主从复合句：宾语从句
外教一对一
主从复合句：宾语从句
宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中可作及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的连词不同，宾语从句可分为三类：
●由that引导的宾语从句。
that只有语法作用，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
●由连接代词who， whom， whose， what， which和连接副词when， where， why， how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
●由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
学习宾语从句应注意：连词和代词的选择，语序和时态的一致。
宾语从句的三种类型：
类型例句备注
that引导 I am sure (that) he will succeed.
I hear (that) p hysics isn’t easy.
that可省略;
由陈述句变化而来
连接代词who， whom， whose， what， which和连接副词when， where， why， how引导 He asked whose handwriting was the best.
I don’t know why the train is late.
Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?
I don’t know what’s the ma tter with Bob?
连接词担任句子成分;
由特殊疑问句变化而来
续表
类型例句备注
if或whether引导 I want to know if / whether he lives there.
外教一对一 He asked me whether / if I could help him.
If和whether意为“是否”;
由一般疑问句变化而来
特别提示：
·宾语从句的人称一致。
例如：
She said，“I am much better than before. ”→She said that she was much better than before.
·宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序。
例如：
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
·主从句的时态要统一。
主句是一般过去时，从句应该用相应的过去时态。
但如果宾语从句的内容是客观真理，其时态仍用一般现在时。
例如：
He said that he would go back to the U. S. soon. (过去将来时)
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. (客观真理)
·由连接词whether/if引导宾语从句时，whether和if 常可互换，但下列场合一般用whether：
介词后的宾语从句：I’m thinking of whether he’ll come.
与or not连用：I don’t know whether I should go or not.
与动词不定式连用：We don’t know whether to go or stay.
跟在动词discuss后面：They discussed whether they should hold the meeting.
· 动词think， believe， suppose， imagine， expect引导的宾语从句，需要表示否定意义，不在宾语从句中否定，在主句中否定。
例如：
I don’t think that English is easy.
I don’t suppose she can get so much money.
直击考点
单项填空。
外教一对一
1. —Excuse me. Could you tell me later on?
—Wait a minute. It is coming in ten minutes.
A. if the next train arrives
B. if the next train will arrive
C. when the next train arrives
D. when will the next train arrive
(07年临沂)
【答案】 B
【解析】从答句It is coming in ten minutes(十分钟后到)可知，询问内容是下一班火车将要到达的时间，从句要用一般将来时，宾语从句应该是陈述句语序。
2. —Did Mr White tell you ?
—Yes. He said he went there in 2003.
A. when he traveled to Tibet
B. how he goes to Wuhan
C. where he spent his holidays
D. why did he visit Kunming
(07年福州)
【答案】 A。
宾语从句是主从复合句的一种主从复合句是由一个主句和一
7） Jim doesn’t understand __B_____. A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping
Example: ----Has Tom been here ? ----No. I don’t know if hewill come (come)here . ----I will call (call)you if he comes (come).
注意：
When表“当……时”时，是状语从句。
-- I’ll show you.
3 – I am not sure when / whether Tony will come or not.
-- No, he isn’t. 4 – I want to know how long / old
he is. -- He is ten years old.
→现在完成时Fra bibliotek→一般过去时
→
过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时
一般将来时
→
过去将来时
三、宾语从句注意事项
(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：
What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.
