初三英语上册复习资料外研版

Unit 1

1. He studies by asking the teacher for help

by 以… 方式，靠 + n / doing I went to school by bus /train /subway / bike / plane /boat….

2. the best way to do sth 做某事的方法

3. Joining the English club was the best way to improve our English.

动名词作主语 + V 三单

4. have trouble / problem / difficult / a hard time + doing sth 做某事很困难

5. laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人

6. last ( 持续 ) + 一段时间 The rain lasted for 6 hours yesterday.

7. regard …..as …… = consider….as…..= treat …… as……. 把….. 当成……

8. complain to sb about doing sth 抱怨某人做某事

9. except / besides

except 除… 以外…. All the students went to the zoo except me

besides 除…. 以外（包括在内） I have few friends besides you.

10. as soon as…. 一…. 就…… （条件状语从句，主将从现）

I’ll call you as soon as I get there.

11. if 引导宾语从句时“ 是否” i f 引导条件状语从句“ 假如，如果” ，主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。

I don’t know if it will rain ， if it rains ，I won’t go out.

宾从条从

Unit 2

1. 1 ） used to do sth 过去常常做某事 He used to do homework until 10 pm.

2 ） be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事I’m used to getting

up early. She is used to living alone.

3 ） be used to do sth = be used for doing sth 被用于做某事Knife is used to cut things = Knife is used for cutting things.

2. afford 买得起，负担得起（… 的费用）I can’t afford a

new car. afford to do sth 负担得起做某事

3. get in trouble with 与…. 发生纠纷 be patient with sb of sth 在某事上对某人很耐心

4. be proud of = take pride in + n / doing 对….. 感到骄傲

5. It ‘s time (for sb) to do sth / It’s time for sth 是（某人）该做某事的时候了

Unit 3

1. be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 allow sb to do sth 允许

某人做某事 allow to do sth 允许做某事

2. (1) instead of + n /pre / ving

She prefers milk instead of (=rather than) coffee. We’d like to go sightseeing instead of staying at home.

(2) instead 相反的、代替。常放句末。I don’t like swimming ，

I like playing games instead.

3. So do we 我也是

So + 助、 be 、情态动词 + 主语“ 某人也一样” I have to do my homework . So does he .

Nor /neither 助、 be 、情态动词 + 主语“ 某人也不” Mary didn’t go to the party last night . Neither /nor did I .

4. I’m not allowed to get my ears pierced.

Get sth done / have sth done 这事儿不是主语做的，而是找别人做的。

My bike broke down ，I’ll have it repaired. 我的自行车坏了，我得找人修理。

5. be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict in sth 在某方面很严

格

6. be comfortable to do sth 做某事很方便

7. be good for 对….. 有好处。 Vegetable and fruit are good for your health.

be good at = do well in + n / pre / doing 擅长…. He is good at swimming

be good to = be friendly to 对….. 很友善。

8. have an opportunity to do sth 有机会做某事。

9.语法：不定代词

(1) some / any 均为“ 一些” ， + 可、不可数名词； some 一般用于肯定， any 多用于否定或疑问句。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用 some. ---Would you like some coffee ? ---Yes ， please. / No ， thanks

(2)many / much many + 可数名词 much + 不可数名词都可与 so ，too ， as ， how 搭配。

(1) either / neither either 指两者其一 neither 指两者都不

either…..or….. 不是… 就是…. neither…..nor….. 既不… 也不……

10. other ， the other ， others ， the others ， another

1) other 别的、其他的 2) the other 两者中另一个one …….. ，the other…….. 一个… 另一个…… 3) others 泛指别的人或物=other + 复数名词some …… ，others….. 一些….. 另一些….. 4) the others 特指其余剩下的人或物some….. ， the others…… 一些….. ，其余的……

5) another 任何一个，另一个。（指三者以上中的任何一个）

11. get in the way of ……. 妨碍…..

12. On….te am . 在… 队里 He is on the school soccer team.

13. happen 出乎意料的发生 take place 有计划的发生两者都没有被动语态 this accident has taken place for 5 years.

