高三英语二轮专题复习第4讲 动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
第4讲动词的时态和语态及主谓一致动词的时态和语态1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it is(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school comes (come)first...”3．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Later，engineers managed (manage)to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道)，which became known as the Tube.4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)When fat and salt are__removed (remove)from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah has__been__told/was__told (tell)that she could be Britain’s new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year. 6．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines were__used (use)to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise. 7．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Truly elegant chopsticks might be__made (make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.8．(2016·北京卷改编)Jack was__working (work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.9．(2018·福州模拟)Due to the hard training they had__done (do)before，their performances were very impressive.一、如何确定动词的时态在确定空格处需要填谓语动词后，我们则需要考虑谓语动词的时态、语态以及主谓一致。
对于时态的确定，我们可以从以下三个方面来突破：1．时间状语。
时态，顾名思义就是指动作或状态在不同时间条件下的动词形式，因此时间状语是确定动词时态的最直接的决定因素。
[典例](2016·浙江卷)Silk ________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.[分析]had become。
题干中有表示过去的时间状语“about 100 BC”，且当时间状语由介词by(不迟于，不晚于)引导时，表示动作发生在“过去的过去”，谓语动词应用过去完成时。
2．参照动词。
当句中没有时间状语，或时间状语不能完全决定所填词动作所发生的具体时间时，动词的时态由其参照动词来决定。
[典例](江苏卷改编)The real reason why prices ________(be)，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem. [分析]were。
题干中没有时间状语，由参照动词“are”和“is”特别是still一词可以推断出所填词陈述的是过去的事实，故应用一般过去时。
3．句意或情境。
当所填动词所在句中无时间状语及参照动词，或时间状语和参照动词都不能确定所填词动作的时态时，所填动词的时态由句子的具体意思或动作所发生的情境来决定。
[典例](2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of 61.greater (great) and less importance.Then，handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of 62.achievement(achieve)．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ (be) often acceptable.[分析]is。
本题所在句无时间状语。
也没有参照动词，但根据情境可知是陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时，动词用原形，故填is。
二、如何确定动词的语态被动语态类考题的解题关键在于判断句子的主语和谓语动词之间是否是被动关系，但是被动语态的考查总是与句子时态一起，即确定是被动语态之后，还要通过相关的时间状语判断出是哪一种时态的被动语态，这样才能确保填写准确的[答案]或改正相应的错误。
[典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steam engines ________(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise. [分析]were used。
Steam engines与use之间为被动关系，且由后面的must have been可知，讲述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
[典例2](广东卷)We ________(tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week ...[分析]were told。
句意：我们被告知我们预订的房间不是那一周的……所填词是句子的谓语，和句子的主语we是被动关系，表示“我们被告知”；由从句时态判断出，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填were told。
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my last winter holiday，I went to the countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.I find a big change there.find→found 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)I didn’t realize how right my parents are until I entered high school.are→were3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car，I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders，but once I started the car，my mind goes blank. goes→went 4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！”“Turning left！”Turning→Turn5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)I had grown not only physically，but also mentally in the past few years. had→have6．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)I thought that it is a good idea.It does not cost much，yet we can still learn a lot. thought→think7．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)However，my parents didn’t seem to think so.They always tellme what to do and how to do it.At one time，I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me... tell→told8．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. using→used纵观近五年的短文改错考题，我们不难发现，一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时和过去完成时的考查频率较高；而语态方面的考查一般是通过非谓语动词来体现的。
