at the University of Birmingham6、There were many great artists during the Renaissance. Perhaps the most famous are Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Other artists, however, also had great influence both during Renaissance times and later.Giotto di Bondone (1267 -1337) : Giotto is the first painter to be considered a Renaissance artist. He was hired to paint a Fresco in a family chapel(教堂)in Padua, Italy,known as the Arena Chapel. Fresco is a painting made on a wall while the plaster(灰泥) is still wet. Many people consider Giotto to be the father of the modem period of art.Jan van Eyck ( 1390 - 1441 ) : Jan van Eyck's early influences more than likely came from his brother Hubert. In fact, Jan would sometimes finish his brother’s works. The Ghent Altarpiece is an example of Jan finishing what Hubert started. Jan van Eyck perfected the technique of oil painting. He is often known as “the father of oil painting” because of all the new techniques and advances he made in oil painting.Masaccio (1401 -1428) : Masaccio was a famous painter of the Italian Renaissance. He lived a very short life and only a few of his paintings exist, but they were so different to the style of other artists around him that they helped other painters to see things in a new way. Masaccio is often called " the father of Renaissance painting". He introduced the painting of lifelike figures that had not been done previously in the Middle Ages.Raphael Sanzio (1483 - 1520): Raphael's paintings were known for their perfection. He was first taught art by his father. He also learned early techniques from Michelangelo and da Vinci. Raphael's influence on art has been great. He changed the way people looked at art, since he painted real life and emotions. He was one of the most detailed portraitists ever, and is considered as the genius(天才) of the High Renaissance.1.Who is considered to be the father of the modern period of art?A.Masaccio.B.Jan van Eyck.C.Raphael Sanzio.D.Giotto di Bondone.2.What was Masaccio’s co ntribution to the Renaissance art in the Middle Ages?A.He perfected the technique of oil painting.B.He was the first one to paint lifelike figures.C.He was the first one to paint on a wet plaster wall.D.He finished the Ghent Altarpiece started by Hubert.3.What do we know about Raphael Sanzio from the passage?A.He died in his twenties.B.He only had a few paintings.C.His father was his first art teacher.D.He was the most famous portraitist.4.What does the writer mainly intend to tell us?A.Some artists during the Renaissance.B.The history of the Renaissance.C.The success of some great people.D.Leonardo da Vinci and his friends.7、It was dawn of March 21, 2018. Gary Messina was on his morning run along New York City’8East River. Suddenly somet hing caught his eye—a large 60-year-old man balancing on the four-foot-high fence that guarded the path from the water. As Messina got closer to the scene, the man took a step forward and slipped into the dark river below.When Messina reached nearer, the man was struggling in the water, clearly unable to swim. Other joggers also heard the man’s cry. David Blauzvern and John Green dropped their phones and keys on land and jumped in.. “ People had called the police, but it was unclear when they’d get the re,” says Green. “We just reacted. Messina joined them in the river. Just as the jumper was losing strength, Blauzvern take hold of him. The pair were about 30 yards from the seawall when Messina and Green caught up to them. They seized the man, with Blauzvern supporting his back and Messina and Green holding him up from either side. As the men made their way toward the concrete seawall that stretched for blocks in each direction, Blauzvern had an awful realization:there was no way out of the river.By now, a crowd had gathered on land. “A rescue boat is on its way, someone yelled to them. Swimming forward was getting tougher by the minute. The jumper, who was six foot two andweighed around 260 pounds, was heavy in his rescuers’ arms. After ten minutes, they managed to get to the river’s edge. “I’ve never been so out of breath , ”says Blauzvern.Fifteen minutes after the men had jumped into the river, the two-man rescue boat appeared. But because it couldn’t risk getting too close to the seawall, the men had to swim out to it. “I was completely out of energy at this point, “ says Blauzver. The men in the water pushed the jumper while the men in the boat pulled him up and, finally, to safety. The man they had saved was taken to the hospital for evaluation(评估). Details on his condition have not been released. As for the rescuers, each of them was at work by 10:30a. m. “I was a bit late,” admits Blauzvern, smiling. “But I had a good excuse.”1.The story mainly centers around_________.A.why the old man slipped into the riverB.who saved . the old manC.how the old man was rescuedD.when and where the accident happened2.Who was the third to jump into the water and join in the rescue?A.Gary Messina.B.David Blauzvern.C.John Green.D.An unknown jogger.3.Of the following statements, which one sounds reasonable based on the passage?A.The rescued man is rather tall and fat.B.Police would never be found on the spot of rescue.C.The process of rescuing the man took up the whole morning.D.The man was actually saved by the two-man rescue boat.4.