英语八年级下册牛津版Unit 1 第3课时—语法
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动词 能带不定式作状语的形容词有 glad, happy, pleased, 不定 angry, clever, careful, surprised, lucky, ready, sorry, 式作 amazed, afraid, sad, unhappy, sure, free, kind, nice, 状语 worried, easy, hard。
have, feel, hear, see, laugh. 动 词 不 定 watch, notice 等的宾语 我弟弟总让我开怀大笑。
式 作 宾 语 补足语时,动词不定式不 Sometimes I see him cry in the room.
补 足 语 省 带 to。
我有时看见他在房间里哭。
略 to 的场
the development in the future.
语动词起一个补充 表示 我们举行这个会议来讨论未来的发展。
动词不定 式作状语
说明的作用。如果没
目的
I work hard to earn a lot of money and buy a house for my mother.
有它,句子仍然意思
朱迪想要环游世界。
4
能用动词不定式 My teacher often orders me to clean the
作宾 语补足语 的动 classroom. 词有 ask, tell, get, 老师经常命令我打扫教室。 动词不定 order, would like, My best friend always encourages me to 式作宾语 want, teach, show, study abroad. 补足语 allow, encourage, 我最好的朋友总鼓励我去国外学习。
后 ,是谓语动词涉及的直接对 mother a present. 象。如果没有这个不定式,这个 我 爸 爸 忘 记 给 我 妈 妈 买 礼 物 句子的意思就让人难以理解。 了。
能直接带不定式作宾语的及物 At that time, I failed to realize
动词主 要有 want, like, love, need, try, ask, learn, begin, start, forget, remember, hope,
Remember not to waste water. 记得不要浪费水。 I have already asked you not to play basketball. 我已经叫你不要打篮球。
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即不定式直接跟在
We held this meeting to discuss about
谓语动词后,仅对谓
动词不定
语动词起一个补充 说明的作用。如果没 程度
My younger brother is old enough to go to school.
式作状语 有它,句子仍然意思
我弟弟已经达到上学的ຫໍສະໝຸດ 龄了。完整，它不像作宾语 表示 I am glad to meet you.
那样，与谓语动词有 着密切的关系。 原因 遇见你很开心。
11
（ C ） —Helen had to shout __________ above the sound of
warn, wish, invite, The policeman warned the thief not to
help 等。
steal anything any more. 那个警察警告
那个小偷不要再偷东西了。
5
（1）作动词 let, make, My younger brother always makes me
Unit 1 Helping those in need
第3课时 ——语法
1
单元语法讲解：动词不定式（Infinitives）
单元语法讲解：动词不定式（Infinitives）
不定式的基本形式
to＋动词原形,有时可以省略 to
2
（1）没有人称和数的变化, 在句子中不能作谓语
（2）动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状
语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语可构成动词不定式
动词不定
短语。如: to read a book; to sing at the party。
式的特点 （3）动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此，
在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语
和状语。
3
动词不定式 作宾语
不定式直接跟在谓语动词 My father forgot to buy my
Let me show you the way. 让我给你指路。
合
（2）作动词 help 的宾语 You don’t have to help him (to) finish the
补足语时, 动词不定式 task.
可带 to, 也可不带 to。 你不必帮他完成这个任务。
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动词不定式 的否定形式: not to ＋ 动 词原形
我努力工作是为了赚很多钱给我妈妈
完整，它不像作宾语
买房子。
那样，与谓语动词有 着密切的关系。 表示
He searched nothing.
the
room
only
to
find
结果 他搜查了房间结果一无所获。
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即不定式直接跟在
I ran too slowly to catch the bus.
