黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市实验中学2021届高三上学期期末考试英语试题试题含解析
齐齐哈尔市实验中学2018级高三学年上学期期末试题
英语试卷
(满分120分时间90分钟)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Since you can't get to theaters, museums, galleries, music venues or opera houses during these difficult days due to coronavirus, instead they'll come to you. Here's a list of some of Europe's best-known museums.
Louvre Museum in Paris
As the most visited museum in the world, it offers virtual tours online. It also has a number of "Visitors Trails" in different themes, designed to give an overview of the scope and wealth of the museum's collections. Each trail is based on a selection of works that characterize a period, an artistic movement or a theme, including the artworks from JAY-Z and Beyoncé's music video.
Schirn Museum in Frankfurt
It has digitally opened its current exhibition, now closed due to the virus, called "Fantastic Women" (scheduled from February 13 to May 24), highlighting the works of 34 women artists and their contributions to Surrealism (超现实主义), including Frida Kahlo, Leonora Carrington, Leonor Fini, Dorothea Tanning and Dora Maar.
Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam
Are you looking for ways to entertain your children with an educational twist? Then the Van Gogh will bring the great artist to you and also invite you to a virtual visit inside the Museum. The museum explores the painter's life, his relationship with his brother Théo, his passion for Japan and also his mental illness. Everything is in high definition.
Of course, a range of recent opera and ballet productions are also available, with the hope to give pleasure to as many people as possible. Please get more information at w+w=w. forbes. com.
1. The works in "Visitors Trails" are chosen according to ________.
A. Periods
B. Collections
C. Sites
D. Artists
2. Whose works are included in "Fantastic Women"?
A. JAY-Z's.
B. Leonardo Da Vinci's.
C. Van Gogh's.
D. Leonora Carrington's.
3. Where is the passage most likely to be taken from?
A. A report.
B. A website.
C. A magazine.
D. A textbook
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【分析】这是一篇应用文。由于新冠病毒的影响，人们无法去剧院，博物馆，画廊，音乐场所或歌剧院，文章介绍了欧洲的一些著名博物馆给人们提供了虚拟的线上旅游。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据“Louvre Museum in Paris”中“Each trail is based on a selection of works that characterize a period, an artistic movement or a theme, including the artworks from JAY-Z and Beyoncé's music video.”可知，每条路径都基于一个时期，一个艺术运动或一个主题的作品选集，包括Jay-z 和Beyoncé's的音乐录影带。所以，路径的选择是基于时期来挑选的。选项A符合题意。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据题干关键词“Fantastic Women”定位到文章“Schirn Museum in Frankfurt”中“It has digitally opened its current e xhibition, now closed due to the virus, called "Fantastic Women" (scheduled from February 13 to May 24), highlighting the works of 34 women
artists and their contributions to Surrealism (超现实主义), including Frida Kahlo, Leonora Carrington, Leonor Fini, Dorothea Tanning and Dora Maar.”可知，它以数码方式开放了目前因病毒而关闭的名为“神奇女人”展览（定于2月13日至5月24日举行），展出了34位女性艺术家的作品，以及她们对超现实主义的贡献，包括弗里达·卡罗、利奥诺拉·卡林顿、莱昂诺·菲尼、多萝西娅·坦宁和多拉·马尔，由此可知，利奥诺拉·卡林顿的作品包含在“神奇女人”展览之中，故选D。
3.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ Please get more information at w+w=w. forbes. com.”可知，请登录w+w=w.forbes. com 获取更多信息。由此推知，文章来自网站。故选B。
B
I always wanted to have extraordinarily good command of something. I wanted to remain the best in class, awe-inspiring and tip-top; a world-famous genius, like Michael Phelps, or Mark Zuckerberg.
Unfortunately, my version of reality did not quite line up with this delusional vision. I was a good swimmer, but I peaked at the collegiate State Championship level. My academic record was
pretty solid, but I never would have made it into one of those exceptional Ivy League Schools.
Though I rose to above-average status in a couple of areas, the disappointing truth was that I would never amount to anything more than a mid-sized fish in a small pond. The destiny apparently had drawn up other plans.
