托福句子结构语法结构
1 Those second-hand pianos are selling like hot cakes, if you want one, you'd better buy one now before they're all gone.sell like hot cakes=sell very well or very quickly2 Whenever I have to make a speech I get butterflies in my stomach.get butterflies in one's stomach=get nervous3 He would do anything for his daughter. She was the apple of his eye.be the apple of one's eye=be very precious to sb.4 Lend me $30,please,Tom, I'm broke at the moment.be broke=doesn't have any money5 The accident was caused by a taxi driver jumping the green light.jump the green light=doesn't wait for the traffic lights to change to green6 You didn't think I was serious, did you, Joe! It was a joke! I was pulling your leg, that's all.pull one's leg=tease someone,逗某人玩7 Because the owner wanted a quick sale, the painting went for a song-only$1000. If something "goes for a song" ,it is sold very cheaply8 He caught the last train by the skin of his teeth.By the skin of one's teeth =the person only just caught the last train; heal most missed it.9 There was a shortage of food; so you had to pay through the nose for what you could find.To "pay through the nose" for something is to pay far more for something than it is really worth10 If he finds out what you did with the company's money, he'll hit the roof.Hit the roof=get very angry11 The sky got very dark and soon the rain began to bucket down.Bucket down = rain very heavily12 They all chip in for the benefit of Simpson's widow and little child.chip in=contribute money 捐献13 He usually buys his clothes off the peg. It's cheaper than going to a dressmaker. Off the peg clothes =成衣14 Now stop beating about the bush and tell me what happened!beat about the bush=avoid saying directly what you mean15 I really must go and lie down for a while ;I've got a splitting headache. splitting headache=painful headache1. Arid regions in the southwestern United States have become increasingly inviting playgrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who own vehicles such as motorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge in hill-climbing contests or in caving new trails in the desert.美国西部的不毛之地正成为玩耍的地方，对越来越多拥有摩托车或越野单车类车辆的，喜欢放纵于爬坡比赛或开辟新的沙漠通道的寻欢作乐者具有不断增长的吸引力。
2. Stone does delay, and so tools of long ago have remained when even the bones of the man who made them have disappeared without trace.石头不会腐烂，所以以前的(石器)工具能保存下来，虽然它们的制造者已经消失的无影无踪。
3. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they would devour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protection we get from insect-eating animals.昆虫就将会使我们无法在这个世界上居住;如果我们没有受到以昆虫为食的动物的保护，昆虫就会吞嚼掉我们所有的庄稼并杀死我们饲养的禽兽。
4. It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought, but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement.确实，他们在探险中遇到了极具威胁性的困难和危险，而他们的装备会让一个现代登山者想一想都会浑身颤栗。
不过他们并不是刻意去追求刺激的。
5. There is only one difference between an old man and a young one: the young man has a glorious future before him and old one has a splendid future behind him: and maybe that is where the rub is.老人和年轻人之间只有一个区别：年轻人的前面有辉煌的未来，老年人灿烂的未来却已在它们身后。
这也许就是困难之所在。