初中英语语法主从复合句
初中英语语法主从复合句主从复合句是指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
从句在句子中充当一个名词、形容词或副词的角色。
主从复合句的主句表示一个完整的意思，而从句则依附在主句中，充当主句的一个组成部分。
以下是主从复合句的几种常见类型：1. 名词从句名词从句在句子中充当主句的宾语、主语、表语或介词宾语等角色。
例如：- I know [that she is my friend].（宾语从句）- [What you said] makes sense.（主语从句）- His hope is [that he will win the game].（表语从句）- She is interested in [what you are doing].（介词宾语从句）2. 定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，通常用来提供额外的信息。
通常由关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that）引导。
例如：- The boy [who is sitting over there] is my classmate.- This is the book [that I bought yesterday].- The woman [whose car was stolen] reported it to the police.3. 状语从句状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，提供额外的信息。
常见的状语从句有时间状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句和方式状语从句等。
例如：- She went to bed [after she finished her homework].（时间状语从句）- He failed the exam [because he didn't study].（原因状语从句）- They are so tired [that they can't walk anymore].（结果状语从句）- If it rains tomorrow, [we will stay at home].（条件状语从句）- He did it [in the way that she had instructed].（方式状语从句）以上是主从复合句的几种常见类型，。
宾语从句
• ―It is an exciting film‖ Tony says. • Tony says ( that) it was an exciting film
时态人称变化 1.主句为一般现在时和一般将来时，间接引语时态不变
• I said you had ____ _____ my homework. done
• I said you ____ ____ my homework. had done
一般将来时---过去将来时 will do ---would do 现在完成时---过去完成时 have/has done ----had done
由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 eg.
8.I want to know ,―will he go to the park with us?‖ (whether) he will go to the park with us 8.I want to knowif____________________.
5. Can you tell me ____ why you came to school late today? which film they saw 6. Do you know ______ yesterday evening? 7. My uncle asked __________ if / whether I would like to visit the Summer Palace with him. 8. I didn‘t know ____ who they were waiting for over there. 9. Linda wants to know __________ whether / if they can go camping on Sunday or not. how you did the maths 10. Please show me ____ problem yesterday.
宾语从句
宾语从句，是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。
谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、动词现在分词、过去式、过去分词后面都能带宾语从句。
有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
特点宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成分，口语中一般可以省略。
whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。
当if/whether引导宾语从句时，在从句中不做任何成分，但有具体的含义，意为“是否”。
if/whether不能省略。
如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.补充：从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.分类：宾语从句分为三类:（1）动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.时态：1·主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时。
2·主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。
3.当为客观事实和科学真理时，从句为一般现在时。
（2）宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他将在下一年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试. 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won this game?你知道谁赢了这一局游戏吗I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Huawei or Apple smart phone?你决定好是买华为还是苹果的手机了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.（3）动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team arestronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us through the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保 keep in mind 牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been t o the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater. 我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.（when引导时间状语从句，it是代词，代指这种情况） I hate it that i love you.我讨厌我爱你。
主从复合句--宾语从句
主从复合句--宾语从句宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
①基本形式：（主句＋）连词+从句主语+从句谓语+...②关于宾语从句连词的选择：若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether;若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等)例如：They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。
) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should saysomething for him to the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什么。
) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / Heasked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。
