2013年6月英语四级冲刺试题及答案(二)-6
2013年6月份英语四级题目和答案
Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.11.W: What are you doing in here, Sir? Didn't you see the private sign over there?M: I'm sorry. I didn't notice it when I came in. I'm looking for the manager's office.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?12.W: Mike, what's the problem? You've known from month the report is due today.M: I know, but I'm afraid I need another few days. The data is hard to interpret than I expected.Q: What does the man mean?13.W: Excuse me, Tony. Has my parcel from New York arrived?M: Unfortunately, it's been delayed due to the bad weather.Q: What is the woman waiting for?14.W: Pam said we won't have the psychology test until the end of next week.M: Ellen, you should know better than to take Pam's words for anything.Q: What doesthe man imply about Pam?15.W: Tom, would you please watch my suitcase for a minute? I need to go make a quick phone call. M: Yeah, sure. Take your time. Our train doesn’t leave for another twenty minutes.Q: What does the man mean?16.M: Frankly, Mary is not what I'd called easy-going.W: I see. People in our neighborhood find it hard to believe she's my twin sister.Q: What does the woman imply?17.M: How soon do you think this can be cleaned?W: We have same day service, sir. You can pick up your suit after five o'clock.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?18.W: I really enjoy that piece you just play on the piano. I bet you get a lot of requests for it.M: You said it. People just can't get enough of it.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Section BQuestions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.W: Good afternoon, Mr. Jones. I am Teresa Chen, and I’ll be interviewing you. How are you today? M: I am fine, thank you. And you, Miss Chen?W: Good, Thanks. Can you tell me something about your experience in this kind of work?M: Well, for several years, I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit, Michigan. Now I work part time because I also go to school at night. I’m getting a business degree.W: Oh, how interesting. Tell me, why do you want to leave your present job?M: I’ll finish school in a few months, and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility.W: And why would you like to work for our company?M: Because I know your company’s work and I like it.W: Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?M: Of course, I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish. I used to take classes in Spanish at the local college. And I like travelling a lot.W: Can you give me any references?M: Yes, certainly. You can talk to Mr. McCaw, my boss, at the Brownstone Company. I could also give you the names and numbers of several of my teachers.W: All right, Mr. Jones, and would you like to ask me any questions?M: Yes, I wonder when I’ll be informed about my application for the job.W: Well, we’ll let you know as soon as possible. Let’s stay in touch. Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.M: Thank you.Questions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What does the man say about his working experience?20. Why does the man want to leave his present job?21. What is the man interested in?22. What question did the man ask the woman？Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.M: Lisa, Lisa! Over here, darling! It's wonderful to see you. Oh, Lisa, you look marvelous.W: Oh, Paul, you look tired. Two months away in the capital? Paul, I think you've been working too hard.M: I'm fine. The city is very hot this time of the year. It's good to get back to some fresh air. You know, Lisa, what they say about pregnant women really is true.W: What's that Paul?M: They say they look beautiful.W: Well, I had a lot of tension while you've been studying hard on your course in D.C.M: Oh?W: Oh, don't worry, all from a man over 50. Father has told all his business friends the good news about the baby. And the phone hasn't stopped ringing.M: Oh, look, darling. There's a taxi.W: Paul, tell me about the special project you mentioned on the phone. You sounded very excited about it!M: You know, I've learned a lot from the project. I'm surprised that was still in business.W: That's because we have a wonderful sales manager ——you!M: Thanks. But that's not the problem at all. Lisa, our little company, and it is little compared to the giants in the city. Our little company's in danger. We are out of date.We need to expand. If we don't, we will be swallowed up by one of the giants.Questions 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What do we learn about Lisa?24. What do we learn about the man from the conversation?25. What does the man say about his company?Section CPassage 1Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.Farmington, Utah, is a more pleasant community since a local girls' 4-H club improved Main Street. Six 4-H girls worked to clean the 72 foot curbside that was covered with weeds, rocks and trash. Each member volunteered to clean up and to dig in plot, five flats of flowers. They also took terms in watering, weeding and maintaining the plot. Participation in this project helped the girls developed a new attitude towards their parents of their own homes; they've learned how to work with tools, and improve their work habits. One mother said that before her daughter was involved in this project, she would not even pour a weed. The experience on Main Street stimulated self-improvement, and encouraged members to take pride in their home grounds and the total community. City officials cooperated with the 4-H members in planting trees, building cooking facilities, pick-me tables, swings and public rest rooms. The 4-H girls planted trees and took care of them during the early stages of growth. The total park project needed more plantings in the following years. Members of the 4-H club agreed to follow the project through to completion, because they receive satisfaction from the results of constructive work. The project is a growing one and is spread from the park to the school and the shopping center. Trees and flowers have all been planted in the shopping center, making the atmosphere pleasant.Questions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. What do we learn about Main Street in Farmington?27. What do the 4-H club members do about the curbside?28. What have the 4-H girls learned from the project?29. Why do the 4-H girls agree to follow the park project through to complete.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Passage 2According to a survey on reading conducted in 2001 by the U.S. National Education Association (NEA), young Americans say reading is important, more important than computers and science. Over 50% of the 12 to 18 years old interviewed say they enjoy reading a lot. 79% find it stimulating and interesting. And 87% think it is relaxing. About 68% of those surveyed disagreed with the opinion that reading is boring or old-fashioned.Over half teenagers interviewed said they read more than ten books a year. The results also show that middle school students read more books than high schoolers. Over 66% of teens like to read fiction, such as novels and stories. Over 26% are interested in non-fiction, such history books.64% of students listed reading stories about people my own age. That's a favorite topic. Mysteries and detective stories came second on the list at 53%. Just under 50% said they were interested in reading about their own culture in tradition. Of the teenagers who participated in the survey, 49% said that libraries are where they get most of their books. However, many complain that theirschool libraries do not have enough up-to-date interesting books and magazines. Even though many teenagers in the US enjoy reading, they still have other interests. When asked which activity would be the most difficult to give up for a week, 48% said listening to music. TV would be difficult to give up for 25% of those surveyed.Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. What does the survey on teenager reading show?31. What books are most popular among teenagers according to the survey?32. What activity do teenagers find the most difficult to give up for a week?Questions 33-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.Passage 3Thank you for coming, everyone. Today’s presentation will show how we see the development of the motor car in the short to medium term, and that is why we have invited all of you here today. Let’s start with power. It’s clear that petrol-driven engines have no future. Already there are many alternative fuel vehicles on the market, powered by anything from solar power to natural gas. Some independent thinkers have even produced cars that run on vegetable oil. But as we all know, of all these alternative fuel vehicles, the most practical are electric vehicles. Sure, in the past electric vehicles have their problems, namely, a limited driving range, and very few recharging points, which limited their use. Now, however, recent developments in electric vehicle technology mean they can match conventional petrol engines in terms of performance and safety. Let’s not forget that electric vehicles ar e cleaner. Plus, importantly, the power source is rechargeable, so this does not involve using any valuable resources. Moving on to communications, very soon, cars will be linked to GPS satellites, so they’ll do all the driving for you. What controls remain for the users will be audio-based, so, for example, you’ll just have to say “a bit warmer”, and the air conditioning will adjust automatically. You’ll also be able to receive email, music and movies, all via an internet link. So just type in the destination you want, sit back, sleep, watch your movie, whatever.Questions 33-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. What is the presentation mainly about?34. What used to restrict the use of electric vehicles?35. What does the speaker say about electric vehicles of today?2013年6月大学英语四级考试Part III Listening Comprehension长对话答案+解析Conversation 1【听力原文】W: Good afternoon, Mr. Jones. I am Teresa Chen, and I’ll be interviewing you. How are you today?M: I am fine, thank you. And you, Miss Chen?Good, Thanks.W: Can you tell me something about your experiences in this kind of work?M: Well, for several years, I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit, Michigan. Now I work part time because I also go to school at ni ght. I’m getting a business degree.W: Oh, how interesting. Tell me, why do you want to leave your present job?M: I’ll finish school in a few months, and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility.W: And why would you like to work for our company?M: Because I know your company’s work, and I like it.W: Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?M: Of course, I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish. I used to take classes in Spanish at the local college. And I like travelling a lot.W: Can you give me any references?M: Yes, certainly. You can talk to Mr. McCaw, my boss, at the Brownstone Company. I could also give you the names and numbers of several of my teachers.W: All right, Mr. Jones, and would you like to ask me any questions?M: Yes, I wonder when I’ll be informed about my application for the job?W: Well, we’ll let you know as soon as possible. Let’s stay in touch. Thank you very much for coming this afternoon.M: Thank you.Questions 19-22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What does the man say about his working experience?20. Why does the man want to leave his present job?21. What is the man interested in?22. What question did the man ask the woman？【总评】这是一篇以面试为场景的听力对话。
2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第2套)