6. I find young people exciting. They have an air of freedom, and they have nota dreary commitment to mean ambitions or love comfort. They are not anxious social climbers, and they have no devotion to material things.我们为年强人振奋。
他们带有 fire 的气息，他们不会为狭隘的野心和贪婪享受而孜孜以求。
他们不是焦虑的向上爬的人，他们不会对物质性的东西难舍难分。
7. I am always amazed when I hear people saying that sport creates goodwill bet ween the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.每次我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情，说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话，我都倍感诧异。
8. It is impossible to say simply for the fun and exercise: as soon as the question of prestige arises, as soon as you feel that you and some larger unit will be disgraced if you lose, the most savage combative instincts are around.没有可能仅仅为了娱乐或锻炼而运动：一旦有了问题，一旦你觉得你输了你和你所属团体会有失体面时，你最野蛮的好斗本能就会被激发出来。
9. It has been found that certain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes, they can locate and steer clear of obstacles------or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.人们已经发现，某些蝙蝠发出尖叫声并靠接受回响来锁定和避免障碍物——或者找到它们赖以为生的昆虫。
托福考试阅读中句子结构解析
托福考试阅读中句子结构解析2016年托福考试阅读中句子结构解析为了帮助考生们更顺利地通过考试，下面是店铺为大家搜索整理的关于托福考试阅读中句子结构解析，欢迎参考学习，希望对大家有所帮助!例1: Herein (adv) lay(宾语) the beginning of what ultimately(最终) turned from ignorance(无知) to denial of the value of nutrition therapies in medicine(主语).例2: Surrounding the column are three sepals and three petals(主语), sometimes easily recognizable as such, often distorted into gorgeous, weird, but always functional shapes.例3: With the growing prosperity brought on by the Second World War and the economic boom( that followed it)独立主格, young people married and established households earlier and began to raise larger families than had their predecessors during the Depression. 没有倒装例4: Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20years after the Second World War(宾语) is the country’s impressive population growth(主语).句子结构: adj + prep +B+ be + A = A + be +adj +prep +B例5: Among the species of seabirds (that use the windswept cliff of the Atlantic coast of Canada in the summer to mate, lay eggs, and rear their young) are common murres, Atlantic puffins, black-legged kittiwakes, and northern gannets(主语).句子结构: Among A + be + B = B是A的一部分例6: Implicit in it is an aesthetic principle as well: (that the medium has certain qualities of beauty and expressiveness with which (sculptors must bring their own aesthetic sensibilities into harmony)).例7: Most important perhaps, was that (they had all maintained with a certain fidelity(状语) a manner of technique and co mposition consistent with those of America’s first popular landscapes artist, Thomas Cole, (who built a career painting the Catskill Mountain scenery 〔bording the Hudson River〔)).句型结构: S + Vt + prep + n1 (介词短语)+ n2, Vt的'宾语实际上是n2.例8: With the turn-of-century Crafts movement and the discovery of nontraditional sources of inspiration(独立主格), such as wooden African figures and masks, there arose a new urge for hands-on, personal execution of art and an interaction with the medium(主语).例9: Accustomed though we are to(倒装) speaking of the films made before 1927 as ‘slient’, the film has never been seen, in the full sense of the word, silent.句型结构: adj + though + S + be + prep + n = though + S +be + adj + prep + n, 仅发生在让步状语从句中.