2019年考研英语(二)作文试题评析
2019年考研英语（二）作文试题评析作者：贾从永来源：《英语世界》2019年第12期Directions：Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Write him an email to1） suggest a topic with your reasons， and2） tell him your arrangement.You should write about 100 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name at the end of the email. Use “Zhang Wei” instead. （10 points）2019年考研英語（二）的小作文假设史密斯教授请你为主题是城市交通的辩论会做个计划，要求你给他写一封电子邮件，为辩论会建议一个话题并说明理由，同时告知活动安排。
电子邮件的格式与书信相同，也是从称呼写起。
这封邮件的称呼可以写Dear Prof. Smith。
称呼要顶格写，后面用逗号。
这封邮件的正文可以写成三段。
第一段表明写这封邮件的目的：就这次辩论会的话题提出自己的建议，并告知活动安排。
第二段依次完成题目中规定的两个交际任务：先就辩论会的话题提出建议并说明理由;然后对这次辩论会的时间、地点、主办方等做出安排。
第三段是一些客套话，先希望史密斯教授觉得自己的建议符合实际，然后表示自己愿意和他就此事详谈。
结尾段虽然没有实质性内容，却不可或缺，因为它可以使书信结构完整，同时显得恭敬有礼。
书信的最后是署名，写在正文下方中间偏右的位置，分两行书写，上一行可写Yours sincerely，下一行写Zhang Wei，上下对齐。
下面请看参考范文：Dear Prof. Smith，I am writing to offer my suggestion on the topic of the debate on city traffic and inform you of my arrangement of the event.My suggested topic of the debate is “A better choice for city commuters： private cars or the public transport system？”. I believe this topic will be of interest to most students who value freedom and privacy but who are faced with increasingly heavy traffic. The debate will be held in the auditorium on campus on April 22nd under the auspices of the Debate Club of our university.I hope you will find my suggestion practical. I’m ready for discussing this matter with you in detail.Yours sincerely，Zhang Wei （118 words）Directions：Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay， you should1） interpret the chart， and2） give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. （15 points）2019年考研英语（二）的大作文继续考图表作文，而且是继2010、2011、2013、2014年之后第五次考柱状图。
作为历年来考得最多的一种图表，柱状图的特点是形象直观，不同事物之间的差别一目了然。
我们要写好这篇图表作文，首先要仔细观察题目中的图表，找出图表中的主要变化。
而图表的标题为我们准确理解图表提供了重要线索，因此看图表先看标题。
这幅图表的标题告诉我们，图表反映的是某高校2013年和2018年本科毕业生的去向。
我们再结合三组柱状图可以看出：与2013年相比，这所高校2018年的本科毕业生中就业者比例减少，升学者比例增加，同时创业者的比例也增加了一倍。
考研图表作文一般写成三个段落。
引言段完成写作指令中的第一项任务：interpret the chart。
既然是解释（interpret）图表，就不能仅仅把图表描述（describe）一番。
所以，在开始描述图表之前，最好先用一句话提炼出图表所反映的主要内容，然后通过引用图表中的数据描述图表。
我们在描述图表时要注意措辞的变化，比如尽量用不同的词语表达增长和下降。
主体段完成写作指令中的第二项任务：give your comments，即对图表中所反映的变化做出评论，一般是从分析变化的原因的角度展开评论。
就本文而言，我们可以分析这所高校的毕业生去向变化的原因。
分析原因没有标准答案，考生可以根据自己的知识储备自由发挥，只要能自圆其说就行。
比如，我们在分析该高校本科毕业生去向变化的原因时，可以联系最近几年的经济形势，指出近年来经济增速放缓，导致毕业生就业难度增大，而就业难度增大促使一部分毕业生选择升学和创业。
这样，我们通过分析这个因果链就合理地解释了图表中三个变化的原因。
在描述了图表、分析了图表中的变化原因之后，我们最好还要提出应对之策，这样作文才会意思圆满、结构完整。
因此，我们还需要写一个结尾段。
我们可以先预测由于经济形势严峻，图表中的变化可能在未来持续下去，然后建议政府提前采取适当的措施以应对这些变化。
下面请看参考范文：This bar chart demonstrates the changes in career choices of the graduates of a Chinese university from 2013 to 2018. As is shown in the chart above， the percentage of graduates who hunted for a job fell from 68.1% to 60.7%， while the percentage of graduates who pursued a higher degree rose from 26.3% to 34.0%. In the same period of time， the share of grads who started a business grew from 1.3% to 2.6%.The economic slowdown in the past few years is the principal force behind the changes. As Chinese economy slowed down from around 2012， fresh graduates began to outnumber what can be absorbed by the job market. This in turn led to a fair number of graduates pursuing further study to improve their employability. For the same reason， the number of graduates who launched a business also increased， though slightly.The trends in the chart will probably continue into the foreseeable future， with an even worse economic depression looming on the horizon. It is therefore advised the authorities take appropriate measures in advance to deal with the changes. （182 words）语言亮点借鉴：1. In the same period of time， the share of grads who started a business grew from 1.3% to2.6%. 在同一时间段里，创业的大学毕业生的比例从1.3%增长到2.6%。
share比例。
2. The economic slowdown in the past few years is the principal force behind the changes. 过去几年的经济减速是造成这些变化的主要力量。
economic slowdown经济减速。
在短语in the past / last / next few hours/days/weeks/months/years中，few表示肯定的意思。
3. As Chinese economy slowed down from around 2012， fresh graduates began to outnumber what can be absorbed by the job market. 由于中国经济增长从2012年左右减缓，新毕业大学生的数量开始超过就业市场的承受能力。
slow down放慢，减速。
outnumber在数量上超过。
4. This in turn led to a fair number of graduates pursuing further study to improve their employability. 这进而导致了相当数量的大学毕业生选择进一步深造，以增强他们的就业能力。
in turn继而，进而。
lead to导致。
a fair number of 相当数量的。
pursue further study繼续深造。
employability就业能力。
5. For the same reason， the number of graduates who launched a business also increased，though slightly. 由于同样的原因，创业的大学毕业生的数量也增长了，虽然只是略有增长。
2019课标全国卷2英语作文
2019课标全国卷2英语作文In the journey of life, we encounter various challenges that test our resolve and perseverance. The English essay prompt from the 2019 Curriculum Standards National Volume 2, which asks us to reflect on the importance of perseverancein overcoming difficulties, provides an excellentopportunity to explore this theme.Perseverance is the steadfastness in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success. It is a quality that is honed through adversity and trials. Life,by its nature, is full of ups and downs, and it is only through perseverance that we can navigate through the tough times and emerge stronger.Consider the story of Thomas Edison, the inventor ofthe light bulb. He faced numerous failures and setbacks in his quest to create a long-lasting, efficient light source. However, instead of giving up, he persevered, learning from each failure and ultimately succeeding. His story teachesus that perseverance is not just about not giving up; it's about learning, growing, and ultimately achieving our goals.The same is true in our daily lives. Whether it's a challenging academic task, a difficult sporting event, or a personal goal we are striving to achieve, perseverance is the key to success. It is the driving force that pushes us to keep going when the road ahead seems tough and unyielding.Moreover, perseverance instills in us a sense of purpose and direction. When we persevere, we are morelikely to set clear goals and work towards them with determination. This focus and direction not only help us achieve our aims but also give our lives a sense of purpose and fulfillment.However, perseverance does not mean stubbornly sticking to one path regardless of obstacles. It also involves adaptability and the ability to pivot when necessary. Sometimes, the wisest course of action is to reevaluate our goals and strategies in the face of insurmountable obstacles. This is not a sign of weakness but rather a display of wisdom and strategic thinking.In conclusion, perseverance is a critical ingredient in the recipe for success. It is the driving force thatpropels us forward in the face of challenges and困难, and the learning experience that helps us grow and adapt. As we journey through life, let us remember that with perseverance, no dream is too big, and no challenge is too great.**中文内容：****标题：面对挑战时的坚持之力**在人生的旅途中，我们遇到各种各样的挑战，这些挑战考验着我们的决心和毅力。
