网络功能虚拟化技术研究综述

计算机研究与发展DOI :10.7544∕issn 1000‐1239.2018.20170937Journal of Computer Research and Development 55(4):675688,2018 收稿日期:2017-12-05;修回日期:2018-02-05

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(61625203);国家重点研发计划项目(2017Y FB 0803202,2016Y FC 0901605);北京市科技计划项目

(Z 171100005217001)

T his w ork w as supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61625203),the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017Y FB 0803202,2016Y FC 0901605),and the Science and T echnology Program of Beijing (Z 171100005217001).

通信作者:徐明伟((x mw @tsinghua .edu .cn )网络功能虚拟化技术研究综述

周伟林

1 杨 芫2,3 徐明伟2,31

(北京邮电大学网络技术研究院 北京 100876)2

(清华大学计算机科学与技术系 北京 100084)3(北京信息科学与技术国家研究中心 北京 100084)

(zhou _weilin @bupt .edu .cn )

NetworkFunctionVirtualizationTechnologyResearch

Zhou Weilin 1,Yang Yuan 2,3,and Xu Mingw ei 2,31

(InstituteofNetworkingTechnology,BeijingUniversityofPostsandTelecommunications,Beijing100876)2

(DepartmentofComputerScienceandTechnology,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084)3(BeijingNationalResearchCenterforInformationScienceandTechnology,Beijing100084)

Abstract Netw ork function virtualization (NFV )is a technology that realizes netw ork functions based on virtualization technology and standard commercial servers ,switches ,and storage ,so as to substitute traditional middleboxes that are dedicated devices .NFV is proposed to save construction and operation cost for network service providers .NFV can also improve flexibility and scalability of network services ,and can motivate development and deployment of new netw ork functions .Currently ,NFV is still under developing ,and problems remain in system performance ,management and orchestration ,reliability ,availability ,security ,and programmability .T here have been a number of studies to address these problems .In this paper ,we review the NFV architecture and basic technologies ,and summarize the key problems to be solved .T hen ,w e categorize the existing studies by a “four quadrants ”method .We analyze and compare a number of typical solutions ,and summarize the advantages and overheads .Finally ,we discuss the research trends of NFV .Keywords network function virtualization (NFV );virtual netw ork function ;middlebox ;service function chain ;p rogrammable network

摘 要 网络功能虚拟化(network function virtualization ,NFV )基于虚拟化技术和标准的商业服务器、交换机、存储器来实现网络功能,用于替代网络中原本采用专用设备的中间盒,为运营商减少了搭建和运营网络的开销,提高了网络服务的灵活性、可扩展性,促进了新兴网络功能的开发和部署.目前NFV 仍然处于发展阶段,在系统性能、管理编排、可靠性、可用性、安全性、可编程性等方面仍然存在很多问题,研究人员围绕这些问题展开了大量的研究.对NFV 体系结构和基础技术进行了总结,提出了需要解决的关键问题.在此基础上,对已有的NFV 研究成果提出了“四象限”的分类方法,并详细分析和比较了典型的解决方案,总结了各方案的优势和开销,对未来的研究趋势进行了展望.

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