初一英语语法大全
初一英语语法大全构成语言得三要素:语音,词汇,语法。
英语也就是由这三个要素组成得,缺一不可。
没有语法只能传达很少得信息,因为词汇知识一个个孤立得组成部分,没有语法得词汇就如没有树干与树枝得树叶,知识一片零散得叶子。
语法,顾名思义,就就是语言得法则与规律。
英语毕竟不就是我们得母语,与汉语史完全不同得语言体系,因此这两种语言之间得差距十分巨大,在西关表达与思维方式上在很多时候都相差甚远。
如,我们中国得学生在表达中经常会出现一些这样得错误:1,I very like English、(违背了英语语法规则,副词修饰动词要放在动词后面)2,I live in a large house has garden、I like play puter games、(违背英语语法规则:一个英语句子中不能出现两个谓语动词)3,iI have three pen、(违背英语语法规则:可数名词复数要变成相应得复数形式)好多同学在使用英语时常发生忽略英语名词得单复数,不注意动词得时态变化,而且在搭配上常发生搭配错误。
语法就是组织字词句段得关键。
好得语法可以使英文文章写得更流畅,有亮点,思路清晰,不容易产生歧义。
而且就我得感受来说,语法好从某种意义上来说也影响您得英语口语,就是您得语言更具逻辑性,辩证性,所以英语语法得学习对我们整个英语知识得掌握与运用都有着现实得意义。
初一英语语法大全,其中包括主要掌握几种时态1,一般现在时2,一般过去时3,一般将来时4,现在进行时还有几种词1,名词2,代词3,形容词4,动词5,冠词初一英语语法一、词类学习词类得重要性在学习英语单词时必须同时掌握单词得"音、形、义、类、用"。
"音"就就是读音,"形"就就是拼法,即"spelling","义"就就是词义,"类"就就是词类,"用"就就是用法、搭配习惯。
单词得词性往往决定了它得用法,也就就是决定了它在句子当中所起得作用。
学习名词得时候,要关心它就是可数名词或就是不可数名词;学习动词得时候,要关心它就是及物动词还就是不及物动词,它就是延续性动词还就是短暂性动词;等等。
正如上面所述。
一个词常常兼有不同得词类,而辨别词类只能在句子当中进行。
所以在掌握单词得时候最好结合例句进行效果往往更好。
根据语法功能,词可以分为十类:名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、冠词、介词、连词与感叹词。
1、名词名词指用来表示人、事物、地点、时间、事件及抽象概念等名称得词。
A、名词得数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数与复数之分,复数得构成如下:一、规则变化:1.在后面加s。
如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas2.x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。
如:boxboxes glasseglasses dressdressesWatchwatches wish wishes faxfaxes3、1)以辅音字母加y结尾得变y为i再加es 如:babybabies familyfamilies dutydutiesedyedies storystories2）以元音字母加y结尾得直接加s。
如:daydays boyboys toytoys keykeys,wayways bodybodys4、以o结尾加s(外来词)。
如:radios, photos,但如就是辅音加o得加es:如:tomatotomatoes西红柿potatopotatoes马铃薯,土豆negronegroes黑人heroheroes英雄黑人英雄爱吃西红柿与马铃薯。
The negroes heroes like potatoes and tomatoes、5.以f或fe结尾得变f为v再加es(s)。
如:knifeknives wifewives halfhalvesshelfshelves leafleaves yourselfyourselves巧计以f(e)结尾得名词复数树叶半数自己黄,妻子拿刀去割粮架后窜出一只狼,就像强盗逃命忙Leaf(树叶),half(一半)、self(自己)、wife(妻子)、knife(刀子)、shelf(架子)、wolf(狼)、thief(盗贼,强盗)、life(生命)变复数时,都要变f(e)为v,再加es、其她得以f(e)结尾得名词则直接加s 变复数。
二、不规则变化:英语中有少数名词不就是通过在词尾加s或es构成复数形式,而就是由自己独特得复数构成形式。
1）、含有man得名词,变a为e、m a n m e n男人wom a nwom e n女人Policem a n policem e n 警察Englishm a nEnglishm e n英国人2）、含有oo得名词,变oo为ee、t oo tht ee th牙齿f oo tf ee t 脚g oo seg ee se 鹅3）、变换词尾得复数变化childchildren孩子oxoxen公牛mousemice老鼠4）、单复数相同(不变得)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿, Chinese, Japanese,means方法,works工厂三、复合名词得复数变化规则:合成得复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词。
如:action movieaction movies pen palpen pals;但如果就是由man或woman所组成得合成词得复数则同时为复数。
如:man doctormen doctors woman teacherwomen teachers四、单复数相同(不变得)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese五、一般只有复数,没有单数得有:people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks六、单词形式不变,既可以就是单数也可以就是复数得有:police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员七、有得单复数意思不同。