20XX考研英语二大小作文真题解析.doc
2019考研英语二大小作文真题解析今年考研英语二大作文与2018年相比，基本上难度没有太大变化，相对略微降低！小编为大家提供2019考研英语二大小作文真题解析，一起来看看吧！2019考研英语二大作文真题解析2019年考研英语二大作文与2018年相比，基本上难度没有太大变化，相对略微降低。
本文将对2019年考研英语二大作文部分内容详细解析。
真题如下：由图可见，2019年考研英语二的大作文与2011年一样，回归了传统的动态图表考察，并且出现了三个描述对象，相对于2018年真题，语言与单词的描述难度有所降低。
无论哪类型的作文，对图表内容能做出合格的描述，并且保证图表内容与文章的主题相吻合，仍然是2019年考研英语二图表作文考察的重点。
本文将从审题、正文、评分要点三个角度解析2019年考研英语二的大作文。
一、审题2019年考研英语二大作文的考察了动态图表，在图表中出现了三个分项做描述对象，但是与历年动态图真题不一致的地方在于，本次动态图的横轴上并没有出现时间轴，而是三个分项的名称，与之相反的是，两个不同的时间2013年和2018年出现在了右侧分项的位置上，考生在读题的时候要特别谨慎，避免将这两个信息写反。
二、正文部分今年出题人在大作文题干里给出的内容要求没有任何变化：1、描述图表内容;2、揭示并分析文章主题;3、给出个人评价。
所以大作文的内容和结构规划不变，仍分割为三段，按部就班进行。
文章的首段为描图段，即阅卷中最关注的环节，由于图表的不确定性，该环节最能体现考生的真实英语水平，考生需尽量保证单词和语法正确率，特别是两个人说的话，不能出现转述中的语法错误。
同时还要出现一定的语言亮点且尽量避免重复，另外还需要图表描述在内容上能反映主题，并与文章第二段自然衔接。
作文第二段作用是揭示并分析文章主题。
图表相对于图画内容，话题比较简单，可以在第二段直接分析该现象的原因即可，在内容上出题人对考生的发挥并没有严格的限制，紧扣主题，言之成理即可。
2019考研英语(二)真题及答案解析(完整版).doc
2019考研英语真题及答案解析（二）（完整版）参考答案在最后Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations ・ 1 ,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurl more than it 2 .As for me, weighing myself every clay caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale・ That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conficted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym .It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight 7 altering your training program・ The most 8 changes will be observed in skill leveLstrength and inches lostFor these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for meto_ 11 _ my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but Fm constantly 15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake・The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morming weigh-in. Fve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific ftness goals, 19 Im training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1.[A] Besides [B] Therefore [C]Otherwise [D] However2.[AJ helps [BJcares [CJwarns [D] reduces3.[A] initially [B] solely [C] occasionally [D] formally4・[A] recording [B] lowering [C] explaining fD] accepting5.[A] modify [BJ set [CJreview |D] reach6.[A] definition [B] depiction [C] distribution [D] prediction7.[A] due to [Bjregardless of [C] aside from [D] along with8.[A] orderly [B] rigid [C] precise [D] immediate9.[A] claims [Bjudgments [C] reasons [D] methods10.[A] instead [B|though [CJagain [DJindeed11.[A] report [B] share [C] share [D] share12.[A] depend on fB]approve of [C]hold onto [D]account for13.[A] prepare [BJshare [C]share [D] share14.[A] results [BJfeatures [C]rules [D]tests15.[Aj bored [BJanxious [CJhungry [D] sick16.[A] principle |B]secret [C]belief [D]sign17.fA] request [Blnecessity [C]decision [D]wish18.[A] disappointing [BJsurprising [C]restricting [D]consuming19.[A] if because [B]unless [CJuntil [D]consuming20.[A] obsessing [BJdominating ICJpuzzling [DJtriumphingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a chilcfs growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren't bom knowing how to say "I，m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends - and theirown consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing・In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable- ifs the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. "There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve/' says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't binary 一feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities・ Too much happiness can be destructive.And quilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opporlunity. Work by Tina Malti , a psychology professor at the University of Toronto .suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing. Some Kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa : High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children. Using caregiver assessments and the children's self-observations, she rated each child's overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones share more, even though they hadn't magically become more sympathetic to the other child's deprivation.“That's good news,' Malti says, "Wc can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret/721.Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help _________ ・A.regulate a child's basic emotionsB.improve a child's intellectual abilityC.foster a child's moral developmentD.intensify a child's positive feelings22.According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be _________ ・A.deceptiveB.burdensomeC.addictiveD.inexcusable23.Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that__________ .A.emotions are context-independentB.emotions are socially constructiveC・ emotio nal stability can ben efit healthD. an emotion can play opposing roles24.Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing ________ ・A.may help correct emotional deficienciesB.can result from either sympathy or guiltC・ can bring about emotional satisfactionD. may be the outcome of impulsive acts25.The word "transgressions^ (Line 4, Para. 5) is closest in meaning to _________ ・A.teachingsB.discussionsC・ restrictionsD. wrongdoingsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder callenges in the fight against climate change ・Even as we huma ns count on forests to soak up a good share of the carb on dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so.The climate change we are hastening could one clay leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap - but it involves striking a subtle balance・ Helping forests flourish as valuable n carbon sink s” long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now・ Califormia is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details・The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clearbrush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity・ But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forests capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 201(),drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California plans to treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030 - financed from the proceeds of the state* s emissions- permit auctions• That r s only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, but traditionally they've focused on wildlife, watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon・ Califormi^s plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a model.26.By saying “one of the harder challenges /5the author implies that ___________ ・A.global climate change may get out of controlB.people may misunderstand global warmingC・ extreme weather conditions may ariseD. forests may become a potential threat27.To maintain forests as valuable “carbon sinks/ we may need to_____________ ・A.preserve the diversity