例10: Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the number of species in a particular ecosystem(同位语), to the health of the Earth and human well-being(主语).句型结构: the importance of A to B = A 对B 的重要性例11: Matching the influx of foreign immigrants into the larger cities of the United States during the late nineteenth century was a domestic migration(主语), from town and farm to city, within the United States.例12: Indeed, had it not been for the superb preservation of these fossils(虚拟条件句if it had not been) , they might well havebeen classified as dinosaurs.(4) 强调句的阅读方法Ø 构成：It + be + 强调成分+that/ who+ 其他成分Ø 注意：把强调结构去掉句子仍然完整\正确的就是强调句.强调句不强调形容词和代词.【2016年托福考试阅读中句子结构解析】。
托福写作格式常见形式
托福写作格式常见形式托福写作的复习中，大家对于写作的格式也要有所了解。
今天新东方在线托福网为大家整理了一些考试常用到的写作格式，帮助大家最好规范，争取拿到写作的高分。
下面让我们来看看详细的内容：托福写作格式常见形式总结第一种托福作文格式IntroductionBackground+ My Opinion / LayoutBody:1. Opinion One/ AdvantageTopic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences+ Reason Two + Supporting Sentences2. Opinion Two/ DisadvantageTopic sentence+ Reason One + Supporting Sentences+ Reason Two + Supporting Sentences+ Reason Three + Supporting SentencesConclusion:Statement of My Opinion (for opinion two/ more disadvantages than advantages)此类结构是双边倾向性结构，是双边结构中的一种。
对大多数中国学生来说，双边结构较单边结构最大的优点是论证过程比较容易扩展。
双边论证指正文两段分别论述下两个观点或优缺点。
可以做一个有趣的比喻，托福写作中双边论证的结构就像是在打一场官司，引言段引出话题，可以看作是书记员来宣布审理的案件，正文两段分别是两个观点，可以理解为被告和原告的辩护律师来列举对自己有利的证据，结尾段得出观点，即法官在总结了被告原告律师的发言后，得出自己的答案，同意哪一方，是否定罪。
第二种托福写作格式IntroductionBackground+My OpinionBody:1.Reason One + Supportiong Sentences(ss表示)2.Reason Two + SS3.Reason Three + SSConclusion:Restatement of My Opinion上述结构中的supporting sentences在议论文中的体现方式是一些论证方法，如举例子(exemplification)，对比对照(contrast& comparison)，列数据(raising figures)，让步(making concession)等来对自己支持的观点进行论证，使考官信服。
托福阅读--隔开局句子结构
托福阅读：实例解析如何正确隔开句子结构在托福阅读文章中，出现了大量的长难句，如果掌握如何抓住这些长难句的主干，那么将对整篇文章的理解都会大有裨益。
其中的一个法宝呢，就是我们去找出长难句的主语和谓语，一般来讲，主语是句子开头的核心名词，谓语是离主语最近的带有时态的动词。
但是，在长难句中，主语和谓语间隔的距离较远，而且主谓语之间常常有很多从句或是修饰成分的短语，这就成了干扰我们的信息，所以要想抓住长难句的句子主干，需要熟悉主语和谓语之间的结构。
现在呢，我们先来分析一下长难句中主语和谓语之间常见的干扰结构，以便帮助考生迅速的找到句子的主干。
如果我们想要理解托福阅读句子的内容，最重要的就是找出主语。
在托福阅读的长难句的句首中可能很多名词罗列在一起，但是通常情况下，只有一个名词或者是并列的多个名词是主语，其他名词都是主语的后置修饰成分，名词修饰成分常常用逗号与其前后的其他成分隔开，因此，“双逗号”就是区分主语和其名词修饰成分的最好工具。
在读这类长难句的时候可以参考如下步骤：先读句子主干，再读主语的后置名词修饰成分，最后读句子的其他修饰成分。
下面，我们找一个托福阅读题材分析：例：In addition to finding an increase of suitable browse, like huckleberry and vine maple, Arthur Einarsen, longtime game biologist in the Pacific Northwest, found quality of browse in the open areas to be substantially more nutritive.解析：In addition to finding an increase of suitable browse引导的是增补成分，like 表举例说明。
此句的主语为Arthur Einarsen，离主语最近的带有时态的动词found为谓语，quality of browse 为宾语，in the open areas 为状语，to be substantially more nutritive.为宾语补足语。
托福考试语法结构知识点
托福考试语法结构知识点托福考试是一个评估非英语母语者英语能力的标准化测试，其中语法结构是考试的一个重要部分。
掌握语法结构的知识点对于正确理解和运用英语语言至关重要。
本文将介绍托福考试中常见的语法结构知识点，帮助考生更好地备考。
一、动词时态和语态1. 一般现在时：用于陈述普遍事实、经常重复的动作或客观真理。
例如：Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.2. 一般过去时：用于过去发生的动作或状态。
例如：I watched a movie yesterday.3. 现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作或现阶段的状态。
例如：She is reading a book now.4. 过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。
例如：They were studying when I called them.5. 将来时态的使用：用于表示将来的动作或状态。
