复旦大学出版社。研究生综合英语①修订版(课后习题解答+课文翻译)[1]

Unit One An Image or a Mirage

III. Vocabulary

A.

1. unassuming

2. stemmed from

3. infallible

4. had taken to

5. prospect

6. flabby

7. More often than not

8.devious

9. tipped the scales in her favor 10. rapport

B.

1. instinctual

2.immediate

3. deposit

4. frail

5. seedy

6. magnetic

7. extroverted

8. book

9. unwarranted 10. refined

C.

1. D

2.C

3. B

4. A

5. A

6. C

7. C

8.B

9. D 10.B

IV. Cloze

1. which

2. run

3. concerned

4. familiar

5. evident

6. even

7.what

8.Consequently 9 knowing 10.By 11. one 12. how 13. Once 14. obtainable 15. yourself 16. mind 17. from 18. never 1

9. pays 20. considered V. Translation

A.

从更大的范围上讲，选民们往往仅因为某个政客的外表整洁清秀而对他做出有利的反应。他的对手则因为没有生就一副令人信任的外表而常常遭到否定的评价。这种判断是错误的，其后果可能是灾难性的。就算许多选民投一位候选人的票完全是出于政治原因，但本不该当选的人，如果他有整洁清秀的形象，就会使他在势均力敌的选举中占有优势。

我们常常根据一个人的表达能力而做出轻率的判断。再回到政治这一话题上来，许多选民仅仅根据候选人公开演讲的方式就对他的能力做出判断。然而，一个候选人可能非常善于演说，但并不一定能胜任他所竞选的职位。我认识许多才能杰出的人物，他们只是没有培养自己在公开场合演讲的能力，但在与别人一对一的交流中却表现极为出色。这种能充分表达自己见解的能力，固然十分重要，但我们对于那些让人感觉善于辞令的人，往往产生错误的印象，因为很多情况下这种优点仅仅只是“表面现象”。不难想象，一位外表整洁清秀、讲话娓娓动听的政治家会轻而易举地战胜一位不事张扬但更为合格的对手。他之所以取胜仅仅是因为他的形象令人信服。

B.

If you want a winning image with others, your first concern must be a winning self-image. The individual who has a losing self-image will never be

able to project a winning image to others. He may be able to fool some people for a while, but his poor self-image will eventually make it impossible for him to relate favorably to others. Throughout the ages, great philosophers have stated, “You are what you think you are.” It is imperative for you to have good image of yourself if you want to create the same impression in others.

No matter who you are, everything worthwhile will depend on your own self-image. Your happiness will be based on it. You will live only one life, and in order to enjoy it, you must have a winning self-image. Since we can all choose how we want to think ourselves, we should try to have positive, winning thoughts. In your own attempt to build a winning image you must begin with the self — otherwise, the image you strive for will be supported by nothing but a sand foundation.

Any athlete will tell you that you must know you’re a winner in order to be one. To many, this kind of message will sound like double-talk, but it contains an essential truth. Although you can apply this same message to anything in life, I will use athletics as the basis for illustrating my thoughts about self-images because sports involve physical exertion by which desired results can be achieved.

Translation of Text

形象还是表象？

罗伯特⋅ L ⋅舒克

成功的形象与表象之间有明显的区别。表象是虚假的现象，要想寻求成功的形象，你必须能够识别这些表象。

有一种形象常被误解，其根源在于人们对目光接触的看法。你不知多少次听到有人说：“他直视你的眼睛,一定是个老实人”。显然，许多人一定认为，不老实的人因说谎而感到惭愧，甚至不能面对他人。但假如老实人因羞怯而不敢直视你呢？况且，骗人的老手知道，许多人根据某人打量他们的方式判断其人品，因此他会故意将目光接触纳入其行为之中。既然你不能依靠目光接触做出灵验的判断，就不该用此法评价他人是否诚实。然而，既然大多数人的确凭此标准判断他人，你务必要经常直视他们的眼睛。

根据一个人打量你的方式评价其诚信并不比根据你的猫或狗对其做出的反应判断其人品更合乎情理。然而，你不知多少次听到狗的主人说：“真有趣——索尔不常喜欢陌生人。他判断人性很在行，他对你友好使我知道你身上有某些优点。”有一次，我来到一位可能成为我客户的人的家中，他的猫“虎仔”对我如此欢喜，竟在我推销产品的整个过程中趴在我的肩上。我推销完毕之后，那人的妻子说道：“舒克先生，虎仔只对我们自家人才会这样。你一定为人忠厚，它才对你这般友好。”

其实当时我没把那只猫推开是因为担心她会撕破我的衣服或抓出我的眼珠。但我却回答道：“是呀，夫人，虎仔显然具有某种能使她能准确判断人性的本能。它的确善于判断人品。”虽然虎仔碰巧正确地判断了我的实情，但我个人却不太相信动物具有判断人类的本能。依我看，动物对人的反应更多与体味和身体动作有关。

有些人根据他人握手的方式判断其人。得体而有力度的握手姿势体现人的个