What drove me crazy, though, was the superstar talent thrown in my face at every turn. Some folks just seemed to get an unfair share of it.Why couldn't I be like Bernie Williams, the famed New York Yankees player who also happened to be a world-class jazz guitar virtuoso (艺术大师)?
Some say greatness is simply a function of putting in the practice time. It is around ten thousand hours, to be precise, according to author Malcolm Gladwell. I don't question the theory of devoting considerable efforts to developing one's professional knowledge, but it seems that talent carries much weight alike.
I've heard that as people approach middle age, their life satisfaction increases because they begin to accept the gap between the expectations for themselves and the reality. After a few decades of frustration without the desired results, we eventually come to terms with how our lives turned out, even if it falls far short of our idealized youthful expectations.
Hope bends, it seems.
4. What does the underlined word "delusional" in paragraph 2 most probably mean?
A. Realistic.
B. Imaginary.
C. Disappointing.
D. Material.
5. In the passage, the writer thinks of himself as ________.
A. a world-famous genius
B. a world-class virtuoso
C. a mid-sized fish in a small pond
D. a student in an Ivy-League school
6. According to the writer, what makes "greatness"?
A. Talent and practice.
B. Ten thousand hours of practice.
C. Talent and professional knowledge.
D. Extraordinary efforts.
7. Which of the following might be the best title?
A. Youthful Expectations.
B. Frustrating Decades.
C. Practice Counts.
D. Hope Bends.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身经验出发，自己年少时想成为最优秀的人，但是实际与期望有偏差，成功需要有天赋以及付出时间。到最后在经历了几十年的挫折却没有得到想要的结果之后，我们最终会接受我们的生活是怎样的，即使它远远达不到我们理想的年轻的期望。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“I always wanted to be extraordinary at something.(我一直想在某方面出类拔萃)”及划线词所在句“Unfortunately, my version of reality did not quite line up with this delusional vision.”可知，不幸的是，作者对现实的看法与这种delusional vision不太一致。此处的delusional vision是指第一段中作者希望自己是个十分优秀的人，故此处delusional与reality意思相反，可知划线单词意思为“想象的”。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Though I rose to above-average status in a couple of areas, the disappointing truth was that I would never amount to anything more than a mid-sized fish in a small pond. (虽然我在几个领域达到了中等以上的水平，但是令人失望的是，我只不过是小池塘里一条中等大小的鱼)”可知，作者把自己比喻成小池塘里的一条中等大的鱼，表示比上不足比下有余。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Some say greatness is simply a function of putting in the practice time.(一些人说，伟大仅仅是投入练习时间的结果)”和“I don’t question the theory of devoting extraordinary efforts to developing one’s expertise, bu t it seems that raw talent is equally important.(我不怀疑付出努力来培养专业的理论，但是似乎原始的天赋也同等重要)”可知，作者认为关于造就伟大，时间和天赋同等重要。故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。结合本文作者通过自身经历得出的结论，成功需要有时间，更需要有天赋，再根据文章最后一段“Hope bends, it seems.(似乎希望屈服了)”可知，作者想要表达希望在现实的限制下，未必都会实现。故选D。
C
While we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.
Why isn't complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity.
The brain is designed to work efficiently. This means that when we repeat a thought, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed. Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed. This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.
Yet the harmful effects don't stop there. A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus (海马区), which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller. In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol, a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger. Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity.
The ill effects of our complaining aren't just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us. We tend to mirror the moods of our friends. For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of acquaintances and companions.
The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude. Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine. Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood sugar. It also decreases tiredness and depression. Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical well-being.
What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you are grateful, you feel better all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.
8. What do paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about?
A The bad effects of complaining on brain power.
