字母发音总结字母组合发音
英语单词拼读规则表字组概念的引入字母是书写英语单词的最小单位，音素是语言中最小的发音单位。
字母分为元音字母和辅音字母两种。
英语单词中的字母和单词读音中的各个音素并不都存在着对应关系。
有时一个字母对应一个音素，有时两个或三个字母对应一个音素。
字组指的是一个或几个字母在起，发一个音素。
字组是拼读英语单词的基本单位，一个字组对应着一个音素。
字组能很好地体现出单词的拼写和读音之间的对应关系，一个字组总是对应着一个音素。
字组分为元字组和辅字组两类，元字组是对元音字母和元音字母组合的合称；辅字组是对辅音字母和辅音字母组合的合称。
字母数量少（26个），字组数量多（73个），但在同一个单词中，字组数少于或等于字母数，以字组为单位记忆单词可以减轻学习者的负担。
如chick一词，字组数是三个ch-i-ck，字母数是五个c-h-i-c-k，记忆三个字组总比记忆五个字母要容易。
字母不能很好地体现英语单词“音形一体”的特点，只有引入“字组”这一概念才能使单词的“音”与“形”统一起来。
如chick一词，如果把chick拆分开来看c-h-i-c-k，我们并不知道每个字母发什么音，只有把ch、i、ck看成字组，以字组为单位来看待这个词，才能看出词形与读音之间的对应关系，ch-i-ck 分别对应[t]、[i]和[k]音。
三个字组对应三个音素的记忆方式，比排列组合式地记忆五个字母要容易得多。
英语是一种拼音文字，认真总结单词里每个字组的读音规律，不是把单词的拼写形式与其读音联系在一起，不是在单词的拼写形式和读音之间建立一种对应关系，那么，记忆单词就要从三个方面来记忆：记词形、记词音、记词义。
掌握一定的拼读规律，可以把三个方面记忆变为两个方面。
把英语单词的拼写和读音做为一个整体来掌握，见到一个单词就可以根据其拼写形式读其音；反过来，听到一个单词的发音，就能够根据其读音拼写出这个单词来。
这样把拼写和拼读当成一个整体来对待。
记住了词形，也就记住了词音，记住了词音也就等于记住了这个词的拼写形式。
将记忆单词的三个方面（记词形、记词音、记词义）简化为“一一对应”式的记词方法。
所谓“一一对应”就是将“读音”和“拼写”看作一个整体，即“音形一体”，只要记住这个“音形一体”所对应的词义就行了。
将“记词形、记词音、记词义”简化为“记音形、记词义”。
总之，基于七十多个字组的识记单词方式，远比基于二十六个字母的识记单词方式效率高、速度快、记忆时间长。
听音知形，见形知音，音形互佐，见到一个单词能够读出来，会读的单词能够写出来。
只有充分利用英语单词拼写与读音之间的对应关系，有声地学习英语，学起来才会感到轻松、容易。
只有将单词的读音和拼写作为一个整体来掌握，才可以大大地降低识记英语单词的难度。
记忆单词不仅要记住单词的读音和拼写，还要学习其用法，了解单词的语法属性，了解单词与其他同义词、和近义词的相同之处和不同之处，也就是说仅仅只是记住单词的拼写和读音是不够的，但也就是单词的拼读问题象一座山一样，挡住了许多学习者前进的道路，他们不能轻松应对英语单词的拼读问题，也就很难进一步更深入地学习英语。
由此可见，尽早、尽快、尽可能好地掌握英语单词的拼读规律，对英语学习者来说是非常重要的。
◆◆◆首页◆◆◆1.元音字母在重读音节中的读音2.元音字母在非重读音节中的读音3.元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音4.-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音5.-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音6.元音字组在重读音节中的读音7.非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音8.元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音9.辅字组的读音◆◆◆名词解释◆◆◆◆◆◆访客留言◆◆◆英语字组表字组元字组元音字母元音字组辅字组辅音字母辅音字组元音字母: a e i/y o u元音字组: ar er ir or urare ere ire ore ureai/ay air al au/awea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ewieoa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow ourui辅音字母: b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w- x y- z辅音字组: ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- kn- -mn-ng ph qu- sh -tch th tr- -ts wh- wr-一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词编号a 在开音节中[ei] n a me pl a ne J a neb a byc a ke 1-01 在闭音节中[æ] b a gd a d h a t m a p bl a ck b a ck 1-02e 在开音节中[i:] h e th e se m e Chin e se 1-03 在闭音节中[e] b e d l e t p e n d e sk y e s e gg 1-04i 在开音节中[ai] b i ke fl y dr i ve t i me n i ce k i te 1-05 在闭音节中[i] f i sh b i g dr i nk s i t m i lk sw i m 1-06o 在开音节中[ou] th o se cl o se g o h o e h o me n o1-07 在闭音节中[] cl o ck n o t b o x sh o p s o ck 1-08u 在开音节中[ju:] st u dent exc u se d u ty T u esday 1-09 在闭音节中[] b u s c u p j u mp m u ch l u nch 1-10在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：J u ne bl u e r u lers u per1-11二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音元音字母读音例词编号a [] Chin a a nother wom a n breakf a st 2-01 [i] or a nge comr a de vill a ge cabb a ge 2-02e [] hundr e d stud e nt op e n week e nd 2-03[i] chick e n pock e t b e gin childr e n 2-04i []/[i] hol i day beaut i ful fam i ly an i mal 2-05 [ai] exerc i se satell i te 2-06o [] sec o nd t o night someb o dy welc o me 2-07 [u] als o zer o phot o2-08u[] aut u mn diffic u lt 2-09 [ju(:)] pop u lar congrat u lation Jan u ary 2-10动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：oper a te 2-11u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：J u ly infl u ence Febr u ary iss u e2-12在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[]音，也可以读作[i]音。
三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音元音字母读音例词编号a在[w]音后面[] w a nt wh a t w a tch w a sh qu a lity 3-01a在f n sk ph sp ss st th 前[α:]a fter pl a nt gr a ph a sk gr a sp gl a ss f a stf a ther3-02i在-nd -ld和gh前[ai] f i nd ch i ld l i ght h i gh 3-03 o在-st -ld前[ou] m o st p o stcard o ld c o ld 3-04 o在m n v th前[] c o me m o nkey l o ve m o ther 3-05四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词编号arar在[w]音后面[α:]c ar f ar m d ar k sh ar pener 4-01 [:] w ar m qu ar ter tow ar ds 4-02oror在[w]音后面[:] f or ty m or ning sh or t 4-03 [:] w or d w or ker w or se 4-04er ir ur [:] c er tainly b ir d Th ur sday 4-05辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。
例如：c a rry b e rry m i rror s o rry h u rry4-06 -r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[]音，例如：doll ar teach ermart yr comf or t Sat ur day4-07五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词编号are [ε] c are d are h are5-01 ere [i] h ere m ere5-02 ire [ai] f ire h ire w ire5-03 ore [:] m ore sc ore bef ore5-04 ure [ju] p ure c ure5-05 完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[]音，例如：pict ure pleas ure非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[r]音，例如：salary5-06重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。