如:fish鱼fishes鱼得种类, paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文,work工作works作品,工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子, light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族, time时间times时代, 次数,chicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡课堂练习:请把下列名词得单数形式变为相应得复数形式:1.bag 2、teacher 3、bus4.box 5、baby 6、factory7.body 8、leaf 9、potato10.photo 11、Franchman 12、tooth13、child 14、mouse 15、sheepB、名词得格当我们要表示某人得什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式。
构成如下:一)单数在后面加’s。
如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s二)复数以s结尾得直接在s后加’,如果不就是以s结尾得与单数一样处理。
如: Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节三)由and并列得名词所有时,如果就是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。
如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克与本得房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克与本得房间(各自得房间)2、代词代词就是用来代替名词或名词短语得词。
使用代词可以使句子重复,使句子简洁化。
用法点击:1、主格与宾格:You see him、They hit us、You teach them、主格宾格主格宾格主格宾格2、◆形容词性物主代词其后必须跟名词。
1)形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,后面必接名词,表示所有、如:•my pen我得钢笔your bag您得书包his bike她得自行车her desk她得书桌its name它得名字例句:Is that your bike? 那就是您得自行车吗?Those are our books、那些就是我们得书。
◆如果名词前有形容词性物主代词,就不能同时用冠词(a, an, the)或指示代词(this, that,these, those)修饰此名词。
•[正]This is my pencil、[误]This is my a pencil、•[正]This is a pencil、[误] This is a my pencil、◆形容词性物主代词与形容词一起修饰名词时,要放在形容词之前。
如:his Englishbooks 她得英语书their Chinese friends 她们得中国朋友例如:Your bedroom(=yours) is big、Mine (=My bedroom) is big, too、您得卧室大。
我得卧室也大。
注意:在使用名词性物主代词时,必须有特定得语言环境,也就就是要省略得名词大家已经知道,已经提起过。
例:It’s hers、就是她得。
(单独使用大家不知就是怎么回事,不可以这样用)There is a book、It’s hers、那有本书。
就是她得。
(先提及,大家才明白)特别提醒:汉语表达常有省略“得”字得习惯,如:我哥哥、您们老师。
其中“我”与“您们”得实际意义分别就是“我得”、“您们得”,所以英语中只能译成my brother, your teacher;而不能译成 I brother, you teacher。
3、反身代词反身代词以－self(单数)或－selves(复数)结尾。
第一、二人称得反身代词由物主代词加－self构成。
第三人称得反身代词由代词宾格加－self构成。
反身代词有三种不同得用法,在这里我们先只学习其中一种用法:强调用法反身代词在强调用法中表示强调,即用来加强某个名词或者代词得语气,可译成“亲自”、“本人”。
此时,它在句中作同位语。
即使去掉,也不影响句子得完整性。
例如:(1)You must do it yourself、(您必须自己做)(2)I myself did the homework last night。
(昨晚就是我自己做了家庭作业) 课堂练习:基础练习一、翻译、1、她得画___________2、她老师___________3、它得名字_________4我得计算机__________5您得猫___________ 6她得书包__________二、单项选择、1、This is a girl、_____ name is Lily、A、HisB、SheC、HerD、Its2、This is Wang Fang、_____ is twelve、A、HisB、SheC、HerD、Its3、I _____ a girl、_______ name is Wang Hong、A、am; MyB、is; HerC、am; YourD、is; His4、Li Lei ______ a boy、_____ is in class5、A、am; HeB、is; SheC、are; HisD、is; He5、Is the cat ______friend? Yes,_______、A、your; it isn’tB、he; it isC、your; it isD、her; it isn’t6、This is a bird、I don’t know _______name、A、its’B、it’sC、itD、its7、They can study by ___________、A、themB、theyC、themselvesD、us8、What’s this? －－It’s ______pencil、A、my aB、a myC、my theD、my9、I think _____ Mrs、Wang、A、he’sB、HisC、she’sD、it’s10What’s that? _____ is a cat、A、ItB、HeC、SheD、You11、This new puter is , I must look after puter、A、my, mineB、mine, myC、my, myD、mine, mine12、It’s seven o’clock in the morning、Let’s 、A、go to bedB、go to schoolC、to go to homeD、going to school13、____________? It’s ten、A、What colour is itB、What time is itC、How old is heD、What’s five minus five14、–Is this new bag ? No, it’s 、A、his, hisB、his, hersC、yours, myD、hers, your15、–What’s the time, please? 