2013年6月英语四级考试真题试卷（2）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.School LunchRyan moved silently through the lunch line. The cook put a cheeseburger (奶酪汉堡) and an applesauce cup on his tray. He grabbed a bottle of milk from the cooler at the end of the line and found a seat in the cafeteria (食堂). Ryan saw that his friend Tyler had brought lunch from home. "What did you bring today, Tyler?" he asked.Tyler pulled his meal out of its brown paper sack. "I've got a ham sandwich, chips, two cupcakes, and a can of soda."Ryan's mouth started to water. "Uh, Tyler," he said. "If you don't want one of those cupcakes, I'll take it. They sure look good. "Tyler handed Ryan his cupcake. "Sure," he said. "I won't eat all this."Lunch RequirementsIs Ryan eating a healthy meal if he eats the school lunch? School lunch supporters say "Yes." Recent studies show that a government-approved school lunch has more variety and is more nutritious (有营养的) than most lunches brought from home. It's also lower in fat.The National School Lunch Act requires that school lunches go along with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans developed by the government. Meals must contain a variety of foods with plenty of grains and at least one fruit or vegetable each day. Foods must not contain too much sugar or salt.A hot lunch can contain up to 30% fat, but not more than 10% of its calories (卡路里) should come from saturated (饱和的) fat. In an average week, you should get one-third of the daily Recommended Dietary Allowances for protein, iron, calcium (钙), and vitamins A and C from your school lunch.Dare to CompareLet's compare Ryan's and Tyler's meals to sec which is healthier. Ryan's hot lunch (without the cupcake from his friend) has 577 calories, 25 grams of total fat. and 12 grams of saturated fat. He had one serving of fruit, 26 grams of protein, and 483 milligrams of calcium. Ryan ate more total fat (39%) and saturated fat (19%) than the dietary guidelines recommend. However, schools can still meet the guidelines by having the numbers average out over a week of lunches.Tyler's lunch from home (this includes both cupcakes) had 1 014 calories. 45 grams (40%) of total fat, and 10 grams (9%) of saturated fat. He ate 21 grams of protein and 155 milligrams of calcium, but no fruits or vegetables. Tyler's meal met the saturated fat guidelines, but had too much total fat.Tyler ate more calories and total fat than Ryan did. Ryan ate more protein, calcium, and fruit than Tyler did. Which meal would you say is the healthier choice?? la Carte OptionsFederal standards and most school districts forbid selling food in the cafeteria that competes with the school lunch. Many programs do, however, offer àla carte choices for students who don't want the hot meal. Foods sold àla carte separate from the main meal and are priced individually. These foods do not have to meet the same nutritional standards as the foods on the hot lunch menu. Neither do the foods sold at a snack-bar or those foods available elsewhere in the school.A study in one Texas school district compared the lunches of fourth graders who did not have food choices with those of fifth graders who could choose either a standard lunch or select from a snack-bar. The fourth graders ate 25% more fruits and vegetables than the fifth graders.Food sold as fund-raisers can also have an impact on school lunch. The money raised is important to provide needed funds for many after-class activities. But the meal's overall nutritional quality usually goes down. Many of these foods are high in fat, sugar, or both, and often come in extralarge portions. Fundraisers rarely sell fruits and vegetables.Choosing WiselySchool food-service programs are trying to please students, and still offer quality, nutritious meals at low cost. That task isn't easy. One school district in New York decided to do something about it. A student advisory board kept the food-service director up-to-date on what the kids wanted. They also worked with school snack-bars to sell smaller servings of chips and candy. You can make healthy meal choices at school even when not-so-healthy choices are available. You can be sure to get a nutritious meal when you pick foods from the Food Guide Pyramid. Forexample, always drink milk or a calcium-rich juice for lunch. Even chocolate milk is more nutritious than soda or a sports drink. Stay away from snack foods offered àla carte. They may fill you up now, but the ones that contain a lot of fat and sugar will slow you down later. Always eat the fruits and vegetables offered at the meal. They help give you the energy and vitamins you need to get you through the rest of your school day.Some people like to make fun of school lunches, but good nutrition is no laughing matter. Your school's hot lunch is based on the Food Guide Pyramid, so it's full of nutrition. Give it a try. You might be pleasantly surprised.It's a Team EffortTeam Nutrition is a program that gets schools excited about healthy eating. Schools across the nation pick a team leader who develops fun nutrition activities. The leader works with students, teachers, parents, food-service workers, and people from the community. Activities can range from running a school health fair to planting a garden.At the Jordan Community School in Chicago, Illinois, one group of fifth graders showed off their "pizza(比萨饼)garden" in a big, colorful poster showing vegetarian pizzas. The students and food-service staff planted and took care of the vegetables that they would later use as ingredients on their pizzas. The group started growing the plants in the school's cafeteria. Then they moved them outdoors to the students' demonstration garden.This is just one way to get everyone involved in making school lunch healthy and fun. Team up with your own group and see how creative you can get.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2013年6月英语四级冲刺试题及答案(二)-5
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part ⅢReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)【参考译文】【答案解析】1．B线索词：the purpose of building the Great Wall system定位处：文章第二段开头。
解析：原文提到：“调查研究表明，中国历代王朝都在不问断地修筑长城以抵御北部蒙古部落的入侵。
”A项“避免派遣驻军的麻烦”、C项“划清与蒙古国的界线”、D项“与成吉思汗城墙一争高下”均不正确。
应选B。
2．A线索词：William Lindesay定位处：文章第三段。
解析：原文提到：“本次探险队的领队、长城研究专家威廉•林赛说，蒙古境内残留的一系列城墙被称做‘成吉思汗城墙”’。
可见，他是一名研究长城的专家，而不单单是研究这段不为人所知的城墙的专家。
故选A。
3．C线索词：the newly discovered section of the Great Wall定位处：文章第六段。
解析：原文提到：“而且，该小组的发现表明，这不是成吉思汗或者其后人建造的，事实上却是长期以来中国万里长城不为人知的一段。
”可见，这段新发现的长城是中国万里长城的一部分。
4．A线索词：Lindesay and his expedition team,the first group定位处：第一个小标题First to Investigate New Great Wall?下的第二段。
解析：原文提到，林赛说，他们是第一批研究这处遗迹的人。
下一段提到他们是第一批获准进入该地区的外国人；可能有当地蒙古人曾来过该地区；林赛他们是否是首先在“谷歌地球”上发现这段长城的人在文中找不到依据；故只有A项正确。
remaining walls是ruins 的同义转述。
2013年6月英语四级模拟题及答案第二套
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）1．What kind of bill is the U．K．government considering?A)Apermanent DST across the country．B)Anextension of DST across the country．C)Atryout of year-round DST across the country．D)Alengthening DST for the purpose of enhancing tourism．2．According to this passage，which research suggests that people are more likely to visit parksand attractions after work?A)Researchdone by Janson．B)Time—usesludies．C)Research done by Hendrik Wolff．D)Research from the independent PSl．3．Which of the following islikely to SUffer under DST?A)Personalbusinesses．B)Theaters．C)Go If courses．D)Parksand other attractions.4.Whyare Colorado ski resorts opposed to the bill introduced by Senator Greg Brophy?A)Becausethe bill will place Colorado on a one．year trial of permanent DST．B)Because some outdoorsy population like to ski in the morningC)Becausepeople there don’t like the idea of having an extra hour of darkness．D)Because the bill would probably cut an hour off their daily operations．5．Why is the stale ofIndialia mentioned in the passage?A)To show that DST doesn’t save energy sometimes．B)To show that some states don’t like the idea of DST．C)To show that DST can enhmice tourism．D)Toshow that people are happy—go—lucky with or wo it hout DST．6．The DOE report found theextended DST________ ．A)couldonly save a small amount of energyB)washelpfid for saving electricily because the overall consumption was hugeC)could reduce annual energy consumption of the whole country by 50％D)hardlydid any good to energy—saving7． According to this passage，the reason why the gains under DST are smaller in the South than inthe North is likely to be that__________.A)the use of air conditioners is increasedB)peoplein the North enjoy the outdoor life moreC)peoplein the South watch TV a lotD)people in the South are against the idea of DST8．Proponents of DST say theroadways will be safer in the afternoon rush hours since usually there're marry_______________________________On the road．9．Concerning___________________________，agricultural community opposesyear．roundDST．10．Till Roenne berg’s research shows that human bodyclocks aren’t table to__________.“成千上万人疯狂下载。
2013年6月英语四级冲刺试题及答案06
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices givenin a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasemark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Women with low literacy suffer disproportionately more than men,encountering more 47 in finding awell-paying job and being twice as likely to end up in the group of lowest wageearners, a study released on Wednesday said.Analysis by the Institute for Women's Policy Research (IWPR) foundwomen at all levels of 48 tend toearn less than men, but it's at the lowest literacy levels that the wage gapbetween genders is most striking.Women with low literacy are twice as 49 as men at the same skill level to be amongthe lowest earners,bringing in $300 a week or less, the report said. "Because women start off so low in terms of wages, havinghigher literacy and more skills really 50 a big difference," said Kevin Miller,a 51 research associate at IWPR and co-author of the study.Women need to go 52 in their training and education level to earnthe same as men, Miller said.The 53 was based on 2009 National Assessment ofAdult Literacy surveys, the most recent data 54 ,and focused on reading skills, not writingand numeric literacy. That data was 55 from a nationally representative sample of19,714 people aged 16 and older, living in households or prisons.Data showed about one-third of American adults have low literacylevels, and more than 36 percent of men and 33 percent of women fall into that 56 , the institute said.A) pattern I) conductedB) senior J)independentC) longer K) literacyD) difficulties L) analysisE) category M) likelyF) collected N) furtherG) positions Ｏ) makesH) availableSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each is followedby some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.An industrial society, especially one as centralized andconcentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essentialservices: for instance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, theharbors. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish,hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computerand information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate,the whole economic system is in danger.It is this economic interdependency of the economic system whichmakes the power of trade unions (工会)such an important issue. Single trade unionshave the ability to cut off many countries' economic blood supply.This can happen more easily in Britain than in some othercountries, in part because the labor force is highly organized. About 55percent of British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in theUnited States.For historical reasons, Britain's unions have tended to developalong trade (行业) and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industrybasis, which makes a wages policy, democracy in industry and the improvement ofprocedures for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve.There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade unionmovement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure.Some unions have lost many members because of their industrial changes.Ｏthers are involved in arguments about who should represent workersin new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general unions,which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a sourceof bad feelings between unions. In traditional trades which are being pushedout of existence by advancing technologies,unions can fight for their members'disappointing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union members are threatenedor destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and inBritain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printers to hold on totheir traditional highly-paid jobs.Trade unions have problems of internal communication just asmanagers in companies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or inthose which bring workers in very different industries together into a single generalunion．Some tradeunion officials have to be re．elected regularly；others are elected，or even appointed，for life．Trade union officials have to workwith a system of“shop stewards”(工厂工人代表)in many unions，“shop stewards”being workers elected by other workers as theirrepresentatives at factory or work level．57．Why is the trade union power crucial in Britain?A)Because the economy is very interdependent．B)Because the unions have been established a long time．C)Because there are more unions in Britain than elsewhere．D)Because there are many essential services offered by the unions．58．Because of their out-of-date organization，someunions find it diffcult to__________．A)bargain for high enough wagesB)get new members to joinC)learn new technologiesD)change as industries change59．Disagreements arise between unions because some of them__________．A)try to win over members of other unionsB)ignore agreementsC)protect their own members at the expense of othersD)take over other unions’jobs60．Why does the author compare the trade unions with managers incompanies?A)They are both influential in company affairs．B)They both face problems of internal communication．C)They both work with a system of“shop stewards”．D)They both work efficiently.61．The title which best expresses the idea of the text wouldbe__________．A)British Trade Unions and Their DrawbacksB)A Centralized and Concentrated SocietyC)The Power of Trade Unions in BritainD)The Structure of British Trade Unions“成千上万人疯狂下载。
