主从复合句:宾语从句

外教一对一https://www.360docs.net/doc/8819160168.html,

主从复合句:宾语从句

宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中可作及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。

根据引导宾语从句的连词不同,宾语从句可分为三类:

●由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。

●由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

●由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。

学习宾语从句应注意:连词和代词的选择,语序和时态的一致。

宾语从句的三种类型:

类型例句备注

that引导 I am sure (that) he will succeed.

I hear (that) p hysics isn’t easy.

that可省略;

由陈述句变化而来

连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导 He asked whose handwriting was the best.

I don’t know why the train is late.

Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?

I don’t know what’s the ma tter with Bob?

连接词担任句子成分;

由特殊疑问句变化而来

续表

类型例句备注

if或whether引导 I want to know if / whether he lives there.

外教一对一https://www.360docs.net/doc/8819160168.html, He asked me whether / if I could help him.

If和whether意为“是否”;

由一般疑问句变化而来

特别提示:

·宾语从句的人称一致。例如:

She said,“I am much better than before. ”→She said that she was much better than before.

·宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序。例如:

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?

·主从句的时态要统一。主句是一般过去时,从句应该用相应的过去时态。但如果宾语从句的内容是客观真理,其时态仍用一般现在时。例如:

He said that he would go back to the U. S. soon. (过去将来时)

Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. (客观真理)

·由连接词whether/if引导宾语从句时,whether和if 常可互换,但下列场合一般用whether:

介词后的宾语从句:I’m thinking of whether he’ll come.

与or not连用:I don’t know whether I should go or not.

与动词不定式连用:We don’t know whether to go or stay.

跟在动词discuss后面:They discussed whether they should hold the meeting.

· 动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect引导的宾语从句,需要表示否定意义,不在宾语从句中否定,在主句中否定。例如:

I don’t think that English is easy.

I don’t suppose she can get so much money.

直击考点

单项填空。

外教一对一https://www.360docs.net/doc/8819160168.html,

1. —Excuse me. Could you tell me later on?

—Wait a minute. It is coming in ten minutes.

A. if the next train arrives

B. if the next train will arrive

C. when the next train arrives

D. when will the next train arrive

(07年临沂)

【答案】 B

【解析】从答句It is coming in ten minutes(十分钟后到)可知,询问内容是下一班火车将要到达的时间,从句要用一般将来时,宾语从句应该是陈述句语序。

2. —Did Mr White tell you ?

—Yes. He said he went there in 2003.

A. when he traveled to Tibet

B. how he goes to Wuhan

C. where he spent his holidays

D. why did he visit Kunming

(07年福州)

【答案】 A

宾语从句用法详解

宾语从句用法详解 一.宾语从句的定义 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。 二.宾语从句中引导词的用法 在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有: 连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词:who, whose, what ,which 副词:when ,where, how, why 等。 (一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)

可跟that从句做宾语的动词有: say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, mand, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。 例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. 注意事项:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。 例句:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that. 在以下情况中that不能省略 1.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第 一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。 例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. 2.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一 般不可省。 例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.

主从复合句-完整版

主从复合句 一宾语从句 用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句在句中起宾语作用,它可以用作动词的宾语,也可以做动词的宾语,也可以做介词、不定式、分词、动名词以及某些形容词(如:sure, glad, pleased, certain, afraid, surprised, satisfied 等)的宾语,宾语从句可以由连词that, whether, if;代词who, whose, what, which和副词when, where, how, why等引导。 他想他过几天就会好了。 I think (that) he’ll be all right in a few days. 你知道他们在等谁吗 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for 他问那是谁的字典。 He asked whose dictionary it was. 注意老师说的话。 Pay attention to what the teacher said. 1.宾语从句在句中的位置 (1)作宾语的从句。如: I heard that he joined the army. 我听说他参军了。 She did not know what had happened. 她不知道发生了什么事。 (2)作介词的宾语。如: Our success depends upon/on how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功在于我们彼此能够很好的合作。 She is worried about whether her mother can come on time. 她在担心妈妈是否能按时来。 (3)作形容词的宾语。 I’m afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.我恐怕我犯错误了。 类似的形容词还有:anxious, aware, certain, confident, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, pleased, hurt, satisfied等。 (4)it作形式宾语,而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中,如: 他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语。 He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English. 注意:有些动词后不能跟that从句作宾语,这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive 等。 2.宾语从句的引导词 (1)当宾语从句是由陈述句转化而来时,由that 引导,这时that在宾语从句中无意义,不充当任何成分,常省略。如: I know (that) you have met him. 我知道你曾经见过他。 He told me that he was wrong.他告诉我他错了。 I don’t believe he has finished his work.我相信他还没有完成他的工作。

