2017年中石化第一次分级测试真题(阅读 翻译 写作)
阅读 篇章1 当前题号：第1-10题，总题数：50题
Line Low wages, chronic unemployment and underemployment lead to low income,
lack of property ownership, absence of savings, absence of food reserves in
the home, and a chronic shortage of cash. These conditions reduce the
possibility of effective participation in the larger economic system. And as
a r e s p o n s e t o t h e s e c o n d i t i o n s w e f i n d i n t h e culture of poverty a high incidence of pawning personal goods, borrowing from local
money-lenders at higher rates of interest, spontaneous informal credit devices organized by neighbors, the use of secondhand clothing and
furniture, and the pattern of frequent buying of small quantities of food
many times a day as the need arises.
People with a culture of poverty produce very little wealth and
receive very little in return. They have a low level of literacy and education,
usually do not belong to labor unions, are not members of political parties,
generally do not participate in the national welfare agencies, and make
very little use of banks, hospitals, department stores, museums or art gal l eri e s. T he y h a ve a c ri t i c al a t t i t u de t o w a rd s om e or
the basic institutions of the dominant classes, hatred of the police,
mistrust of government, and a cynicism that extends even to the church.
This gives the culture of poverty a high potential for protest and for
Being used in political movements aimed against the existing social
order.
People with a culture of poverty are aware of middle-class values,
talk about them and even claim some of them as their own, but on the
whole they do not live by them. Thus it is important to distinguish
betweenwhat they say and what they do. For example, many will tell
you that marriage by law, by the church, or by both is the ideal form of
marriage, but few will marry. To men who have no steady jobs or other
sources of income, who do not own property and have no wealth to pass
on to their children, who are present-time oriented and who want to
avoid the expense and legal difficulties involved in formal marriage and
divorce, free unions or consensual marriages make a lot of sense.
Women will often turn down offers of marriage because they feel it ties
them down to men. Women feel that consensual union gives them a
have. By not giving the fathers of their children legal status as husbands,
the women have a stronger claim on their children if they decide to
leave their men. It also gives women exclusive rights to a house or any
other property they may own.
1. According to the passage, a defining characteristic of poverty is that poor people
__________.
A. are isolated from the mainstream of society
B. lack the skills to find decent jobs
C. are responsible for their own poverty
5
10 15
20 25 30 35
D.are constantly in a state of crisis
2.The author of the passage uses the phrase “culture of poverty” (Line 6) to suggest
that __________.
A.there are several classifications of poor people
B.poor people often take pride in their poverty
C.poor people share a common ethnicity
D.poverty has become a prevailing way of life for some people
3.The word “incidence” in Line 6 is closest in meaning to __________.
A.inflation
B.introduction
C.accident
D.occurrence
4.The word “literacy” in Line 12 refers to the ability to __________.
A.go to school
B.read and write
C.understand math
D.receive an education
5.By asserting that the culture of poverty can be used by political movements (Line
19), the author is __________.
A.cautioning against an uprising by the poor
B.showing how poverty may threaten social stability
C.calling upon the middle class to fight against the poor
D.justifying the motives of politicians
6.Which of the following best describes people with a culture of poverty?
A.They work hard but receive little in return
B.They’re cynical to all but the church
C.They usually ignore the national welfare agencies
D.They are economically active
7.According to the last paragraph, consensual union can provide poor women who
refuse to get married legally with all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A.a free church wedding or civil ceremony
B.some of the freedom and flexibility that men have
C. a stronger claim on their children when they want to leave their men
D.rights to a house or any other property
8.the last paragraph that men and women in the
culture of poverty __________.
A.consider themselves unworthy of legal marriage
B.prefer not to be in relationship
C.avoid legalized marriages for practical and economic reasons
D.do not trust each other to be faithful husbands and wives
9.In the discussion of poverty, the author is most likely to agree that poverty
__________.
A.is more widespread than most people think
B.cannot be eliminated
C. weakens the fabric of society
D. means more than lack of money
10. The word “it” in Line 37 refers to __________.
A. a better break
B. legal status
C. consensual union
D. illegal marriage
篇章2 当前题号：第11-20题，总题数：50题；
Line Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U.S., about half the urban pollution and one-fourth of the greenhouse gases. They take a
similar toll of resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of the
developing world. As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming
decade, the U.S. and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health-related and political costs. It
is unlikely that oil prices will remain at their current low level or that
other nations will accept a large and growing U.S. contribution to global
climate change.
Policymakers and industry have four options: reduce vehicle use,
increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventional
gasoline-powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find less
polluting driving systems. The last of these — in particular the
introduction of vehicles powered by electricity — is ultimately the only
sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in
practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. For
example, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host of
social and environmental problems, but evidence from around the world
suggests that it is difficult to make people give up their cars to any
significant extent. In the U.S., mass-transit ridership and carpooling
have declined since World War II. Even in Western Europe, with fuel
prices averaging more than ＄1 a liter (about ＄4 a gallon) and with easily
accessible mass transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80
percent of all passenger travel.
Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fuel
has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuels
such as natural gas, burned in internal-combustion engines, could be
introduced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginal
reductions in pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (especially
because oil companies are already spending billions of dollars every
year to develop less polluting types of gasoline).
11. It can be learned from the passage that the increased use of cars will __________.
A. consume half of the oil produced in the world
B. have serious consequences on the well-being of all nations
C. impose an economic burden on residents of large cities 5 10 15 20 25
D.widen the gap between the developed and developing countries
12.America has to solve the problems arising from vehicle use because __________.
A.few Americans are reluctant to switch to public transportation
B.the present level of oil prices is considered unacceptable
C.it should take the lead in conserving natural resources
D.other countries are unsatisfied about its large greenhouse emissions
13.According to the author, America’s contri bution to global climate change is
__________.
A.increasing
B.decreasing
C.fluctuating
D.stabilizing
14.Which of the following is the best solution to the problems mentioned in the
passage?
A.The designing of highly efficient car engines
B. A reduction of vehicle use in cities
C.The use of less polluting fuels
D.The development of electric cars
15.What does “host” in Line 17 mean?
A.Person who serves people as guests
B.Anchor of a television program, etc.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/916774351.html,rge number of something
D.Caretaker of an inn
16. What is the meaning of “carpooling” in Line 20?
A. People riding together in one car
B. A number of cars used by a company’s salesmen
C. A person who owns many cars
D. Cars owned by an organization for the use of its members
17. According to the passage, after World War II many people in the U.S.
__________.
A.only used railways
B.preferred their own cars for travel
C.always used public transportation
D.insist on carpooling
the problem of greenhouse emissions?
A.Slowing down fuel economy
B.The use of fuels other than gasoline
C.Reducing car use by carpooling
D.The introduction of less polluting driving systems
19. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The decline of public transportation accounts for increased car use in Western
Europe
B.Cars are popular in Western Europe even though fuel prices are fairly high
C. Western Europe oil companies cannot sustain the cost of developing new-type
fuels
D. The reduction of vehicle use is the only sustainable option in densely
populated Western Europe
20. The word “they” in Line 28 refers to __________.
A. internal-combustion engines
B. marginal reductions
C. alternative fuels
D. greenhouse emissions
篇章3 当前题号：第21-30题，总题数：50题；
Line Cancer has always been with us, but not always in the same way. Its care and management have differed over time and have its identity. visibility, and meaning. Pick up the thread of history at its most distant end and you have “cancer the crab”—so named because its pain is like the pinch of a crab’s claw. Pre -modern cancer is a lump that sometimes b r e a k s t h r o u gh t h e s k i n i n u l c e r a t i o n s p r o d u c i n g f o u l -s m e l l i n g discharges. The ancient Egyptians knew about many tumors that had a bad outcome, and the Greeks made a distinction between benign tumors and evil ones. In the second century A.D., Galen reckoned that the cause was systemic, an excess of sadness or black bile, one of the body’s four “humors” brought on by bad diet and environmental circumstances.
Ancient medical practitioners sometimes cut tumors out, but the
prognosis was known to be grim .
The experience of cancer has always been terrible, but, until modern times, its mark on culture has been light. In the past, fear came from infectious and epidemic diseases, strokes, heart attacks, and tuberculosis.
The agonizing manner of cancer death was dreaded, but that fear was not
centrally situated in the public mind — as it now is. This is one reason
why the medical historian Roy Porter wro te that cancer is “the modern
disease par excellence ”.
At one time, it was thought that cancer was a “disease of
civilization,” belonging to much the same causal domain as
“neurasthenia” and diabetes, the former a nervous weakness believed to
brought about by the stress of modern life and the latter a condition
produced by bad diet and indolence. In the eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries, some physicians attributed cancer to psychological and
behavioral causes. William Buchan’s wildly popular eightee nth-century
text Domestic Medicine judged that cancers might be caused by
“excessive fear, grief, and religious melancholy”. In the nineteenth
century, reference was repeatedly made to a “cancer personality”, and, in
some versions, specifically to sexual repression. As Susan Sontag
observed, cancer was considered shameful, even obscene. “It seems
unimaginable”, Sontag wrote, “to aestheticize” cancer.
5 10 15
20 25 30
21. According to the passage, the ancient Egyptians __________.
A.were able to tell benign tumors from evil ones
B.knew about a lot of cancerous tumors
C.found out the cause of cancer
D.looked at cancer as the crab
22. According to Galen, cancer is triggered by all of the following EXCEPT _______.
A.the excess of sadness
B. a poor diet
C.sociological factors
D.environmental conditions
23. The word “benign” in Line 8 refers to _______.
A.unharmful
B.bad
C.positive
D.brutal
24. The word “grim” in Line 13 is closest in meaning to _______.
A.dirty
B.dreadful
C.striking
D.excellent
25. Which of the following statements about the cancers of the past is best supported
by the passage?
A.Ancient people did not live long enough to become prone to cancer
B.Cancer death might be considered a badge of refinement
C.In the past, people did not fear cancer at all
D.Some physicians believed behavioral characteristics could lead to cancer
26. According to the passage, with which of the following would the author most
likely agree?