14. be serious about + n/ pre / doing 对…. 很认真

15. succeed (in) doing sth 成功地做某事 success n. successful adj

Unit 4

1. 数词 +hundred/thousand/million/billion 几百 / 千 / 百万 / 十亿

hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+ of 成百的 / 千的 / 百万的 / 十亿的

2.辨析 bring / take / fetch / carry

3. If I were you ，I’d wear a shirt and tie. If I had a million dollars ，I’d buy a big house.

If 的用法： 1 ）在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，表示一种假设，需用虚拟语气，对现在情况的假设，条件从句中用一般过去时（ be 动词勇 were ），主句用 would/should/could + V 原 If they were here ， they would help you.

2 ）如果假设情况可能发生，句子用陈述语气，条件从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时。 If he comes ，I’ll bring him a present. If it rains tomorrow ，we won’t have a picn ic.

4. invite sb to somewhere. invite sb to do sth

5. 辨析 borrow / lend / keep

borrow …from…. （主语）借进 I borrowed books from school library.

lend…..to ….. （主语）借出 Could you lend your dictionary to me?

keep 借并保存一段时间（常用于完成时 for ， since 与搭配，代替borrow ）

I’ve kept this story book for a month ，and I didn’t return it .

6. 很多。 (1) a lot of ， lots of ， some ， plenty of 既可修饰可数，也可修饰不可数名词。 (2) a number of + 可数名词复数

+V 复“ 大量的” A number of trees are cut down. (3) the number of + 可数名词复数 +V 三单“.. 的数量” The number of students in our class is 52.

(4) amount of ， much ， a little ， little ， a bit of ， a deal of + 不可数名词 + V 三单 (5) many ， a few ， few + 可数名词复数 +V 复

7. (rather) than 其后动词的形式，与前面动词的形式保持一致。

I like singing than dancing. 宁愿做… 而不愿做…..

1 ） would rather do sth than do sth.

2 ） would like to do sth ， than do sth

3 ） prefer to do sth rather than do sth

4 ） prefer doing to doing

8. 害怕做某事 be afraid of doing sth = be terrified of doing sth = be scared of doing sth be afraid to do sth

9. win 赢得比赛、致词、地位、荣誉 beat 击败某人、某队

10.辨别 noise 噪音Don’t make any noise ! voice 人的嗓音 He has a good voice. sound 泛指各种声音 The sound of car is too loud.

11. taste v. 品尝，尝起来 n. 味道，品味系动词 taste ，

smell ， look ， sound ， feel + adj

12. 语法。 Give sb sth = give sth to sb 这种结构的动词还有：（加 to 的） give ， show ， send ， bring ， pass ， lend ，tell

（加 for 的） make ， buy ， do ， have ， cook ， find ，sing

Eg： I bought a gift for her. = I bought her a gift She lent me a book = She lent a book to me.

Unit 5

1. --Whose book is this? --It must /might / can’t /could be sb’s belong to sb.

2. It’s +adj + that …. It’s necessary

/clear/important ……that….

It’s+adj+ to do sth it’s important/ necessary to work hard.

find/ think + it +adj + to do sth. I found it difficult to remember English words.

3. 对… 感到担心。be anxious/worried about… worry about

渴望做某事 be anxious to do sth

4. He could be running for exercise.

情态动词 +be +doing sth （表示猜测可能正在做某事）

5. sth happen to sb 某人碰巧遇到某事 When he walked across the road ， the car accident happened to him.

6. 太…. much too + adj

太多….too much + 不可数 n too many + 可数 n

Unit 6

1. prefer sth to sth I prefer fish to meat.

prefer to do sth ， rather than do sth. = would rather do sth than do sth They prefer to stay at home rather than go out.

prefer doing to doing Jim prefers reading to playing games.

2. play + 运动、棋类、消遣 play

basketball/soccer/volleyball/tennis/ping-pong/baseball/chess

play+ the + 乐器 play the guitar/violin/piano/trumpet/drums

3. go+ 运动 ing ： go shopping/ fishing / sightseeing/ cooking

4. aloud loud loudly

aloud 指读书 read aloud. loud ， loudly 可互换，但 loud 可作adj ， loudly 却不能。

5.使…. 想起…. 提醒（某人） remind sb

remind sb of sth The photos reminded me of my school days.

remind sb to do sth Can you remind me to wake him up at 6：25.