B. The decrease of a vital part of our brain.
C. The diseases caused by complaining.
D. The reason why certain thought patterns become habits.
9 What can we know about cortisol from the passage?
A. Gratitude functions as an effective cure for cortisol.
B. Having a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.
C. Our body produces cortisol when we feel excited.
D. Cortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.
10. What attitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers?
A. Indifferent.
B. Neutral.
C. Skeptical.
D. Disapproving.
11. What is the purpose of the writer?
A. To encourage readers to share ideas.
B. To introduce different emotions.
C. To analyze the reasons for complaining.
D. To inform readers the effects of complaining.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的大脑海马区变小。除了造成大脑损伤，抱怨还会释放一种压力荷尔蒙：皮质醇，持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。处理持续负面情绪的最好方法是培养一种感恩的意识。【详解】1.主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Why isn't complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain wit h negativity. ”（为什么抱怨没有好处？研究表明，抱怨会让我们的大脑产生消极情绪。）及第三段“Yet the harmful effects don't stop there. A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus (海马区), which plays a vital role in problem-solving, to become smaller. ”（然而，有害影响还不止于此。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的大脑海马区变小。）可知，第二段和第三段主要谈论抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity.”（持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。）可知，皮质醇水平过高会导致许多健康问题。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句“ For this reason, we should be cautious about having stubborn complainers in our circle of acquaintances and companions.”（基于这个原因，我们应该小心在我们的朋友圈里有固执的抱怨者。）可知，作者对于固执抱怨者的态度是不赞成、反对的。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when you are grateful, you feel better all over? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.”（关于抱怨对你自己或他人生
活的影响，你注意到了什么？你有没有注意到，当你感激的时候，你会感觉好多了？请在下面的评论区分享你的想法。）可以推知，作者的目的是鼓励读者能够分享他们的想法。故选A。
D
We are fortunate to live in a city that encourages bicycling as a means of transportation.Our local government has promoted bicycling by improving bike lanes and increasing the number of them. The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? Automobile drivers have to take competency tests, follow established regulations, and accept punishment for breaking rules. The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability (责任）. Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.
Let's look at what sharing the road means. For one thing, it should involve cost sharing.Auto registration and license fees are used, in part, for building and maintaining roadways. It seems only reasonable to ask bicyclists to contribute to transportation funding as well.
More importantly,sharing the road includes accountability. When drivers ignore the rules of the road, the police and other motorists have the opportunity to identify them by their license plate number and report their offenses (违法行为）。This isn't true for bicyclists. I've seen bicyclists moving quickly between lanes.Because they show no identification, they feel protected by anonymity(匿名）。What good would it do to report to the police “I saw a guy on a red bike blow through the stoplight"? The simple act of making bicyclists identifiable would encourage safer, more responsible riding.
Of course,I've heard arguments against asking cyclists to register and license their bikes. Some people might say, “Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six-year-old rider to take a test and pay a fee?" Obviously, the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a "means of transportation on public roads." Other people argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes don't damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest, and the method for displaying a license number could be simple.
Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing. A statute(法规）from one. California town states that the laws regulating bicycles have a dual purpose, antitheft and safety. I'm eager to see more bicyclists on the road, and I'm hoping for riders who take their
responsibilities seriously.
12. To advocate responsible cycling, the author suggests
A. increasing the number of bike lanes
B. giving competency tests to all cyclists
C. identifying cyclists through registration
D. reporting cycling offenses more frequently
13. What is the author's purpose in writing Paragraph 4?
A. To explain how bicycle registration and licensing work.
B. To provide solutions to reduce irresponsible cycling of kids.
C. To respond to people's doubts about holding cyclists accountable.
D. To argue against requiring cyclists to register and license their bicycles.
14. What argumentative methods are used in this article?
① Using examples
② Quoting professionals
③ Comparing and contrasting
④ Appealing to readers' emotions
A. ①②
B. ②④
C. ③④
D. ①③
15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Should we encourage more cycling in the city?