2013年6月四级英语真题与听力原文及答案解析完整版
2013 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题（标准卷）Total score: 710Total time allowed: 125 minutes特注：2013年 6 月大学四级考试采用多题多卷形式，本试卷含两套写作题，考生可以任选其一。
Part I Writing(多题多卷写作题1) (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of doing small things before undertaking something big. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part I Writing ( 多题多卷写作题2) (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the importance of reading literature. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given inthe passage.Can Digital Textbook Truly Replace the Print Kind?The shortcomings of traditional print edition textbooks are obvious: For starters they’ re with the average physics textbook weighing 3.6 pounds. They’ re also expensive, especially when you factor in the average college student’ s limited budget, typically costingdsof hundredollarsevery semester.But the worst part is that print version of textbooks are constantly undergoing revisions.Many professors require that their students use only the latest versions in the classroom,essentially rendering older texts unusable. For students, it means they ’ basicallyre stuck with afour pound paper- weight that they can’ t sell back.Which is why digital textbooks, if they live up to their promise, could help ease many ofthese shortcomings. But till now, they’ ve beenkesomethingamirage li（幻影）in the distance,more like a hazy（模糊的） dream than an actual reality. Imagine the promise: Carrying all yourtextbooks in a 1.3 pound iPad? It sounds almost too good to be true.But there are a few pilot schools already making the transition （过渡） over to digital books.Universities like Cornell and Brown have jumped onboard. And one medical program at theUniversity of California, Irvine, gave their entire class iPads with which to download textbooksjust last year.But not all were eager to jump aboard.“ People were tired of using the iPad textbook besides using it for reading,” says Kalp who will be going into his second year at Irvine’ s medical program this fall.“ They weren it as a source of communication because they couldn ’ t read or write in it. So a third of the peoplein my program were using the iPad in class to take notes, the other third were using laptops andthe last third were using paper and pencil.”The reason it hasn’ t caught on yet, he tells me, is that thectionalityfun of e-edition textbooksis incredibly limited, and some students just aren’ t motivated to learn new study behavior.But a new application called Inkling might change all that. The company just released anupdated version last week, and it utilized’ inllbeover 50 undergraduate and graduate classroomsthis coming school year.“ Digital textbooks are not going to catch on,” says Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis as he’me a demo（演示） over coffee. “ WhatI mean by that is the current perspective of the digitaltextbook is it’ s an exact copy of the print book. There’ s Course Smart, etc., these guys who take any image of the page and put it on a screen. If that’ s how we’ re defining digital textbooks, there no hope of that becoming a mainstream product. ”He calls Inkling a platform for publishers to build rich multimedia content from the groundup, with a heavy emphasis on real-world functionality. The traditional textbook merely serves as askeleton.At first glance Inkling is an impressive experience. After swiping（敲击）into the iPad app (应用软件), which you can get for free here, he opens up a few different types of textbooks.Up first is a chemistry book. The boot time is pretty fast, and he navigates through ( 浏览 ) afew chapters before swiping into a fully rendered 3D molecule that can be spun around to view itsvarious building blocks. “ Publishersgive us all of the source media, artwork, videos,he” says,“ We help them think through how to actually build something for this platform.”Next he pulls u p a music composition textbook, complete with playable demos. It’ s a learning experience that attacks you from multiple sensory directions. It ’clears why this would besomething a music major would love.But the most exciting part about Inkling, to me, is its notation （批注） system. Here’ s how itworks!When you purchase a used print book, it comes with its previous owner ’highlights andnotes in the margins. It uses the experience of someone who already went through the class to helpimprove your reading (how much you trust each notation is obviously up to you).But with lnkling, you can highlight a piece of content and make notes. Here’ s where thin get interesting, though: If a particularly important passage is highlighted by multiple lnkling users,that information is stored on the cloud and is available for anyone reading the same textbook tocome across. That means users have access to notes from not only their classmates and Facebookfriends, but anyone who purchased the book across the country. The best comments are then sorteddemocratically by a voting system, meaning that your social learning experience is shared with thebest and brightest thinkers.As a bonus, professors can even chime in ( 插话) on discussions. They’ ll be able to answerthe questions of students who are in their class directly via the interactive book.Of course, Inkling addresses several of the other shortcomings in traditional print as well.Textbook versions are constanly updated, motivating publishers by minimizing production costs(the big ones like McGraw-Hill are already onboard). Furthermore, students will be able topurchase sections of the text instead of buying the whole thing, with individual chapters costing aslittle as $2.99.There are, however, challenges.“ It takes efforts to build each book,” Maclnnis tells me. And it’ s clear why.Each interactive textbook is a media-heavy experience built from the ground up, and you cantell that it takes a respectable amount of manpower to put together each one.For now the app is also iPad-exclusive, and though a few of these educational institutions aregiving the hardware away for free, for other students who don’ t have such a luxury it’ s layer of cost — and an expensive one at that.But this much is clear. The traditional textbook model is and has been broken for quite sometime. Whether digitally interactive ones like Inkling actually take off or not remains to be seen,and we probably won’ t have a definite answer for the next few years.However the solution to any problem begins with a step in a direction. And at least for now,that hazy mirage in the distance? A little more tangible (可触摸的), a little less of a dream.1. The biggest problem with traditional print textbooks is that _____.A)A)they are not reused once a new edition comes outB)they cost hundreds of dollars every semesterC)they are too heavy to carry aroundD)they take a longer time to revise2. What does the author say about digital textbooks?A)It ’ s not likelyheyt will replace traditional textbooks.B)They haven ’ t fixed all the shortcomings of print books.C)Very few of them are available in the market.D)Many people still have difficulty using them.3.According to Kalpit Shah, some students still use paper and pencil because _____.A) they find it troublesome to take notes with an iPadB) they are unwilling to change their study behaviorC) they have get tired of reading on the iPadD) they are not used to reading on the screen4.Inkling CEO Matt Maclnnis explains that the problem with Course Smart ’currents digital textbooks is that _____.A) they have to be revised repeatedlyB) they are inconvenient to use in classC) they are different from most mainstream products D)they are no more than print versions put on a screen5.Matt Maclnnis describes the updated version of lnkling as _____.A)a good example of the mainstream productsB)a marvelous product of many creative ideasC)a platform for building multimedia contentD)a mere skeleton of traditional textbooks6. The author is most excited about lnkling’notations system because one can _____.A)share his learning experience with the best and brightest thinkersB)participate in discussions with classmates and Facebook friendsC)vote for the best learners democraticallyD)store information on the cloud7.One additional advantage of the interactive digital textbook is that _____.A) students can switch to different discussions at any pointB) students can download relevant critical commentsC) professors can join in students’ online discussionsD) professors can give prompt feedback to students’ homework8.One of the challenges to build an interactive digital textbook from the ground up is that is takesa great deal of _____.9.One problem for students to replace traditional textbooks with interactive digital ones is the high ______ of the hardware.10.According to the author, whether digital textbooks will catch on still _____.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.A) Children should be taught to be more careful.B)Children shouldn’ t drink so much orange juice.C)There is no need for the man to make such a fuss.D)Timmy should learn to do things in the right way.12.A) Fitness training.B) The new job offer.C) Computer programming.D) Directorship of the club.13.A) He needs to buy a new sweater.B) He has got to save on fuel bills.C) The fuel price has skyrocketed.D) The heating system doesn’ t work.14.A) Committing theft.B) Taking pictures.C) Window shopping.D) Posing for the camera.15.A) She is taking some medicine.B) She has not seen a doctor yet.C)She does not trust the man ’ s adviceD). She has almost recovered from the cough.16.A) Pamela ’ s report is not finished as scheduled.B)Pamela has a habit of doing things in a hurry.C)Pamela is not good at writing research papers.D)Pamela ’ s mistakes could haveben avoided.17.A) In the left-luggage office.B) At the hotel reception.C) In a hotel room.D) At an airport.18.A) She was an excellent student at college.B) She works in the entertainment business.C) She is fond of telling stories in her speech.D) She is good at conveying her message.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Arranging the woman’ s appointment with Mr. Romero.B) Fixing the time for the designer fashion’sshowlatest.C)Talking about an important gathering on Tuesday.D)Preparing for the filming on Monday morning.20.A) Her travel to Japan.B)The awards ceremony.C)The proper hairstyle for her new role.D)When to start the makeup session.21. A) He is Mr. Romero’ s agent.B) He is an entertainment journalist.C) He is the woman’ s assistant.D) He is a famous movie star.