宾语从句用法详解

宾语从句用法详解 一.宾语从句的定义 置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing 形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。 二.宾语从句中引导词的用法 在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有: 连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if 代词:who, whose,what ,which 副词:when ,where, how, why 等。 (一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)

可跟that从句做宾语的动词有: say, think, insist, wish,hope, demand, imagine,wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree,ad mit,deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, d ream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, reques t, require, propose, declare, report等。 例句:The boy believes that hewill travel through sp ace to other planets. 注意事项:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose,expect等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。 例句:I don’t think it is rightfor him to treat you like that. 在以下情况中that不能省略 1.当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时,第 一个that可省,但后面的that不可省。 例句:He said(that) youwere too young to understand the matter and that he wasas ked not to tell you.

宾语从句

宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、动词现在分词、过去式、过去分词后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。 特点宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。 宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。 连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义,不充当句子成分,口语中一般可以省略。 whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句,但 whether后可紧跟or not;whether从句可作介词的宾语。当if/whether引导宾语从句时,在从句中不做任何成分,但有具体的含义,意为“是否”。if/whether不能省略。 如果从句太长,可以用形式宾语it. 补充:从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句. 分类:宾语从句分为三类: (1)动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.时态:1·主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时。2·主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。3.当为客观事实和科学真理时,从句为一般现在时。 (2)宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句. He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他将在下一年上大学. I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车. Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试. 连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述. Do you know who has won this game?你知道谁赢了这一局游戏吗I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你该依靠谁. The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么. Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Huawei or Apple smart phone?你决定好是买华为还是苹果的手机了吗? 连接副词连接副词主要有 when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等. He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面. Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能展示给我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗? None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到. (3)动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句 We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are

主从复合句--宾语从句

主从复合句--宾语从句 宾语从句:在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。 ①基本形式:(主句+)连词+从句主语+从句谓语+... ②关于宾语从句连词的选择: 若从句来源于一个陈述句,那么,连词用that,在口语中that可以省略; 若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if 或whether; 若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句,则连词就是疑问词(如what,who,where,when等)例如:They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human beings.(他们相信计算机终将代替人类。) (从句本来就是陈述句)/ I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster. (我不知道是不是该为他在校长跟前说点什 么。) (从句来源于一般问句Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?) / He asked me where he could get such medicine. (他问我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。) (从句 来源于特殊问句Where can he get such medicine? ) ③宾语从句的时态问题:如果主句是现在时,从句则用现在某一时态,甚至可以用过去 时; 如主句是过去时,从句则相应地使用过去某一时态,遇到客观真理时仍然用现在时。 如:I think I will do better in English this term. (我想本学期我的英语会学得好点。) / The teacher asked the boy if the earth is round. (老师问那个男孩地球是不是圆 的。) ④下列结构后面的从句一般也作为宾语从句看待: be sorry / afraid / sure / glad +that从句,如:I’m sorry I’m late. (对不起,我迟到了。)/ I’m afraid he is n’t in at the moment. (恐怕他此刻不在家。) 一、宾语从句的连接词: 1、连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。 eg. He knew (that) he should work hard. 2、连词if 、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。 eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming. 一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether: ①在不定式前:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. ②在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain. ③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not. 3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which,连接副词when, where, why, how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义 。eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money. 【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。 eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. è I don’t know how to do with the presents. 2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型. 二、宾语从句的语序: 宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结