A.Today people understand cancer in fundamentally new ways
B.Cancer would be totally eliminated in the 21st century
C.Cancer care and management are very sophisticated
D.There is a dramatic rise in mortality in modern cancer world
27. “Neurasthenia and diabetes” are mentioned in Paragraph 3 for the purpose of
_______.
A.
B.illustrating that they are regarded as “diseases of civilization”
C.explaining that they are brought about by the pressure of modern life
D.showing that people dread them very much
28. Sontag’s remark about cancer indicates that one time _______.
A.infectious and epidemic diseases were major causes of death
B.cancer ranked just below heart disease as a cause of death
C.cancer was viewed as a dirty disease related to human being’s behaviors
D.the cancers of the past were visible on the body’s surface
29. The author’s attitude towards cancer can be described as _______.
A. critical
B. concerned
C. helpless
D. objective
30. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?
A. Cancer’s identity has never changed
B. Cancer is the price paid for modern life
C. The care and management of cancer have developed over time
D. The cultural significance of cancer has shifted over time
篇章4 当前题号：第31-40题，总题数：50题；
Line Nelson Mandela once said, “Education is the most powerful weapon
that you can use to change the world”. Nearly everybody agrees: It’s
going to take a revolution to fix America’s public schools. Louis V .
Gerstner Jr., one of the business leaders in education reform, proclaims
the Noah principle: “No more prizes for predicting rain. Prizes only for bi lding arks. We’ve got to change whole schools and whole school
system.”
But this isn’t so. Firstly, nobody really w ants a revolution. Revolution
would mean removing the whole present structure of education overnight
and inventing a new one from the beginning, in the conviction that
anything must be an improvement —no matter what it costs. What these
folks really wan t isn’t revolution but major reform, changing the system
radically but in an orderly fashion. The changes are supposed to be tested
in large-scale pilot programs —Gerstner’s “arks”—and then installed
nationally. But even that is just a distant gleam in the eye and a dubious
proposition too. There’s nothing like a consensus even on designing those
arks, let alone where they are supposed to come to ground. And anyone
who has watched radical reforms in the real world has to be wary of
them: Invariably, they take a long time and cost a great deal, and even so they fail more often than they succeed. The best and most natural changes
come not in wholesale gulps, but in small bites.
What the think-big reformers fail to acknowledge is that schools all
the country are changing all the time. From head-start programs to
after-school big brother/big sister projects to self-esteem workshops, it’s
precisely these small-scale innovations and demonstration programs that
are doing the job, in thousands of schools. Some of these efforts are only
partly successful; some fail; some work small miracles. They focus
varyingly on children, teachers, and parents, on methods of administration
and techniques of teaching, on efforts to motivate kids, teach values and
mobilize community support. Some are relatively expensive; others cost
almost nothing. But all of them can be done —and have been done.
The important thing is that local schools aren’t waiting for a 25 30 35
10 5 15
20
revolution. They are working out their own problems and making their
own schools better. And anyone—teachers, parents, principals, school
board members—anyone who cares enough and works hard enough can do
the same.
31. According to the Nelson Mandela quote, education can__________.
A. be used to hurt people
B. be accessible to powerful people
C. teach people to use weapon
D. help create change
32. According to the passage, Gerstner believes __________.
A. the present school system is functioning adequately
B. the emphasis should be shifted to finding solutions rather than focus on
describing problems
C. the school curriculum should include more classes
D. in the value of monetary prizes to outstanding students
33. The word “installed” in Line 14 is closest in mean ing to __________.
A. implemented
B. informed
C. explained
D. stressed
34. The author views the pilot programs as all of the following EXCEPT __________.
A. costly
B. time-consuming
C. uncertain to succeed
D. a product of consensus
35. The word “they” in Line 18 refers to __________.
A. folks
B. pilot programs
C. changes
D. schools
36. The word “wholesale” in Line 22 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. cheap
B. large
C. valuable
D. fair
37. Which best summ arizes the idea of “small bites” in Line 22?
A. Changing the system radically but in an orderly fashion
B. Allowing children to choose from a variety of programs
C. Using modest innovations to improve schools
D. Teaching the theory of evolution in the classroom
38. According to the author, the “small-scale innovations” mentioned in Line 26
__________.
A. are largely theoretical so far
B. do not work on a large scale
C. are unavailable in many areas
D. have in many cases been shown to work
39. Judging from the author’s discussion, he believes that local schools __________.
A. should embrace sweeping plans for national educational reform.
B. are relatively expensive
C. are producing small but useful innovations all the time
D. can only be as good as their curricula
40. The primary purpose of the passage is to __________.
A. present an alternative view to a widely-held belief
B. describe plans to implement an educational revolution
C. relate the historical events that have shaped a situation
D. uncover and analyze new flaws in an old system
篇章5 当前题号：第41-50题，总题数：50题。
LineCan we overcome apathy? Yes, but only if we have hope. One
reason for hopes lies in the nature of human intellectual
accomplishment. A hundred years ago, the idea of a man on the moon, or
of the Internet remained in the realm of science fiction. Yet we have seen
those things and much more. So, now that we have finally faced up to the terrible damage we have inflicted on our environment, we are
working overtime to find technological solutions. But technology alone
is not enough. We must engage with our hears also.