B. Should cyclists register and license their bikes?
C. What does "sharing the road" mean to cyclists?
D. How can road safety be guaranteed for cyclists?
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B
这是一篇议论文。本文主要讲述骑自行车的人是否应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照。【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句话“The city requests drivers to register and license their
vehicles to ensure accountability (责任）. Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.”可知，市政府要求司机登记并给他们的车辆上牌，以确保责任追究。骑自行车的人使用公共道路也应承担责任。由此可知，作者建议通过登记识别骑车人。故选C。【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“ Some peopl e might say, “Little kids ride bikes. Would you require a six-year-old rider to take a test and pay a fee?" Obviously, the city could determine an age when cycling would be considered a "means of transportation on public roads." Other people argue that bicycle fees are unfair because bikes don't damage the roadways as cars do. Bicycle registration fees could be comparatively modest, and the method for displaying a license number could be simple.”（。有些人可能会说，“小孩子骑自行车。你会要求一个6岁的骑手参加考试并支付费用吗？”很明显，这个城市可以确定一个年龄，自行车将被视为“公共道路上的交通工具”。其他人认为自行车收费不公平，因为自行车不会像汽车那样损坏道路。自行车登记费可以相对较低，显示牌照号码的方法也可以很简单。）可知，作者描述第四段的目的是回应人们对骑自行车者问责的质疑。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。阅读第一段““The city requests drivers to register and license their vehicles to ensure accountability (责任）. Bicyclists who use public roadways should be held accountable, too.（市政府要求司机登记并给他们的车辆上牌，以确保责任追究。骑自行车的人使用公共道路也应承担责任。）”可知，此处作者通过将汽车和自行车进行对比来支持自己的观点；根据最后一段“Many U.S. cities and towns now implement bike registration and licensing.（许多美国城市和乡镇现在实施自行车登记和发放牌照。）可知，作者也通过具体的例子来支持自己的观点。由此可知，作者在本文通过举例子和作比较的方式来支持自己的论点。故选D。【15题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“The growing number of cyclists, however, brings this question to mind: should bicyclists be required to share the responsibilities of the road? ”可知，越来越多的骑自行车的人提出了这样一个问题:骑自行车的人应该分担道路责任吗?由此可知，本文主要讲述骑自行车的人是否应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照。所以短文的最佳标题为“骑自行车的人应该注册并给他们的自行车颁发牌照吗”。故选B。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
The Psychology of Spending
Have you ever stayed up “chopping your hands” during the Double Eleventh Shopping Festival? Does possessing the latest iPhone 12, designer purse or limited sneakers really brighten your day? ___16___
Dr. Thomas Gilovich, psychology professor at Cornell University, has studied the topic for over 20 years. According to Dr. Gilovich, “We bu y things to make us happy, and we succeed, but only for a while. New things are exciting to us initially, but then we adapt to them.” ___17___ Dr. Gilovich has found that our satisfaction with possessions fades over time. Yet our happiness over things we’v e experienced increases.
Why experiences are the better investment?
1. ___18___
A trip, an adventure or a hobby etc. tend to bring the participants together and unite them over a shared interest. According to Gilovich, “We consume experiences directly with other people.” As a result, these experiences typically create a positive link and good feelings toward the other person or people.
2. Your experiences become a part of your identity.
You might be someone who loves taking cooking classes. ___19___ They wo n’t know you as someone who owns the latest kitchen equipment.
3. Experiences provide lasting memories.
Planned experiences are frequently something we expect. Then when the moment arrives, if we enjoy the time involved in the activity, we’re left with fon d memories. These memories will often last a lifetime. Even our worst trips, on many occasions, are later committed to memory with laughter.
Materialism VS Meaningful Experiences
___20___ Why not spend them on things that will make the greatest difference to our lives —meaningful experiences?
A. More than likely, you’ll strike your friends and family as a great cook.
B. Most of us possess limited resources.
C. The research showed that people who spent money on experiences instead of possessions were happier.
D. Activities can bond individuals.
E. He has concluded that we are spending our money on the wrong things.
F. Old questions as they seem, one psychologist thinks that he might have the answer.
G. In other words, once the novelty (新鲜感) of our newest purchase wears off, we begin looking for something else to buy to make us happy.