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A) Make an appointment for an interview.B)Send in an application letter.C)Fill in an application form.D)Make a brief self-introduction on the phone.23.A) Someone having a college degree in advertising.B)Someone experienced in business management.C)Someone ready to take on more responsibilities.D)Someone willing to work beyond regular hours.24.A) Travel opportunities.B)Handsome pay.C)Prospects for promotion.D)Flexible working hours.25.A) It depends on the working hours.B)It ’ s about 500 pound a week.C)It will be set by the Human Resources.D)It is to be negotiated.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A) To give customers a wider range of choices.B)To make shoppers see as many items as possible.C)To supply as many varieties of goods as it can.D)To give space for more profitable products.27.A) On the top shelves.B)On the bottom shelves.C)On easily accessible shelves.D)On clearly marked shelves.28.A) Many of them buy things on impulse.B)A few of them are fathers with babies.C)A majority of them are young couples.D)Over 60% of them make shopping lists.29.A) Sales assistants promoting high margin goods.B)Sales assistants following customers around.C)Customers competing for good bargains.D)Customers losing all sense of time.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A) Teaching mathematics at a school.B)Doing research in an institute.C)Studying for a college degree.D)Working in a high-tech company.31.A) He studied the designs of various choices.B)He did experiments to different materials.C)He bought an alarm clock with a pig face.D)He asked different people for their opinions.32.A) Its automatic mechanism.B)Its manufacturing pattern.C)Its way of waking people up.D)Its funny-looking pig face.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It’ s often caused by a change of circumstances.B) It usually doesn’ t require any special attention.C)It usually appears all of a sudden.D)It usually lasts for several years.34.A) They can’ t mixellwith others.B)They emotionally receive their friends.C)They depend severely on family members.D)They share similar interests with friends.35.A) They lack consistent support from peers.B)They doubt their own popularity.C)They were born psychologically weak.D)They focus too much attention on themselves.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.There was a time when any personal information that was gathered about us was typed on a piece of paper and (36) ________ away in a file cabinet. It could remain there for years and, often (37) ________, never reach the outside world.Things have done a complete about-face since then. (38) ________ for the change has been the astonishingly (39) ________ development in recent years of the computer. Today, any data that is(40)________ about us in one place or another — and for one reason or another — can be stored in a computer bank. It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. They are owned by (41) ________ and by private businesses and corporations, lending (42) ________, direct mailing and telemarketing firms, credit bureaus, credit card companies, and government (43)________ at the local, state, and federal level.A growing number of Americans are seeing the accumulation and distribution of computerized date as a frightening invasion of their privacy. (44) ____________________________________________________________________ as the computer becomesincreasingly efficient, easier to operate, and less costly to purchase and maintain. In 1970, a national survey showed that (45) ____________________________________________________________________. Seven years later, 47 percent expressed the same worry. (46) ____________ ________________________________________________________.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Walking, if you do it vigorously enough, is the overall best exercise for regular physical activity. It requires no equipment, everyone knows how to do it and it carries the47risk of injury. The human body is designed to walk. You can walk in parks or along a river or in your neighborhood. To get48benefit from walking, aim for 45 minutes a day, an average of five days a week.Strength training is another important49 of physical activity. Its purpose is to build and50bone and muscle mass, both of which shrink with age. In general, you will want to do strength training two or three days a week,51 recovery days between sessions.Finally, flexibility and balance training are52important as the body ages. Aches and pains are high on the list of complaints in old age. The result of constant muscle tension and stiffness of joints, many of them are53 , and simple flexibility training can54these by making muscles stronger and keeping joints lubricated ( 润滑 ). Some of this you do whenever you stretch. If you watch dogs and cats, you’ ll get an idea of how naturaleneralitis. The55g is simple: whenever the body has been in one position for a while, it is good to56stretch it in an opposite position.A) allowing F) helping K) preventB) avoidable G) increasingly L) principleC) briefly H) lowest M) provokeD) component I) maintain N) seriouslyE) determined J) maximum O) topicSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We’ reeating way too much of it. Most of us know what we’ redoing and yet we do it anyway.So here ’ s a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take alesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it’ s displayed “ Manypolicy measures to control obesity（肥胖症） assume that people consciously andrationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information andmore access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“ Incontrast,the” researchers continue, “ manyregulations that don ’assumet people makerational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance—like food—ofwhich immoder ate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people ’behaviors with food and alcohol and results ofalcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising ifapplied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren’ t handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted （分配） based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These makealcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it.So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories?And why not limit sa le of food in places that aren’ t primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cashregisters in gas stations, and in most places you can’ t buy-througalco h olfacilitiesatdrive. Atsupermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they’ re easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines.The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals forjunk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.57.What does the author say about junk food?A)People should be educated not to eat too much.B)It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C)Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D)It causes more harm than is generally realized.58.What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A)They should be implemented effectively.B)They provide misleading information.C)They are based on wrong assumptions.D)They help people make rational choices.59.Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?B)There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C)Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers-consumption’over.60. What is the purpose of California’ s rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B)To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C)To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.61.What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A)Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B)Enhancing people’ s awareness of their own health.C)Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D)Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak ’ s decision to file for bankruptcy （破产） protection is a sad, though not unexpected,turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography anddominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak ’ sdownfall to“complacency(自满) ,”that explanationdoesn ’acknowt -ledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago,Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film—and in fact, Kodak inventedthe first digital camera in 1975—but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its newdiscovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn’ t that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at HarvardBusiness School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time thecompany realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent alot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult timeswitching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the newbusinesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fullyembrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them.Now their history has become a liability.Kodak ’ sdownfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the companycommanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which underminedKodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak’ s decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid wentinstead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.62.What do we learn about Kodak?A)It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B)It is approaching its downfall.C)It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D)It is playing a dominant role in the film market.63. Why does the author mention Kodak’ s invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B)To show its effort to overcome complacency.C)To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.64.Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A)They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B)They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C)They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D)They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65. What does the author say Kodak’ s history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.66. What was Kodak’ s fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji photo’ s emergence.C)Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D)Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.Whether you think you need daytime rest or not, picking up a nap（午睡） habit is a smart,healthy move. The Mayo Clinic says naps 67 relaxation, better mood and alertness, and asharper working 68 . A 2008 British study found that compared to getting more nighttime sleep,a mid-day nap was the best way to cope69the mid-afternoon sleepiness.According to the Harvard Health Letter,several studies have shown that people70new information better when they take a nap shortly after learning it. And, most71, a 2007 study of nearly 24,000 Greek adults in the Archives of Internal Medicine found that people who napped72had a 37 percent reduced risk of dying73heart disease compared to peoplewho didn’ t nap.Of course, napping isn ’t74for everyone. If you ’ resuffering from inability to sleep, naps that are too long or taken too late in the day can75with your ability to fall or stay asleep at night.But for most, naps can make you feel sharper and happier. Naps provide different benefits 76on how long they are. A 20-minute nap will boost alertness and concentration; a 90-minute snooze（小睡） can77creativity.According to , you78 a natural dip in body temperature79 1 p.m.and 3 p.m. A short nap at this time can boost alertness80several hours and, for most people, shouldn ’t81being able to fall asleep at night.Pick a dark, cozy place that’ s not too warm or too chilly. prevention.82com snapping。
2013年06月大学英语四级真题含答案