Even companies once known only for profits are having a change
of heart. Conoco, the energy company, worked with the Jane Goodall Institute (J.G.I.) in Congo to build a sanctuary for orphaned
chimpanzees.
Another reason for hope is the resilience of nature —if it is given a
helping hand. Fifteen years ago, the forest outside Gombe National Park
in Tanzania were virtually eliminated. More people lived there than the land could support. J.G .I. initiated the Lake Tanganyika Catchment Reforestation and Education Project, a program active in 33 villages
around the park. Today people improve their lives through
environmentally sustainable projects, such as tree nurseries and wood
lots. We provided health care, family-planning and education programs,
for women. As their education increases, their family size
tends to drop.
While pollution still plagues much of the world, progress is being
made. This May in Sudbury, Ontario, I saw new forests that were
recolonizing hills destroyed by 100 years of nickel mining. The community raised the money and worked for months spreading lime and planting vegetation on the blackened rock.
Animal species on the brink of extinction can be given a second
chance through protection and captive breeding —even if preserving a
habitat conflicts with economic interests. A company in China planned 5
10
15
20 25
30
to build a rapid-transit line right through the only major remaining
breeding ground of the rare pheasant-tailed jacana. There was an outcry,
but it was the only economically viable route. Environmentalists worked
with the company to propose a solution —moving the breeding ground.
Water was diverted back into nearby wetlands that had been drained by
farmers, and suitable vegetation was replanted.
I derive the most hope from the energy and hard work of young
people. Roots ＆ Shoots, J.G .I.’s program for youth from preschool
through university, is now active in 70 countries. The name is symbolic:
roots and shoots together can break up brick walls, just as citizens of the
Earth together can overcome our problems.
41. “A man on moon” and “the Internet” (Paragraph 1) are given as examples to
show __________.
A. How much technology has achieved so far
B. How much damage people have done to the earth
C. How difficult it is to put forward technological solutions
D. What people were able to imagine 100 years ago
42. The word “inflicted” in Line 6 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. suffered
B. imposed
C. disturbed
D. attacked
43. According to the passage, people can repair the damage by all the following
means EXCEPT __________.
A. developing technology
B. planting trees and grassland
C. moving people out of the damaged areas
D. implementing family-planning programs
44. What does the Conoco example tell us?
A. Big companies do not want to protect the environment
B. More companies are taking actions to protect the environment
C. Many companies must protect orphaned chimpanzees
D. Big companies are reluctant to restore the environment
45. According to the passage, people living around Gombe National Park improve
A. receiving better education
B. giving birth to more babies
C. seeking financial support from the USA
D. going abroad to learn new technology
46. The word “plagues” in Line 23 is closest in meaning to __________.
A. invades
B. influences
C. plough
D. troubles 35 40
47.The word “it” in Line 33 refers to __________.
A.an outcry
B. a rapid-transit line
C.the breeding ground
D.a company
48.The name of the program, Roots and Shoots in Line 38 is symbolic in that
__________.
A.people are planting trees together
B.people are trying to spread green color on Earth
C.the number of people is as large as that of roots and shoots
D.people’s strength is like roots and shoots if they work together
49.According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A.Environmentalists alone have made many achievements in bettering the
environment.
B.People can have great power if they work together to protect the environment.
C.Most energy companies in the world are actively participating in the
protection of the environment.
D.Great contributions to protect ing the environment can be achieved by
technology itself.
50.The best title for this passage could be __________.
A.The Greatest Danger to Our Future
B.Worrying about Saving the World
C.Hope for Saving the World
D.Failing to Preserve Our Planet
写作（含翻译）翻译当前题号：第1题，总题数：2题
Part A Translation
Directions: In Part A, you are going to translate two paragraphs.
1.Required Translation（必译题）：英译汉
In Britain, every town has a public library. Anyone may borrow books, and it costs nothing to borrow them. In some places, you may borrow as many books as you want, but in others you are limited to a certain number of books for several weeks
Most public libraries also have a reading-room. There are tables and desks at which you can sit and read the daily newspaper. In the reference（参考书）library, there are dictionaries, books of maps and other useful books. But you can only use these books there.
2.Optional Translations（三选一题）：汉译英
In this question you should translate one paragraph into English from the following three paragraphs. Write “Topic 1”, “Topic 2” or “Topic 3” above your translation of the paragraph.