例如：I will go to the party tomorrow.6. 被动语态：用于强调动作的接受者而不是执行者。
例如：The book was written by Mark Twain.二、主谓一致1. 单复数主谓一致：主语是单数时，谓语动词要用单数形式；主语是复数时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
例如：She walks to school every day. They walk to school every day.2. 近距离主谓一致：当主语和谓语之间有介词短语或从句时，要根据主语而不是介词短语或从句来确定谓语动词的单复数形式。
例如：The book, along with its companion, is on the shelf.三、条件句1. 第一型条件句：表示真实条件和其可能的结果。
例如：If it rains,I will stay at home.2. 第二型条件句：表示对现在或未来假设的不太可能或不可能的条件及其可能的结果。
托福句子结构语法结构
1 Those second-hand pianos are selling like hot cakes, if you want one, you'd better buy one now before they're all gone.sell like hot cakes=sell very well or very quickly2 Whenever I have to make a speech I get butterflies in my stomach.get butterflies in one's stomach=get nervous3 He would do anything for his daughter. She was the apple of his eye.be the apple of one's eye=be very precious to sb.4 Lend me $30,please,Tom, I'm broke at the moment.be broke=doesn't have any money5 The accident was caused by a taxi driver jumping the green light. jumpthe green light=doesn't wait for the traffic lights to change to green6 You didn't think I was serious, did you, Joe! It was a joke! I was pullingyour leg, that's all.pull one's leg=tease someone,逗某人玩7 Because the owner wanted a quick sale, the painting went for a song-only$1000.If something "goes for a song" ,it is sold very cheaply8 He caught the last train by the skin of his teeth.By the skin of one's teeth =the person only just caught the last train; heal mostmissed it.9 There was a shortage of food; so you had to pay through the nose for what you could find.To "pay through the nose" for something is to pay far more for something thanit is really worth10 If he finds out what you did with the company's money, he'll hit the roof.Hit the roof=get very angry11 The sky got very dark and soon the rain began to bucket down.Bucket down = rain very heavily12 They all chip in for the benefit of Simpson's widow and little child.chip in=contribute money捐献13 He usually buys his clothes off the peg. It's cheaper than going to a dressmaker. Off the peg clothes =成衣14 Now stop beating about the bush and tell me what happened!beat about the bush=avoid saying directly what you mean15 I really must go and lie down for a while ;I've got a splitting headache.splitting headache=painful headache1. Arid regions in the southwestern United States have become increasingly inviting playgrounds for the growing number of recreation seekers who own vehicles such asmotorcycles or powered trail bikes and indulge in hill-climbing contests or in caving new trails in the desert.美国西部的不毛之地正成为玩耍的地方，对越来越多拥有摩托车或越野单车类车辆的，喜欢放纵于爬坡比赛或开辟新的沙漠通道的寻欢作乐者具有不断增长的吸引力。
托福阅读-从分析句子结构开始
托福阅读-从分析句子结构开始是否因为单词认识还是读不懂或听不懂而头痛，学习一下长难句吧。
小马托福备考包每包10个长难句的训练是最佳的句子训练的材料，自己学习并参考小马备考包解析锦囊，里面有每个句子的解析。
本文是对托福句子训练的一个理论补充，大家学习之前可以阅读本贴，同时，等学习了几个备考包后再重新参考本贴定会有质的飞跃... ...开始吧!!句子分类概述：托福的句子分为三种：简单句、并列句和复合句，其中并列句和复合句又是由若干个简单句组成。
简单句的基本结构有5种：1．主语+谓语2．主语+连系动词+表语3．主语+谓语+宾语4．主语+谓语+直接宾语/间接宾语5．主语+谓语+宾语+宾补虽然托福句子的分类很简单，但是由于表达意思的复杂化，句与句之间的衔接照应、修词的使用和语言省略原则使原本很简单的这五种句子的基本结构在实际运用中呈现了复杂化、多样化的趋势。
特别在长句中，这种趋势表现尤为突出。
因此常常造成了阅读的障碍，是整个句子或争端化的意思不能连贯地理解下来，或理解上出现错误。
并列平行结构I．概念综述并列平行结构使用并列连词或标点符号将两个或两个以上的同等成分连接起来组成一种并列或平行的结构，以表达一种复杂的多层次的含义。