6. though / although 和 but 不能连用

My grandfather is 100 years old ， but he is very health.= Though my grandfather is 100 years old ， he is very health.

because 和 so 也不能连用

7. famous = well-known

be famous for Martin is famous for writing story.

be famous as She is famous as a scientist.

be famous to The Great Wall is famous to the world.

8. a few+ 可数名词（表肯定）一些 a little+ 不可数名词（表肯定）一些

few （表否定）几乎没有 little （表否定）几乎没有

9. because + 句子 because of + 名词、代词、动名词短语

He stopped playing soccer because he had a headache. He stopped playing soccer because of his headache.

10. expect to do sth = hope to do sth = wish to do sth.

11. have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself.

Unit 7

1. 辨析 relaxed / relaxing tired / tiring fascinated / fascinating

excited / exciting frustrated / frustrating disappointed

/disappointing

surprised /surprising amazed / amazing interested / interesting

（加 ed 的修饰人“ 感到。。。的” ；加 ing 的修饰物“ 令人。。。的” ）

eg： She was surprised to read this surprising news.

相关短语： be excited at be disappointed at be surprised at / to do sth

be interested in = taka an interest in + n / Ving

2. 旅行。 trek 徒步跋涉 trek trough the

jungle/forest/mountain

travel 泛指旅行 travel around the world.

trip 短途旅行 have a trip. Trip to Chengdu .

3. 想要、愿意做某事 would like to do sth = want to do sth.

---Where would you like to go ? ---I’d like to visit somewhere warm.

4. 辨析 cross through over past

(1) cross 从表面上通过walk cross the street/ bridge/ river….

(2) through 从空间通过 go through the forest/ jungle/ crowed…

(3) over 从上方跨过 jump over the wall

(4) past 从旁边经过 He walked past the window when we were having class.

5. hope / wish (1) hope to do sth hope + 从句

(2) wish to do sth wish sb to do sth wish + 从句

6. I’d like to go somewhere relaxing.

adj 放不定代词后修饰不定代词。

7. Why not + V 原…..? = Why don’t you + V 原….? Let’s + V 原

8. consider 考虑、认为 consider doing sth / +how -

(what) +to do sth / + 名词、从句

eg：We’re considering visiting Paris for holiday.

He has never considered how to solve the problem.

All of you should consider the feeling of the people.

Do you consider （认为） that we can finish the project on time?

9. one of + adj 级 + 复数名词 + V 三单 One of the highest sights in Paris is Eiffel Tower.

10. 辨析 include / including

Our school includes two parts： Primary and Middle School.

I like all sports including playing soccer.

11. traveling around Paris by taxi can cost a lot of money.

traveling around Paris by taxi 动名词做主语 + V 三单

one of the cheapest ways to visit Paris is taking the underground train.

动名词作表语从句的主语

12.辨析 cost spend pay take

Sth costs(cost)…… The TV cost me 500 dollars

Sb spend (spent) ….. on sth /doing sth I spent 500 dollars on the TV.

I spent 500 dollars buying the TV.

Sb pay (paid) …. For… I paid 500 dollars for the TV.

It takes (took) sb ….. to do sth. It took me 500 dollars to buy the TV.

13. unless = if not 条件状语从句，由 if ， unless 引导。（主将从现，主过从过）

If it doesn’t rain ，we’ll go fishing. Unless you s ee a doctor ，you shouldn’t take the medicine.

14. 提供。 (1)provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb.

He tried to find a job to provide his family with food.

He tried to find a job to provide food for his family.

(2) offer sb sth = offer sth to sb. She offered money to the poor children.

offer to do sth 自愿做某事

15. mind ， finish ， keep ， be busy ， feel like ，

practice ， have fun ， enjoy ，

have trouble/problem/difficult/ a hard time ， permit ，

spend ， be worth ， keep on ， keep ， be used to ，

continue ， give up ， put off ， end up ， pay attention to ，look forward to ， consider ， suggest ，can’t help ， miss + doing sth feel ， hear ， see ， find ， watch ， notice sb do sth （做过） doing sth （正在做）

16.辨析 stop to do / stop doing remember to do / remember

doing

forget to do / forget doing try to do / try doing

go on to do / go on doing allow to do / allow doing

17. 在介词后（ in ， at ， after ， on ， to ， for ， of ，

by ， against ， with ， without ， after ， before ，）如果

要用动词，只能用 ving I study for a test by working with groups.