Topic 1经管类
一个国家汇率（currency exchange rate）的下降对该国经济的影响主要表现在三个方面。第一，一般来说汇率降低会促进出口，抑制进口。第二，汇率下降可能引起进口商品在国内的价格上涨。第三，如果汇率持续下降，就有可能导致资本外流（capital outflows）现象。
Topic 2 勘探开发类
普光气田位于四川省，面积1116平方千米，天然气资源量8916亿立方米，是我国第一个超百亿立方米高含硫（sulfur）大气田，同时是亚洲第一、世界第二大高含硫天然气净化厂，超深、高含硫、地处复杂山地等特点，使得其钻井工作难度巨大。
Topic 3 炼油化工类
炼化工业是我国真正掌握了核心技术、达到世界先进水平的产业之一。
我国拥有现代化炼油厂全流程技术，具备利用自主技术建设单系列（single-train）千万吨级炼油厂的能力。化工方面，我国能够依靠自有技术设计建设百万吨级乙烯（ethylene）工程。
Part B Writing
Directions: In Part B, you are going to write an e-mail and an essay as required.
1.An E-mail
You read about an exhibition（展览）event in the China Daily website and you are interested. Now please write to the organizers of the event to ask about some information. Your e-mail should have no less than 50 words and should ask about: ■When and where the event is going to be held;
■How to register if you want to exhibit your products.
Dear Sir or Madam.
2.An Essay
Look at the following chart.
Then write an essay of no less than 120 words to first describe the chart and then comment on the chart.
Your description and comment should include the following points:
■Comparing and contrasting of the information as evident from the chart;
■Brief comments based on what the chart shows and what you already know.
答案
阅读理解: part1:ADDBB BACCC
Part2: BBADC ACBBC
Part3:BCABD ABCDD
Part4: DBADB BCDCD
Part5: DACBA DADBC
翻译：在英国,每一个城市都有一个公共图书馆。任何人都可以借书，而且不需要花钱。在一些地方，你可以借尽可能多的书，但是在其他一些图书馆会在几个星期内会限制借一定数量的书，这样你就可以有足够的时间完成读书。
大多数公共图书馆也有一个阅览室。有桌子和案台可以坐下来阅读日报。在参考书库，有字典、地图和其他有用的书。但是你只能在这里使用这些书。
The impact of a country's currency exchange rate on the country's economy is mainly reflected in three aspects. First, currency exchange rate decrease will boost exports, curbing imports. Second, currency exchange rate down may cause the prices of imports in domestic. Third, if the currency exchange rate continued to decline, it may cause the outflow of capital capital outflows phenomenon.
Puguang gas field is located in Sichuan Province, an area of 1116 square kilometers, 891 billion 600 million cubic meters of natural gas resources, it is China's first ultra billion cubic meters of high sulfur gas field (sulfur), is also the first in Asia，the world's second largest high hydrogen sulfide gas purification plant, deeply, high hydrogen sulfide, located in the complex mountainous characteristics, make its drilling work very difficulty.
Refining and chemical industry is one of the industries that have mastered the core technology and reached the world advanced level of one of the industry. Our country has a modern refinery process technology, with the use of independent technology to build a single-train 10 million tons oil refining capacity. Chemical industry, Our country can rely on its own technology design and construction of one million tons ethylene) project.
2017年英语四级翻译习题及答案
2017年英语四级翻译习题及答案 在翻译只能怪同学们切勿带入中文的思维，以下整理的翻译习题及答案，希望对大家复习有所帮助，更多信息请关注网! 英语四级翻译习题及答案一 冰灯(ice lantern)是中国北方广泛创作的冬季艺术品。它最初是为了照明，在寒冷的 冬夜为中国北方的农民和渔民的工作生活提供光源。后来，各种形状和大小的水晶般透 明的冰灯逐渐成为一种民间艺术，冰灯博览会(fair)成为北方特有的民俗休闲活动。黑龙 江省省会哈尔滨是中国冰雪艺术的发源地。1963年元宵节期间，哈尔滨市在公园举办了 首届冰灯博览会，几千盏冰灯和几十枝冰花展出，冰灯和冰花由简单的工具制成，如结 冰的盆和篮子。后来，大型年度冰灯博览会每年都在哈尔滨举行。 参考翻译： An ice lantern is a wintertime work of art widelycreated in north China. It was originally made forillumination, providing a light source for the life andwork of farmers and fishermen of north China oncold winter night. Later, the crystal-clear ice lanternsof all shapes and sizes gradually became a folk art and an ice lantern fair became a folkrecreational activity unique to the north. Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang Province, is thebirthplace of Chinese ice and snow art. During the Lantern Festival in 1963，the city hosted thevery first ice lantern feir in the park, during which over a thousand ice lanterns and dozens ofice flowers made with simple tools like basins and basket for freezing were on display. Later, alarge-scale annual ice lantern feir was held each year in Harbin. 英语四级翻译习题及答案二 五行学说(the theory of five elements)是中国古代的一种物质观。五行包括金、木、水、火和土五种要素。五行学说强调整体概念，描绘了事物的结构关系和运动形式。五行学说认为宇宙万物都是基于这五种要素的运行和变化。这五个要素相互作用，不但影响到人的命运，同时也使宇宙万物循环不已。五行学说成熟干汉代 (the Han Dynasty)，之后 广泛应用于中医、建筑和武术(martial arts}等领域。 四级翻译参考答案: The theory of five elements is a concept of matter inancient China. The five elements include metal, wood,water, fire, and earth. The theory of five elementsemphasizes on an overall concept, describing thestructural relationships and forms of movement ofmatters. The theory holds that everything in theuniverse is based on the movement and change of
大学英语四级考试真题及答案.doc