【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. A 20. B
【分析】
这是一篇议论文。作者认为：经历是比购物更好的投资，它可以成为你身份的一部分并且有更持久的记忆。
【16题详解】
上文“Does possessing the latest iPhone 12, designer purse or limited sneakers really brighten your day?”提出问题：拥有最新款的iPhone12、名牌包包或限量版运动鞋真的能让你的一天充满光彩吗？F选项“尽管这些问题看起来很老，但一位心理学家认为他可能找到了答案”承接上文。该选项中的they对应上文中的问题，而选项中说一位心理学家认为他可能找到了答案，又与文章中的下文完美衔接。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“New things are exciting to us initially, but then we adapt to them.”说明新事物一开始让我们感到兴奋，但之后我们就会适应它们。G项“换句话说，一旦我们对最新购买的东西的新鲜感消失了，我们就会开始寻找其他东西来让自己开心”与上文意思一致。其中the novelty (新鲜感) of our newest purchase与上文中的New things are exciting to us initially相对应。故选G项。
【18题详解】
下文“A trip, an adventure or a hobby etc. tend to bring the participants together and unite them.”说明一次旅行、一次冒险或一项爱好等都能让参与者聚在一起。选项D“活动能把人联系起来”能够引领下文。其中bond individuals对应下文中的bring the participants together and unite them。故选D项。
【19题详解】
上文“You might be someone who loves taking cooking classes.”说明你可能是一个喜欢上烹饪课的人，选项A“更有可能的是，你将作为一个伟大的厨师而给你的朋友和家人留下深刻印象”与前文意思一致。其中a great cook对应上文中的loves taking cooking classes。故选A
项。
【20题详解】
最后一段的标题是“Materialism VS Meaningful Experiences”说明本段主要讲述物质主义和有意义的经历。选项B“我们大多数人拥有的资源是有限的”属于物质主义范畴，而后文建议我们把有限的资源应用在那些给我们生活带来巨大影响的事情上，比如有意义的经历。由此可知，选项B中的内容与上下文相符。故选B项。
【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文来寻找线索。在本文中，第2小题，上文“New things are exciting to us initially, but then we adapt to them.”说明新事物一开始让我们感到兴奋，但之后我们就会适应它们。G项“换句话说，一旦我们对最新购买的东西的新鲜感消失了，我们就会开始寻找其他东西来让自己开心”与上文意思一致。其中the novelty (新鲜感) of our newest purchase与上文中的New things are exciting to us initially相对应。故选G项。
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
One of the easiest things in the world is to become a fault-finder. However, life can be
___21___ when you are not busy finding fault with it.
Several years ago I ___22___ a letter from seventeen-year-old Kerry, who described herself as a world-class fault-finder, almost always ___23___ by things. People were always doing things that annoyed her, and ___24___ was ever good enough. She was highly self-critical and also found fault with her friends. She became a really ___25___ person.
Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her ___26___. Her best friend was seriously hurt in a car crash. What made it almost ___27___ to deal with was that the day before the ___28___, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her ___29___ of boyfriends, the way she was living, the way she related to her mother, and various other things she felt she needed to ____30____. It wasn’t until her f riend was badly hurt that Kerry became
____31____ her habit of finding fault. Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to
____32____ everything so harshly(刻薄). She was able to transfer her new wisdom to other parts of her ____33____ as well.
Perhaps most of us aren’t as extreme at fault-finding, ____34____when we’re honest, we can be sharply ____35____of the world. I’m not suggesting you ____36____ problems, or that you pretend things are ____37____ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they
are —____38____most of the time, and especially when it’s not a really big ____39____.
Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, and with a little ____40____, you’ll get really good at letting things go. And when you do, you’ll get back your enthusiasm and love for life.
21. A. lonely B. great C. quiet D. uneasy
22. A. received B. answered C. expected D. rejected
23. A. threatened B. interrupted C. bothered D. spoiled
24. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing
25. A. caring B. boring C. interesting D.
surprising
26. A. attitude B. plan C. measure D. explanation
27. A. urgent B. unnecessary C. certain D. impossible
28. A. occasion B. event C. accident D. adventure
29. A. memory B. notice C. evidence D. choice
30. A. hear B. contribute C. express D. admit
31. A. aware of B. afraid of C. curious about D. confused about
32. A. discuss B. realize C. judge D. settle
33. A. family B. life C. career D. education
34. A. so B. or C. but D. for
35. A. proud B. sure C. hopeful D. critical
36. A. face B. create C. solve D. ignore
37. A. rarer B. better C. stranger D. worse
38. A. at least B. at last C. by far D. so far
39. A. task B. deal C. result D. duty
40. A. practice B. speech C. rest D. pity
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. D
30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. D 37. B 38. A 39.