例如：p ar e nt z er o insp ir i ng st or y d ur i ng5-07 某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。
5-08。
英文字母及字母组合发音规律
5.-ild [aild] child ; wild
6.-ind [aind] find ; kind ; mind ; wind ; (*但 window[ind])
7.-ing [iŋ] king ; wing ; sing ; doing ; making
2.ay在非重读音里[i]或[ei] Sunday ; Monday ; Tuesday ; Thursday ; Friday
3.al+绝大多数辅音字母 [ɔ:]
small ; wall ; call ; 或[ɔ: l] also ; always *al后面是k时，只发[ɔ:] talk ; walk ；chalk *al+f或m时，al发[a:] half ; calm *-al在词尾非重读[（ə）l] medal ; metal ; (例外canal运河，重音 在后[æ l])
10.-ist[i s t] 例： list ; fist ;
(四)元音字母o的组合
1.-oa在重音时[əu] boat ; coat ; road ; goat ; toad *-oar在重音时[ɔ:] 例：blackboard ;
2.-oi，-oy在重音时[ɔi] *-oy 例：boiler ; point ; join ; oil .*-oi 例：boy ; toy ; joy ; loyal
8.-(a)tion [(ei) ʃn] nation ; pronunciation ; information ； *-stion [tʃn] question *-sion [ʃn]或[ʒn] mission使命 ; precision精密
(完整版)英语常见字母组合发音大全
音标发音1 元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [i] 发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [æ ]发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man 4) [e] 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [ə:] 字母组合ir ur ear ur orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ə] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ʌ] 发音字母 u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ɔ:]字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [ɔ] 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do twotrue truth blue full12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot bookshould couldput full bull pull pushwomen whose13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母 i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合 ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [əu] 发音字母 o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ɔi] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合 eerbeer deer ear idea near here fierce19) [εə] 字母组合ear airpear bear chair air fair care there where20) [uə] hour tour poor flower shower5 字母，组合音节发音规律1）a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ:]late private grade bake grape nation station pageactive hand bank fan parent family glad flagaccept about above formative machine cinemafast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2）e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture3）i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fiancé city unit 4）o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ]lode host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest5）u [ju] [u] [ʌ] [ə]university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6）c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ŋ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] [[](美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11）y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12）ar [a:] [ə] [ɔ:]farm card garden markdollarwarm quarrel quarter13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə]cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great breakidea realize14) ear [ə:] [iə]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ə:] [ə] [iə]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singerserious experience mysterious fierce16） ere [iə] [εə]here mere fere serethere17) ir [ə:] [ai]shirt girl skirtadmire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:]room tool cool moon noon goof foodgood foot stood wood wool cook wood bookblood flooddoor floor19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ɔ:] [uə]door floormoor poor boor21) our [uə] [ɔ:]hour tour flour bourn lourpour court four mourn22) ou [au] [ʌ] [ə]house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [əu] [au]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose gose lose pose rose mouse house25) th [θ] [ð]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ʃə n] [ʒə n]propulsion tension progression passion protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion [ʃə n] [tʃə n](不常见) station nation translation attention question。
字母(组合)发音及音标发音规律