of species in themB.accelerate the growth of young treesC.strike a balanee among different plantsD.1 ower their present carbon-absorbing capacity2& California^ Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to ________ ・A.cultivate more drought-resistant treesB.reduce the density of some of its forestsC・ find more effective ways to kill insectsD. restore its forests quickly after wildfires29.What is essential to California's plan according to Paragraph 5?A.To handle the areas in serious danger first.B.To cairy it out before the year of 2020.C.To perfect the emissions-permit auctions・D.To obtain enough financial support・30.The author's attitude to California^ plan can best be described as __________.A.ambiguousB.tolerantC.supportiveD.cautiousText 3American farmers have been complaining of labor shortages for several years now. Given a multi-year decline in illegal immigration, and a similarly sustained pickup in the U.S. job market, the complaints are unlikely to stop without an overhaul of immigration rules for farm workers.Efforts to create a more straightforward agricultural-workers visa that would enable foreign workers to stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry have so far failed in Congress・ If this doesn^t change, American businesses, communities and consumers will be the losers・Perhaps half of U.S. farm laborers are undocumented immigrants. As fewer such workers enter the U.S., the characteristics of the agricultural workforce are changing. Today's farm laborers, while still predominantly born in Mexico, are more likely to be settled, rather than migrating, and more likely to be married than single. They are also aging. At the start of this century, about one-third of crop workers were over the age of 35・ Now, more than half are. And crop picking is hard on older bodies.One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it has been all along: Native U.S. workers won't be returning to the farm.Mechanization is not the answer either 一not yet at least. Production of corn, cotton, rice, soybeans and wheat have been largely mechanized, but many high-value，labor-intensive crops, such asstrawberries, need labor. Even dairy farms, where robots currently do only a small share of milking, have a long way to go before they are automated・As a result, farms have grown increasingly reliant on temporaiy guest workers using the H-2A visa to fill the gaps in the agricultural workforce. Starting around 2012, requests for the visas rose sharply; from 2011 to 2016 the number of visas issued more than doubled・The H-2A visa has no numerical cap、unlike the H-2B visa for nonagricultural work, which is limited to 66,000 armually. Even so, employers frequently complain that they aren5t allotted all the workers they need・The process is cumbersome, expensive and unreliable・One survey found that bureaucratic delays led H-2A workers to arrive on the job an average of 22 days late. And the shortage is compounded by federal immigration raids, which remove some workers and drive others underground・In a 2012 survey，71 percent of tree-fruit growers and nearly 80 percent of raisin and berry growers said they were short of labor. Some western growers have responded by moving operations to Mexico. From 1998-2000, 14.5 percent of the fruit Americans consumed was imported. Little more than a decade later, the share of imported fruit had increased to 25.8 percent.In effect, the U.S. can import food or it can import the workers who pick it・31 ・What problem should be addressed according to the first two paragraphs?A.Discrimination against foreign workers in the U.S.B.Biased laws in favor of some American businesses.C.Flaws in U.S. immigration rules for farm workers・D.Decline of job opportunities in U・S・ agriculture ・32.One trouble with U.S. agricultural workforce is ________ ・A.the rising number of illegal immigrantsB.the high mobility of crop workersC.the lack of experienced laborersD.the aging of immigrant farm workers33.What is the much-argued solution to the labor shortage in U.S. farming?A. To attract younger laborers to farm work・B・ To get native U.S. workers back to farming.C.To use more robots to grow high-value crops・D.To strengthen financial support for farmers.34.Agricultural employers complain about the H-2A visa for its ____ .A.slow granting proceduresB.limit on duration of stayC.tightened requirementsD.control of annual admissions35.Which of the following could be the best title for this text?A.U.S. Agriculture in Decline?B.Import Food or Labor?C.America Saved by Mexico?D.Manpower vs. Automation?Text 4Arnold Schwarzenegger, Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you: Ifs easy to beat plastic・ TheyYe part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day 一encouraging you, the consumer, to swap out your single-use plastic staples like straws and cutlery to combat the plastics crisis.The key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to enact legislation to curb single-use plastics. But the overarching message is directed at individuals.My concern with leaving it up to the individual, however, is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved. On their own, taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us. They could even be detrimental, satisfying a need to have "done our bit M without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actio ns — a kind of H moral licensi ng” tha t allays our con cer ns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge ・While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws, vveYe ignoring the balance of power that implies that as"consumers” we must shop sustainably, rather than as "citizens" hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change・It's important to acknowledge that the environment isn't everyone's priority 一or even most people's. We shouldn f t expect it to be. In her latest book, Why Good People Do Bad Environmental Things, Wellesley College professor Elizabeth R・ DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural.This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action, or banning single-use plastics altogether. India has just announced it will "eliminate all single-use plastic in the country by 2022.H There are also incentive-based ways of making better envi 「onmental choices easier, such as ensuring recycling is at least as easy as trash disposal.DeSombre isn f t saying people should slop caring about the environment. Ifs just that in dividual actio ns are too slow, she says, for that to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior.None of this is about writing off the individual. If s just about putting things into perspective. We don't have time to wait. We need progressive policies that shape collective action (and rein in polluting businesses), alongside engaged