配气机构毕业设计

摘要 配气机构作为内燃机的重要组成部分，其设计合理与否直接关系到内燃机的动力性能、经济性能、排放性能及工作的可靠性、耐久性。随着内燃机高功率、高速化，人们对其性能指标的要求越来越高，要求其在高速运行的条件下仍然能够平稳、可靠地工作，因而对其配气机构提出了更高的要求。配气凸轮型线是配气机构的核心部分，配气凸轮型线设计是配气机构优化设计的重要途径之一。模拟计算和实验研究是内燃机配气机构研究两种重要手段。

关键词：内燃机；配气机构；凸轮型线； ABSTRACT The valve train is one of the most important mechanisms in a internal combustion engine, whether the performances are good or bad, that affecting the power performance, economic performance, emissions performance of the engine, as well as affecting the reliability and wear performances of the whole engine. Along with the requests of the engine’s high power, super-speed, people demand a higher index. That is, when the engine runs under a high speed, it can still work steadily and dependably, which demand that the valve train system should have a high performance. Cam profile is the hard core of the valve train, which design is one of the important ways to carry out valve train optimal design. Simulation calculation and experimentation research are two important ways to carry out research and development on valve train of internal-combustion engine.

Key words:Internal combustion engine; Valve train; Cam profile; 目 录 摘要 ....................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ II 第1章 绪 论 .................................................................................................. 1 1.1 概述 ....................................................................................................... 1 1.2 配气机构的研究历程 .......................................................................... 2 1.3配气机构优化设计的目的及意义 ........................................................ 2 1.4配气机构采用的新技术 ........................................................................ 3 1.4.1顶置凸轮轴技术 ......................................................................... 3 1.4.2 多气门技术 ................................................................................ 4 1.4.3 可变气门正时配气机构 ............................................................ 5 1.5本章小结 ................................................................................................ 5 第2章 配气机构的总体布置 .......................................................................... 6

2.1 气门的布置形式 ................................................................................... 6 2.2 凸轮轴的布置形式 ............................................................................... 6 2.3 凸轮轴的传动方式 ............................................................................... 6 2.4 每缸气门数及其排列方式 ................................................................... 6 2.5 气门间隙 ............................................................................................... 7 2.6 本章小结 ............................................................................................... 7 第3章 配气正时的工作原理 ............................................................................ 8

3.1配气正时的介绍 .................................................................................... 8 3.2工作原理 ................................................................................................ 8 3.3本章小结 ................................................................................................ 9 第4章 配气机构的零件及组件 ...................................................................... 10

4.1 气门组 ................................................................................................. 10 4.1.1 气门 .......................................................................................... 10 4.1.2 气门座圈 .................................................................................. 15 4.1.3 气门导管 .................................................................................. 15 4.1.4 弹簧设计计算 .......................................................................... 16 4.2 气门传动组 ......................................................................................... 21 4.2.1 凸轮轴 ...................................................................................... 21 4.2.2 凸轮型线设计 .......................................................................... 21 4.2.3 缓冲段设计 .............................................................................. 23 4.2.4 凸轮轴进排气凸轮角度设计 .................................................. 24 4.2.5 基本段设计 .............................................................................. 24 4.2.6 曲轴正时链轮与凸轮轴正时链轮 .......................................... 26 4.2.7 挺柱 .......................................................................................... 26 第5章 正时链设计方法 .................................................................................. 27 5.1汽车链服役条件及失效形式 .............................................................. 27 5.1.1汽车链的服役条件 ................................................................. 27 5.1.2汽车链的失效形式 ................................................................... 27 5.2汽车链的选择 ...................................................................................... 28 5.3汽车链传动系统设计 .......................................................................... 29 5.4本章小结 .............................................................................................. 33 结论 .................................................................................................................... 33 致谢 .................................................................................................................... 34 参考文献 ............................................................................................................ 35 附录 三维建模过程及部分渲染图片 .............................................................. 37