2013年6月大学英语四级考试试题Part Writing (30 minute)Directions: For this part ,you are allowed 30minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline when bellow:1.有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师2.学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素3.学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题Part II Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning ) (15 minute)HighwayA government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and congress passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944,which called for strict, centric controlled desert criteria.The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has been hailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century .To build its 44,000-mile web of highways, bridge and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out. Consider the many geographic, features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, deserts and plains. Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load. Innovative, designs of roadways, tunnels, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face of American.Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida ,and remarkable tunnels like Fort Mchenry in Maryland and Mr. baker in Washington developed under the nation's physical challenges, Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns.Today the interstate system links every major city in the U.S, and the U.S with Canada and Mexico. Built with safety in mind the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians, or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, our engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half that of all other U.S roads (0.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to 1.99 deaths per 100 million on all other roads)By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of jobs, access to the growth options in terms of jobs access to cultural programs health care, and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they enrich most: personal freedom of mobility.The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation's economic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 percent of the nation's freight deliveries arrive by truck. And most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle.Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations ,motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads, residential streets, expressways, and freeways built to support millions of vehicles. The high way system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership. The year construction began he said: "Together, the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear -United States. Without them, we would be a mere alliance of many separate parts."1. National standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.2. General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-lane highways of America.3. It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system.4. Many of the problems presented by the country’s geograp hical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.5. In spite of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is still higher than that of other American roads.6. The interstate highway system provides access between major military installations in America.7. Services stations, motels and restaurants promoted the development of the interstate highway system.8. The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was___________9.Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than__________________10.The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition_____________Part Ⅲ Listening ComprehensionSection A11. A)The girls got on well with each other. B)It's understandable that girls don't get along.C)She was angry with the other young stars. D)The girls lacked the courage to fight.12. A)The woman does her own housework. B)The woman needs a housekeeper.C)The woman's house is in a mess. D)The woman works as a housekeeper.13. A)The Edwards are quite well-off.B)The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses.C)It'll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another house.D)It's too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house.14.A)The woman didn't except it to be so warm at noon. B)The woman is sensitive to weather changes.C)The weather forecast was unreliable D)The weather turned cold all of a sudden.15. A)At a clinic. B)At a restaurant. C)In a supermarket. D)In an ice cream shop.16. A)The woman did not feel any danger growing up in the Bronx.B)The man thinks it was quite safe living in the Bronx district.C)The woman started working at an early age to support her family .D)The man doesn’t think it safe to send an 8-year-old to buy things.17. A)The man has never seen the woman before. B)The two speakers work for the same company.C)The two speakers work in the same floor. D)The woman is interested in market research.18. A)The woman can't tolerate any noise. B)The man is looking foe an apartment.C)The man has missed his appointment. D)the woman is going to take a train trip.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A)To make a business report to the woman . B)To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.C)To resign from his position in the woman's company. D)To exchange stock market information with the woman.20. A)He is head of a small trading company. B)He works in an international insurance company.C)He leads s team of brokers in a big company. D)He is a public relations officer in a small company.21. A)The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.B)Mr. Saunders will share one third of the woman's responsibilities.C)Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.D)The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders' past experience.22. A)She's worried about the seminar. B)The man keeps interrupting her.C)She finds it too hard. D)She lacks interest in it.23. A)The lecturers are boring. B)The course is poorly designed.C)She prefers Philosophy to English. D)She enjoys literature more.24. A)Karen's friend. B)Karen's parents. C)Karen's lecturers. D)Karen's herself.25. A)Changing her major. B)Spending less of her parents' money.C)Getting transferred to the English Department. D)Leaving the university.Section BPassage One Question 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Rent a grave. B) Burn the body. C) Bury the dead near a church. D)buy a piece of land for a grave.27. A) To solve the problem of lack of land. B)To see whether they have decayed.C)To follow the Greek religious practice. D)To move them to a multi-Storey28. A)They should be buried lying down . B)They should be buried standing up.C)They should be buried after being washed. D)They should be buried when partially decayed.29. A)Burning dead bodies to ashes. B)Storing dead bodies in a remote place.C)Placing dead bodies in a bone room. D)Digging up dead bodies after three years.Passage Two Question 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A)Many foreign tourist visit the Unite States every year. B)Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C)The United States is a country of immigrants. D)Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.31. A)They can make friends with people from other countries.B)They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C)They can practice speaking foreign languages there.D)They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.32. A)The couple cook the dishes and the children help them .B)The husband does the cooking and the wife serves as the address.C)The mother does the cooking while the famepand children within the guests.D)A hired cook prepares the dishes and the family members serve the guests.Passage Three Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard .33. A)He took them to watch a basketball game. B)He trained them to play European football.C)He let them compete in getting balls out of a basket. D)He taught them to play an exciting new game.34. A)The players found the basket too high to teach. B)The players had trouble getting the ball out of the basket.C)The players had difficulty understanding the complex rules. D)The players soon found the game boring.35. A)By removing the bottom of the basket. B)By lowering the position of the basket.C)By simplifying the complex rules. D)By altering the size Of the basket.Section CF or American time is money. They say, “you only get so much time in this life; you'd better use it wisely." The(36)__________without be better than the past or present. As American are (37)__________to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activity, Thus American(38)__________a "well-organized" person is punctual and is(40)__________of other people's time. They do not (41)__________people's time with conversation or other activity that has no(42)__________beneficial outcome.The American attitude toward time is not (43)__________shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They aremore likely to regard time as (44)__________.One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the states is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In the contest (45)__________.McDonald’s, KFC, and eating meals. As McDonald’s restaurants(46)__________, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.Part IV reading comprehension(reading in depth)Section AEI Nino is name given to the mysterious and often unpredictable change in the climate of the world. This strange ___47_____happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____48____,the ocean temperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in form the east to warm up by as much as 5`C.The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___49___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased across South American ____50____floods to Peru. In the West pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and____51____.EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most___52____weather in modern history .Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____53___of damage. The 1990 EI Nino will ____55___,but they are still not __56___sure what leads to it or what affects how strong it will be.A)estimate B)strength C)deliberately D)notify E)tropical F)phenomenon G)stable H)attractionI)completely J)destructive K)starvation L)bringing M)exhaustion N)worth O)strikeSection BPassage OneCommunications technologies are far from equal when it comes to conveying the truth. The first study to tell lies in phone conversations as they are in emails. The fact that emails are automatically recorded-and can come back to haunt(困扰)you appears to be the key to the finding.Jeff Hancock of Cornell University in Ithaca, Mew York, asked 30 students to keep a communications diary for a week. In it they noted the number of conversations or email exchanges they had lasting more than 10 minutes, and confessed to how many lies they told. Hancock then worked out the number of lies per conversation foe each medium .He found that lies made up 14 per cent of emails, 21 per cent of instant messages,27 per cent of face-to-face interactions and an astonishing 37 per cent of phone calls.His resolves to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. Some expected e-mailers to be the biggest liars, reasoning that because deception makes people uncomfortable, the detachment(非直接接触）of emailing would make it easier to lie. Others expected people to lie more in face-to-face exchanges because we are most practiced at that form of communication.But Hancock says it is also crucial whether a conversation is being recorded and could be reread, and whether it occurs in real time. People appear to be afraid to lie when they know the communication could later be used to hold them to account, he says. This is why fewer lies appear in email than on the phone.People are also more likely to lie in real time in a instant message or phone call say-than if they have time to think of a response, says Hancock. He fond many lies are spontaneous(脱口而出的)responses to an unexpected demand, such as: “Do you like my dress?"Hancock hopes his research will help companies work our the best ways for their employees to communicate. For instance, the phone might be the best medium foe sales where employees are encouraged to stretch the truth. But, given his result, work assessment where honesty is a priority, might be best done using email.57.Hancock's study focuses on ____________.A)the consequences of lying in various communications’ media.B)the success of communications technologies in conveying ideas.C)people are less likely to lie in instant messages.D)people 's honesty levels across a range of communications media.58.Hancock's research finding surprised those who believed that________________.A)people are less likely to lie in instant messages. B)people are unlikely to lie in face-to-face interactions.C)people are most likely to lie in email communication D)People are twice as likely to lie in phone conversations.59. According to the passage, why are people more likely to tell the truth through certain media of communication?A)They are afraid of leaving behind traces of their lies. B)They believe that honesty is the best policy.C)They tend to be relaxed when using those media. D)They are most practiced at those forms of communication.60. According to Hancock the telephone is a preferable medium for promoting sales because____________.A)Salesmen can talk directly to their customers. B)Salesmen may feel less restrained to exaggerate.C)Salesmen can impress customers as being trustworthy. D)Salesmen may pass on instant messages effectively.61. It can be inferred from the passage that_____________.A)Honesty should be encouraged in interpersonal communicationsB)more employers will use emails to communicate with their employeesC)suitable media should be chosen for different communication purposesD) email is now the dominant medium of communication within a company.Passage TwoIn a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come to work and live here? In the wake of the Sept.11 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing.On December .11,2001,as part of the effort to increase homeland security ,federal and local authorities in 14 states staged "Operation Safe Travel" -raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification(身份证明).In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South American .Authorities said the undocumented worker's illegal status made them open to blank mall(讹诈)by terrorists Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods.Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent. “We’re saying we want you to work in these places, we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it's convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security, especially after Sept.11, then you’re disposable Ther e are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons,” Anderson said.If Sept.11 had never happened the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely .Ana Castro, a ,mana ger at a Ben & Jerry’s ice cream shop at the airport had been working 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid. Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation(驱逐出境)。
2013年6月英语四级真题及答案【全】
2013年6月英语四级真题及答案【全】2013年6月英语四级真题及答案【全】Part I Writing对白：儿子： Dad, I'm a bit worried about disposing of nuclear waste（处理核废料）爸爸： If you can empty the dustbin（垃圾筒） here, you can do anything！范文：The picture shows us a dialogue between a father and a son. The son told his father, “Dad, I’m a bit worried about disposing of nuclear waste”. While his father told him, “If you can empty the dustbin here you can do anything”. It reveals the importance of doing small things well before undertaking something big. There is also an old Chinese saying to go with this that a person can’t sweep the world before he can sweep his own room.Unquestionably, doing small things is the first step of success and will layroot for doing something big. By doing something small, we are enabled to accumulate experience, master skills and train ourselves to be more patient. In other word, we can be well prepared for further challenges in the course of fulfilling small things. By contrast, those who set out to do something big will be constantly haunted by disappointment, frustrations or even failures. As when opportunity “something big” appears, they can hardly seize them because of the lack of experience and confidence stems from doing small things.Taking the picture presented above as a case in point, how can the little boy succeed in disposing of nuclear weapons if he even doesn’t know how to empty1.who take an image of the page and put it on a screen.”可知，Course Smart现在的电子课本只是对纸质课本的复制，因此，正确答案为D。
2013年6月四级真题(第2套)
2013年6月四级真题(第2套) D[02:00.05]College English Test (Band 4)[02:04.68]Part ¢ò Listening Comprehension[02:09.10]Section A[02:10.65]Directions: In this section,[02:13.66]you will hear 8 short conversations[02:16.35]and 2 long conversations. [02:19.27]At the end of each conversation,[02:21.57]one or more questions will be asked[02:23.61]about what was said. [02:26.19]Both the conversation and the questions[02:29.04]will be spoken only once. [02:31.85]After each question there will be a pause.[02:35.05]During the pause,[02:36.32]you must read the four[03:32.62]the fitness training program in your club.[03:35.97]M: I¡¯ll have you speak with the director[03:38.13]in charge of new accounts. [03:40.82]Q: What is the woman interested in?[03:59.30]3. W: It¡¯s really cold in this apartment.[04:03.72]Can we turn up the heat a little bit?[04:06.76]M: Sorry. I¡¯ve run out of money[04:09.01]and can hardly pay the fuel bill.[04:11.74]Maybe you¡¯d better put on a sweater.[04:14.40]Q: What does the man mean? [04:31.44]4. M: I¡¯m sorry, Miss. [04:34.20]But you have to come with me to the security office.[04:37.74]The video cameras in our shop[04:39.79]have recorded everything you did.[04:42.40]W: No, no. I...I didn¡¯t do anything.[04:45.84]I¡¯ll call the police if you dare insult me.[04:49.80]Q: What does the man think the woman was doing?[05:08.94]5. M: I think you ought to see a doctor right away[05:13.56]about that cough.[05:15.98]W: Well, I¡¯ll wait a few more days.[05:18.74]I¡¯m sure I¡¯ll get over it soon.[05:22.29]Q: What do we learn about the woman?[05:40.99]6. M: I¡¯ve heard that Pamela made quite a few mistakes [05:46.80]in her lab report.[05:48.63]W: Well, she wouldn¡¯t have [05:50.46]if she hadn¡¯t been in such a hurry to get it done.[05:55.08]Q: What does the woman imply?[06:13.59]7. M: We¡¯d better check out before 12 o¡¯clock, Marry. [06:19.10]And now there are only 30 minutes left.[06:22.63]W: Let¡¯s hurry up.[06:23.95]You go pay the bill[06:25.53]and I¡¯ll call the reception[06:27.06]to have our luggage taken downstairs.[06:31.17]Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place?[06:50.52]8. W: Have you ever heard this speaker before?[06:55.43]M: Yeah. She¡¯s excellent. [06:57.96]She gets her point across[06:59.88]and it¡¯s entertaining at the same time.[07:03.74]Q: What does the man say about the speaker?[07:22.50]Now you will hear the two long conversations.[07:27.13]Conversation One[07:29.92]M: What should I do about Mr. Romero?[07:33.03]Remember? He said it was important and couldn¡¯t wait.[07:37.70]I think he may want you for that new movie he¡¯s directing. [07:42.11]W: That¡¯s absolutely correct.[07:44.58]Now, we have to fit him in somewhere.[07:48.32]Uh... what does Monday morning look like?[07:52.40]M: That doesn¡¯t look so good.[07:54.44]You have a make-up sessionstarting at 6:00,[07:57.35]then filming starts at 8:00,[07:59.75]and that¡¯s going to take the whole morning.[08:02.51]W: Well, what¡¯s after that?[08:05.30]M: You have lunch with your agent[08:06.95]to discuss the awards ceremony[08:09.26]and you¡¯ll have to meet him at one o¡¯clock[08:11.06]at the restaurant.[08:12.12]W: Oh, terrific![08:13.25]Listen, I cannot miss that. [08:15.82]But I still have to make time for Mr. Romero.[08:19.09]M: Well, now, don¡¯t forget [08:21.52]you got a three-o¡¯clock appointment[08:23.15]with your fashiondesigner.[08:24.92]W: That¡¯s right.[08:26.33]You know he¡¯s showing the latest fashions from Japan?[08:29.83]You know that loose-fitting look?[08:32.06]Those clothes are so in this year.[08:36.42]M: At 4:30 you have an appointment with your hairdresser. [08:40.90]Then at 7:00, you have dinner with a journalist.[08:44.67]Now remember, be nice to that guy.[08:47.32]W: Do I have to?[08:48.89]That won¡¯t be easy and it¡¯s likely to run late.[08:52.33]How does Tuesday look? [08:54.41]M: Well, you have to spend the whole morning[08:57.14]at the photographer¡¯s. [08:58.49]They are taking photos topublicize your new movie.[09:02.93]W: What about the afternoon? Am I free then?[09:06.47]M: Let me see... Yes, you are free after 3:30.[09:12.18]W: Then you can set up a meeting with Mr. Romero at 4:00. [09:16.42]M: Ok. I¡¯ll get on it right away.[09:19.33]Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation[09:23.06]you have just heard.[09:25.10]9. What are the speakers doing?[09:45.11]10. What is the woman going to discuss with her agent[09:49.31]over lunch on Monday? [10:07.99]11. What do we learn from the conversation about the man? [10:30.32]Conversation Two[10:32.90]M: I¡¯m phoning up about this job you advertised in the paper.[10:37.36]This...er...young sales manager?[10:40.00]W: Oh, yes.[10:41.58]M: I¡¯d like to apply for it.[10:43.46]Would you send me an application form?[10:45.81]W: No. You simply send in a written application, a letter. [10:50.83]M: Can you tell me a bit more about the job?[10:53.75]W: Well, we are very looking for someone[10:55.84]who isn¡¯t too concerned about working fairly long hours. [11:00.21]M: What do you mean by long hours?[11:03.12]W: This is a job which does, [11:05.32]as the advertisement says, [11:07.10]have travel possibilities, [11:08.83]and very often,[11:09.94]one would be away atweekends, for instance.[11:13.21]M: Oh, I thought you meant working in the evenings[11:16.12]and working overtime. [11:17.67]W: Well, it could also mean working in the evenings.[11:20.77]But for a managerial post, [11:22.93]I¡¯m afraid we don¡¯t pay overtime.[11:25.49]Um...that¡¯s for other grades.[11:28.36]M: Oh. What kind of money are you paying then?[11:31.89]W: Well, this is to be negotiated.[11:34.97]Uh, it depends partly on your experience and education. [11:39.75]Perhaps you can tell me briefly what that is?[11:42.58]M: I¡¯ve just left school and got A level in geography.[11:46.64]W: Oh, I see.[11:48.85]M: And it¡¯s the travel that appeals to me.[11:51.86]That¡¯s why I¡¯m inquiring about the job.[11:54.76]W: Yes, I see.[11:56.57]What sort of a salary were you thinking in terms of?[12:00.31]M: Starting off,[12:01.30]I thought it would be something like ¡ê500 a week?[12:05.61]W: Well, send in a written application[12:07.95]and then we¡¯ll consider your case[12:09.67]along with all the other applicants.[12:12.30]M: All right. Many thanks. Goodbye.[12:15.15]W: Bye.[12:16.76]Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation[12:20.24]you have just heard.[12:22.91]12. What does the woman say an applicant should do first[12:28.45]to apply for the job? [12:46.28]13. What kind of a person is the company looking for?[13:08.49]14. What does the man like most about the job?[13:29.51]15. What does the woman say about the salary[13:33.84]if the man is accepted by the company?[13:52.86]Section B[13:54.06]Directions: In this section,[13:56.93]you will hear 3 short passages.[13:59.84]At the end of each passage, [14:01.73]you will hear some questions.[14:03.90]Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. [14:08.76]After you hear a question,[14:10.71]you must choose the best answer from the four choices[14:13.75]marked A), B), C) and D). [14:18.58]Then mark the corresponding letter[14:20.68]on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. [14:26.55]Passage One[14:28.71]A typical large supermarket offers[14:30.98]around 17,000 to 20,000 items for sale[14:35.85]and it wants to make sure [14:37.28]that its customers see as many of them as possible.[14:41.78]That¡¯s why you¡¯ll normally find the essential goods [14:45.10]like bread, vegetables and meat[14:47.80]in completely different parts of the store.[14:51.37]Products with a high profitmargin[14:53.64]are always placed on shelves within easy reach of the customer,[14:58.32]while lower margin items like sugar or flower[15:02.00]are on the top or bottom shelves.[15:05.25]Many people make shopping list before they visit supermarkets. [15:10.18]But even so,[15:11.15]around 60% of all supermarket purchases[15:15.12]are the result of decisions that are taken in the store.[15:19.23]For this reason,[15:20.16]supermarkets try to attract their customers[15:23.45]by placing certain kinds of product next to each other.[15:28.32]In the UK,[15:29.80]beer will often be foundnext to items for babies[15:33.54]because research shows [15:34.78]that fathers of babies buy them[15:36.81]on their way home from work [15:39.24]and will buy beer at the same time.