18. enough 的用法

adj / adv + enough 充足。。。样 enough + n 充足的。。。

19.语法：主谓一致。 1 ）当 and 或both …and… 连接两个或三

个名词作主语，谓语动词用复数。 & nbsp; Both you and I are good friends.

2. ）不定代词作主语 +V 三单 (either ， neither ， each ， the other ， another ， any/every/no/some 引导的不定代词 ) Everyone is going to beach tomorrow.

3. ) 由 each ， every 引导的作主语，指同一个人时， +V 三单Each boy and girl was given a gift.

4. ) 主语后有 with ， along with ， together with ， as well as ， more than ， including ， besides ， like ， except ，but. 谓语动词由前面的主语决定 .

Mr Li with his wife and children is coming next week. Tom besides his friends plays volleyball every afternoon.

5)either…or…. neither…nor… not only…but also… 连接两个

主语，谓语动词有靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。

Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle. Either you or he is right.

6)there be 句型的 be 动词由靠近它的主语决定，即就近原则。There is a table and many desks in the room.

7)one of + 复数名词 + V 三单 one of the women is from America.

20. dream of doing sth

achieve/ come true I believe I will achieve my dream one day.= I believe my dream will come true one day.

21. receive / accept

I’ve received her invitation to the party ，but I didn’t accept it ，because I’m busy.

22. 辨析so that so….. that…. such…. That…

1) so that = in order that he works hard so that he can make more money.

2) such 修饰强调名词。 such + a/an + adj + n +that 从句 Mary

is such a young girl that she can’t go to school.

such + adj+ 不可数名词、复数名词 + that 从句

3)so 修饰强调 adj 或 adv. so + adj / adv + that 从句 He is so clever that he can work out all the problems.

4 ) 当名词由 many ， much ， few ， little 修饰时，只能用 so

so many/ few+ 可数名词复数 +that 从句 so much/ little+ 不可数

名词 +that 从句 There are so much time that I can play with friends.

5) too…to… = not… enough to …. = so….. that….

23. 短语be willing to do sth be similar to it seems that… seem to do sth

hold on to.. according to

24. 定语从句（详见 Unit 6-7 ） 1 ) 一般情况下， that 可指人，也可指物，可代替 who ， whom ， which; 但不能和介词搭配。

Which 指物 who ， whom ， whose 指人 where 指某地 when 指某时

A doctor is a person who looks after people’ health.

I like the places where people are friendly.

2 ) 掌握 that 的几种特殊用法（详见书上）

3 ) 掌握 whom ，which 与介词的用法

Units 8-12

1. volunteer one’s time to do sth 自愿花费时间做某事

2. make a plan to do sth = plan to do sth 计划或某事

3. take after = be similar to 和…. 相似

4. repair = fix up 修理

5. thank you (thanks) for doing sth

6. like 表举例时“ 像….” 其后如果跟动词必须用 doing

7. be(get) used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 used to do sth 过去常常做某事

be used to do sth = be used for doing sth （某物）被用于做某事

8.辨析 bring ， take ， carry ， fetch

bring 拿来 take 带走 carry 携带，搭乘，运载，抬 fetch 取回

9. adj/adv + enough 充足….. enough + n 充足的….

10. divide …..into….. 把…. 划分成…

11. the popularity of basketball has risen worldwide.

popularity 人口 + V 三单

12. the number of (….. 的数量 ) +V 三单 a number of ( 大量的 ) + V 复数

13. dream of doing sth 梦想做某事

14. happen = take place ( 没有被动语态 )

15. 辨析 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记

做过某事

leave (left) sth somewhere 把（某物）忘在某地 lose – lost--

lost 丢失

16.到达 arrive at / in + 地点 get to + 地点 reach + 地点注明：如果后面不跟地点只能用 arrive

17. on time 准时 in time 按时

18. wake up 醒来 wake – woke – waken hang out 闲逛

19. wait (for) sbto do sth 等待某人做某事

20. invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 invite sb to somewhere 邀请某人去某地