citizens pushing for change・36.Some celebrities star in a new video toA.demand new laws on the use of plasticsB.urge consumers to cut the use of plasticsC.invite public opinion on the plastics crisisD.disclose the causes of the plastics crisis37.The author is concerned that "moral licensing" mayA.mislead us into doing worthless thingsB.prevent us from making further effortsC.weaken our sense of accomplishmentD.suppress our desire for success38.By pointing out our identity as u citizens/\the author indicates thatA: our focus should be shifted to community welfareB: our relationship with local industries is improvingC: We have been actively exercising our civil rightsD: We should press our government to lead the combat39.DeSombre argues that the best way for a collective change should beA: a win-win arrangementB: a self-driven mechanismC: a cost-effective approachD: a top down process40.The author concludes that individual effortsA: can be too aggressiveB: can be too inconsistentC: are far from sufficientD: are far from rationalPart BDirections:You are going to read a list of headings and a text. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET・(10 points)Five ways to make conversation with anyoneIn choosing a new home, Camille McClain's kids have a single demand: a backyard・McClain's little ones aren^t the only kids who have an opinion when it comes to housing, and in many cases youngsters" views weigh heavily on parents' real estate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2,000 U.S. adults.While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, realty agents and psychologists have mixed views about the financial, personal and long-term effects kids，opinions may have・The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, said Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago."Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system/' he said.Greg Jaroszewski, a real estate brokers with Gagliardo Realty Associates, said he's not convincedthat kids should be involved in selecting a home ― but their opinions should be considered in regards to proximity to friends and social activities, if possible・Younger children should feel like they're choosing their home ― without actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York.Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them foel like they^re being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.Many of the aspects of homebuying aren't a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase."Speaking with your childre n before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I would n't base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.n Hampson said.The other issue is that many children - especially older ones - may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron NoiTis of The Norris Group in Riverside ,Calif ・“They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us,” he said. "HGT V has seriously changed how people view real estate. It，s not shelter , it's a lifestyle・ With that mindset change come some serious money consequences.MKids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Noiris said.Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time, said Julie Gumer, a real estate analyst with ."Their opinions can change tomorrow/9 Gumer said. "Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child's opinions, but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best - and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own."This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch.A. remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children.A.remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to childreru41.Ryan HooperB.says that it is wise to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions・42.Adam BaileyC- advises that home purchases should not be based only on children's opinions.43.Tracey HampsonD.thinks that children should be given a sense of involvement in homebuying decisions・44.Aaron NorrisE.notes that aspects like children's friends and social activities should be considered upon homebuyin g.45・ Julie GurnerF.believes that homebuying decisions should be based on children's needs rather than their opinions.G.assumes that many children's views on real estate are influenced by the media.Section III Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese・ Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)It is easy to underestimate English writer James Heriot. He had such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it. How many times have I heard people say T could write a book・ I just haven't the time.11 Easily said. Not so easily done・ James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it/'having a go at the writing game"・ While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final, polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practisin g・ re-writi ng and read in g・ Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed・ Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception・Section IV WritingPart A47、Directions： Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit professor Smith, write him an email toSuppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Write him an email to1)suggest a specific topic with your reasons, and2)tell him about your arrangements・You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHETE.Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming H instead (lOpoints)Part B48 > Directions： Write an essay based on the chart below .In your writing , you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your commentsYou should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET・(15 points)【完型填空答案】 1. [D] However 2. [A] helps 3. [B] solely4. [B] lowering5. [D] reach6. [B] depiction7. [A] due to8. [D] immediate 9. [C] reasons 10. [A] instead 11. [A] track 12. [D] account for13. [B] adjust14. [A] results15. [C] hungry16. [D] sign17. [C] decision18. [A] disappointing19. [Al because20. [A] obsessing 参考答案某高校2013年和2018年本科毕业生去向统计Section I Use of English70 0% J j 60.0% J ISUg -J I40.0% j30.0% 420,0% -j10.0% ]I0.0% 4—68.1%就业 升学创业■ 2013 □ 2018Section II Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A【阅读答案】Text 121. [C] foster a child's moral development22. ⑻burdensome23. [D] an emotion can play opposing roles24. IB] can result from either sympahty or guilt25. |D1 wrongdoingsText 226. [D] forests may become a potential threat27. ID] lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity28. IB] reduce the density of some of its forests29. [A] To handle the areas in serious danger first30. [C] supportiveText 331. [C] Flaws in U. S. immigratinon rules for farm workers.32. [D] the aging of immigrant farm workers33. [B] To get native U.S. workers back to farming.34. [A] slow graning procedures.35. IB] Import Food or Labor?Text 436. [B] urge consumers to cut the use of plastics37. [B] prevent us from making further efforts3& [D] We should press our government to lead the combat39. |D1 a top down process40. [C] are far from sufficientPart B【新题型答案】41 ・[A] remarks that significant moves may pose challenges to children42.[D] thinks that children should be given a sense of involvement in homebuying decision43.[C] advises that home purchases should not be based only on children^ opinions44.[G] assumes that many children's views on real estate are influenced by the media45.[F] believes that homebuying decisions should be based on children's needs rather than their opinions.Section IH Translation【翻译答案】我们很容易低估英国作家吉米•哈利。