英语音标发音规律的归纳1 .元音1) [i:] 发音字母: ee ea e ie ei①字母组合ee发/i:/音，如：feed see fourteen thirteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen knee sheep meet three tree green②字母组合ea发/i:/音，如：easy sea peach speak clean eat cheap east leave leaf leaves team season tea teacher please③字母e发/i:/音，如：people me she he fever email Chinese④字母组合ie发/i:/音，如：piece field⑤字母组合ei发/i:/音，如：receive2) [i] 发音字母i y e①字母i发/i/音，如：chip instead winner ill biskuit fix animal visit bit river fifteen still American America finish dirty invent important printing print practise win finger difficult expensive village in into stick fantastic ring capital Australia lift invitation his thirty-six inside miss nothing office sandwich delicious amazing click scissors history ticket building sit picture it is big build②字母y发/i/音，如：easy lovely naughty worry twenty fifty thirty forty sixty seventy eighty ninety dirty bicycle angry only thirsty any anything every everywhere everyone country heavy stuty carrybusy history many happy dictionary③字母e发/i/音，如：elephant glasses perfect report because reply delicious return decide before planet3) [ ] 发音字母a字母a发/ /音，如：hamburger dragon man taxi Saturday apple grandparent bad had have angry ran practise happy happen matter clap fantastic planet at cspital Canada map language back granddad sandwich carry hand bag and bad black hat can4) [e] 发音字母：ea e a①字母组合ea发/e/音，如：instead head headache heavy bread pleasure②字母e发/e/音，如：get wet careful pet test clever elephant help helpful twenty them then yes yesterday second vegetable Wednesday seven seventeen seventy tell American invent went fell medicine every everyone end when message special west send restaurant sell well men qusetion sell lesson bed desk yes watermelon③字母a发/e/音,如：careful air airport any anything parent grandparent many5) [ε:] 发音字母：ir ur ear or er①字母组合ir发/ε:/音,如：bird gir thirteen thirty first dirty thirsty sir skirt circle②字母组合ur发/ε:/音,如：hamburger Thurday hurt return turn nurse③字母组合ear发/ε:/音,如：learn earth heard learnt wear④字母组合or发/ε:/音,如：work worker word world⑤字母组合er发/ε:/音,如：perfect nervous hers her serve6) [ ] 发音字母：er or ou ar o a e u①字母组合er发/ /音,如：hamburger winner computer clever driver river tiger write yesterday after paper monster water watermelon finger matter fever concert father mother sister brother worker teacher writer player shoulder another theater speaker farme②字母组合or发/ /音,如：doctor③字母组合ou发/ /音,如：nervous delicious④字母组合ar发/ /音,如：dollar⑤字母o发/ /音,如：London phone second tomorrow potato history together today⑥字母a发/ /音，如：woman policeman vegetable American away machine banane Canada Australia chocolate amazing elephant China Japen⑦字母e发/ /音，如：quiet grandparent parent different hundred happen silence broken listen⑧字母组合ur发/ /音，如：Saturday surprise⑨字母i发/ /音，如：beatiful April7) [a:] 发音字母：ar a ear①字母组合ar发/a:/音，如：hard far card postcard car farm garden②字母a发/a:/音，如：fast last after dancing glasses glass grass laugh banana class plant aunt③字母组合ear发/a:/音，如：heart8) [∧] 发音字母：u o ou oo①字母u发/∧/音，如：jump puzzle but plus fun hundred cup cut duck sun much stuty up lunch bus②字母o发/∧/音，如：love lovely worry London Monday won one everyone nothing another come mother dose brother③字母组合ou发/∧/音，如：young country cousin④字母组合oo发/∧/音，如：blood flood9) [ ]发音字母：al or au our ar aw oar oor ou a①字母组合al发/ /音，如：all also small wall talk tall hall ball call walk always②字母组合or发/ /音，如：fork shorts horse more forty wore bored before for report sport north short airport③字母组合au发/ /音，如：caught④字母组合oar发/ /音，如：board roar⑤字母组合ar发/ /音，如：warm law⑥字母组合aw发/ /音，如：saw⑦字母组合our发/ /音，如：four fourteen yours course⑧字母组合oor发/ /音，如：door floor⑨字母组合ou发/ /音，如：bought thought⑩字母a发/ /音，如：water watermelon10) [ ] 发音字母o a①字母o发/ /音，如：chopsticks shop cough from clock tomorrow monster cost concert office borrow chocolate solve of hot lost lot fox fox not②字母a发/ /音，如：wash watch Astralia because sausage11) [u:] 发音字母：oo o u ou ew ui①字母组合oo发/u:/音，如：soon food tooth toothbrush toothache shoose too moon room zoo②字母o发/u:/音，如：who whose to into do two③字母u发/u:/音，如：rule flute true blue full④字母组合ou发/u:/音，如：group⑤字母组合ew发/u:/音，如：drew⑥字母组合ui发/u:/音，如：fruit juice12) [u] 发音字母：oo oul u o①字母组合oo发/u/音，如：look took good book foot②字母组合oul发/u/音，如：should would could③字母u发/u/音，如：put full pull④字母o发/u/音，如：women wolf13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai ey ei①字母a发/ei/音，如：make cake game race take April paper ate skate made came potato space safe amazing name cake late skate ice-skating②字母组合ay发/ei/音，如：way always may maybe say day Monday Tuseday Wedneday Thurday Friday Satuiday Sunday play playground player③字母组合ea发/ei/音，如：break great④字母组合ai发/ei/音，如：wait email rain paint⑤字母组合ey发/ei/音，如：they⑥字母组合ei发/ei/音，如：eight eighteen eighty14) [ai] 发音字母i y①字母i发/ai/音，如：knife idea like Friday nice quiet wade high tiger writer nine nineteen ninety quite find bike bicycle climbice-skating ride silence lie China Chinese surprise night time sometime mine fire line kind fine die hi high night②字母y发/ai/音，如：shy try why cry reply my eye fly15) [au] 发音字母：ou ow①字母组合ou发/au/音，如：mouse loud round mountain thousand proud south house out②字母组合ow发/au/音，如：now brown flower down how town16) [ ] 发音字母o ow oa ou①字母o发/ /音，如：no cold stone old phone also go over gold only both potato drove broken hope home②字母组合ow发/ /音，如：row kown show③字母组合oa发/ /音，如:boat coat④字母组合ou发/ /音，如：shoulder17) [ ] 发音字母：oy oi①字母组合oy发/ /音，如：boy toy joy②字母组合oi发/ /音，如：point voice coin choice18) [ ] 发音字母：eer ear ere ea ie①字母组合eer发/ /音，如：beer deer②字母组合ear发/ /音，如：dear year hear near ear③字母组合ere发/ /音，如：here④字母组合ea发/ /音，如：idea⑤字母组合ie发/ /音，如：fierce19) [ ] 发音字母：ear air ere are①字母组合ear发/ /音，如：pear bear wear②字母组合air发/ /音，如：air airport chair pair repair③字母组合ere发/ /音，如：there where④字母组合are发/ /音，如：careful share20) [ ] 发音字母：our oor ure①字母组合our发/ /音，如：tour tourlist②字母组合oor发/ /音，如：poor③字母组合ure发/ /音，如：sure cure2．