B 40. A
本文是一篇记叙文，文章简述了总是喜欢挑错的Kerry在经历了朋友的严重受伤之后，深深后悔自己之前的行为，开始变得宽容。
【21题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：世界上最简单的事情就是成为一个挑错者，然而，当你不忙于找错误，人生可以变得很伟大。A.lonely孤独的；B.great伟大的；C.quiet安静的；D.uneasy不舒服的。结合选项和下文语境可知，此处指人生变的伟大。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：几年以前，我收到一个来自17岁女孩kerry的信。A.received接受；
B.answered回答；
C.expected期望；
D.rejected排斥。收到来信用receive。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这个叫做Kerry的女孩说自己是一个世界级的找错者，她总是被各种事情困扰着。A.threatened威胁；B.interrupted打扰；C.bothered麻烦；D.spoiled娇惯。根据下文People were always doing things that annoyed her, and ___4___ was ever good enough. 可知，她被各种事困扰着。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查不定代词辨析。句意：人们总是做着那些惹她恼怒的事情，没有一件事是好的。A.anything 任何事；B.everything每一件事；C.something某事；D.nothing没有事。根据People were always doing things that annoyed her可知，没有一件事是好的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：她具有高度的自我批评精神，她也会对自己的朋友挑毛病。她成为了一个非常令人厌烦的人。A.caring关心的；B.boring令人厌烦的，无聊的；C.interesting有趣；D.surprising令人惊奇的。根据语境常识可知，一个爱挑毛病的人自然是令人厌烦的。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：不幸的，一场恐怖的事故发生改变了她的态度。A.attitude态度；B.plan 计划；C.measure措施；D.explanation解释。根据下文讲述的朋友发生的事情及下文的Very
quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to ___12___ everything so harshly(刻薄). 可知，这件事改变了她的态度。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天Kerry拜访了她的朋友……A.urgent 经济的；B.unnecessary 不必要的；C.certain确定的；D.impossible不可能的。根据下文the day before the ___8___, Kerry had visited her friend and had spent the whole time criticizing her ___9___ of可知，在朋友受伤之前，她批评过朋友，现在朋友受伤严重，因此，此处是指事情不可能处理。故选D。【28题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：她最好的朋友在一场车祸中受伤很严重，让事情处理起来变得不可能的事情是，发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光……A.occasion场合；B.event事项；C.accident事故；D.adventure冒险。根据上文Unfortunately, it took a horrible accident to change her ___6___.可知，是在事故之前。故选C。【29题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：发生事故的前一天，Kerry拜访了她的朋友，在这期间全程批评了她选择男朋友的眼光、她生活的方式、她与母亲联络时候的方式，还有各种其他她认为她需要表达的……A.memory记忆；B.notice注意；C.evidence证据；D.choice选择。根据句意并结合选项可知，是选择男朋友。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意同上。A.hear听；B.contribute贡献；C.express表达；D.admit承认、许可。根据上文她对朋友的一通指责可知，此处是指各种想要表达的。故选C。
31题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：直到他的朋友受了重伤，Kerry才注意到她挑毛病的习惯。A.aware of 意识到，知道；B.afraid of担心；C.curious about对…好奇；D.confused about对…迷惑。根据下文Very quickly, she learned to appreciate life rather than to ___12___ everything so harshly(刻薄). 可知，她认识到了自己的毛病。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：非常快的，她学会了珍惜生命而不是对每件事都很刻薄。A.discuss 讨论；B.realize意识到；C.judge评价；D.settle解决。根据句意可知，此处是指评判事情。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：她能够将她的新智慧用在她生活的其他方面。A.family家庭；B.life 生命；C.career事业；https://www.360docs.net/doc/9117218657.html,cation教育。根据句意和语境可知，此处指用于生活中。故选B。【34题详解】
考查介词辨析。句意：可能我们中的大多数人都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判世界。A.so于是；B.or或者；C.but但是；D.for对于。根据句意可知，前后之间是转折关系，用but连接。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词辨析。句意：可能我们中的大多数都不会极端的的寻找错误，但是当我们诚实的面对的时候，我们可以尖锐的批判这个世界。A.proud骄傲的；B.sure确定的；C.hopeful有希望的；D.critical批判的。根据上文Perhaps most of u s aren’t as extreme at fault-finding,