[15:42.58]Research has also shown that[15:44.68]this kind of impulse buy happens more frequently[15:48.66]when no sales assistants are nearby.[15:52.07]Supermarkets have made selling such a fine art[15:55.86]that their customers often lose all sense of time.[15:59.87]When interviewed, customers normally guess[16:02.68]they¡¯ve only spent half an hour in the supermarket[16:06.12]even when they have beenthere for over 45 minutes.[16:10.22]But that shouldn¡¯t be too surprising.[16:13.62]Any really profitable supermarket knows[16:16.24]that it should keep its clocks well hidden.[16:19.81]Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.[16:26.17]16. Why are essential goods [16:30.11]displayed in totally different parts of the supermarket? [16:49.82]17. Where are goods with a high profit margin usually found? [17:12.00]18. What does the speaker say about supermarket goers?[17:33.07]19. What shouldn¡¯t be too surprising according to the speaker? [17:55.17]Passage Two[17:57.37]When Matty Sallin was working on a degree[18:00.07]in art and technology at university,[18:03.59]he got an interesting assignment in electronics class: [18:07.92]Create something for the household.[18:10.59]He decided to create an alarm clock.[18:14.63]"Everybody has to use an alarm clock of some kind every day, [18:19.00]and it¡¯s extremely unpleasant!" he says.[18:22.67]He asked different people [18:24.20]what they'd like to wake up to instead of a noisy alarm.[18:28.08]A lot of them said,[18:29.79]"The smell of bacon." [18:32.35]So Sallin invented a new kind of alarm clock:[18:36.19]a wooden box with a pig face and a digital clock[18:39.75]that uses the smell ofcooking bacon[18:42.74]rather than sound to wake someone up.[18:46.01]He explains, "There's no danger of burning,[18:49.18]because I built it carefully.[18:51.41]It uses light bulbs instead of a flame for cooking[18:55.26]and turns off automatically after ten minutes." [18:59.08]Just a few easy steps are required to set the "alarm."[19:03.94]"What you do is put in a couple of frozen strips[19:06.98]the night before," says Sallin.[19:09.44]Bacon is preserved,[19:10.81]so there is no danger of its spoiling overnight. "[19:15.11]If you set the alarm for 8:00,[19:18.58]it will turn on at 7:50 [19:21.14]and slow cook for ten minutes under the bulbs," he says. [19:26.44]Then the bulbs turn off [19:28.49]and a fan blows the smell out through the nose of the pig. [19:33.59]"So instead of an alarm, you smell yourself awake," says Sallin.[19:39.09]"Then you can open the door on the side[19:41.78]and pull the bacon out and eat it."[19:45.54]Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.[19:51.96]20. What was Matty Sallin doing when he created an alarm clock? [20:14.17]21. What did Matty Sallin do[20:17.68]before making the new type of alarm clock?[20:37.29]22. What makes the newly invented alarm clock so unique? [20:59.80]Passage Three[21:02.08]Most people feel lonely sometimes,[21:04.84]but it usually only lasts [21:06.84]between a few minutes and a few hours.[21:09.72]For some people, though, loneliness can last for years. [21:13.56]Psychologists are studying this complex phenomenon[21:17.00]and have identified three different types of loneliness. [21:21.18]The first kind of loneliness is temporary.[21:23.94]It usually disappears quickly[21:26.19]and does not require any special attention.[21:28.92]The second kind, situational loneliness,[21:31.99]is a natural result of a particular situation,[21:35.51]for example, a divorce or moving to a new place.[21:40.10]Although this kind of loneliness[21:41.83]can cause physical problems[21:44.19]it usually does not last for more than a year.[21:48.24]Unlike the second type, [21:49.80]the third kind of loneliness[21:51.58]usually lasts more than two years[21:53.85]and has no specific cause. [21:56.29]People who experience habitual loneliness[21:59.08]have problems socializing [22:00.77]and becoming close to others.[22:02.99]Unfortunately,[22:04.17]many of them think[22:05.25]there is little or nothing they can do about it.[22:09.19]Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness [22:13.65]is a person's social contacts,[22:16.13]for example, friends, family members, etc.[22:20.16]We depend on various people for different reasons.[22:24.38]For instance,[22:25.34]our families give us emotional support[22:28.26]and our friends share similar interests and activities. [22:32.17]However, psychologists have found that[22:34.66]the number of social contacts we have[22:37.47]is not the only reason for loneliness.[22:40.90]It is more important [22:42.03]how many social contacts we think[22:44.35]or expect we should have. [22:46.94]In other words,[22:48.02]though lonely people may have many social contacts,[22:51.59]they sometimes feel they should have more.[22:54.67]They question their own popularity.[22:58.54]Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage[23:02.56]you have just heard. [23:04.64]23. What does the speaker say about situational loneliness? [23:26.91]24. What problem will people have[23:30.40]if they experience habitual loneliness?[23:49.72]25. Why do some people suffer loneliness[23:54.05]according to psychologists?[24:13.41]Section C[24:14.97]Directions: In this section,[24:17.79]you will hear a passage three times.[24:20.49]When the passage is read for the first time,[24:23.14]you should listen carefully for its general idea. [24:26.53]When the passage is read for the second time,[24:28.87]you are required to fill in the blanks[24:31.20]with the exact words you have just heard.[24:34.49]Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,[24:38.12]you should check what you have written.[24:41.62]Now listen to the passage.[24:45.19]There was a time when any personal information[24:47.79]that was gathered about us [24:49.62]was typed on a piece of paper[24:51.58]and locked away in a file cabinet.[24:54.25]It could remain there for years and,[24:56.58]often forgotten,[24:58.09]never reach the outside world.[25:00.90]Things have done a complete about-face since then.[25:04.23]Responsible for the change [25:05.65]has been the astonishingly swift development[25:08.44]in recent years of the computer.[25:10.88]Today, any data that is collected about us in one place or another¡ª[25:15.88]and for one reason or another¡ª[25:17.90]can be stored in a computer bank.[25:20.45]It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. [25:24.36]They are owned by individuals[25:26.21]and by private businesses and corporations,[25:29.25]leading institutions, [25:30.60]direct mailing and telemarketing firms,[25:33.66]credit bureaus, credit card companies,[25:35.90]and government agencies [25:37.59]at the local, state, and federal level.[25:40.96]A growing number of Americans[25:42.88]are seeing the accumulation[25:44.48]and distribution of computerized data[25:47.40]as a frightening invasion of their privacy.[25:51.28]Surveys show that the number of worried Americans[25:54.32]has been steadily growing over the years[25:56.95]as the computer becomes increasingly efficient,[25:59.87]easier to operate,[26:01.18]and less costly to purchase and maintain.[26:04.42]In 1970, a national survey showed[26:07.69]that 37 percent of the people questioned[26:11.22]felt their privacy was being invaded.[26:14.75]Seven years later,[26:16.11]47 percent expressed the same worry.[26:19.93]A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed[26:22.99]that the number of alarmed citizens[26:25.36]had shot up to 76 percent. [26:28.95]Now the passage will be read again.[26:32.56]There was a time when any personal information[26:36.03]that was gathered about us [26:37.53]was typed on a piece of paper[26:40.01]and locked away in a file cabinet.[26:43.10]It could remain there for years and,[26:45.88]often forgotten,[26:47.71]never reach the outside world.[26:51.10]Things have done a complete about-face since then.[26:54.50]Responsible for the change[26:56.12]has been the astonishingly swift development[26:59.21]in recent years of the computer.[27:02.32]Today, any data that is collected about us in one place or another¡ª[27:07.63]and for one reason or another¡ª[27:10.16]can be stored in a computer bank.[27:13.02]It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. [27:16.79]They are owned by individuals[27:18.72]and by private businesses and corporations,[27:22.31]leading institutions, [27:23.90]direct mailing and telemarketing firms,[27:27.23]credit bureaus, credit card companies,[27:30.28]and government agencies [27:31.92]at the local, state, and federal level.[27:35.14]A growing number of Americans[27:37.41]are seeing the accumulation[27:39.18]and distribution of computerized data[27:42.50]as a frightening invasion of their privacy.[27:45.96]Surveys show that the number of worried Americans[27:49.42]has been steadily growing over the years[27:52.68]as the computer becomes increasingly efficient,[27:56.14]easier to operate,[27:57.84]and less costly to purchase and maintain.[28:01.49]In 1970, a national survey showed[28:04.21]that 37 percent of the people questioned[28:07.55]felt their privacy was being invaded.[28:10.62]Seven years later,[28:12.21]47 percent expressed the same worry.[28:16.14]A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed[28:19.46]that the number of alarmed citizens[28:21.72]had shot up to 76 percent. [28:25.03]Now the passage will be read for the third time.[28:28.78]There was a time when any personal information[28:31.39]that was gathered about us [28:33.22]was typed on a piece of paper[28:35.26]and locked away in a file cabinet.[28:37.91]It could remain there foryears and,[28:40.03]often forgotten,[28:41.71]never reach the outside world.[28:44.59]Things have done a complete about-face since then.[28:47.93]Responsible for the change [28:49.44]has been the astonishingly swift development[28:52.16]in recent years of the computer.[28:54.64]Today, any data that is collected about us in one place or another¡ª[28:59.68]and for one reason or another¡ª[29:01.72]can be stored in a computer bank.[29:04.32]It can then be easily passed to other computer banks. [29:08.22]They are owned by individuals[29:10.16]and by private businesses and corporations,[29:13.17]leading institutions, [29:14.60]direct mailing and telemarketing firms,[29:17.60]credit bureaus, credit card companies,[29:19.89]and government agencies [29:21.60]at the local, state, and federal level.[29:24.96]A growing number of Americans[29:26.90]are seeing the accumulation[29:28.40]and distribution of computerized data[29:31.52]as a frightening invasion of their privacy.[29:35.37]Surveys show that the number of worried Americans[29:38.48]has been steadily growing over the years[29:41.06]as the computer becomes increasingly efficient,[29:43.98]easier to operate,[29:45.30]and less costly to purchase and maintain.[29:48.60]In 1970, a national survey showed[29:51.75]that 37 percent of the people questioned[29:55.53]felt their privacy was being invaded.[29:58.85]Seven years later,[30:00.21]47 percent expressed the same worry.[30:04.07]A recent survey by a credit bureau revealed[30:07.06]that the number of alarmed citizens[30:09.45]had shot up to 76 percent. [30:13.14]This is the end of listening comprehension.。
2013年6月全国大学英语四级考试历年真题含答案