2019考研英语二真题大作文原味解析版
2019考研英语二真题大作文原味解析版--文章来源：文都教育今天的2019考研英语二真题的大作文题目仍旧是图线作文，属于柱形图。
我们来分析一下题目要求：Directions: Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay you should interpret the chart and give your comments.You should write about 150 words nearly on the Answer Sheet.(15 points)首先，我们要仔细审题，这幅柱形图中明显显示了高校2013年到2018年的毕业后的选择去向，有大多数的同学选择就业，最小部分的同学选择创业。
但是另外我们也要看到升学的学生数量有上升趋势，就业的学生数量略有下降的趋势。
然后我们要构思自己的思路，还是采用我们熟知的三段式，首段我们要描述柱形图。
突出特点。
中间段我们要解释现象背后的原因，我们可以从学生自身和社会大环境进行多维度分析，这样思路才会打开。
最后一段，我们要写出建议和未来的生活的期望。
具体我们看一下下面的范文。
This bar chart above looks into the choices that concern graduates most when they settle down after schooling. With the staggering economy, most graduates choose to find a job after they leave school, even though there is a decline of about 8 percentage in 2018, comparing that in 2013. The least part of them choose to establish their own business after graduation, with 1.3 percentage in 2013 and 2.6 percentage in 2018. As to the students who ask for further study, it accounts for 26.3 percentage in 2013 and 34 percentage in 2018. Besides, we can see from the chart that more students choose to continue to study instead of working after education，comparing those in 2013.译文：以上的柱形图分析了高校毕业生在毕业后的选择。
(完整word)2019考研英语二大作文真题解析
2019考研英语二大作文真题解析-—跨考教育英语教研室汪婵娟2019年考研英语已经结束，就大作文而言并不难,图表类型在课上一再强调过了。
从2010年到2014年作文全是柱状图考法,2015年-2016年是饼状图,2017年那一年是折线图，2018年又是饼状图。
考了这么多年的柱状图和饼状图，所以认为去年考了饼状图今年应该不会再考了，而折线图也已经刚刚考，考的可能性也不是很大，所以我认为今年考柱状图的可能性会大很多，因为已经连着四年没考了，那些命题的老头老太太们思想迂腐肯定也会这样觉得的。
课上我建议大家重点复习柱状图,果不其然，2019年大作文英语二考了柱状图。
What looks abundantly clear in this bar chart is that a change has taken place in graduate students 'choices in the year of 2013 and 2018.In the light of the data offered，we can see that the number of those choosing to engage in a job declined slightly, decreasing approximately 8％, from 68。
1% in 2013 to 60。
7% in 2018。
On the contrary， the amount of those who selected to pursue further study rose remarkably， increasing roughly 8%. While the quantity of those who started a business remained stable and steady，accounting for the least proportions.It is of no difficulty for us to come up with some factors responsible for these changes。
2019英语二大小作文真题详细解析
2019考研英语二大小作文真题详细解析——跨考教育英语教研室李波2019级考研英语二结束之后，我看到大家发的状态非常好，这也反映出了今年英语二试卷的难易程度。
整体来看，英语二的试卷偏向于简单，写作也是如此。
横向与英语一对比，英语二试卷比英语一简单太多，纵向和历年真题对比，今年的英语二试卷也是比较简单的。
下面跨考教育英语教研室李波老师全面给大家解析英语二的大小作文。
首先，小作文。
今年英语二小作文的题目是：Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Write him an email to 1）Suggest a specific topic with your reasons, and 2）Tell him about your arrangements. 对于这个题目而言，大家会觉得很熟悉，因为，考查的是电子邮件，电子邮件的写法和书信的写法一样。
但是，大家又会觉得非常陌生，因为这个这种类型的书信平时大家很少写。
尤其是有些同学不认识debate这个单词，那就麻烦啦，这个词今年已经上了微博热搜了。
那么，这种介绍信到底该怎么写呢？其实不难！这个辩论赛的安排与活动类的通知很相似。
按照书信的基本结构，分成三段来写。
第一段写写3句话。
第一句是背景介绍。
这个背景是一定要写的，要不然直接写写信目的话会感觉很唐突。
背景介绍这样写：很高兴收到这个辩论赛策划的任务。
第二句是写信目的。
写信目的是每篇书信小作文中都必须写的。
写信目的这样写：我写这封信的目的是提出这个关于交通辩论赛的主题，即交通的堵塞与疏通。
第三句写选这个主题的原因，可以这样写：交通堵塞是目前城市中很严重的问题，选择这个主题对选手们很容易发挥，一定会非常精彩。
第二段大概写4句话。
第一句是段落主题句。
所谓段落主题句就是统领这一段，主旨句可以这样写：此次辩论赛具体安排如下。
2019年考研英语(二)真题及详解【圣才出品】
2019年考研英语（二）真题及详解Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.(1)_____ when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it (2)_____.As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing (3)_____ on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of (4)_____ the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to (5)_____ my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate (6)_____ of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight (7)_____ altering your training program. The most (8)_____ changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these (9)_____, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule (10)_____. Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to (11)_____ my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and (12)_____ any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to (13)_____ my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in (14)_____ to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly (15)_____ and dropping weight, this is a (16)_____ that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a (18)_____ morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, (19)_____ I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than (20)_____ over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. HoweverD. Besides2. A. caresB. warnsC. reducesD. helps3. A. solelyB. occasionallyC. formallyD. initially4. A. loweringB. explainingC. acceptingD. recording5. A. setB. reviewC. reach 6. A. depictionB. distributionC. predictionD. definition7. A. regardless ofB. aside fromC. along withD. due to8. A. rigidB. preciseC. immediateD. orderly9. A. judgmentsB. reasonsC. methodsD. claims10. A. althoughB. againC. indeed11. A. trackB. overlookC. concealD. report12. A. approve ofB. hold ontoC. account forD. depend on13. A. shareB. adjustC. confirmD. prepare14. A. featuresB. rulesC. testsD. results15. A. anxiousB. hungryC. sick16. A. secretB. beliefC. signD. principle17. A. necessityB. decisionC. wishD. request18. A. surprisingB. restrictingC. consumingD. disappointing19. A. becauseB. unlessC. untilD. if20. A. dominatingB. puzzlingC. triumphing【答案与解析】1. C 文章首段交代了全文主旨，定期称重是关注体重波动的极佳方式，但是如果过于频繁，可能会弊大于利。
2019年考研英语二真题答案及解析
2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题解析Section I Use of English1、【答案】[CJ However ［解析】此处考察逻捐关系。
首段提出文浮中心定期称保自己是一种解任何显著的的体重波动的好方法。
空格所在句指出,_,如果太频繁，这种习惯有时会造成损杏．前义wonderful way (好方法）与后义hurt (损杏）形成转折关系，故埴入however (然而）．另外，however也是考研究形捂空中的森狈词。
其他选项．therefore (因此），otherwise (否则）和besides (此外）此处不符合语境，故正确答案为[CJ However, 2、【答案】[DJ helps...-【解析】此处无察反义复现．空格所在句指出：this habit can sometimes hu )J _more than it_ (这种习惯的坏处/� 要比一多），应该是help (有帮助，有好处），与前文hurt (损岩）形命反义复现．其他选项：Cares (关＂ 心），warns (警告），reduces (· 少，致使）均不能与hur t 形成呼应，故正确答案为[D J helps. 3、［答案】[A]solely h 【解析】此处考察同义复现＋词义辨析．空格所在句括出·幻俄，每天称自己的重舟让我把注芯力从保持健股和好动转移到—专注干体重种.11汃solel y (仅仅）语义通顺。
另外本句focus i ng solely o o tbe scale中的沁lely（仅仅）与本段后义thinking only o: _ t he number on the sca l e 的o n ly 形｝戊了同义复现。
故正确答案为(A]sole l y。
4、［答案】(A]lowering ［解析】此处叱察词义辨析中反义复现。