、A、It’s eightthirty fiveB、It’s eightthirtyfiveC、It’s eight thirtyfiveD、It’s thirtyfive past eight参考答案:一.1.his picture 2、her teacher3、Its name 4、my puter5、your cat 6、、her bag二.15CBADC 610DCDCA 1115BBBBC二、指示代词:请翻译下列句子:1.This is Lily’s pen、2.That is an Enlish book、3.These gils are my friends、4.Put those books in the schoolbag、5.Thismy phone、6.Those flowers ______ beautiful、3、动词用来描述主语得动作、行为或状态得词叫做动词。
初一上册英语语法大全
初一上册英语语法大全【1 】一. 动词be（is,am,are）的用法我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he).她(she).它(it).单数名词用is,复数名词全用are.变否认,更轻易,be后not加上去.变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃.还有一条须留意,句首大写莫忘却.二. this,that和it用法(1)this和that是指导代词,it是人称代词.(2)距离措辞人近的人或物用this, 距离措辞人远的人或物用that.如：This is a flower. 这是一朵花.(近处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树.(远处)(3)放在一路的两样器械,先说this, 后说that.如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔.那是一支铅笔.(4)向他人介绍或人时说This is…, 不说That is….如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦.海伦,这是汤姆.(5)This is 不克不及缩写, 而That is可以缩写.如：This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车.那是一辆轿车.(6)打德律风时,介绍本身用this, 讯问对方用that.如：—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林蜜斯吗？—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁？留意：固然汉语中应用“我”和“你”,但英语中打德律风时毫不成以说：I am…, Are you…？/Who are you?(7)在答复this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that.如：①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？—Yes, it is. 是的,它是.②—What’s that? 那是什么？—It’s a kite. 是只风筝.三. these和those用法this, that, these和those是指导代词,these是this的复数情势,指时光.距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数情势,指时光.距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物.①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床.那是莉莉的床.②These pictures are good. 那些画很好.③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗？在答复主语是these或those的疑问句时,通经常应用they代替these或those 以防止反复.如：④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的,他们是.四. 不定冠词a和ana和an都是不定冠词,暗示一(个,支,本,块……)的意思,但不强调数目概念,而是强调类别,用来限命名词.a用在子音音素开首的单数名词前,如：a pencil(一支铅笔),a book(一本书);an用在元音音素开首的名词前,如an eraser(一块橡皮).假如名词前有润饰语,用a照样用an,则以该润饰语的第一音素决议用a照样用an.如：a clock 一座钟an old clock 一座旧钟a book 一本书an English book 一本英语书a nice apple 一个讨厌的苹果an apple 一个苹果六. There be句型(1)There be句型重要用以表达“某处（某时）有或人（某物）.”其根本构造为“There be＋某物（或人）＋某地（某时）”个中there是引诱词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般如今时中be只用is和are两种情势.下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型构造：There be放句首,主语跟在后.地.时放句末,强调置前头.如：There is a book on the desk.有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首.如：On the desk there is a book.(2)There be句型中的be动词若何肯定呢？请先看看下面这首歌诀：Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are.“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are.