) (从句来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? )③宾语从句的时态问题：如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去时；如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。
如：I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。
)/ The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆的。
)④下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待：be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如：I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。
主从复合句的五种基本句型例句
主从复合句的五种基本句型例句一、主从复合句的概念主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子。
从句在主句中充当某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
二、主从复合句的五种基本句型及例句1. 主语从句- 句型结构：从句作主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分。
- 例句：What he said is very important.（他所说的话非常重要。
在这个句子中，“What he said”是主语从句，在整个句子中充当主语，“is”是谓语）2. 宾语从句- 句型结构：主句主语 + 谓语 + 宾语从句（引导词 + 陈述语序句子）。
- 例句：I think that he will come.（我认为他会来。
“I”是主句主语，“think”是谓语，“that he will come”是宾语从句，作“think”的宾语）3. 表语从句- 句型结构：主句主语 + 系动词 + 表语从句。
- 例句：The problem is when we can get a pay rise.（问题是我们什么时候能涨工资。
“The problem”是主句主语，“is”是系动词，“when we can get a pay rise”是表语从句）4. 定语从句- 句型结构：主句（先行词 + 定语从句）。
- 例句：I like the book which/that was written by Lu Xun.（我喜欢鲁迅写的那本书。
“I”是主句主语，“like”是谓语，“the book”是先行词，“which/that was written by Lu Xun”是定语从句，用来修饰“the book”）5. 状语从句- 句型结构：主句 + 状语从句（根据不同的状语从句类型，引导词和结构有所不同）。
- 例句：When I was young, I liked reading very much.（当我年轻的时候，我非常喜欢阅读。
英语宾语从句
英语宾语从句宾语从句（OBJECT CLAUSE）是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
动词+宾语从句例如：Mum doesn't know if/whether he will go to Paris withher.妈妈不知道他是否要参加运动会。
注意：动词词组后面也可跟宾语从句。
例如：makesure确保makeup one's mind下决心keepin mind牢记2.介词+宾语从句例如：He is thinking about what he should bring with him.他正在考虑随身携带什么。
3.形容词+宾语从句例如：Mother is happy that he will go there with her.妈妈很高兴他愿意一起去那里。
这样的形容词有：sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,s urprised等。
基本构成宾语从句的三要素是：语序、连接词和时态。
语序：宾语从句用陈述语序(主谓语序)例如：I wonder when the train will come.我想知道火车什么时候到。
连接词有三种情况：1.that宾语从句为陈述句时，连接词常选择that，有时将that省略。
例如：Mothersays(that)she is ill.妈妈说她病了。
Mothersays(that)she'll be alright in couple of days.妈妈说她过两天就好了。
2.if或whether宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时，连接词常选择if或whether。
只用whether的情况：介词的宾语，whether…or not结构中不能用if替换。
例如：Motherdoesn't know if he can help her.妈妈不知道他是否能帮助她。
宾语从句
=Mr Li told us (that) the moon moves around the
earth
1.以that引导的宾语从句 陈述句变宾语从句用 引导 以 引导的宾语从句. 变宾语从句用that引导 引导的宾语从句 陈述句变宾语从句用 引导.
宾语从句的语序: 二. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句一般由“引导词(连接词） 主语+谓语+ 宾语从句一般由“引导词(连接词）+主语+谓语+ 其它”构成， 语序是陈述句语序 陈述句语序。 其它”构成，其语序是陈述句语序。 Eg：May we ask what you are doing? ： Where does he live? I don’t know. = I don’t know where he lives.
注：当从句的原句为以下句子，语序不变： 当从句的原句为以下句子，语序不变：
What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happening? What happened? Eg: I don’t know what’s the matter.
宾语从句的时态: 三. 宾语从句的时态 主句时态 现在时/将来时 现在时 将来时 过去时 从句时态 相应任何时态 相应过去任何时态 相应过去任何时态
= I don’t know when they left.
5). Where will we have the party? Please tell us.
= Please tell us where we will have the party.
that——不能省略的3种情况 that——不能省略的3种情况 不能省略的
初中英语语法全解——主从复合句
初中英语语法全解——主从复合句一、宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句可以作及物动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。
I wonder what she’ll say when she finds out.Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives.1.由that引导的宾语从句①当从句部分表示陈述语气时，有连接词that引导宾语从句，that只充当引导词，没有词义，在从句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式文体中that可以省略。
that引导的宾语从句可以作动词或形容词的宾语，一般不作介词的宾语。
You might think those products were made in those countries.I am glad that you have come.②以下情形that不克不及省略：（1）当出现两歌或两个以上的that引导宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。
She told me（that）the film was very good and that she wanted to see it again.（2）当宾语从句的主语是this/that时，引导词that不能省略。
She said that that was a secret.（3）当that引导的宾语从句中又有从句时，that不能省略。
Studies show that if you are interested in something.2.由whether/if引导的宾语从句①当从句透露表现一种疑问语气时，由whether/if指导的宾语从句、whether/if在宾语从句中不作任何身分，但含有“是否”的含义，在句中不能省略。
I’ll see whether she’s at home.②whether和if通常可以通用，但下列情况只能用whether，不能用if。
带有宾语从句的主从复合句反义疑问句
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