___14___ when we’re honest,可知，我们可以批判这个世界。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：我并不是在建议你无视问题。A.face面对；B.create创造；C.solve解决；D.ignore忽略。根据下文or that you pretend things are ___17___ than they are, but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are可知，不是建议忽视问题。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查形容词比较级辨析。句意：我也不是在建议你假装事物比它们自身更好。A.rarer更稀罕的；B.better更好的；C.stranger更奇怪的；D.worse更坏的。根据下文but simply that you learn to allow things to be as they are可知，是正视问题，顺其自然。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：至少在大多数时间里，你学着容忍事物的原态。A.at least至少；B.at last最后；C.by far到现在为止；D.so far迄今为止。根据句意和语境可知，此处是指在大多数时候。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：尤其是当这不是一个特别大的事情。A.task任务；B.deal处理、交易；
C.result计划；
D.duty责任。根据句意和语境可知，此处指的是大的事情，big deal大的事情，重要的事情。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：训练你自己忍着不说那些刻薄的话，小小的实践一下，你会变得很擅
长放手。A.practice实践；B.speech演讲；C.rest休息；D.pity遗憾。根据上文的Train yourself to ＂bite your tongue＂, 可知，是去实践。故选A。
第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。
There are no precise ___41___ (criterion) that can be used to judge what is beautiful. As the anthropologist (人类学家) Margaret Mead once put ___42___, standards and ideas of beauty change across time. Nowadays, some costumes and actions once ___43___ (regard) as beauty in the 19th century are not considered healthy or attractive, while something ___44___ (fashion) now had different functions in the past.
There is no consistent view on beauty, as beauty is influenced by culture and it is even
___45___ (whole) different in the eyes of beholders. In some countries, young women follow slimming diets to lose extra kilos ___46___ preparation for their wedding day. In other cultures, looking thin for a husband-to-be is not ___47___ a woman desires at all.
___48___ different, one thing is certain-it is inner beauty that requires us to truly see. Beauty, that is to say, ___49___ (accompany) by an attraction to something deeper within a person,
___50___ can be found in a wide range of personal qualities.
【答案】41. criteria
42. it 43. regarded
44. fashionable
45. wholly 46. in
47. what 48. However
49. is accompanied
50. which
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了因为受各种因素影响人们对美的评判标准不一样，但是内在美还是一样的。
【详解】1.考查名词单复数。句意：没有精准的标准可以用来评判什么是美丽的。根据设空前形容词precise及are可知，设空处要填名词复数，作主语。故填criteria。
2.考查代词。句意：正如人类学家Margaret Mead曾经说过的一样，美的标准和观念会随着时间推移而变化。固定句式：as sb. put it 意为“正如某人所说”。故填it。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，一些服饰和动作在19世纪曾被认为是美丽的，但现在却不被认为是健康的或有吸引力的，而一些现在流行的东西在过去有不同的功能。分析句子，本句的谓语动词为consider，once 3(regard) as beauty in the 19th century为后置定语，修饰句子主语some costumes and actions，且与空前名词是被动关系，用过去分词，故填regarded。
4.考查形容词。句意同上。结合设空前something可知，此处要用形容词作后置定语。故填fashionable。
5.考查副词。句意：这里没有关于美的统一的观点，因为美是受文化影响，并且在旁人眼里它甚至是完全不同的。根据设空后的形容词different，可知设空处需要副词修饰形容词，故填wholly。