要用is照样are,须看厥后的名词是单数照样复数.若是单数或不成数名词用is,不然就用are.如：①There is a tree behind the house.②There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.③There are some pears in the box.(3)留意：假如“be”后的主语是由and衔接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be 的情势要遵守“远亲不如近邻”的原则.也就是说,“be”的情势是由与它比来的谁人名词来肯定的.若谁人名词是单数或不成数名词要用is,是复数就用are.如：①There is a book and some pens on the floor.②There are some pens and a book on the floor.七. 一般如今时一般如今时暗示经常性.习惯性的动作,或暗示如今的特点.状况.八. 句子单数变复数,留意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成响应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they.如：She is a girl. →They are girls.(2)am,is要变成are.如：I’m a student. →We are students.(3)不定冠词a,an要去失落.如：He is a boy. →They are boys.(4)通俗单数名词要变成复数情势.如：It is an apple. →They are apples.(5)指导代词this,that要变成these,those.如：This is a box. →These are boxes.九. 英语日期的暗示法英语中月份和礼拜名称都是专著名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词.用英语暗示日期,其次序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号离隔.如：August2nd,2003(2003年8月2日).也可以用日+月+年来暗示.如：10th May,2003(2003年5月10日).英语日期前介词的应用：若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on.如：①She was born in 1989②She was born in August.③She was born in August 1989.④She was born on 2nd August, 1989.十. 名词单数变复数在英语里面,名词分可数名词（countable noun）和不成数名词（uncountable noun）.不成数名词没有单复数之分,用时只当单数词用;可数名词有单复数之分,一个的前面要用a或an,eg: a pencil, a basketball, a dictionary, an egg, an ID card,而复数即两个或两个以上的要作响应的变更,情形如下：(1)一般的词在单数词后直接+“s”book→books,pen→pens,car→cars,map→maps,cartoon→cartoons(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词+“es”box→boxes,watch→watches(3)以子音字母+y结尾的名词去失落“y”,改成“i”,再加“es”family→families,comedy→comedies(4)以f或fe结尾的词,先去失落f或fe,改成“v”再加esknife→knives,wife→wives,handkerchief→handkerchieves(5) 特别词,特别变更,需单独记：child→children,man→men,foot→feet,woman→womentooth→teeth,sheep→sheep,deer→dee r十一. 时光的表达法(1)直读式,即直接读出时光数字7: 05 seven five8:16 eight sixteen(2) 过.差式,即几点差几分,几点过几分.（以30分为分界限）1:25 twenty-five past one2:30 half past two3:43 seventeen to four4:38 twenty-two to five(3)12小时制6:00 a.m. 上午6点8:20 p.m. 下昼8点20分(4)24小时制13:00 13点钟22:15 22点15分(5)15分可用quarter4:15 a quarter past four5:45 a quarter to six(6)时光前通经常应用介词atat 5 o’clockat 7:30 p.m.十二. 关于时光的问法(1)以when提问,“什么时刻”可所以较长的时光段,也可所以较短的时光点,如：①When is your birthday? 你的诞辰是什么时刻？②My birthday is Dec. 29th. 我的诞辰是12月29日.这里就是指一天的时光段①When do you go home? 你几点回家？②I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下昼4：30回家.这里when问的是具体的时光.(2)具体几点我们通经常应用what time提问,如：①What time is it now?/What’s the time now?如今几点了？It’s 9:26. 如今九点二十六.②What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了？It’s 8:36. Oh, It’s 50 minutes late. 8:36,哦,它慢了50分钟.③What time do you get up? 你几点起床？I get up at 6:00 a.m. 我早上6点起床.。
初一英语重点语法
初一英语重点语法一、一般现在时一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作、事实或真理。
构成：主语+动词原形+其他例句：I eat breakfast every morning.（我每天早上吃早餐）二、一般过去时一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