谓语动词后,仅对谓 表示 我跑得太慢了，赶不上公交车。
how important study was. 我当时没有意识到学习是多么
的重要。
wish, agree, choose, fail, refuse, Judy wants to travel around
decide, afford, offer, plan, hate, the world.
arrange 等。
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一、 单项选择
（ A ） —This company was the first __________ portable
radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world. —It has a long history. A．to produce B．producing C．to be produced
沪教牛津版八年级下Unit1-讲解
搭配：raise money筹款；raise money for…为……筹款搭配：Ask permission报请批准toI taught disabled children to sing.我教残疾的孩子唱歌。
同根词：disable v.=make(sb.)unable to do sth.使残废，使伤残He is disabled from vo ng.他失去了选举资格。
enable v.[ɪn'eɪb(ə)l]=make(sb.)able to do sth.使（某人）能够做某事The new test should enable doctors to detect the disease early.新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。
搭配：mentally disabled有智力缺陷learning disabili es学习障碍willingto to do something主动提出4.offer v.=be willing搭配：offer to do sth.主动提出去做某事，愿意做某事Peter offered to teach them water-skiing.彼得主动提出教他们滑水。
搭配：offer one’s hand伸出友好的手offer sb.sth.为某人提供某物They have offered me a large sum of money to go away.他们曾为我提供一大笔搬迁费辨析：provide,offer的区别：provide用于表示无主动慷慨之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西，仅仅是出于某种责任，强调提供必须用的东西，尤其是生活用品,多数情况是免费的。
常用于provide sb.with sth.或provide sth.for sb.的固定搭配中。
offer表示主动提供服务、工作等，对方可以接受，也可以不接受。
常用于offer sb.sth.或offer sth.to sb.固定搭配中。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册语法课件Unit 1(共15张PPT)
观察下面例句，并总结现在完成时构成
I have already seen the film. He has finished his homework. Simon has lived in Nanjing since 2010. They have known each other.
already与yet
already与yet都可用于__现__在__完__成__时____时态。 already常用于___肯__定__句_____中，意思是 “__已__经________”，而yet常用于 否定句 _____疑__问__句___和____________还，意思是
--“-I h_a_ve___a__l_r_e_a__d___y_fi_n_is_h”ed。my homework. How about you?
live--lived
try--tried play--played plan--planned clap--clapped
动词过去分词的不规则变化
Type
AAA ABB
ABC
original cost read meet catch ride speak drink eat
p.t cost read met caught rode spoke drank ate
现在完成时的构成: have / has + v-pp. 注意：have 和 has为助动词；v-pp. 指 动词过去分词。
动词过去分词的规则变化
新牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1重点词组、句型及语法复习提纲
新牛津译林版八年级英语下册Unit1重点词组、句型及语法复习提纲Unit 1 Key Phrases。
Sentence Structures。
and Grammar Review Outline1.Phrases and nsNo。
Chinese English1 Past and Present2 In the past3 At present / At the moment4 Not any more / Not any longer5 Since then6 Do a history project7 Over the past 100 years8 XXX sp9 Write a report on10 XXX times11 Look back to the past12 Interview sb / Have an interview with sb.13 XXX14 Move to/into/out of/away15 In the southern part of China16 A marry B / A be/get married to B / A and B get married17 Have been to/have gone to/have been in sp.18 In fact19 Great changes20 XXX into a park / Change into a park21 Miss my old friends22 Play cards and Chinese chess23 Take off (clothes)24 XXX25 XXX.26 Used to do / Used to be27 Be used to doing28 Be used to do sth29 Dump into30 XXX31 XXX2.Sentence StructuresSimple present tense: Subject + VerbPresent continuous XXX: Subject + be + Verb + -ingSimple past XXX: Subject + Verb + -ed/2nd formPast continuous tense: Subject + was/were + Verb + -ingPresent perfect tense: Subject + have/has + Verb + -ed/3rd formPast perfect XXX: Subject + had + Verb + -ed/3rd formFuture XXX: Subject + will/shall + VerbPassive voice: Object + be + Verb + -ed/3rd form + (by + subject)XXX: Reporting verb + (that) + subject + Verb3.GrammarArticles (a/an/the)XXX)Adverbs (often/always/never/sometimes)Adjectives (big/small/great/happy)XXX)XXX)Modal verbs (can/could/may/might/must/will/would/should) XXX)XXX)Gerunds and infinitives (Verb + -ing/to + Verb)32.In some ways。