2016 年12 月大学英语四级考试真题及 答案 【篇一：2016 年12 月大学英语四级翻译作文题目及答 案】 翻译一： 在中国文化中，红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合，红色到处可见。人们把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋 友时，通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把 它与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而，红色并不总是代表好运与快 乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写，用红墨水写中国人名被看 成是一种冒犯行为。 as a symbol of good luck, longevity and happiness in chinese culture, the color of red can be seen everywhere during springfestive and other festive/ joyous occasions. cash is usually put in red envelopes as gifts for relatives and close/intimate friends. also, red is much-welcomed / fashionable in china because of its association with chinese revolutions and the communist party. however, red does not always represent / equal to good luck and joy. red was previously used to write the names of the deceased so it is seen as an offence to write chinese people ’s names in red ink. 翻译二 随着中国的改革开放，如今很多年轻人都喜欢举行西式婚礼。新娘 在婚礼上穿着白色婚纱，因为白色被认为是纯洁的象征。然而，在 中国传统文化中，白色经常是葬礼上使用的颜色。因此务必记住， 白花一定不要用作祝人康复的礼物，尤其不要送给老年人或危重病 人。同样，礼金也不能装在白色信封里，而要装在红色信封里。 with the reform and opening-up of china, a great many young people nowadays prefer to hold western-style wedding: the bride wears white wedding gown because the color is considered to symbolize purity/is considered as the symbol of purity. however, in tradition chinese culture, white is often used on funerals. so, do bear in mind that white flowers should never be used as a gift to celebrate someone ’s recovery, especially not for the aged or those who are seriously ill.
英语四级翻译历年真题 强迫症整理版
07年6月 87. The finding of this study failed to _____________(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内). 88.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is ____________(我们可以合作的领域) . 89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete__________________(决定退出比赛). 90.To make donations or for more information, please ________(按以下地址和我们联系). 91.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning ______________(如果你方便的话). 答案： 87. take people’s sleep quality/quality of sleep into account/consideration 88. a field in which we can work together / a field in which we can cooperate 89. decided to quit the match 90. contact us at the following address 91. at your convenience/if it is convenient for you 07年12月 87 __________(多亏了一系列的新发明), doctors can treat this disease successfully. 88 In my sixties, one change I notice is that ______________(我比以前更容易累了). 89 I am going to pursue this course, _____________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲). 90 I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because ____________(它更方便和省时). 91 Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life _______________(用他们能够借到多少来衡量的), not how much they can earn. 答案： 87. Thanks to/ because of a series of new inventions 88. I have been more likely to get tired than before/ I get tired more easily than before 89. no matter at what expense (cost)/ no matter what I have to sacrifice (pay)/ would have to sacrifice (pay) 90. the former/ shopping online is more convenient and efficient (time-saving) (can save more time) 91. is measured in terms of how much they can borrow 08年6月 87.Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research______ .(能应用于新技术的开发) 88. I can’t boot my computer now. Something ____________(一定出了毛病) with its operation system. 89. Leaving one’s job, ____________________,(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring. 90.________________________,(与我成长的地方相比)，this town is more prosperous and exciting. 91.______(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill 答案
英语四级翻译真题及答案
Part VI Translation (5 minutes) 1. 虚拟语气 ?(CET4-2006.12) The victim might have had a chance to survive / would have survived (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. ?(CET4-2009.06) If she had returned an hour earlier, Mary would not have been caught in the heavy rain (就不会被大雨淋了). ?(CET4-2009.12) You would not have failed if you had followed my instructions (按照我的指令去做). ?(CET4-2010.06) It is suggested that the air-conditioner (should) be installed by the window (要安装在窗户旁). ?(CET4-2010.12) There would be no life on earth but for / without its unique environment (没有地球独特的环境). ?(CET4-2010.12) They requested that books I borrowed (should) be returned to the library (我借的书还回图书馆) by next Friday. ?(CET4-2011.06) Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishes that she could be assigned (to) another job (能被分配做另一项工作). ?(CET4-2012.06) Those flowers looked as if they had not been watered for a long time (好长时间没有浇水了). ?(CET4-2012.12) We could have avoided making this silly mistake (本来可以避免犯这个愚蠢的错误), but we didn’t follow his advice. ?(CET4-2012.12) Yesterday Jane left the meeting early. Otherwise, she could have said something she would regret later (可能会说一些后来会懊悔的话). ?(CET4-2012.12) If the reaction were to take place, a tremendous amount of energy would be released (巨大的能量就会被释放出来). ?(CET6-2010.06) Most educators advise that kids (should) not be addicted to / obsessed with computer games (不要沉溺于电脑游戏). ?(CET6-2011.12) You shouldn't have run across the road without looking. You would have been knocked down by a car (也许会被车撞倒的). ?(CET6-2012.06) But for the survival instinct which nearly all creatures have, more species would have been extinct from the earth (更多的物种就可能已经在地球上灭绝了). ?