连接的同等成分可以是多种成分，例如动词的宾语，名词的定语、同位语，介词短语等，使用并列连词连接两个或多个句子构成则并列句。
使用并列结构可是文字简洁，结构紧凑，避免重复。
由于这种结构组成方式不同，或其他句子成分的介入，或多重并列平行的存在，往往使读者在阅读时不易分辨清除，找不到句子的主干，形成在阅读中遇到的障碍。
常见的并列连词：and，but，so，yet，however，for，nor，or，still，not only…but also…，either…or，neither…nor等还需注意的是，并列连词在句中所起的不仅仅是简单的连接作用，还可以表示其他关系，例如结果、条件、连续、选择、原因、对比等等II．分类概述1．名词的平行结构：1．1．作主语的名词平行结构：Cool temperatures, shade, moist, and the presence of dead organic material provide the ideal living conditions for mushrooms. (moist应改为moisture)凉爽的温度、阴暗处和有死去的有机物的地方，为蘑菇提供了理想的生活条件。
新托福考试核心语法
8.从属连词和并列连词：掌握从属连词如because、although、if等引导的从句的用法，以及并列连词如and、but、or等连接并列结构的方法。
9.修饰语和定语从句：了解形容词和副词作为修饰语的用法，特别是在描述人、事物、地点和时间等方面的修饰。掌握定语从句的形成和使用规则。
10.数量词和度量词：熟悉基本的数量词和度量词，如few、many、much、little、a few、a lot of、a little等的用法和区别。
4.代词：熟悉人称代词、物主代词、反身代词和相互代词等的用法，包括主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的形式和用法。
5.动词：掌握动词的时态、语态和情态动词的用法，包括动词的逻辑主语、及物动词和不及物动词的区别，以及动词的非谓语形式如动名词和不定式的用法。
6.介词和介词短语：了解常见介词如in、on、at、by等的用法，特别是在表示时间、地点和方式等方面的搭配规则。
新托福考试核心语法
1.时态和语态：熟悉一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时以及完成时等时态的用法，并了解被动语态的构成和使用。
2.句子结构：掌握简单句、并列句、复合句和条件句等不同类型的句子结构，包括主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主系表结构、状语从句名词和不可数名词的区别，并能够正确使用名词的修饰语和定语从句。
托福考试中的常见语法知识点
托福考试中的常见语法知识点托福考试是全球范围内最为知名的英语语言水平测试之一。
语法是托福考试中的重要篇章之一，同时也是考生通过托福考试的关键所在。
在语法考试中，考生需要明确掌握一些常见的语法知识点，本文将为大家详细介绍。
一、语法的基石：句子结构英语语法的最基础也是最重要的一部分是句子结构。
在托福考试中，句子在很多题目的考点中都是基础的考查对象，因此考生有必要对句子结构的基本知识有所了解。
英语句子一般都是由主语、谓语和宾语组成的。
其中，主语是指句子中扮演行为者或者状态的角色，谓语则是主语执行的动作，宾语则是谓语动作的对象。
除了这三个基本要素，英语句子中还会有其他的成分，例如宾语补足语、介词短语等。
这些要素的掌握是语法基本功的重中之重，在托福考试中相关的考点也不容忽视。
二、主谓一致主谓一致指的是主语和谓语在时态和语态上相符合。
是托福考试语法考点中比较常见的一个难点。
在主谓一致中，时态一定要一致。
举个例子，如果主语是过去式的单数形式，谓语也应当是单数的过去时态，不可以混用。
而在语态上，则应当与主语相匹配。
例如，如果主语是被动语态，那么谓语也应当是被动语态。
尤其重要的是注意在长难句中的主谓一致问题，稍有不慎就会导致考试得分的下降。
三、时态时态是托福语法中比较重要的考点之一，要求考生具备良好的时态掌握能力。
在英语中，时态代表了动作发生的时间关系,包括过去时间、现在时间以及将来时间。
常见的复合时态如现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时等,也需要较高的掌握水平。
时态考试内容包括时态种类分类、时态形式变化规律、时态的用法以及时态的正确运用。
在原句子时态错误的基础上改正，也是托福考试中经常出现的题目类型，考生需要有足够的敏锐度以及语法知识处理。
四、动词形式在英语中，动词的形式会受到主谓一致以及时态等多种因素的影响，需要考生在语法掌握时进行注意。
英语动词一般分为不定式(Infinitive)、现在分词(Present participle)和过去分词(Past participle)三种形式。
托福写作格式：开头空几个字符
托福写作格式：开头空几个字符托福写作格式：开头空几个字符?相信大家都很关注这个问题。
那么下面小编就来解答一下！托福写作格式：开头空几个字符?格式有两种，一种是开头空两格，另一种是开头不空格，每段结束后空一行，推荐第二种，因为看上去分段更加清晰托福作文：深度分析高分写作的关键要素下面给大家看一位写作21分的同学写的独立作文，这是新东方首考班写作真题中的一篇习作。
附上老师对这篇作文的批(吐)改(槽)，已更正部分低级拼写错误，其他原文呈现。
独立作文题目Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Students now are more interested in politics than those in the past.With the globalization of the whole world(万能开头稍显弱，还有whole world这种画蛇添足的词汇，难道后面要分part world 写?), politics are playing a more important role nowadays, both domestically and internationally. Thus, I agree that students have more interests in this area than those in the past for two reasons.First, the advanced technology, such as high-speed Internet, multi-media and smart mobile phone(什么是smart mobile phone，难道有smart phone不能mobile吗?), allows more students access to the politics events. The technology lay an essential foundament(是foundation吧) for students to keep in touch with those activities. For example, the presidency competition between Hiliton and Trump is getting more dramatic. Lots