21.辨析 embarrassed / embarrassing

22. show up 出现、出席 stay up 熬夜

23. dress up 装扮、打扮 dress sb (in) 给（某人）穿衣服

wear 穿着、戴着（表状态） put on 穿上（表动作）

24. hundreds of 数百的、 thousands of 数千的、

millions of 数百万的、 billions of 数十亿的。

数词 + hundred / thousand / million / billion 几百、几千、几

百万、几十亿

25. marry sb 嫁给（某人） get married 和（某人）结婚

26. sell out 卖完 sell – sold – sold

27. there be 句型中的 be 动词用 is 还是 are ，取决于靠近它的主语是单数还是复数。

28.问路方式： Could you tell me (Do you know) how to get

to ……?

Could you tell me the way to ….?

Could you tell me where I can (do sth)..?

Could you tell me where …. is ?

Could you tell me if there is / are ….. around here ?

29. be interested in = take an interest in + n / doing

30. 宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事。 1) prefer to do sth rather than do sth

2) would rather do sth than do sth 3) prefer doing to doing sth

注： (rather) than 后面的动词形式与前面的并列成分一致。

31. look for 寻找 find 找到、发现 find out 查明、弄清楚

32. be convenient to do sth 方便做某事

33. have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴 have fun doing sth 做某事很愉快

34. a good place to do sth 做某事的好地方

35. dress up as …. 打扮成

36 when （一般后跟过去时） while （一般后跟实行时）

37. it’s necessary to do sth 做某事很有必要

38. borrow …..from…. 向…. 借…. lend sth to sb 借给某人

某物 . keep 借并保存一定时间 . 常与一段时间连用。

I’ve kept this book for a week. 我已经借了这本书一周了

39. wonder = want to know 想知道

40. trouble 打扰、麻烦

have trouble / difficult / problem / a hard time + doing sth

做某事很困难

41. in order to …… 为了….. In order not to be late ， he rush to the bus stop.

42. be supposed to do sth （不）应该做某事 ..

43. drop by 顺便拜访

44. after all 毕竟捡起，挑选 pick up 指着 point at make a noise 制造噪音沿着…. 一直走….walk down …

45. make 的用法 make + adj make sb do sth

(hear ， watch ， see ， have 等用法相同 ) （但变为被动语态时，其后加 to

My mother made me to work 5 hours. I was made to work 5 hours.

46. make mistake 犯错

47. 辨析 except / besides except （除….. 之外） Everyone went to the beach except Jim.

besides （除…. 之外，包括在内） I have a lot of friends besides Mary.

48. find(think) it + adj + to do sth. 发现、认为做某事是……

49. 不再….. not ……any more ( any longer) = no more( no longer)

语法专项

动词的分类和时态

1. 动词短语。

1 ）动词 + 介词 look at ， listen to ， look after ， look

for ， wait for ， take after ， depend on ， think of ，

hand in ，

hear from ， hear of ， study for 等，此类动词后的宾语无论是

名词还是代词，都只能放在介词后。

Look at the blackboard. Look after it carefully.

2 ）动词 + 副词

turn off ， turn on ， turn up ， turn down ， pick up ， set up ， cheer up ， clean up ， work out ， put up ， fix up ，cut up ， give out ， give up ， give away ， put away ，

think over ， put off ， use up ， hand out ， mix up ， look up ， eat up 等 . 此类动词后的宾语是名词时，放在副词前后都可，若是代词，必须放在中间 .

He turn off the light when he left. He picked it up and give

it to me.

⑶ 其他动词短语：

get along with ， take pride in ， pay attention to ， make good use of ， be proud of ， keep away from ， be busy with ，be made of ， be good at ， be interested in ， come up with ，be satisfied with

2. 非延续动词 buy ， lend ， borrow ， die ， begin ， stop ，finish ， arrive ， join ， go ， come 等。不能与表示一段时间

的状语连用，要用延续动词替换。（详见现在完成时）

3.系动词 be ， become ， get ， look ， seem ， turn ，

sound ， smell ， taste ， feel ， keep

4. 助动词 be ， have ， has ， do ， does ， did ， will ，shall ( 详见 P54 )

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Ⅱ.用法：

⑴ 一般现在时。

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⑵ 表示客观真理、事实。 The earth goes around the sun.

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