1．短文改错有关时态的考点(1)应用一般过去时，误用一般现在时。
①When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there. think→thought(2)应用一般现在时，误用一般过去时。
②Water is important...Yet it seemed that water is becoming less and less. seemed→seems(3)句子内部时态前后矛盾。
③For example，how many times have you walked out of a room and leave the lights or television on when no one else was there? leave→left(4)语法结构有误，句子成分错位。
④A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop. telling→told(5)动词拼写错误。
⑤Tony was scared and begun to cry. begun→began2．短文改错有关语态的考点(1)分词的误用。
动词的时态及语态+主谓一致
三、动词的时态及语态I 时态时态考查项目1 过去完成时2 现在完成进行时3 将来完成时4 一般现在时(用于表示客观事实/科学真理)答题依据: 句中时间状语主从句谓语动词的先后关系语境时态的呼应(the sequence of tenses)时态呼应是指从句中谓语动词的时态因受主句中谓语动词时态的影响而须采用一定的时态，从而达到两者在逻辑关系上的一致。
（一）主句谓语动词的时态为现在时或将来时，从句谓语动词根据实际情况可用各种时态She says she is a college student.she was a college student.she will be a college student.Has he told you when he is to leave for Beijing?Will you tell me when you finished the work?（二）主句谓语动词用过去时态1 若从句谓语动词的动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，从句用一般过去时或过去进行时She told me she was a teacher.He said he was studying English.2 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，从句用过去完成时或过去完成进行时She explained to me that she had made the mistake chieflyout of carelessness.Betty said that she had been waiting for my call.3 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之后，从句用过去将来时、过去将来进行时或过去将来完成时。
He said that he would come back the next day.She said that she would be setting off on the 10 o’clock train.He told them that he would have finished by six o’clock.4 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但从句中有表示某一具体时间的状语，从句用一般过去时。
2020届高考英语二轮培优新专题限时检测(四)时态、语态和主谓一致Word版含解析
专题限时检测（四）时态、语态和主谓一致(共3组，限时25分钟)[模拟题组一]1．(2019·泰州模拟)With the application of 5G technology ________ profound changes in almost all fields throughout the world.A．will come B．are comingC．comes D．come解析：选D该句为倒装句，正常的语序是：profound changes in almost all fields throughout the world come with the application of 5G technology。
主语是profound changes。
因为该句表达一个客观的事实，所以用一般现在时。
2．(2019·扬州模拟)—I will have two final exams tomorrow.—Me too. So you ________ any sympathy from me here.A．aren't getting B．didn't getC．hadn't got D．haven't got解析：选A句意：“我明天有两门期末考试。
”“我也是，因此你将不会从我这得到任何同情。
”此处用现在进行时表将来。
3．(2019·南京、盐城模拟)—I hear you'll cancel all your plans and appointments. Why?—They ________ my life. I just can't stop.A．control B．controlledC．have controlled D．have been controlling解析：选D句意：“我听说你取消了你所有的计划和预约，为什么呢？”“因为它们一直在掌控我的生活，我控制不了了。
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致和动词时态的关系
高中英语知识点归纳主谓一致和动词时态的关系高中英语知识点归纳：主谓一致和动词时态的关系一、引言英语是一门语法比较复杂的语言，学习英语需要掌握许多语法知识。
其中，主谓一致和动词时态是最基本的知识点之一。
理解主谓一致和动词时态之间的关系对于正确运用英语语法和表达意思至关重要。
本文将归纳总结高中英语中关于主谓一致和动词时态的相关知识点，以帮助学生提升英语语法能力。
二、主谓一致基本概念主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
简单来说，如果主语是单数第三人称，则谓语动词要用单数形式；如果主语是复数或非第三人称，则谓语动词要用复数形式。
以下是一些常见的主谓一致规则：1. 单数主语加-s或-es：He goes to school every day.2. 复数主语不加-s或-es：They go to school every day.3. 连系动词后的主语用复数形式：My family are all going to the party.三、动词时态基本概念动词时态表示动作或状态发生的时间。
英语中有多种时态，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等等。
掌握动词时态对于正确表达过去、现在或将来的动作至关重要。
以下是一些常见的动词时态规则：1. 一般现在时：表示经常性或普遍性的动作或状态。
常常使用动词原形：She often goes to the park.2. 一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态。
常常使用动词的过去式：I watched a movie yesterday.3. 一般将来时：表示将要发生的动作或状态。
常常使用助动词will 加动词原形：They will go to the beach tomorrow.四、主谓一致和动词时态的关系主谓一致和动词时态在英语语法中有密切联系。