空格所在句指出：我狩经以卅加肌肉含碌而卅亚，但后米只为虑一体重的数踩，我改变了我的训练方案。
2019考研英语二大作文解析
2019考研英语二大作文解析2019年考研英语二大作文难度适中，小编为大家提供2019考研英语二大作文解析，赶紧和小编一起来看看吧！希望对大家有所帮助！2019考研英语二大作文解析一. 审题该图表反应毕业生毕业后的选择，这幅图表想要告知我们的是从2013-2018年大学毕业生选择升学和创业的比例都升高了，而选择就业的比例就相对减少了。
关于此类话题，在作文冲刺班课程中已经重点提及过，相关的主题词就业search for a job，升学pursue further study，创业start a business等都是我们课堂上讲解过得，自己翻译起来应该还是比较简单的。
二.谋篇布局第一段：描述图表。
针对这种柱状图，我们在写作课堂上，屡次给大家提到了柱状图的分析思路和可直接套用的模板。
只要大家按照模板，再结合主题词的翻译，可以在很短的时间内搞定第一段。
另外，第一段一个很重要的部分就是标题文字翻译，可以翻译为choices after graduation for undergraduates in 2013 and 2018。
第二段：分析原因。
图表所呈现的现象是本科毕业生毕业后的选择，越来越多会去求学和创业。
引起这种现象的原因很明显，可以从两个角度去展开分析：1. 社会的发展，以及目前对于教育的重视，和对于高学历人才的需求增多2.国家经济和个人财富的发展，对于创业有了更多的资本以及国家对于创业和追求高学历的政策支持。
第三段：提出自身见解，加以合理展望。
第三段简单介绍下这种趋势的发展情况，预测这种趋势还会这样持续下去。
总而言之，2019年的英语二大作文，继续延续了历年的出题特点，难度适中，结合模板的套用比较简单。
最后祝大家考研金榜题名!。
2019年全国硕士研究生考研英语二真题及答案详细解析
2019年全国硕士研究生考研英语二真题及答案详细解析SectionⅠ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 , when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in weight 7 altering your training program. The most 8 changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these 9 , I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule 10 . Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for me to 11 my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observe and 12 any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to 13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in 14 to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I’m constantly15 and dropping weight, this is a 16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The 17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I’m experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a 18 morning weigh-in. I’ve also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals, 19 I’m training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than 20 over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. [A] Besides [B] Therefore [C] Otherwise [D] However2. [A] helps [B] cares [C] warns [D] reduces3. [A] initially [B] solely [C] occasionally [D] formally4. [A] recording [B] lowering [C] explaining [D] accepting5. [A] modify [B] set [C] review [D] reach6. [A] definition [B] depiction [C] distribution [D] prediction7. [A] due to [B] regardless of [C] aside from [D] along with8. [A] orderly [B] rigid [C] precise [D] immediate9. [A] claims [B] judgments [C] reasons [D] methods10. [A] instead [B] though [C] again [D] indeed11. [A] report [B] share [C] share [D] share12. [A] depend on [B] approve of [C] hold onto [D] account for13. [A] prepare [B] adjust [C] confirm [D] prepare14. [A] results [B] features [C] rules [D] tests15. [A] bored [B] anxious [C] hungry [D] sick16. [A] principle [B] secret [C] belief [D] sign17. [A] request [B] necessity [C] decision [D] wish18. [A] disappointing [B] surprising [C] restricting [D] consuming19. [A] if because [B] unless [C] until [D] consuming20. [A] obsessing [B] dominating [C] puzzling [D] triumphingSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness, fear, and anger, guilt emerges a little later, in conjunction with a child's growing grasp of social and moral norms. Children aren’t born knowing how to say “I’m sorry”; rather, they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends -- and their own consciences. This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt, in the right amount, to be a good thing.In the popular imagination, of course, guilt still gets a bad rap. It is deeply uncomfortable -- it’s the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated. “There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,” says Amrisha Vaish, a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia, adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't binary --feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another. Jealousy and anger, for example, may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities. Too much happiness can be destructive.And guilt, by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness, can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships. Guilt, in other words, can help hold a cooperative species together. It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light, guilt is an opportunity. Work by Tina Malti, a psychology professor at the University of Toronto, suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency. In a number of studies, Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing Some Kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt, which can rein in their nastier impulses. And vice versa: High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a 2014 study, for example, Malti looked at 244 children Using caregiver assessments and the children’s self-observations, she rated each child’s overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions. Then the kids were handed chocolate coins, and given a chance to shared them with an anonymous child. For the low-sympathy kids, how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty. The guilt-prone ones shared more, even though they hadn’t magically become more sympathetic to the other child’s deprivation.“ That’s good news,” Malti says. “We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret,”21.Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help_______.[A] regulate a child’s basic emotions[B] improve a child’s intellectual ability[C] foster a child’s moral development[D] intensify a child’s positive feelings22.According to Paragraph 2, many people still consider guilt to be________.[A] deceptive [B] burdensome[C] addictive [D] inexcusable23.Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that________.[A] emotions are context-independent [B] emotions are socially constructive[C] emotional stability can benefit health [D] an emotion can play opposing roles24.Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing_______.[A] may help correct emotional deficiencies [B] can result form either sympathy or guilt[C] can bring about emotional satisfaction [D] may be the outcome of impulsive acts25.The word “transgressions”(Line 4, Para. 5) is closest in meaning to_______.[A] teachings [B] discussions[C] restrictions [D] wrongdoingsText 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change. Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so. The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap-but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable “carbon sinks” long into the future may require reducing their capacity to sequester carbon now. California is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The state’s proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest, including by controlled burning. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forest’s capacity to pull carbon from the air. Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects. The landscape is rendered less easily burnable. Even in the event of a fire, fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent. Already, since 2010, drought and insects have killed over 100 million trees in California, most of them in 2016 alone, and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California’s plans treat 35,000 acres of forest a year by 2020, and 60,000 by 2030 -financed from the proceeds of the state’s emissions-permit auctions. That’s only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit, about half a million acres in all, so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels. New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests, but traditionally they’ve focused on wildlife,watersheds and opportunities for recreation. Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon. Califormia’s plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor next year, should serve as a model.26.By saying “one of the harder challenges,” the author implies that________.[A] global climate change may get out of control[B] people may misunderstand global warming[C] extreme weather conditions may arise[D] forests may become a potential threat27.To maintain forests as valuable “carbon sinks,” we may need to_______.[A] preserve the diversity of species in them[B] accelerate the growth of young trees[C] strike a balance among different plants[D] lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity28.California’s Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to________ .[A] cultivate more drought-resistant trees[B] reduce the density of some of its forests[C] find more effective ways to kill insects[D] restore its forests quickly after wildfires29.Wh at is essential to California’s plan according to Paragraph 5?[A] To handle the areas in serious danger first.[B] To carry it out before the year of 2020.[C] To perfect the emissions-permit auctions.[D] To obtain enough financial support.30.The author’s attitude to California’s plan can best be described as________.[A] ambiguous [B] tolerant [C] supportive [D] cautiousText 3American farmers have been complaining of labor shortages for several years now.Given a multi- year decline in illegal immigration, and a similarly sustained pickup in the U.S. job market, the complaints are unlikely to stop without an overhaul of immigration rules for farm workers.Efforts to crate a more straightforward agricultural-workers visa that would enable foreign workers to stay longer in the U.S. and change jobs within the industry have so far failed in Congress.If this doesn’t change.American munities and consumers will be the losers.Perhaps half of U.S. farm laborers are undocumented immigrants. As fewer such workers enter the U.S., the characteristics of the agricultural workforce are changing. Today’s farm laborers, while still predominantly born in Mexico, are more likely to be settled, rather than migrating, and more likely to be married than single. They are also aging. At the start of this century, about one-third of crop workers were over the age of 35. Now, more than half are. And crop picking is hard on older bodies. One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it has been all along: Native U.S. workers won’t be returning to the farm.Mechanization is not the answer either—not yet at least. Production of com,cotton, rice, soybeans and wheat has been largely mechanized, but many high-value, labor-intensive crops, such as strawberries, need labor. Even dairy farms,where robots do a small share of milking, have a long way to go before they are automated.As a result, farms have grown increasingly reliant on temporary guest workers using the H-2A visa to fill the gaps in the agricultural workforce. Starting around 2012, requests for the visas rose sharply; from 2011 to 2016 the number of visas issued more than doubled.The H-2A visa has no numerical cap, unlike the H-2B visa for nonagricultural work, which is limited to 66,000 annually.Even so,employers frequently complain they aren’t allotted all the workers they need.The process is cumbersome,expensive,and unreliable. One survey found that bureaucratic delays led H-2A worker to arrive on the job an average of 22 days late. And the shortage is compounded by federal immigration raids, which remove some workers and drive others underground.In a 2012 survey, 71 percent of tree-fruit growers and nearly 80 percent of raisin and berry growers said they were short of labor. Some western growers have responded by moving operations to Mexico. From 1998-2000, 14.5 percent of the fruit Americans consumed was imported. Little more than a decade later, the share of imported fruit had increased to 25.8 percent.In effect, the U.S. can import food or it can import the workers who pick it.31. What problem should be addressed according to the first two paragraphs?[A] Discrimination against foreign workers in the U.S.[B] Biased laws in favor of some American businesses.[C] Flaws in U.S. immigration rules for farm workers.[D] Decline of job opportunities in U.S. agriculture.32.One trouble with U.S. agricultural workforce is________.[A] the rising number of illegal immigrants [B] the high mobility of crop workers[C] the lack of experienced laborers [D] the aging of immigrant farm workers33.What is the much-argued solution to the labor shortage in U.S. farming?[A] To attract younger laborers to farm work.[B] To get native U.S. workers back to farming.[C] To use more robots to grow high-value crops.[D] To strengthen financial support for farmers.34.Agricultural employers complain about the H-2A visa for its________.[A] slow granting procedures [B] limit on duration of stay[C] tightened requirements [D] control of annual admissions35.Which of the following could be the best title for this text?[A] U.S. Agriculture in Decline? [B] Import Food or Labor?