(CET6-2012.12) Without the atmosphere, we would be forced to look for the shelter which helps us hide from the sun (将被迫寻找躲避太阳的藏身处), as there would be nothing to protect us from its deadly rays. ?(CET6-2012.12) If only they were here right now (他们要是此刻在这儿就好了), we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary. 2. 倒装结构 ?(CET4-2008.06) Not until he had finished the mission (直到他完成使命) did he realize that he was seriously ill. ?(CET4-2010.06) The manager never laughed; neither did she lose her temper before (她也从来没有发过脾气). ?(CET4-2011.06) The university authorities did not approve the regulation, nor did they give any reason / make any explanation (也没有解释为什么). ?(CET4-2012.12) I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never before in my life had I felt so excited (我感到如此激动)! ?(CET4-2012.12) Hardly had John finished his introductory remark when he was interrupted by the audience (他就被听众打断了). ?(CET4-2012.12) Only when you have passed the tests required can you apply for a driver’s license (你才能申请驾驶执照). ?(CET6-2009.12) Much regretted as I felt (我感到遗憾), I was unable to finish the work on time. ?(CET6-2010.06) Never has their only son thought (他们的独生儿子从未想过) to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties. ?(CET6-2010.06) He assured his friend that under no circumstances would he break his promise / commitment to repay / pay back the money (他会违背还钱的承诺). ?(CET6-2010.12) Only when I reached my thirties did I realize that reading can not be neglected / is unignorable (我才意识到读书是不能被忽视的).
2016-2017年四六级翻译真题
16-17年四级翻译： 华山位于华阴市，距西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不仅分隔陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不同，华山过去很少有人光临，因为上山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长寿的人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多药草，特别是一些稀有的药草。自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。（145字） Huashan(Mount Hua) is situated in Huayin City, 120 kilometers away from Xi'an. It ispart of the Qinling Mountains, which divides not o nly Southern and NorthernShaanxi, but also South and North China. Unlike Taishan, which became a popularplace of pilgrimage, Huash an was not well visited in the past because it is dangerousfor the c limbers to reach its summit. Huashan was also an important place f requentedby immortality seekers, as many herbs grow there especial ly some rare ones. Sincethe installation of the cable cars in the 199 0s, the number of visitors hasincreased significantly. 黄山位于安徽省南部。它风景独特，尤以其日出和云海著称。要欣赏大山的宏伟壮丽，通常得向上看。但要欣赏黄山美景，得向下看。黄山的湿润气候有利于茶树生成，是中国主要产茶地之一。这里还有许多温泉，其泉水有助于防治皮肤病。黄山是中国主要旅游目的地之一，也是摄影和传统国画最受欢迎的主题。
历年英语四级翻译真题与答案
2013年12月： 段落翻译： 试卷一：中餐 【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养（nutrition）。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 【翻译答案】Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 试卷二：信息技术 【真题原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 【翻译答案】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern. 试卷三：茶文化 【真题原文】"你要茶还是咖啡？"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清（the qing dynasties）期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料（beverage）之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 【翻译答案】"Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 试卷四：中国结
14~15英语四级翻译真题及答案汇总
Chinese parents have frequently tended to pay too much attention to their children's study, so that children don’t help them do the housework. Their only requirement for their children is to study hard, perform well in the exams, and go to a famous/prestigious university. They believe it is good for their children, because in such a highly competitive society, only good results could ensure a promising future. Chinese parents also believe that parents will be honored if their children can achieve great success in society. Therefore, they are willing to sacrifice their own time, hobbies and interests, to create much better conditions for children. Lijiang, an ancient town of Yunnan Province, is one of the most famous tourist destinations. Its pace of life is slower than that of most cities of China. There are many natural beauties everywhere in Lijiang and many ethnical minorities provide tourists with a great variety of cultural experience. Lijiang is also well-known as the "city of love" in history. Many stories about life and dying for love have spreaded widely among the locals. Nowadays, for tourists home and abroad, the ancient town is regarded as a paradise of love and romance. The Annual Chinese Speech Contest for Foreigners was held in Changsha this year. The contest was proved to be a good way to promote cultural exchanges between China and other regions all over the world. It provides an opportunity for young people around the world to understand China better. A total of 126 players from 87 countries gathered in the capital of Hunan province to participate in the semi-final and the final from July 6th to August 5th. Competition is not the only activity. Players also have a chance to visit famous and historical attractions in other parts of China.