辅音1) [p] 字母p或者字母组合pp发/p/①字母p发/p/音，如：chopsticks people chips jump shop computer pet airport plus phone policeman pear peach parent grandparent april paper print printing cup practise potato perfect cheap upon sheep clap pround surprise special report space planet capital map postcart playground reply point player place hope piece paper pen bus②字母组合pp发/p/音，如：happy happen2) [b] 字母b或者字母组合bb发/b/①字母b发/b/音，如：hamburger boat biscuit but bit beauiful vegetable bike bicycle bought climb break difficult bored before banana because back both blind borrow broken brown build building busy book big②字母组合bb发/b/音，如：bubble3) [t] 字母t或者字母组合tt发/t/①字母t发/t/音，如：chopsticks fast instead naughty boat late get wet shorts biscuit computer pet stomach test elephant sport visit taxi airport Saturday but bit quiet quite twenty tiger writer fruit fourteen thirteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen atparent grandparent beautiful yesterday first vegetable last tomorrow take after Tuesday fifty forty thirty sixty seventy eighty ninety tell still dirty invent important print printing went great ate bought ice-skating hurt learnt skate took take monster last practice pue water watermelon cut matter tooth toothbrush toothache potato wait difficult perfect cost shout to too two into concert report stick fantastic meet planet night east west capital postcard restaurant lift time sometimes invitation skirt point team study flute return sent get chocilate thought theater history ticket②字母组合tt发/t/音，如：pretty little kitty4) [d] 字母d或者字母组合dd发/d/①字母d发/d/音，如：hard food idea insead feed head headache day Monday cold loud wide old round hard good grandparent yesterday second find difficult different dancing dirty had gold made said ride medicine duck thousand bored field end pround Canada send postcard granddad playground blind inside bored kind sandwich delicious shoulder hand build building②字母组合dd发/d/音，如：add kiddy5) [k] 发音字母：k c x ch ck①字母k发/k/音，如：fork make cake lake work worker speak milk take ice-skating skate took break look skirt kind broken thank think ②字母c发/k/音，如：can biscuit careful clever cold cough clock second America clean bicycle climb cut difficult perfect cost concert clap class fantastic country couzin capital Canada because card postcard chocolate circle③字母x发/k/音，如：fix fox box④字母组合ch发/k/音，如：school⑤字母组合ck发/k/音，如：chopsticks clock duck stick back6) [g] 字母g或者字母组合gg发/g/①字母g发/g/音，如：hamburger dragon get game tiger orange good grandparent granddad go gold angry finger glass glasses grass language playground get girl give②字母组合gg发/g/音，如：egg piggy7) [m] 字母m或者字母组合mm发/m/①字母m发/m/音，如：hamburger make jump game computer mouse animal man woman more from may maybe policeman them milk Monday American important climb mountain made monster came matter machine time sometimes message meet moon map muchmany my mine team miss mom morning come email zmazing men women room②字母组合mm发/m/音，如：summer mummy8) [n] 发音字母：n nn kn gn①字母n发/n/音，如：instead naughty dragon can win winner stone animal elephant man woman train nice twenty London no now new round policeman orange forteen fifteen grandparent then fun second find Monday nine ninety hundred soon dancing American clean finish learn invent national important print went mountain only monster ran run won happen watermelon medicine machine any anything silence expensive thousand everyone concert Chinese nervous when fantastic sun pianet banana country Cananda north send restaurant plauground night invitation mine point blind inside line nothing kind parent return sandwich fine sent season broken brown hand another on men wamen②字母组合nn发/n/音，如：sunnny banner③字母组合kn发/n/音，如；knee knife④字母组合gn发/n/音，如：gnaw9) [ ] 发音字母：n ng①字母n发/ /音，如：angry finger English think thank uncle②字母ng发/ /音，如：young ice-skating anything something ring language nothing zmazing building dancing printing sing morning10) [l] 字母l或者字母组合ll发/l/①字母l发/l/音，如：people lovely lake careful puzzle clever animal elephant long always loud plus helpful old London clock lot lots poleceman apple floor last April clean learn bicycle climb gold only last watermelon glass glasses class silence difficult wolf look village field laugh lie clap special planet capital Astralia language leave leaves play playground life lift reply laugh blind special line should rule flute