具体来说，主谓一致和动词时态的关系可以总结如下：1. 一般现在时的主谓一致：在一般现在时中，单数主语使用第三人称，谓语动词要加-s或-es。
动词的时态语态和主谓一致 PPT
五、现在完成时
3 常用现在完成时的句型
❶在“It (This) is the best (worst,most interesting等)＋名词＋从句”中,从句 中的谓语用现在完成时。
It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I came to this school、 这是自从我到这个学校以来所参加过的最有教育意义的讲座。
二、 一般过去时
2 一般过去时的用法。
❷表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。
When I was a child,I often played football in the street、 我是个小孩的时候,常在马路上踢足球。
二、 一般过去时
2 一般过去时的用法。
❸有些动作发生的时间没有具体表明,但实际上是“刚才,刚刚”发生,应使用一般过 去时。
三、一般以后时
一般以后时表示从现在看来将要发生的动作或状态。
1 will/shall＋动词原形。
❶表示客观的以后,常与表示以后的时间状语连用。shall一般用于第一人称,will可用 于各种人称。
My birthday is ing、 I shall be 18 years old、 我的生日就要到了。我将要18岁了。
He goes to school by bicycle every day、 他每天骑自行车去上学。
一、 一般现在时
2 一般现在时的用法。
❷表示现在的状态、特征、事实或客观真理。
The story sounds very interesting、 这个故事听起来特别有趣。
2024届高考英语专项复习 -动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
I couldn't manage it. 我本希望送彼得一件礼物，祝贺他结婚，但我做不到。
二、动词的语态 被动语态的构成为“be＋过去分词”， 被动语态的构成形式还有 get/become＋过去分词。 只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才有被动语态，不及物动词 或短语无被动语态。
考点四 完成时态 1.现在完成时 ①表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时刚刚完 成的动作。常与recently, lately, up to/till now, so far, in the past/last few months/years...等连用。 China's high-speed railways have grown from 9，000 to 25，000 kilometers in the past few years. 在过去的几年中，中国的高速铁路从 9000公里增长到25000公里。 ②表示从过去开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和 “for...”“since...”表述的时间状语连用。
We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候经常在一起玩。
考点二 进行时态 1.现在进行时 ①表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的 动作或存在的状态。与现在进行时相对应的时间状语有：now, right now, at present, at this moment, these days等。
By the end of last year, we had produced 20，000 cars. 到去年年底，我们已经生产了20 000辆汽车。 ④ 表 示 过 去 未 曾 实 现 的 希 望 、 打 算 、 意 图 、 诺 言 等 。 常 用 had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected 等 ， 或 用 上 述 动 词 的 过 去 式 接 不 定 式 的 完 成 式 表 示 ， 即 “hoped/planned... ＋ to have done”。
高中英语2025届高考语法复习句法知识讲解(主谓一致+动词时态+助动词)
高考英语语法复习句法知识讲解一、主谓一致在英文中，谓语的形式要与主语保持一致。
比如，你、我、他是学生，中文“是”字是一样的，只有主语不同。
英文的动词要根据主语不同而改变：I am，you are，he is。
主谓一致有三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致。
（一）语法一致名词是单数，谓语动词是单数。
不可数名词、集体名词、动词不定式、动名词等，谓语动词也用单数。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The team is playing well. 这个团队表现得很好。
To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
Swimming is good exercise. 游泳是一项很好的运动。
记住：绝大多数都用单数，只有明确的复数名词，谓语动词才用复数。
My parents are teachers. 我的父母都是老师。
The shoes are all right. 这些鞋子很合适。
鞋、裤子、眼镜，只能是复数，如果前面加上“一双”“一条”，后面的动词就是单数。
A pair of glasses is very expensive. 一副眼镜很贵。
要想搞清楚谓语用单数还是复数，一定要准确锁定主语。
All except me in my family are going to the park. 很显然，all才是真正的主语，所以是复数。
She as well as the other girls is reading a book. 在这里，She才是真正的主语，所以是单数。
"more than one +名词"作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。
例如：More than one teacher gets the flowers."half of, the rest of, most of, all of, 百分数/分数+of +名词"作主语时，谓语动词形式根据of后的名词而定。
高中英语 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致精讲
（3）表示人的“观点” “看法” “建议” “态 度” “评价”等词、“活动的目的”以及客观 事实时，常用一般现在时。
A good medicine __t_a_s_te_s__(taste) bitter. Our geography teacher told us that the earth __g_o_es_(go) around the sun.
2
（2）用于状语从句代替一般将来时 在when , as soon as , before , after , until , if 等引 导的时间状语或条件状语从句，谓语动词是将来 时通常用一般现在时代替。 “主将从现”
If he succeeds(succeed), he will be the hero of human beings.
Terry and his wife were tidying up their new home busilyw_h_e_n_ the light suddenly went out.
I was about to go out w__h_e_n the telephone rang.
9
6.现在完成时 构成形式： 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词
4
2.一般过去时 构成形式 did
表示过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态.
注意：一般过去时往往和明确的过去时间状语连 用.如: yesterday, last night, two days (months, weeks) ago, in 1996, the other day也常和when, if 等 引导的状语从句连用.