英语四级翻译真题与范文答案(2017年_12)
2013年12月大学英语四级考试翻译题目 许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delici ous and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine t o take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is cruci al to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between c ereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly develop ment of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compul sory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different vi
CET4翻译全真题大全
《四级样卷》与历年CET4翻译部分全真题 （说明： 1. 翻译属新题型，在CET4中的应用始于2006年6月，本文档包括了自 有翻译题以来所有考过的题和此前国家四、六级考委会公布的一套样 卷，与老师、同学们共享。 2. 考点分析纯属个人观点，仅供参考。因本文档初次编辑在2008年9、 10月份，后来虽然所有的考题都收录了，但在第二部分“考点分析” 中，自2008年12起之后的考题都没有进行考点分析。特此说明） 第一部分《四级样卷》与历年真题 1.《四级样卷》 87. The substance does not dissolve in water _______________ (不管是否加热). 88. Not only _______________ (他向我收费太高), but he didn’t do a good repair job either. 89. Your losses in trade this year are nothing _______________(与我的相比). 90. On average, it is said, visitor spend only _______________(一半的钱) in a day in Leeds as in London. 91. By contrast, American mothers were more likely ________________ (把孩子的成功归 因于) natural talent. [答案] 87. whether (it is) heated or not 88. did he charge me too much / did he overcharge me 89. compared with mine / in comparison with mine 90. half as much (money) 91. to attribute their children’s success to 2. 2006年6月真题 87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble __________ (找到去历史博物馆的路). 88. __________ (为了挣钱供我上学), Mother often takes on more work than is good for her. 89. The professor required that __________ (我们交研究报告) by Wednesday. 90. The more you explain, __________ (我愈糊涂). 91.Though a skilled worker, __________ (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis. [答案] 87.(in) finding the way to the history museum 88. In order to finance my education 89. we (should) hand in our research report 90. the more confused I am
历年英语四级翻译真题及答案
2013 年12 月： 段落翻译：试卷二：中餐 【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nUtntion)。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以屮餐既味美又健康。 【翻译答案】MOSt PeOPIe Iike Chinese food. InChina, COOking is ConSidered as not only a Skill but also an art. The WelI-PrePared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. AlthOUgh COOking methods and food ingredient Vary WiIdly in different PIaCeS Of China, it is COmmOn for good CUiSine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. SinCe food is CrUCial to health, a good Chef is inSiStentIy trying to Seek balance between Cereal) meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as WeIl as healthy. 试卷二：信息技术 【真题原文】信息技术(InfOrmatiOn Technology),正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚 至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统 的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好 【番羽译答案】AS China CitiZens attaching great importance to the rapidly development Of Infor^mation TeChnoIOgy J SOme COIIege even Set it as a COmPUlSOry course. RegarCling to this PhenOmenon, PeOPle holding Clifferent views. SOme PeOPIe think it is not necessary, for StUdentS ShOUId Iearrl the traditiOnal curriculum. AnOther Part Of PeOPle think it is a need, because China ShOUld keep PaCe With the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that InfOrmatiOn TeChnoIOgy aroused PUbliC COnCer n. 试卷三：茶文化 【真题原文】“你要茶还是咖啡？”是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传， 中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清( the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在 六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料( beverage)之二，茶是中国的 瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。 【番羽译答案】"Would you Iike tea Or coffee?" Thaf S a question PeOPle Often asked When having meal. MOSt WeSternerS Will ChOOSe coffee, While the Chinese WOUId Iike to ChOOSe tea. ACCOrding to Iegend, tea WaS CIiSCOVered by a ChineSe emperor five thousand years ago, and then WaS USed to CUre disease. DUring the Ming and Qingdynasties, tea houses Were all OVer the country. Tea drinking SPreacl to JaPan in the 6th century, but it WaS not Until the 18th CentUry does it SPread to EUrOPe and AmeriCa. NOWadayS) tea is One Of the most POPUlar beverage in the WOrlcI, and it is not only the treasure Of China but also an important Part Of Chinese traditiOnand culture.
历年大学英语四级翻译题汇总
1. You would not have failed if you had followed my instructions/orders.(按照我的指令去做) 2. Despite the hardship he encountered Mark never gave up the pursuit of knowledge.( gave up pursueing knowledge(放弃对知识的追求) 3. Scientists agree that it will be a long time before we find the cure for cancer.(我们找到治愈癌症的方法) 4. Production has to be increased considerably to keep pace with the consumers’ growing demands.(与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步) 5. The more exercise you take ,the less likely you catch a cold.(你越不 大可能得感冒) 6. Soon after he transferred to the new school ,Ali found that he had much difficulty (in) catching up with his classmates.(很难跟上班里的同学) 7. If she had returned an hour earlier ,Mary would not have been caught in the heavy rain.(就不会被大雨淋了) 8. It is said that those who are stressed or working overtime are more likely to put on weight.(更有可能增加体重) 9. The study shows that the poor functioning of the human body is closely related to the lack of (physical) exercise .(与缺乏锻炼密切相关) 10. What many people didn’t realize is that Simon is a lover of sports ,and football in particular.(很多人没有意识到的) 11. Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems that they haven’t found answers today.(他们至今还没有找到答案) 12. What most parents are concerned about is providing the best education possible for their children.(大多数父母所关心的) 13. You’d better take a sweater which you in case it turns cold.(in case of temperature drop以防天气变冷) 14. Throught the project,many people have received training and decided to start their own business(决定自己创业) 15. The anti-virus agent was not known until it was accidentally found by a doctor.(直到一名医生偶然发现了它) 16. Our efforts will pay off if the results of this research could be applied to the development of the new technology.(能应用于新技术的开发)