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?A.The man wanted to commit suicide in the river.B.The men in the river were all good swimmers.C.The man was taken home immediately he was saved.D.Blauzvern felt at ease even if he was late for work that day.8、The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing.Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interru pted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.1.What does the author say about silence in conversations?A.It implies anger.B.It promotes friendship.C.It is culture-specific.D.It is content-based.2.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?A.The Chinese.B.The French.C.The Mexicans.D.The Russians.3.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.B.Break it while treating patients.C.Evaluate its harm to patients.D.Make use of its healing effects.4.What may be the best title for the text?A.Sound and SilenceB.What It Means to Be SilentC.Silence to Native AmericansD.Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold3、In 1943, when I was 4, my parents moved from Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, to Fairbanks, Alaska, where adventure was never very far away.We arrived in the summer, just in time to enjoy the midnight sun. All that sunlight was fantastic for Mom's vegetable garden. Working in the garden at midnight tended to throw her timing off, so she didn't care much about my bedtime.Dad was a Railway Express agent and Mom was his clerk. That left me in a mess. I usually managed to find some trouble to get into. Once I had a little Are going in the dirt basement of a hotel. I had tried to light a barrel(桶) of paint but couldn't really get a good fire going. The smoke got pretty bad, though, and when I made my exit, a crowd and the police were there to greet me. The policemen took my matches and drove me home.Mom and Dad were occupied in the garden and Dad told the police to keep me, and they did! I had a tour of the prison before Mom rescued me. I hadn't turned 5 yet.As I entered kindergarten, the serious cold began to set in. Would it surprise you to know that I soon left part of my tongue on a metal handrail at school?As for Leonhard Seppala, famous as a dog sledder(驾雪橇者), I think I knew him well because I was taken for a ride with his white dog team one Sunday. At the time I didn't realize what a superstar he was, but I do remember the ride well. I was wrapped(包裹) heavily and wellsheltered from the freezing and blowing weather.In 1950, we moved back to Coeur d'Alene, but we got one more Alaskan adventure when Leonhard invited us eight years later by paying a visit to Idaho to attend a gathering of former neighbors of Alaska.1.What can be inferred about the author's family?A.His father was a cruel man.B.His parents didn't love him.C.His parents used to be very busy.D.His mother didn't have any jobs.2.What happened when the author was 4?A.He learned to smoke.B.He was locked in a basement.C.He was arrested by the police.D.He nearly caused a fire accident.3.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Leonhard was good at driving dog sleds.B.The author spent his whole childhood in Alaska.C.Leonhard often visited the author's family after 1950.D.The author suffered a lot while taking the dog sled in Alaska.4.What is the author's purpose of writing the text?A.To look back on his childhood with adventures.B.To describe the extreme weather of Alaska.C.To express how much he misses Leonhard.D.To show off his pride in making trouble.答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.B; 2.C; 3.B; 4.C解析：本文是一篇议论文。
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解 细节理解类 专项练习题(含答案)
2020届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解细节理解类【分类真题】（2019年课表全国卷二，C）Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s "me" time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half（53 percent）have breakfast alone and nearly half（46 percent）have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report."I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?" Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. "Today, I just wanted some time to myself," she said.Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction（交流）. "I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week," he said. "It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan."That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. "It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology," said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?A. Food variety.B. Eating habits.C. Table manners.D.Restaurant service.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。