[C] America Saved by Mexico? [D] Manpower vs. Automation?Text 4Arnold Schwarzenegger, Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you: It’s easy to beat plastic. They’re part of a bunch of celebrities staring in a new video for World Environment Day—encouraging you, the consumer, to swap out your single-use plastic staples like straws and cutlery to combat the plastic crisis.The key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to enact legislation to curb single-us plastics. But the overarching message is directed at individuals.My concern with leaving it up to the individual, however, is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved. On their own, taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws, for example, will accomplish little and require very little of us. They could even be detrimental, satisfying a need to have “done our bit” without ever progressing onto bigger, bolder, more effective actions —a kind of “moral licensing” that all ays our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws, we’re ignoring the balance of power that implies that as “consumers” we must shop sustainably, rather than as “citizens” hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.It’s important to acknowledge that the environment isn’t everyone’s priority - or even most people’s. We sho uldn’t expect it to be. In her latest book, Why Good People Do Bad Environmental Things, Wellesley College professor Elizabeth R. DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural.This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action, or banning single-use plastics altogether. India has just announced it will “eliminate all single-use plastic in the country by 2022.” There are also incentive-based ways of making better environmental choices easier, such as ensuring recycling is at least as easy as trash disposal.DeSombre isn’t saying people should stop caring about the environment. It’s just that individual actions ar e too slow, she says, for that to be the only, or even primary, approach to changing widespread behavior.None of this is about writing off the individual. It’s just about putting things into perspective. We don’t have time to wait. We need progressive policies that shape collective action (and rein in polluting businesses), alongside engaged citizens pushing for change.36. Some celebrities star in a new video to.[A] demand new laws on the use of plastics [B] urge consumers to cut the use of plastics[C] invite public opinion on the plastics crisis [D] disc lose the causes of the plastics crisis37. The author is concerned that “moral licensing” may[A] mislead us into doing worthless things[B] prevent us from making further efforts[C] weaken our sense of accomplishment[D] suppress our desire for success38. By pointing out our identity as “citizens,”,the author indicates that[A] our focus should be shifted shifted to community welfare[B] our relationship with local industries is improving[C] We have been actively exercising our civil rights[D] We should press our government to lead the combat39. DeSombre argues that the best way for a collective change should be.[A] a win-win arrangement [B] a self-driven mechanism[C] a cost-effective approach [D] a top down process40. The author concludes that individual efforts[A] can be too aggressive [B] can be too inconsistent[C] are far from sufficient [D] are far from rationalPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitles from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45).There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Five ways to make conversation with anyoneI n choosing a new home, Camille McClain’s kids have a single demand: a backyard.McClain’s little ones aren’t the only kids who have an option when it comes to housing, and in many cases youngsters’ views weigh heavily on parents’ real estate decisions, according to a 2018 Harris Poll survey of more than 2000 US adults.While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions, reality agents and psychologists have mixed views about the financial, personal and long-term effects kids’ opinions may have.The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process, and Ryan Hooper, a clinical psychologist in Chicago.“Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves, especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,” he said.Greg Jaroszewski, a real estate brokers with Gag liardo Realty Associates, said he’s not convinced that kids should be involved in selecting a home --- but their options should be considered to regards to proximity to friends and social activities, if possible.Younger children should feel like they’re choosing their home --- without actually getting a choice in the matter, said Adam Bailey, a real estate attorney based in New York.Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like they’re being included in the decision-making process, Bailey said.Many of the aspects of home buying aren’t a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif. And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase.“Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise, but I wouldn’t base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions.” Hampson said.The other issue is that many children - especially older ones - may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows, said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside , Calif .“They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us,” he said. “HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate. It’s not shelter , it’s a lifestyle. With that mindset change come some serious money consequences.”Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Norris said.Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time, said Julie Gurner, a real estate analyst with .“Their opinions can change tomorrow,” Gurner said. “Harsh as it may be to say, that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child’s opinions, b ut rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best - and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own.”This advice is more relevant now than ever before, even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children, despite the current housing crunch.Section Ⅲ Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) It is easy to underestimate English writer James Heriot. He had such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it. How many times have I heard people say, “I could write a book, I just haven’t the time” Easily said. Not so easily done. James Herriot, contrary to popular opinion, did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it, “having a go at the writing game”. While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent, the final, polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practicing, re-writing and reading. Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed. Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literacy field was no exception.Section ⅣWritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit professor Smith, write him an email to Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Wrote him an email to1) suggest a specific with your reasons, and2) tell him about your arrangements.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHETE.Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead(10 points)Part B48. Directions：Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, you should1) interpret the chart,and2) give your commentsYou should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)2019 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题解析Section I Use of English1【答案】D However【解析】此处考察逻辑关系。