player email delicious chocolate shoulder place circle build building click long world lie②字母组合ll发/l/音，如：ill all tell still wall fall fell sell well ball11) [r] 发音字母：r rr wr①字母r发/r/音，如：row Friday race from river fruit orange grandparent granddad tomorrow Apirl American print printing great angly cry ran run ride grass everyone surpise report restaurant reply return break broken brown toothbrush read red②字母组合发/r/音，如：worry carry③字母组合wr发/r/音，如：write writer12) [f] 发音字母：f ff gh ph①字母f发/f/音，如：knife fork fast food feed far fix from future fruit four fourteen forty fifteen fifty floor find fun first after fall fell finger fever perfect wolf after field before fanfastic safe fire fine five fly life②字母组合ff发/f/音，如：different off difficult③字母组合gh发/f/音，如：laugh④字母组合ph发/f/音，如：elephant phone photo13) [v] 字母v或者字母组合vv发/v/①字母v发/v/音，如：love lovely visit river seven seventeen seventy very vegetable invent fever village everyone nervous leaves heavy invitation drove solve evening over②字母组合vv发/v/音，如：divvy14) [s] 发音字母：s ss c ce se①字母s发/s/音，如：chopsticks chips instead shorts see saw biscuit stomach stone sea Saturday plus six seven speak say fast second first last soon still also yeaterday ice-skating skate said monster thirsty sir silence expensive cost nervous surprise special stick fantastic space sun east west south Astralia send restaurant sell sometimes inside safe stuty sausage sandwich delicious sent season solve scissors history question sit student caps②字母组合ss发/s/音，如：glass glasses class grass message miss③字母c发/s/音，如：dancing bicycle medicine concert CD exercise city④字母组合ce发/s/音，如：race nice ice-skating silence space office place piece juice⑤字母组合se发/s/音，如：mouse horse practise exercicise course15) [z] 发音字母：z se s zz①字母z发/z/音，如：amazing zoo zero②字母组合se发/z/音，如：use glasses choose Chinese surprise because leaves whose those nose③字母s发/z/音，如：easy visit always Wednesday Thursday thousand cousin sometimes yours hers his season busy scissors bags caps dogs④字母组合zz发/z/音，如：puzzle buzz16) [ ] 字母组合th发/ /音，如：them then another17) [ ] 字母组合th发/ /音，如：thirty thirsty thirteen Thursday tooth toothbrush toothache anythingthousand north south both nothing thought theatre this that these those think three thank mouth18) [∫] 发音字母：sh tion s ch c①字母组合sh发/∫/音，如：short shop shy finish wash shout show sheep should shoulder toothbrush ship she②字母组合tion发/∫/音，如：invitation national③字母s发/∫/音，如：sure④字母组合ch发/∫/音，如:machine⑤字母c发/∫/音，如:special delicious19) [ ] 字母组合ur发/ /音，如：pleasure20) [h] 发音字母：h wh①字母h发/h/音，如：如：hard hamburger head headache horse helpful high hundrend hurt happen heavy hear hand hope history hot home house how②字母组合wh发/h/音，如：who whose21) [w] 发音字母：w wh①字母w发/w/音，如：wet win winner worry twenty wide work Wednesday wash wall went away won well water watermelon wait wolf west watch we②字母组合wh发/w/音，如：why when what where22) [j] 字母y发/j/音，如：young yesterday year you yours yellow23) [t∫] 发音字母：ch tch①字母组合ch发/ t∫/音，如：chopsticks chips peach cheap China Chinese much chocolate lunch teach teacher②字母组合tch发/ t∫/音，如：watch catch match24) [ ] 发音字母：ge j g ch①字母组合ge发/ /音，如：orange vegetable villiage age message language sausage②字母j发/ /音，如：jump joy July June③字母g发/ /音，如：gym④字母组合ch发/ /音，如：sandwich25) [tr] 字母组合tr发/tr/音，如：try train tree Astralia country26) [dr] 字母组合dr发/dr/音，如：dragon hundred dream drink27) [ts] 字母组合ts发/ts/音，如：shorts students boats lots28) [dz] 字母组合ds发/ds/音，如：goods woods1、英语音标发音表关于语音的几个概念:音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2)辅音+元音he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音it is of in on up out ant英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。
元音字母组合发音
(5)、ex分别读作 [iks ]，例: excuse, express, expensive; [eks], 例: expert, extra , excellent [igz] , 例: exact, examine, example
三、字母i的组合
(1)、ie 分别读作 [i:]，例: piece, thief, field; 例外: friend[e] [ai], 例: die, lie, tie;例外: quiet, society[aiə] (2)、igh读作[ai]，例: dight, high, hight, night (3)、ire读作[aiə]，例: fire, hire, tire, admire (4)、io读作[aiə]，例: lion (5)、ir读作[ə:]，例: girl, bird, first, dirty, third
(2)、ee读作[i: ]，例: meet, see, tree, street, deep
(3)、ear分别读作 [iə ]，例: ear, hear, clear, nearly; 例外：heart[a:] [ə:], 例: earn, learn , heard [εə] , 例: wear, bear
练习
（D）1. A. giant B. diary C. diamond D. piano （D）2. A. believe B. piece C. field D. science
四、字母o的组合
(1)、oa 读作[əu]，例: coat, road, load; 例外: broad[ɔ:] (2)、oi(oy)读作[ɔi]，例: oil, noise, voice, boy, joy, toilet (3)、oo常读作[u:]，例: school, fool, loom, soon, zoo oo在k和d前读作[u],例: look, took, cook，good oo前是l后是d时读作[ʌ],例: blood, flood
初中英语字母及字母组合发音规律整理大全
nap lip tap lab bat bat fit rat zed kid kid kin fat fan van vet zed zen hat him hot run rat jet jam
l
/ ǀ/
m
/m/
n
/n/
w
/ w/
3. 变化的辅音的发音规律：
变化
的辅 c
/s/
音字
母
/ k/
g
/dʒ/
/g/
q
/ kw/
x
/ ks/
/gz/
s
/s/
/z/
