高二英语语法知识点

高二英语语法知识点

高二英语语法知识点(一) 过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt 过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，vi 过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。

Heated , water changes into steam . The professor came in, followed by a group of young people . 1 作原因状语，等于as /

since / because 引导从句Moved by what she said ,we couldn’t

help crying . = ( As we are moved by what she said … 2 作时间状语，等于when 引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，

可在分词前加when/ while / until 等使时间意义更明确。When

heated , water can be changed into steam . Seen from the

hill ,the park looks very beautiful .= ( When the park is seen from the hill… 3 作条件状语等于 if / whether 引导从句Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better .= ( If they have been given more attention …. Compared with you , we still have a long way to go = ( If we are compared with you … 4 作方式或伴随

状语The actress came in , followed by her fans . She sat by the window , lost in thought . 5 作让步状语Much tired ,he

still kept on working .=(Although he was tired ,) he …. 6 独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat . All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers . Rewrite

with proper conjunctions Example : United we stand, divided we fall. If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall. 1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it. →When he was asked what had happened, … 2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures. →Because he was well known for his expert advice.

高二英语语法知识点(二) 1.倒装句的定义：英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面，就叫做倒装。 2. 倒装句的构成a) 完全倒装将句子的主语和谓语完全颠倒过来，称之为完全倒装。Are you from here? 你是本地人吗? Now comes the chance. 机会来了。b) 部分倒装只将助动词、系动词或情态动词移至主语之前，谓语的其他部分仍保留在主语的后面，称之为部分倒装。例如：Has he come? 他来了吗? Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我们难得像在这里这么舒服。Only in this way can we do the work better. 3. 倒装的原因a) 句子语法结构的需要。例如：Did

you attend the meeting? 你参加会议了吗? Long live peace! 和平万岁!

b) 一些句型的固定用法。例如：Such were his last words. 他最后的

话就是这样。c)强调的需要。倒装以后，句子更加流畅生动。例如：

Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我们从来没有见过这样的情景。Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我们前面有很多困难。Often did we warn them not to do so. 我们曾多次警告他们不要这样做。

4. 倒装句的基本用法a) 构成疑问句(除对主语或主语之定语提问的特殊

疑问句外)：When are we going to drink to your happiness? 我们什

么时候喝你们的喜酒? Have you seen the film? 你看了那部电影吗?

b) 在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down c) 副词only+状

语放在句首时: Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那时

他才认识到自己的错误。Only in this way can you learn maths well . 只有用这种方法你才能学好数学。d) 含有否定意义的副词或连词(如

little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than等)放在句首时:

Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我没有想到他竟能活着

回来。Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到

元旦那天才能给你礼物。Hardly had the train arrived at the

station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests. 火车刚一进站，我们就跑到卧车那儿去找我们的客人。e) 副词so或

neither(nor)在句首: He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他

对流行歌曲感兴趣，我也如此。He hasn’t been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there.他没有去过农村，他也不想去那里。

f) 在方式状语thus开头的句子中及程度状语so放句首: Thus ended his life. 这样结束了他的生命。So loudly did he speak that even

people in the next room could hear him . 他讲话的声音那样大，连隔壁屋

子里的人都听得见。

高二英语语法知识点(三) 英语中过去分词可作宾补，(此时的过去分

词一般是及物动词)表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去

分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：

She found the door broken in when she came back.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。) 一. 过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后

面。Eg:They kept the door locked for a long time. Keep your mouth shut and your eyes open.(谚语：少说多看) Don't leave such

an important thing undone. Don't leave the windows broken like

this all the time. 二.过分词用在get,have,make, 的后面。 1.注

意“have +宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：A)表"让某人做某事/让某事(被人)做" eg: I have had my bike repaired. The villagers had

many trees planted just then. B)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受..... 损失" Eg:I had my wallet stolen on a bus last month. The old man had his leg broken in the accident. He had his leg broken in the match yesterday.(MET1986) 2."make+宾语+过去

分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：They managed to make themselves understood in very simple English. I