10
So far, it has turned (turn) the most influential student activity in the world.
超实用高考英语复习：专题04 高频考点时态、语态及主谓一致与语法填空(原卷版)
距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
考点一：动词时态1、技法巧图解2. 高考真题体验1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ______(address) the opening ceremony.2、（2022年全国高考甲卷）In the last five years. Cao ______ (walk) through 34 countries in sixcontinents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro,3、（2022年全国新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that______ (be)previously unprotected,4、（2022年全国新高考II卷）Henry ______ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He lookedup and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ______ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.5、（2021年新高考八省联考）It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on thePotomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, 56．（prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public.6、（2021年新高考八省联考) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and 65．（sell）most of their furniture.7、（2021年全国高考甲卷）We 66．(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job.8、（2021年新高考I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it 61．(be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.9、（2021年浙江高考）In cities, however, the gain 61．(be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described “striking changes” in the geography of BMI.10、（2020年海南高考）Because the number of possible topics68．（be）practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology.11、（2020年北京高考）Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He saysfood28．(play) a big role in his life.12、（2020年全国高考）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 63．(form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.13、（2020年浙江高考）By about 6000 BC，people 61．(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.14、（2020年浙江高考）changes began. New methods 65．(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.15、（2020年全国高考）they smiled and 66．(point) down the river.16、（2020年全国高考）China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61．(touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.17、（2019·新课标II卷）I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___66___(make) over the years18、（2019·新课标III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and ___65___ (recommend) wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.19、（2019·新课标III卷）O n the last day of our week-long stay，we ___69___(invite)to attenda private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars20、（2019·新课标II卷）Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene___64___(declare) she had no plans __to retire__ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.在确定谓语动词的时态时，我们可从三个方面来进行判断：(1)、看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。
2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习：语法填空-谓语动词时态语态与主谓一致课件
第一步：确定填谓语 分析句子成分可知，Cao 67.________ (walk) through 34 countries和he reached the top of Kilimanjaro是两个并列简单 句，空格处作谓语。
答案与解析：will drop 考查时态。设空处在句中作谓语， and是并列连词， 前后时态一般保持一致， won't take的提示可知，设空处为一般将来时，故填 will drop。
9.[2022·福建省高三下学期诊断]Aunts, uncles, cousins came around, ________ (enjoy) a massive meal and lazed in front of the TV for a couple of hours while the Chinese New Year variety shows were playing.
清迷点扫盲点 提升审题能力
如何判断填谓语动词 典例印证 【典例】 [2022·全国甲卷]In the last five years, Cao 67._h_as__w_a_lk_e_d (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the
答案与解析：means 考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在which引导的非限 制性定语从句中做谓语，主语which代指前面一整句话，是单数，且全文都是一般 现在时，故填means。
11.[2022·漳 州 市 第 二 次 质 量 检 测 ]What ________ (make) people moved is not the film itself but the heroes of the war years.
专题04-动词的时态语态z主谓一致(解析版)2023年天津高考英语专题5年真题模拟题分项汇编详解
专题04单项选择动词的时态&语态&z主谓一致训练15年真题过关1．（2021·天津·高考真题）Good evening, everybody. Professor King ________ his lecture in a moment, but let me introduce him first.A．deliveredB．will be deliveringC．was deliveringD．has been delivering【答案】B【详解】考查将来进行时。
句意：大家晚上好，金教授马上要发表演讲，但（开始之前）让我先介绍一下他。
根据语境和标志词in a moment（立即，即将，一会儿）的提示，可知教授的演讲还未开始，用将来时态（一般将来时或将来进行时），仅有B符合题意，是将来进行时的结构，故选B。
2．（2021·天津·高考真题）Mark is a genius. By the time he graduated, he ________ jobs by a dozen computer companies.A．has offeredB．has been offeredC．had offeredD．had been offered【答案】D【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。
句意：马克是个天才。
到他毕业的时候，已经有十几家电脑公司给他提供了工作机会。
该句是复合句，含By the time引导的时间状语从句，主句动作先于从句动作，且主句主语he和谓语动词offer之间是被动关系，是过去完成时的被动语态。
故选D。
3．（2021·天津·高考真题）Currently, about 35,000 works ________ in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything.A．were displayingB．are displayingC．were being displayedD．are being displayed【答案】D【详解】考查时态和语态。