lam lab lot map man him ten nap win wet
cycle nice rice(在“e、i、y 前”)
fact came cute age gym gin get gift foggy(不在字母“e、i、y 前”)
quit quick quiz (跟字母“u”) next box text fox
重音 在自 身上
-oo, -oon -ee, -eer
-ese
-oo—/u:/ -oon—/u:n/
-ee—/i:/ -eer—/ɪə/ -ese—/i:z/
bamboo cartoon employee engineer Chinese
重音在
-tion, -sion
-tion—/ʃn/或/tʃn/ invention
/kr/ cry
ph
/f/ photo
pr
/pr/ price
sl
/sǀ/ slow
gl
/gl/ glass
wr
/ r/ write
fr
/fr/ friend
英语组合发音规则表
英语组合发音规则表英语组合发音规则表如下：1. 辅音字母 + 辅音字母：- ck: /k/（如：clock）- ng: /ŋ/（如：song）- th: /θ/或/ð/（如：thin或this）- sh: /ʃ/（如：sheep）- ch: /tʃ/（如：chair）- ph: /f/（如：phone）- gh: /f/、/g/或/silent/（如：enough、ghost或night）- wh: /w/（如：white）2. 辅音字母 + 元音字母：- ea: /iː/或/ɛ/（如：tea或bread）- oo: /uː/或/ʊ/（如：moon或book）- ou: /aʊ/（如：house）- oi: /ɔɪ/（如：coin）- ay: /eɪ/（如：say）- oy: /ɔɪ/（如：toy）- ow: /aʊ/（如：how）3. 元音字母 + 辅音字母：- ai: /eɪ/（如：rain）- ee: /iː/（如：tree）- ey: /iː/、/eɪ/或/ɛ/（如：monkey、key或grey）- oa: /əʊ/（如：boat）- ie: /aɪ/或/iː/（如：pie或chief）- ue: /uː/、/ʊ/或/juː/（如：blue、crue或cue）- ar: /ɑː/（如：car）- er: /ər/（如：teacher）- ir: /ɜː/或/aɪ/（如：bird或third）- or: /ɔː/（如：fork）- ur: /ɜː/（如：burgur）4. 其他规则：- ie和ei在单词中发音为/iː/（如：believe）。
- au和aw在单词中发音为/ɔː/（如：auto）。
- oi和oy在单词中发音为/ɔɪ/（如：coin）。
- y在辅音前发音为/i/，在元音前发音为/ai/或/i/（如：by或try）。
请注意，这只是一些常见的组合发音规则表，英语中还有很多例外情况和变体发音。
英语字母组合发音规律全集
英语字母组合发音规律全集短元音 a e i o u 的发音规律如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音, 且元音不在末尾，这个元音一般发短音.1）短元音：a [æ]: b a g c a t m a t m a p a pple b a t h a t f a n h a nd St a n h a ppy2）短元音：e [e]：e gg w e ll r e d p e n n e t h e n b e d b e ll b e st 3）短元音：i [i]：l i ck s i x b i b p i g p i n k i ss i nk h i ll4）短元音：o [ɔ]：p o t o x t o p d o g f o x b o x l o st t o p5）短元音：u [ʌ]：s u n u mbrella c u p b u s n u t g u n u ncle u ndery在末尾(作为元音处理）：1）单音节词, 没有其他元音，y发[ai]y [ai]: m y, wh y, fl y sp y sk y sh y cr y m y t y pe dr y2）多音节词, y发[i]y [i]:pupp y dirt y rain y sunn y happ y bab y dizz y pon y ey [i]:monk ey turk ey jock ey donk ey k ey hock ey mon ey如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾，这个元音一般发长音（其字母音）如：me, she, hi, go,baby, table一个单词或音节里有两个元音时，一般来说，前边一个元音发长音（其字母音），后边一个元音不发音．长元音1：Magic E (神奇的E) a-e ，e-e，i-e, o-e，u-e 发音规律1)长元音：[ei]: a-e sp a c e c a k e sn a k e l a k e pl a n e n a m e wh a l e gr a p e c a g e（c a fé）2)长元音：[i:]e-e th e se Japan e se Chin e se3)长元音：[ai]i-e b i t e f i v e n i n e k i t e m i n e n i c e r i d e s i d e4)长元音：[əu]o-e r o s e n o s e r o p e n o t e p o seh o m e r o d e th o s e5)长元音：[ju:]u-e t u b e c u b e J u n e c u t e h u g e长元音2：ai ayee ea ie igh oa ow oe ui ue发音规律ai[ei] : p ai nt p ai n t ai l r ai n n ai l m ai d j ai l r ai lay[ei] : r ay s ay b ay w ay h ay l ay m ay p ayee[i:] : b ee p ee l r ee ds ee l s ee t ee th j ee p f ee tea[i:] : p ea nut m ea t ea gle s ea l ea f p ea p ea ch t eaie[ai] : t ie p ie l ie d ieigh[ai]: igh t s igh t n igh t t igh t l igh t s igh f igh t h igh oa [ou] : c oa t t oa st r oa d b oa t c oa l g oa t t oa d s oa pow [ou] : yell ow pill ow r ow rainb ow b ow lwind ow holl ow l owoe [ou] ：d oe, h oe, t oeui [ju:] : s ui t j ui ce fr ui tue [ju:] : bl ue gl ue s ue带元音的特殊读法or ar ur ir erear er发音规律or[ɔ:]:p or k p or ch h or se h or n c or n f or k m or ningor[ə:]:w or k w or m w or ldar[a:]:ar m c ar d ar m c ar c ar t p ar k g ar den f ar mur[ə:]:h ur t t ur key t ur tle s ur fing n ur se p ur se f urir[ə:]:b ir thday c ir cus d ir ty b ir d c ir cle d ir t g ir ler[ə:]:m er maid t er m h er n er d s er veear[ə:]:l ear n ear n ear th h ear der[ə]:sist er broth er mark er roost er und er moth er win t er带元音的特殊读法单元音au aw oo ea all发音规律au[ɔ:]:au gust s au sage s au ce n au ghty au tumn appl au seaw[ɔ:]:s aw p aw dr aw str aw berrystr aw l aw n※oo[u:]:m oo n z oo r oo f r oo ster sp oo n r oo m b oo ts f oo d ※oo[u]:b oo k c oo kie w oo ds w oo l h oo k l oo k f oo t c oo kea[e]:h ea d sw ea ter sw ea t l ea ther f ea ther l ea dall[ɔ:]：w all f all b all c all t all带元音的特殊读法双元音ou ow oi oy ew 发音规律ou [au] m ou th ou t h ou se c ou nt sh ou t m ou seow [au]:cl ow n c ow ow l t ow el fl ow er t ow er cr ow n br ow noi [ɔi]:c oi n oi l p oi nt n oi se p oi son c oi l b oi l s oi loy [ɔi]:oy ster b oy s oy t oyew [ju:]:n ew neph ew n ew spaper f ew d ew vi ew带元音的特殊读法双元音are air ire ear eer 发音规律are[ɛə]: c are sh are sc are d areair[ɛə]: h air air rep airire[aiə]: f ire w ireear [iə]: n ear t ear d ear cl ear y ear h eareer [iə]: d eer b eer ch eer s engin eer pion eer volunt eer辅音字母组合构成的一种单音1.ch sh wh ph th kn wr 发音规律ch[ʧ] :bea ch lun ch ch eeseben ch ch air ch erry ch urch ch ickensh[ʃ]:sh eep sh irt sh ip fi sh sh oes di sh pu shwh[w]:wh eel wh ite wh ale wh eat wh eel wh isper wh ip wh istleph [f]:ele ph ant ph oto tele ph oneth[ð]:bro th er fea th er lea th er fa th er mo th erth[θ]:th umb ba th mat th ree th irsty mou th tee th th ief ba thkn[n]:kn it kn ob kn ee kn ife kn ockwr[r]:wr ite wr ist wr inkle wr ap wr eath2．