2020-2021学年牛津译林八年级下册 Unit 1-Unit 4语法知识点复习
8B Unit 1-Unit 4语法复习讲义Unit 1-31.现在完成时的用法（1）表示过去发生或完成的动作对现在造成影响，也就是说该动作和现在有联系。
—Have you had your lunch?你吃过午饭了吗?—Yes, I have. I've just had it.是的，我吃了，我刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了）I have already posted those photos.我已经邮寄了那些照片。
（那些照片现在已不在我这里了）（2）表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的动作或状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用，谓语动词多用延续性动词。
I've known him for 3 years.我认识他已经3年了。
They have lived here since 1996.自从1996年以来他们一直住在这里。
（3）表示到现在为止多次发生的动作。
He has watched the film twice.这部电影他已经看过两遍了。
My grandfather has told me the story several times.我爷爷已经把这个故事给我讲了好几遍了。
2.现在完成时的构成肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句：主语+haven't/hasn't+动词的过去分词+其他一般疑间句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?肯定回答：Yes，主语+have/has否定回答：No，主语+haven't/hasn't.拓展：主语是第三人称单数时用has，其他人称用have。
Tom has heard from his father twice this month.汤姆这个月已收到了他爸爸的两次来信。
We have already cleaned our classroom.我们已经打扫了教室。
2018春牛津深圳版八年级英语下册课件：Unit 1 第3课时-语法.doc
2018春牛津深圳版八年级英语下册课件：Unit 1 第3课时-语法Unit 1 Helping those in need 第第3 课时语法课后拓展课时精讲栏目导航课时过关单元语法讲解：动词不定式（（Infinitives ） 1 ．不定式的基本形式: to ＋动词原形, 有时可以省略 to 。
2 ．动词不定式的特点: （1）没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。
（2）动词不定式仍保留动词的特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式同它的宾语或状语可构成动词不定式短语。
如: to read a book; to sing at the party。
（3）动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。
3 ．动词不定式作宾语：即不定式直接跟在谓语动词后, 是谓语动词涉及的直接对象。
如果没有这个不定式, 这个句子的意思就让人难以理解。
能直接带不定式作宾语的及物动词主要有: want, like, love, need, try, ask, learn, begin, start, forget, remember, hope, wish, agree, choose, fail, refuse, decide, afford, offer, plan, hate, arrange 等。
如：My mother agrees to buy a pair of sports shoes for me. 我妈妈同意给我买双运动鞋。
We decide to have a party. 我们决定举行一个晚会。
She hopes to be an engineer. 她希望成为一名工程师。
As the lights turned green, all the cars started to go. 当灯变绿时，所有的车开始走了。
Sorry, I forgot to tell you about the news. 对不起，我忘了告诉你这个消息。
牛津译林版八年级下册Unit1-Unit3 语法归纳
牛津8BUnit1-Unit3 Grammar❖现在完成时1)在什么情境下用现在完成时？➢表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。
➢表示过去发生的动作, 但强调结果或对现在的影响。
➢表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态。
➢表示去过某地几次。
2)时间状语：already, not…yet, never, just, before, ever, recently，for…，since，so far，up to now，these days, over…3)构成：have/has+done（过去分词）4)过去分词的构成：✧直接加-ed。
✧以字母e结尾的直接加d 。
✧以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i加ed。
✧重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。
✧不规则。
（见书后小黄页）5)句型转换：一般疑问句：把助动词have或has提到主语之前，过去分词不变。
否定句：“haven't（hasn't）＋过去分词”。
6)现在完成时Vs一般过去时现在完成时属于现在时态的范围，一般过去时属于过去时态，时间状语不能混用。
一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系。
现在完成时则相反。
eg--- I have seen the film.eg--- I saw the film last week.eg--- He has lived here since 1993.eg---- He lived here in 1993.7)have gone to Vs have been to Vs have been inhave gone to:没回来。
He has gone to Xi’an. 他去西安了。
（没回）have been to：回来了。
He has been to Xi’an twice. 他曾去过西安两次。
（已回）have been in: 待在某地一段时间He has been in Xi’an for weeks. 待在西安数周。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册 Unit 1 语法、词汇、句型知识点总结(详细版)
牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit 1 语法、词汇、句型知识点总结（详细版）8B Unit 1 Past and presentComic strip & Welcome to the unit1.I've just eaten it.我刚才把它吃了。