6.考查介词。句意：在一些国家，在准备婚礼过程中年轻女士要遵循减肥饮食来减掉额外的体重。根据句意可知，设空处及其后文构成介词短语在句中作时间状语，所以设空处需填表示时间的介词，即“在……期间”，故填in。
7.考查表语从句。句意：在其他文化中，对于未婚夫来说，看起来苗条根本不是一个女士所想要的。分析句子，空处引导的从句在句中作表语，又从句中缺少宾语，根据句意可知，宾语指物，故填what。
8.考查副词。句意：无论多么不同，一件事是肯定的—内在美要求我们真正地看到。分析句子结构，可知，8different在句中作让步状语，结合其后形容词different，根据句式however+ adj.，意为“无论......;不管......”因为其位于句首，所以首字母大写。故填However。
9.考查时态和语态。句意：美，也就是说，伴随着对一个人内心深处某种东西的吸引力，这种吸引力可以在广泛的个人品质中找到。描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时；“Beauty”和“accompany”之间是被动关系，用被动语态；结合句子主语beauty，为抽象名词，不可数，谓语动词用单数。故填is accompanied。
10.考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，设空处及之后的内容为非限制性定语从句，先行词为an attraction，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词which引导该从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10 题小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10 处，多者(从第11 处起) 不计分。
Joy a friend of me, was fed up with his increasing weight. All the times he kept thinking of ways to reduce his weight. One day, he went to the shopkeeper and said, "I've come to find a book that tells how reduce weight. Please give me a copy of that book." The shopkeeper said, “Sir, the last copy of that book got been sold just a few minutes ago. So I have other good book that tells how to gain weight.” Joy said, “You’re kidding! I want to reduce weight, not increasing it.” The shopkeeper replied, “It’s so easily to solve the problem! Just don’t do that is written in the book.”
【答案】1. me→mine
2. times→time
3. shopkeeper前the→a
4. reduce前面加to
5. got been sold 中的been去掉
6. So→But
7. other→another
8. increasing→increase
9. easily→easy
10. that →what
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的朋友Joy去书店买减肥书，老板说书刚买完，但是自己有可以增加体重的书，那就是不要照着减肥书上写的去做。
【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我的一个朋友Joy受够了他不断增加的体重。作介词of的宾语，表示“我的”应用名词性物主代词mine。故me 改为mine。
2.考查固定短语。句意：他一直在想减肥的方法。结合句意表示“一直”可知短语为all the
time 。故times 改为 time 。
3.考查冠词。句意：一天，他去找店主，说：“我想找一本关于如何减肥的书。请给我一本那种书。” shopkeeper 为可数名词，此处为泛指应用不定冠词，且shopkeeper 是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a 。故shopkeeper 前the 改为a 。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：一天，他去找店主，说：“我想找一本关于如何减肥的书。请给我一本那种书。”此处为“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构，表示“如何减肥”短语为how to reduce 。故reduce 前面加to 。
5.考查固定短语。句意：先生，那种书的最后一本几分钟前才卖出去。结合句意表示“卖出，售出”短语为get sold 。故 got been sold 中的been 去掉。
6.考查连词。句意：但是我有另外一本告诉如何增加体重的好书。上文提到减肥的书几分钟前才卖出去，后文则提到有另外一本告诉如何增加体重的好书，前后文为转折关系，应用连词but 。故So 改为But 。
7.考查代词。句意：但是我有另外一本告诉如何增加体重的好书。此处泛指三者或三者以上的“另一”应用another ；other 表示泛指后面要跟复数名词。故other 改为another 。 8.考查非谓语动词。句意：我想减肥，而不是
增加体重。此处为“想要做某事”短语为want to do sth.，increase 应用原形。故increasing 改为increase 。
9.考查形容词。句意：解决这个问题太容易了！根据上文“It’s so ”可知应用形容词easy ，作表语。故easily 改为easy 。
10.考查宾语从句。句意：那就不要按照书上写的去做。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指事情，应用what 引导。故that 改为what 。
第二节 书面表达 (满分 25 分)
52. 今年暑假，你参加了一个为期一周的志愿者活动。现在请你根据下列提示，写一篇短文介绍这次难忘的经历。
1.介绍参加人员；
2.活动内容；
3.自己的收获。
注意:
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________