2013年6月全国大学英语四级考试历年真题Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy entitled How Will Our Life Go on without Internet. You should write at least 120wordsfollowing the outline given below in Chinese:1. 很多人开始感觉离开网络寸步难行2.你对网络依赖症的看法How Will Our Life Go on without Internet_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Reading Comprehension (skimming and scanning)(15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, completethe sentences with the information given in the passage.Time Off from Work Gains in ImportanceAmerican workers are saying they need a break. As their number of hours clocked on the job has crept higher, more time off has become a bigger priority. In the past few years,human resources experts say time off has consistently placed among the top three employee concerns, along with compensation and staffing levels, whereas it used to be farther down the list. In a poll taken online in November 2004, 39% of workers said if given the choice, they would choose time off over the equivalent in additional base salary. Of course, most of the 4,600 respondents are still opting for the bigger paycheck, but the desire for time off is up almost 20% from just three years ago when conducted a similar poll.The reasons for this shift are many and varied. Some have to do with the way a new generation is thinking about work, while others are driven by how companies are responding to recent economic pressures.A New GenerationThe results may in part represent the needs of a new breed of workers. The average American is working one month (160 hours) more each year than a generation ago. According to recruiting and human capital management expert John Sumser, younger workers work for meaning first and money second. He goes on to warn employers that these are the people who are the foundation for the next workforce and they may not buy the existing paradigm (范例). A study released in late 2004 by the New York-based Families and Work Institute concludes that the new brand of young workers is rejecting thework-centric style of their parents’ generation. The study, which examines changes in the workforce over the past 25 years, found that younger workers are more likely to be “family-centric” or “dual-centric” (with equal priorities on both career and family) rather than “work-centric” when compared to members of the Boomer Generation.September 11th and the End of the Roaring NinetiesThe impact of the terrorist attacks of September 11th cut across all age groups of the workforce. We collectively entered a new era, reevaluating life’s priorities and making changes in our attitude toward time spent at work versus hobbies and family. “I started looking at things completely differently. I’ve been far less willing to put in the 14-hour days necessary to get noticed and climb the corporate ladder,” said Tony Jackson, a 43-year-old employee of a New York City-based financial services company. “Frankly, I can’t see that changing.”Even before September 11th, some experts say the slow shift in worker attitudes was already underway due to the end of the roaring 1990’s, when hours were long and significant personal wealth was created. For those who fared well financially, some opted for careers of contract work where they could call more of the shots pertaining to (与……有关的) time off, or new occupations with greater personal rewards. For others, even if their bank accountswere not spilling over from America’s economic heyday (全盛时期), their own energy had been depleted due to unrelenting (毫不松懈的) years of work hours and high stress. They were ready for something less taxing.Families and Work Institute President and co-founder Ellen Galinsky agrees. She says the poll numbers show evidence of an increase in need for time off and a shift in thinking due to the fact that workers have been pushed to their limit in recent years. “This new generation of workers is at the edge of how long they can work. It just feels like too much. They are not slackers (懒虫); they just don’t want more,” says Galinsky.Monetary Needs Less Intense Due to Dual Income Households“We’ve decided we prefer to have more time to ourselves,” says Carol Kornhaber, a New England software programmer in her late twenties. Kornhaber and her husband are both working but have sought out jobs where they are not pressed to put in long hours. Instead, they have insisted upon eight-hour days and having enough vacation time to travel, a major interest they share. Financial pressures are eased by both of them working and keeping a careful watch on their expenses. “We are lucky in a lot of ways to have found bosses who understand our needs.”BurnoutTrying to squeeze more productivity out of workers may be nothing new, but it has become particularly acute in recent years. This has been due in large measure torecession-induced layoffs and other trends such as the rising cost of healthcare benefits. After a layoff, workers who remain behind are often asked to pick up most or even all the load of the people who were let go, requiring more and more hours at the office. As new corporate initiatives are planned, the inverse is also true. As Sumser observe s, “the additional workload, which runs across the economy from the office worker to the manufacturing line, seems to be a function of the cost of benefits. The regulations make it cheaper to add workload for existing employees than to hire new players.” T he Families and Work Institute reports that nearly one third of U.S. employees often or very often feel overworked or overwhelmed by how much work they have to do. Nearly three out of four report that they frequently dream about doing something different from their current job.Show Me the MoneyOverworked or not, the majority in the poll still chose to fatten their paycheck if given the choice. For many, it was a practical matter. Says Peggy Jones, an accountant in a Boston area business services company, “I already get three weeks a year that I can’t use up because I’m so busy. I’d definitely go for the extra money to pay somebills or make a big purchase I’ve been holding off on.” For Jones, the realities of running a household and saving up for college for her children simply need to take precedence over extra free time.Companies Are Already RespondingTo many human resources experts it is inevitable that, given the growing health of the economy and the upcoming population-driven labor shortages as the Boomer Generation moves into retirement, the pendulum of control in the employee-employer relationship will swing back to the employee side. That is expected to begin in just a few years. According to human resources expert, Larry Schumer, at , “since most companies succeed based on a motivated and capable workforce, they have offered and will continue to offer more paid flexibility, whether it be through tried and tested time-off programs or the next great idea.” Where will that new balance of employer versus employee needs lie? Time, or perhaps time off, surely will tell.1. Which of the following has been rising in importance in the past few years?A) Compensation. B) Time off. C) Right to vote. D) Staffing levels.2. According to the passage, we know that the Boomer Generation is concerned ________.A) about family and work equally B) more about workC) more about family D) about neither work nor family3. What can be inferred about Tony Jackson?A) He is 43 years old.B) He works in a financial services company.C) He has changed his life and work attitude.D) He spends 14 hours a day on his work.4. When did American workers gradually begin to change their attitudes towards work?A) After September 11. B) In November 2004.C) In late 2004. D) At the end of the roaring 1990’s.5. According to Ellen Galinsky, why did workers change their mind about work?A) They have been pushed to the limit of their working hours.B) They increased their need to enjoy life.C) They have more rights than before.D) They don’t want to work for a living.6. Carol Kornhaber and her husband don’t have too much financial pressure because ___________.A) they have parents who are richB) they don’t have children to feedC) they both have a high salaryD) they both have work and they are thrifty7. After a layoff, the employees who keep their jobs usually have to ___________.A) find another job in case they are firedB) do what their bosses tell them toC) work longer hours to avoid being firedD) do the work left by the laid-off workers8. According to , compared with three years ago, the desire for time off is up almost ________________________.9. According to the poll from , the majority of employees preferred to ________________________ if they had the choice.10. Larry Schumer said that most companies succeeded based on a motivated and capable __________________________.Part ⅢListening Comprehension (35 minutes) Section A注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：/wenkxd.htm（报名网址）Part ⅢListening ComprehensionSection A11．CM." I think Tom left his umbrella on the bus.W: Why he's so careless is really beyond me.Q: What does the woman say about Tom?【听前预测】1．四项均以he开头，其中一项为一般过去时，三项为一般现在时。
2．四项均含有负面或消极色彩的词汇(wrong，angry，isn'tcareful，doesn’thave)。
结论：对话可能与发生在某位男士身上的不好的事情有关。
【解析】男士说：“我想汤姆将他的雨伞忘在公共汽车上了。
”女士回答道：“我真不能理解他怎么会这样粗心。
”isn’t careful为careless的同义转述，故选C。
12．DM: Professor Jones, when can we meet to discuss my grade?W: Would four o'clock be all right?Q: What does the professor mean?【听前预测】1．四项均以she开头。
2．三项含有与学生有关的词汇(grade，student)3．两项含有与约见有关的词汇(meeting，meet)。
结论：对话很可能与见面以及学生的分数有关。
【解析】男士问道：“琼斯教授，我们什么时候可以见面讨论一下我的分数的事?”女士回答说：“四点怎么样?”可见女士将在下午与男士见面。
故选D。
13．AM: My chemistry project is in trouble because my partner and I hadtotally different ideas about how to proceed.W: You should try to meet each other half way.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?【听前预测】1．四项均以动词原形开头，可能指某人将要做某事。
2．两项提及project。
结论：对话可能与进行某一项目有关，应将听音重点放在动作上。
【解析】男士说：“我的化学研究项目碰到了麻烦，因为我和同伴对于研究应该如何继续有完全不同的想法。
”女士回答道：“你们应该互相妥协一下。
”meet each other half way是习语，意为“取折中意见，互相妥协”，应注意掌握。
故选A。
14．AM: I have to look for a room to rent.W: How about trying Carters? They usually have a long list ofplaces.Q: Where will the man probably go?【听前预测】1．四项均以to开头，后接目的地。
2．两项含有agency，两项含有store。
结论：本题可能考查某人将要去某个地方。
应留意对话中的地点名词。
【解析】男士说：“我得租一间房子。
”女士说：“去卡特斯试试看吧。
他们通常有很多房源。
”不难推断出卡特斯应该就是房产代理公司，故选A。
real estate意为“房产，不动产”。
15．BW: The art museum shop has all sorts of paints that areinexpensive and colorful.M: Especially if you like modern art.Q: What does the man say about the shoo?【听前预测】1．两项以it开头，两项以its开头。
2．三项含有与艺术有关的词汇(artists，art paints，colon)。
结论：对话可能与艺术、颜色等有关。
应先辨别it所指代的对象。
【解析】女士对男士说道：“艺术馆的商店卖各种各样的颜料，色彩鲜艳而且价格不贵。
”男士回答道：“尤其是如果你喜欢现代艺术的话(那就更好了)。
”it指代艺术馆的商店。
故选B，即“该商店的主打商品是现代艺术颜料”。
16．AW: Can you listen for my telephone?M: Sure, I'm planning to be here all day.Q: What does the woman want the man to do?【听前预测】1．四项均以动词原形开头，可能指某人要做的事情。
，2．四项均含有her。
3．三项含有与电话有关的词汇(calls，telephone)。
结论：对话应该和接打电话有关。
【解析】女士问男士：“你能帮我听着点电话吗?”男士答道：“没问题，我一天都会在这儿。
”可见女士想让男士在她不在的时候接听一下打给她的电话。
故选A。
17．DM: I don't know whether I should time my speech now or keep onrevising my notes. What do you think?W: I'd carry on with what you are doing.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?【听前预测】1．四项均以动词原形开头，可能指某人要做某事。
2．两项提及her．两项提及time。
3．两项含有与演讲有关的词汇(notes，speech)。
结论：本题可能与演讲、时间等有关。
【解析】男士说：“我不知道是该测一下我演讲的时间还是断续修改我的笔记。
你觉得呢?”女士回答道：“(如果我是你的话)我会继续做你正在做的事情。
”可见女士建议男士继续修改他的笔记。
carry on with sth．意为“继续做某事”。
故选D。
18．CW：Would you like to go mountain—climbing withus?M：That’s the last thing in the world I'd everwant to do．Q：What does the man mean?【听前预测】1．四项均以he开头。
2．两项合有与爬山有关的词汇(climbed，climbin9，mountain)，一项提及traveled。
结论：对话可能与男士和爬山有关。
【解析】女士问男士要不要和她们一起去爬山，男士回答道：“这是整个世界上我最不愿意做的一件事了。
”本题考查的是句型That's the last thing in the world I'd ever want to do。
类似的句型还有：He is thelast person in the world I want to see．(他是我在世界上最不愿意见的人)故选C。
Conversation OneM: Hello.W: Oh, hello. You must be a new student. Did you find it OK?M: Well, I got a bit lost because I asked a stranger. But I got iteventually,W: Oh, dear. Have you come far today?M: Only from Brighton. I was staying with my brother.W: Oh. Good. [19] How did you get here?M: My brother took me to the railway station. And I got on a busat this end.W: Aha. Well, you'd better tell me your name so I can find yourform.M: It's Mark Bum,W: Bum, Bum. Ah, yes. [20] Oh, you've changed since this photo. Whathappened to your beard and moustache? And not wearing glasses, either.M: No, I thought I'd better look smarter.W: Here is the key to your room. It's 501.M: Thanks. How do ! get there?W: Go to the end of this corridor, turn left and it's the thirddoor on the right,M: "Thank you. [21] Oh, here's a meeting for new students.What time is that?W: Half past five in the Common Room on the ground floor at theother end of the corridor.M: Thanks a lot. Goodbye.19. How did Mark get to his new school?20. Which of the following about Mark has NOT changed since hispicture?21. Where is the meeting for new students to be held?19．C【听前预测】1．四项均为by…and by…结构的短语。
2．四项均包含两种交通方式，具体有train、car、plane、coach和bus。
结论：本题可能考查从某地到某地的交通方式。
【解析】当女士问男士他是如何到达学校时，男士回答道：“我哥哥送我到火车站，之后我又坐上了来这里的汽车。
”可见男士是先坐火车再坐汽车。
故选C。
20．B【听前预测】四项分别为眼镜、短发、髭(鼻子与嘴之间的胡子)、须(下巴上的胡子)，都与人的外貌有关。
因此需留意听男士的外貌特征。
【解析】题干问男士本人与照片相比，什么地方没有变。
女士在看到男士的照片时说道：“哦，与这张照片比起来你变样子了，你的胡须呢?而且你现在也不戴眼镜了。