students(Lots是败笔) would watch the TV argument between them by phone, portable computer(什么是portable computer，专业一点就是laptop和ipad吧) and so on(等等等等……考官看中国考生文章会出现无数so on，审美疲劳有没有). They could even(上下句之间有even的递进关系吗，不明显) watch the live program as they are waiting for a bus, share their opinions on the internet while they are in the washroom and hear the speech in their car driving home. Therefore, the convincing efficiency and entertainment attract more and more(这篇作文good肯定是没戏了) students to focus on this politic event. However, students in the past even don't know how to watch the program(神转折，脑子里想的和表达出来的完全不是一个意思，过去的孩子怎么就不知道看电视节目了!他们又不是弱智!是没电视节目看!是没方便的途径!是However, students in the past lack the plentiful sources to approach politics compared with their counterparts nowadays的意思对伐).Moreover, the more open, transparent and friendly(堆这么多形容词……哎!请注意言之有物!) politic atmosphere provide a great chance for modern students to got involved(时态错了) in these politic activities. Take China for an example(有这种惯用表达吗，我们不是莎士比亚), students beyond 18 years old have the right to vote for political members, like chairman of the students union, which were used to be nominated by school in the past without permitting students to decide who they support and are supposed to be chairman(亲，这么长一句话知道自己在写什么吗?扣分句). This right just inspire the student to choose their own president(这么草草收尾，这论证有点意识流啊!).In a conclusion, the advanced equipments and the openess to ordinary studentsthe bring more students to join in the politic events(这什么意思?什么叫openess to ordinary students?难道还有special students?是不是想说More students are willing to talk about even participate in political events by the help of advanced technologies and increasing civic attitudes toward politics.).(计时写作，全文274词)这篇习作拿到托福考试中，很难达到GOOD要求，通俗讲就是" 亲，不谈论证逻辑，不扯思维深度，就是语言，哥读的有点累啊，有地方要脑补啊，很多句子连不上啊!"那么一篇good标准的独立文章长什么样?还是以该题目为例，不改变上文的立场，不颠覆上文逻辑，尽量保持思维角度的一致性，仅从语言和论证严谨度来修改一下，计时创作一篇。
托福写作疯狂变化的句子结构
官方网站：托福写作疯狂变化的句子结构1.变换句子的开头结构名词做主语介词短语作状语副词作状语状语从句分词短语作状语形容词短语作状语主语从句不定式短语做主语或状语动名词做主语To begin with, even in such areas as computer science, where it is estimated that much of what a student earns today wi be obsoete in just five years, an advanced degree and the education it represents wi continue to be of benefit. Unike undergraduate education, which is divided into a number of smaeducationa units every term, post-baccaaureate education is concentrated on deeper earning in fewer areas. Moreover, most graduate education requires extended, critica focus on compex issues or research projects. And even if the technica information reevant to competing a graduate-eve project becomes outmoded, the earned critica methods and probem-soving approaches wi not.2. 使用不同的句型结构Today’s education system paces too much emphasis on students’ desires rat her than their needs. Accordingy, students are searching for the easy way out, and educators are wiingy conspiring with them. As opposed to this trend, I woud argue that students shoud study what is presented to them rather than what is desired by them. Not onyshoud educators determine the curricuum, but aso they shoud strive to insure that each individua student truy gains from his/her education, rather than just breezes through it.。