主从复合句

初中英语语法—主从复合句 主从复合句由一个或一个以上的从句构成,主句为句子的主体,从句不能独立,只用作句子的一个成分. 主从复合句主要包含定语从句,状语从句和名词性从句. 一、宾语从句 宾语从句在主从复合句中起宾语的作用 既可作谓语动词的宾语 也可作介词、非谓语动词 动词不定式、动名词、分词 的宾语。 引导宾语从句的关联词的用法 ①陈述意义的宾语从句 由从属连词that引导 that本身无义 在口语或非正式文体中常可省略。 E.g. She said (that) she would come. ②一般疑问意义的宾语从句由从属连词whether或if引导 如果强调“究竟是…还是不…” 可在 whether后加not e.g. Can you tell me if/whether you can come here tomorrow? I’ll wait to see whether your words are true or not. ③特殊疑问意义的宾语从句 由连接代词who whom whose what which和连接副词when where why how引导 宾语从句中的语序为陈述式语序。E.g. Please tell me when you were born. 学习宾语从句应该注意的几个问题 ①当主句谓语动词是think、believe、imagine等时 后面的宾语从句要表示否定意义时 要通过主句的否定式来实现 即否定主句中的动词。 E.g. 我认为他明天不会来。 wrong I think he will not come tomorrow. right I don’t think he will come tomorrow. ②某些形容词后面也可有宾语从句,这些形容词有:sure、certain、glad、pleased、happy、afraid、surprised、satisfied等。 E.g. I’m sure you can learn English well. 二、状语从句 状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导 从属连词在从句中不担任任何句子成分。状语从句根据它所表达的意思可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、比较 让步、方式和条件状语从句等类。 状语从句可位于主句之前,也可位于主句之后。位于主句之前,一般要加逗号与主句分开 位于句末则不需要。 1 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词有when、while、as、before、after、as soon as、since、till等 e.g. When he comes, I’ll tell him about it. 【注】A. when as while作为表示时间的从属连词时区别如下: when即可引导持续性动作 又可引导短暂性动作。它可表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,也可表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。 as引导持续性动作 强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。 while引导的必须是持续性动作 并且所表示的时间范围也较大 指“在某一段时间里” “在…期间” 它强调主句和从句动作的同时发生并侧重主句和从句动作的对比。 B till和until表示的意思相同 但在使用时需要注意以下几点 如果主句谓语是持续性动作 通常用肯定⑩谓语 表示“直到…为止”。 如果主句谓语是短暂性动作 必须用否定形式的谓语 表示“直到…才”。 C 时间状语从句中的谓语动词不能用任何一种将来时,只能用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用一般过去时表示过去将来时。 2 地点状语从句通常由where和wherever引导 e.g. They went where they could find work.

主从复合句:宾语从句

外教一对一https://www.360docs.net/doc/8819160168.html, 主从复合句:宾语从句 宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中可作及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。 根据引导宾语从句的连词不同,宾语从句可分为三类: ●由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 ●由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 ●由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 学习宾语从句应注意:连词和代词的选择,语序和时态的一致。 宾语从句的三种类型: 类型例句备注 that引导 I am sure (that) he will succeed. I hear (that) p hysics isn’t easy. that可省略; 由陈述句变化而来 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导 He asked whose handwriting was the best. I don’t know why the train is late. Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo? I don’t know what’s the ma tter with Bob? 连接词担任句子成分; 由特殊疑问句变化而来 续表 类型例句备注 if或whether引导 I want to know if / whether he lives there.

(完整版)英语主从复合句大全

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宾语从句是主从复合句的一种

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