just此处用作副词，意为“刚刚，刚才”，通常与现在完成时连用。
Mr Wang has just left our classroom.王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。
I've just heard the news.我刚听到这个消息。
拓展：①just 副词，还可意为“正好，恰好；仅仅，只是”，起加强语气的作用。
This jacket is just my size.这件夹克衫正合我的尺码。
That's just what he wanted.那正是他所要的。
He is just a child.他仅仅是一个孩子。
I just want to talk to you.我只是想和你谈谈。
①just now意为“刚才，刚刚”，相当于a moment ago，常用于句末，用于一般过去时态的句子中。
I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。
①just then 意为“就在那时”。
Just then, someone knocked at the front door.就在那时，有人敲了敲前门。
2.Why?为什么?这是一个省略问句，其完整形式是“Why did you eat my food?”。
why引导的特殊疑问句用来询间原因，通常用because（因为）引导的句子来回答。
—Why didn't you come to the meeting yesterday?你昨天为什么没来参加会议?—Because I had a bad cold.因为我患了重感冒。
牛津译林版英语八年级下册Unit1 Grammar精品课件 (共24张PPT)
时间段+ ago；3)since+ 从句。
已经，常用于否定句，疑问句尾。 for 长达……，for+ 时间段。 recently 最近，常用于肯定句，否定句或疑问句 中。 ever just 曾经，常用于疑问句。 刚刚，用于肯定句中。
一般现在时和现在完成的区别
一、概念不同
一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过 去的事情，强调动作，和现在没有关系。 和现在不发生关系。 表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的 影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。
现在完成时定义
现在完成时定义三要素： 1.表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。 2.一件发生在过去的事情对现在产生影响。 3.一个动作开始于过去，并持续到现在(也许还将 持续下去)。
观察与思考
1
I have just eaten it.
You have cleaned up the window.
6. Our teacher __________(teach) us a lot about the history has taught
of China.
C. Help Millie and Sandy complete the conversation
Millie: (1)_____ any films recently, Have you ______(see) seen
二、句型转换。 1. She has already cleaned the kitchen. (改为否定句) She _________ cleaned the kitchen ________. hasn’t yet 2. They have visited some interesting places in China. (改为一般疑问句)
Unit 3 第3课时 Grammar-八年级英语下册(牛津译林版)
in brackets.
I __w__a_s___ (be) in Hainan last month. Some of our classmates __h_a_s_n_’_t_b_e_e_n___ (not be) to Hainan yet.
I _h_a_v_e__li_v_e_d__ (live) in Sunshine Town since I was born. Daniel ___li_v_e_d___ (live) in Nanjing in 2007.
I
(2)
_h_a_v_e_s_e_e_n_
never
so
many
wonderful pictures before.
C
Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words
in brackets.
be buy read return see show
I ___w_r_o_t_e___ (write) an email to my friend yesterday. Daniel _h_a_s_a_l_r_e_a_d_y_w__r_it_t_en__ (write/already) two emails.
B
Help them complete the sentences with the correct forms of the words
C
Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the words
in brackets.
Millie: (5) __D_i_d_y_o_u__l_ik_e__(you/like) it?
(完整)八年级初二沪教版牛津版英语下册第1单元词汇与语法详解1.docx
Unit 1Helping those in need单词raise v. 筹募，增加，提高She raises money for the disabled people.He asked the boss raise his salaries.permission n. 准许，批准They entered the area without permission.permit 是其动词形式，常见搭配为permit sb to do sth，意为允许某人做某事。
Permit me to explain.teenager n. 青少年The teenager ran away after being punished.offer v. 主动提出He offered to do voluntary work[ 拓展 ]offer 意为“主动提出”时，后接动词不定式to+do ； offer 还可作“提供，供应”解，常用短语有offer sb sth 或 offer sth to sb.They offered us some money.suffer v. (因疾病等 )受苦；受折磨The children suffered from serious illness.serious adj. 严重的；严肃的、庄重的That could cause serious injuryPlease be serious for a minute, this is very importantillness n. （某种）病He stayed home for a day because of a slight illness.organize v. 组织，筹备We organized a painting competition for them.express v. 表达，表露。
He could not express his feelings of sadness to his mother.他不能向母亲表露出内心的悲痛 .pain n. (精神上的 )痛苦，苦恼；（肉体上的）疼痛, 疼痛He felt a sharp pain in his knee. 他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。