gh mb ck qu ge dge 发音规律gh [g]: gh ostmb [b]: co mb la mbck [k]:qui ck bla ck si ck du ck lu ck lo ck che ck ba ckqu[ku]: qu ite qu ick qu it qu iltge [ʤ]: pa ge oran ge a gedge [ʤ]: bri dge ve ge table ju dge3．bl fl pl cl gl 发音规律bl: bl ue bl ack bl ouse bl oom bl each bl anket bl onde fl: fl at fl u fl y fl ame fl ute fl oor fl ag fl owerpl: pl ane pl ay pl us pl anet pl atform pl um pl ate pl an tcl: cl ock cl oud cl ean cl ay cl imb cl ose cl ap cl own gl: gl ove gl obe gl ass gl ue gl asses4．br cr gr pr fr 发音规律br: br ight br ook br im br ide br own br ead br ick br oth ercr: cr own cr ab cr eam cr ow cr ayon cr ocodile cr ygr: gr ay gr een gr ass gr apes gr ound gr ow gr andmapr: pr ixe pr ice pr awn pr ess pr ince pr incess pr ay fr: fr og fr ost Fr iday Fr ench fr ies fr uit fr ont fr i end fr ame5．st sc sk sp sm sn sl sw 发音规律st: st udent st op st eel st ory st ar st yle st and st ea msc: sc are sc ab sc ar sc old sc an sc oop sc alesk:sk ate sk ip sk i sk y sk in sk ill sk eleton sk im sp:sp ider sp eak sp y sp ring sp oon sp eed sp r ay sp insm: sm oke sm ile sm ell sm all sm art sm ash sm ock sm earsn:sn ow sn ail sn ap sn ake sn acksl:sl im sl eep sl ap sl op sl ick sl ow sl a m sl avesw: sw itch sw allow sw an sw im sw eet sw ing sw eater sw eat6．tr dr str ng ing发音规律tr：tr ee tr y tr ain tr uck tr ustdr;dr y dr ink dr eam dr aw dr essstr: str eet str ait str ictng: so ng lo ng lu ng you ng stro nging:r ing morn ing even ing w ing k ing s ing br ing spr ing sw ingA、音素：语音的最小单位。
字母组合发音规律
二发元音字母的组合这种字母组合主要有两种构成：元音字母+元音字母，元音字母+辅音字母。
下面是详细内容：ai、ay:/ei/ 比如：wait,plain,stain;play,clay,gay,pray.au、aw/⊃:/ 比如：caugh,caught,taught；draw,lawn.al/⊃:/、/a:/ 比如：talk,walk；palm,calm.ar/a:/ 比如：park,bark,mark,harm.ea/i:/ 比如：seat,tea,beach,meat.ee/i:/ 比如：jeep,deep,indeed,see,flee.oa/∂u/ 比如：throat,boat,coat.oo/u:/ 比如(长音，大多数情况下)：boot,shoot.（字母k之前，发短音，）/u/,比如：cook,hook,look.ou/au/ 比如:outside,cloud,mouth.oi、oy/⊃i/ 比如：boil,oil;toy,boy.or/⊃：/、/∂：/ 比如：tort;worm,work,wordew/ju:/ 比如：new,nephew,few.ow/au/、/∂u/ 比如：down,town,cow；crow,grow,blow.all/⊃:l/ 比如：tall,hall,mall,ball.ank/æηk/ 比如：tank,thank.ass/a:s/ 比如：grass,class,glass,brass.ask/a:sk/ 比如：task,mask,basket.air/ε∂/ 比如：hair,air,pair.are/ε∂/ 比如：hare,mare,bare,glare.ear/i∂/、/∂：/ 比如：hear,tear,clear；heard,learn.igh/ai/ 比如：thigh,tight,high.二发辅音字母的组合ch/t∫/,比如：chalk,chain,check,chair.ck/k/,比如：attack,cock,knock.dge/dз/,比如：bridge,knowledge.ge/dз/,比如：age,cage,gorge.kn/n/,比如：know,knock,knight.ng/η/,比如：cling,sing,english.nk/ηk/,比如：ink,think,blink.ph/f/,比如：physics,photo.qu/kw/,比如：queue,quest,require.sh/∫/,比如：shit,sheep,shop，cash,rubbish,wash.sion/∫∂n/,比如：tension,decision,revision.tch/t∫/,比如：catch,match.th/θ/、/ ð/,,比如：think,thing;those,that,this.tion/∫∂n/,比如：attention,position.ture/t∫∂/,比如：manufacture,torture.wh/w/、/h/,比如：when,where,why；whose,whole,whom.这些总结并不能包括所有字母组合，但是已经是大部分了。
字母组合发音规则
字母组合发音规则字母组合的发音规则可以总结如下：1. 辅音字母组合：- ck：读作/k/，如back（/bæk/）；- ch：读作/tʃ/，如chat（/tʃæt/）；- th：读作/θ/（声音发自舌尖）或/ð/（声音发自舌根），如think（/θɪŋk/）和that（/ðæt/）；- sh：读作/ʃ/，如ship（/ʃɪp/）；- ng：读作/ŋ/，如song（/sɔŋ/）。
2. 元音字母组合：- ea：通常读作/iː/，如tea（/tiː/）；- ai：读作/eɪ/，如rain（/reɪn/）；- oo：可以读作/uː/（长音）或/ʊ/（短音），如moon（/muːn/）和book（/bʊk/）；- ie：读作/aɪ/，如pie（/paɪ/）；- ou：可以读作/aʊ/（如found /faʊnd/）或/uː/（如you /juː/）。
3. 辅音和元音组合：- er：可以读作/ər/（如her /hər/）或/ɜː/（如bird /bɜːrd/）；- ar：读作/ɑː/，如car（/kɑːr/）；- or：读作/ɔː/，如fork（/fɔːrk/）；- ou：读作/aʊ/，如house（/haʊs/）。
需要注意的是，英语中的发音规则是有例外的。
在不同的单词和语境下，有些字母组合可能会有不同的发音。
此外，还有一些常见的字母组合没有固定的发音规则，需要通过记忆来掌握，比如"ough"在不同的词中可以读作不同的音，如through（/θruː/）和enough（/ɪˈnʌf/）。
因此，在学习英语的发音时，需要综合考虑字母组合的规则和具体的词汇和语境。
字母的发音规则总结
字母的发音规则总结元音字母： A E I (Y) O U读音：/ei/ /i:/ /ai/ / əu/ /ju:/字母A1、一般情况在重读闭音节中发[ æ]：carry, manage在重读开音节中发[ ei ]：name, gate在非重读音节中发[ i/Ι]或[ ə]：temperature, orange, surface, probably,Explanation2、特殊情况：1) 重读音节中发[ e ]：any, anything, anybody, anywhere, anyone, anyway,anyhow, many2) 重读闭音节w后发[ ɔ/ɒ]wash, watch, quantity, quality；注意：water[ ɔ：]3、组合：1) ai/ay在重读音节中发[ ei ]：delay, wait, praise在非重读音节中发[ ə]：curtain, certain, Britain[ i/Ι]：fountain,mountain, captain, bargain 特殊情况：在said 和says 中发[ e ]2) au 在重读音节中[ ɔ：]：daughter, cause, autumn；特殊情况：[ a：]：aunt, laugh3) aw在重读音节中发[ ɔ：]：law, draw, dawn4）al在l/k前发[ ɔ：]：talk, walk, wall在f/m前发[ a：]：half, calm在其它辅音字母前发[ ɔ：l ]：always, also, salt字母E1、一般情况在重读闭音节中发[ e ]：rest, recognize在重读开音节中发[ i：]：complete, these, meter, fever, secret在非重读音节中发[ i/Ι]或[ ə]：toilet, repeat, present2、组合：1) ea在重读音节中发[ i：]：meat, leave[ e ]：bread, feather, sweater, breakfast特殊情况：[ iə]：theatre, idea, area, real,really, realize;[ ei ]：break, breakthrough, great2) ee在重读音节中发[ i：]：green, sheep, bee, sleep, sheet3) ei/ey在重读音节中发[ ei ]：eight, grey, neighbour, weight[ ai ]：height, neither, either[ i：]：key, receive, seize, ceiling4) ew在重读音节中发[ ju：]，l, r , j后发[ u：]：new, few, flew, threw; 注意：sew[ əu ]5) ex读音有三种，重读在此发[ eks ]：exercise, exhibition重读不在此有两种发音：元音前面发[ igz ]：exam, exist辅音前面发[ iks ]：explain, excuse字母I/Y1、一般情况在重读闭音节中发[ i/Ι]：mirror, physics, official在重读开音节中发[ ai ]：hi, like, type在非重读音节中发[ i/Ι]或[ ə]：basin, terrible2、特殊情况：重读闭音节发[ai ]：climb, island, sign, sigh, frighten, sight, light, bright, flight重读开音节发[ i：]：police, machine, magzine, technique; 注意：give[ i/Ι] 3、组合：1) ia/ie/io在重读音节中发[ aiə]：dialogue, quiet, pioneer, society, variety,science在轻读音节中发[ iə]：India, immediate2) ie在重读音节中发[ ai ]：tie, die, lie[ i：]：field, piece, believe, achieve注意：friend[ e ]字母O1、一般情况在重读闭音节中发[ ɔ/ɒ]：follow, collar, sorry, common[ ʌ]：comfort, company, worry[ əu ]：comb, only, progress, motor, moment在重读开音节中发[ əu ]：drove, alone, bone在非重读音节中发[ ə]：pilot, apologize, occur2、特殊情况：重读开音节发[ ʌ]：glove, none, some, above, come[ u：]：prove, improve, move, remove, lose, shoe 注意：gone[ ɔ/ɒ], once[ wʌ], woman[ u ]women[ i/Ι]3、组合：1) ou在重读音节中发[ au ]：mouse, found, ground, mountain, plough,trousers, thousand, south 发[ ʌ]：country, young, courage/encourage, southern, couple, cousin, double, enough, rough, touch, trouble发[ u：]：youth, wound, group, soup;在ought中发[ ɔ：]：thought, bought, fought注意：[ əu]soul/shoulder/though；[ u ]could/would/should；[ u：]through；[ ɔ/ɒ]cough2) oo在重读音节中发[ u：]：room, food[ u ]：stood, good, wood, foot, wool, cook 在非重读音节中发[ u ]：classroom注意：flood/blood[ ʌ]3) oa在重读音节中发[ əu ]：goat, soap, float[ ɔ：]：broad, abroad, broadcast4) oi/oy在重读音节中发[ ɔi ]：oil, toilet, coin, boil, toy, employ, soil5) ow在重读音节中发[ au ]：cow, crowd, nowadays, drown, downow重读及非重读音节中发[ əu ]：know, bowl, borrow, follow字母U1、一般情况在重读闭音节中发[ ʌ]：hurry, punish, club, pump[ u ]：bush, push, pull, butcher(多在p/b后)在重读开音节中发[ ju：]：refuse, useful在r, l, j后发[ u：]：rule, ruler, June, include, true在非重读音节中发[ i/Ι]/[ ə]：minute, success, support, century[u], natural 2、特殊情况：重读闭音节发[ju：]/[u：]：usually, music, pupil, human, universe, truth 注意：[ e ]bury；[ i/Ι]：busy, business3、组合：ui在重读音节中发[ u：]juice, fruit; 发[ ju：]suit, suitcase;发[ i/Ι]：build, guitar(可视为u不发音) 注意：ruin[ u:i ]R音节1、R音节在非重读音节中发[ ə]：doctor, offer, effort, particular, surprise,Saturday, forward, upwards2、er/ir/ur 在重读音节中发[ з:/ə：]：clerk, term, bird, girl, circle, church,disturb, further1)er 后面有元音时发[ іə]：serious, experience注意：every, difference, interest其中的e不发音其变体ear/eer/ere发[ іə]：merely, here , beard, hear, deer, beerear/ere发[εə/ eə]：nowhere, therefore, pear, bear, wearear[ ə：/з：]：heard, learn, early, earth, earn, search, research注意：heart[ a：], were[ ə：/з：]2)其变体ire后面发[ aіə]：fire, tyre, tired, require, entire, hire, desire,admire,wire3)ur后面有元音时发[ juə]：curious, during其变体ure在重读音节中：sure[ uə], cure/pure[ juə]3、or在重读音节中发[ ɔ：]：short, morning, worn[ з：/ə：]：work, worst, world, word(多在w后) 在后面有元音时发[ ɔ/ɒ]：majority, foreign其变体oor/oar均发[ ɔ：]：door, floor, board, blackboard注意：poor[ uə], cupboard[ ə](非重读)其变体our发[ ɔ：]：course, courtyard, pour, fourth[ auə]：hour, flour, ours[ з：/ə：]：journey [ uə]：tour在非重读音节中发[ ə]：favour, honour4、ar在重读音节中发[ a：]：cigar, carpet在[w]后面时发[ ɔ：]：warm, warn, quarter, war, toward在后面有元音时发[ εə/ eə]：parent, various, area, librarian其变体are/air均发[ εə/ eə]：repair, unfair, prepare部分辅音字母的发音e / i / y前[ s ]：circle, accept1、c ia/ie/io/ea前[ ∫ ]：precious, ocean, official, special其它情况[ k ]：could, physics, electric[ k ]：stomach, chemistry, Christmas, ache, schoolch [ t∫ ]：Chinese, benchsandwich[ dӡ], machine[ ∫ ]2、动词加ed后，清辅音后[ t ]，浊辅音及元音后[ d ]，t和d后[ id ]：asked,stayed, armed, waited, needede/i/y前发[ dӡ]：page, imagine, energy, danger3、g gn/gh中不发音：sign, through, straight, though…其它情况[ g ]：pig, cigar, league, golden, glad, greetgh组合[ f ]：rough, laugh, cough, enough[g/k]前发[ n ]：thank, uncle, finger, anxious…mn在词尾时中不发音：autumn4、n 其它情况[ n ]：envelope, enemy, paint…ng组合发[ ŋ ]：long, length, tongue, clothing, singer…[ ŋg ]：English, England, finger, anger, angry, language, single5、s[ s ]：Sunday, newspaper, base, case, course, goose, increase, practise,promise, purpose, purse, serious, useful[ z ]：husband, present, news, advise, because, blouse, cause, cheese, choose, close, desease, excuse, exercise, lose, noise, nose, pause, praise, raise,rise, refuse, rose, whose, wise[ ∫ ]：Asia, Russia, sure, sugar, dicussion, expression, possession[ ӡ]：pleasure, measure, treasure, usually, television, decisionsc组合：e/i/y前发[ s ]：scene, science, scientist, scientific其它发[ sk ]：scold, score, scream, biscuit, describe, description…(e)s：动词或名词后加(e)s，清辅音后面发[ s ]，浊辅音及元音后面发[ z ]，s, x, z, sh, ch或[ s / z / ∫ / t∫ / dӡ]后面的es读[ iz ]：guesses, houses, boxes, watches, pages, fishes 注意：stomachs另：paths, houses, baths, youths, mouths等s前的清辅音浊化。