构成：主语+动词过去式+其他例句：He watched a movie last night.（他昨晚看了一部电影）三、一般将来时一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
构成：将来时助动词+主语+动词原形+其他例句：I will go shopping this weekend.（我这个周末会去购物）四、现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
构成：主语+be动词（am/is/are）+动词-ing形式+其他例句：She is studying for the exam.（她正在为考试而学习）五、过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
构成：主语+was/were+动词-ing形式+其他例句：They were playing soccer at 4pm yesterday.（他们昨天下午4点正在踢足球）六、现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的，对现在有影响或结果的动作。
构成：主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他例句：I have eaten lunch.（我已经吃过午饭了）七、过去完成时过去完成时表示过去某个时间或动作之前已经完成的动作。
构成：主语+had+动词过去分词+其他例句：We had finished our homework before dinner.（我们在晚饭前已经完成了作业）八、将来完成时将来完成时表示将来某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
构成：将来时助动词+主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他例句：He will have left for Beijing by 8am tomorrow.（他明天早上8点之前会已经出发去北京了）九、一般过去时与过去完成时的区别一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。
初一英语上册语法知识点总结
初一英语上册语法知识点总结1. 一般现在时 (Simple Present Tense)一般现在时用于描述经常发生或普遍存在的动作、习惯、真理、现实等。
用法：•肯定句：主语+ 动词的原形（第三人称单数在动词原形后加s或es）例如：–I eat breakfast every day.–He plays soccer on weekends.•否定句：主语 + do not / does not + 动词的原形例如：–I do not like coffee.–She does not watch TV in the morning.•疑问句：Do / Does + 主语 + 动词的原形？例如：–Do you play the piano?–Does he go to school by bus?•特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + do / does + 主语 + 动词的原形？例如：–What do you do after school?–When does she eat lunch?注意事项：•第三人称单数要在动词原形后加s或es。
•当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词直接加s或es，其中es的规则一般是在动词的词尾加es，但是有一些不规则动词需要特别记忆，例如：–do → does–go → goes–watch → watches2. 一般过去时 (Simple Past Tense)一般过去时用于表示过去发生的某个动作或状态。
用法：•肯定句：主语 + 动词的过去式例如：–I watched a movie yesterday.–They visited their grandparents last weekend.•否定句：主语 + did not + 动词的原形例如：–I did not go to the party.–She did not finish her homework.•疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词的原形？例如：–Did you eat breakfast this morning?–Did they play soccer at the park?•特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词的原形？例如：–What did you do last night?–When did she arrive at the station?注意事项：•动词的过去式大多数是在动词原形后加-ed，但是也有很多不规则动词需要特别记忆，例如：–go → went–eat → ate–take → took3. 一般将来时 (Simple Future Tense)一般将来时用于描述将来发生或完成的动作或状态。
初一英语语法知识点(详细)
语法专项复习一（一）一般现在时1. 一般现在时的含义⑴表示现在的状态⑵表示经常或习惯性的动作⑶表示主语具备的性格和能力。
2. 一般现在时的谓语构成⑴动词be肯定式I am… 否定式I am not…You/We/They are… You/We/They aren‘t…She/He/It is… She/He/It isn‘t…疑问式和简略回答Am I…？Yes, you are. No, you aren‘t.Are you…? Yes, I am/we are. No, I am not/we aren‘t.Are we/they…? Yes, we/they are. No, we/they aren‘t.⑵动词do肯定式I/We/You/They+动词原形+其他成分She/He/It+动词第三人称单数形式+其他成分否定式I/We/You/They don‘t+动词原形+其他成分She/He/It doesn‘t +动词原形+其他成分疑问式和简略回答Do I/you/we/they+动词原形+其他成分Yes, I/you/we/they d o. No, I/you/we/they don‘t.Does she/he/it +动词原形+其他成分Yes, she/he/it does. No, she/he/it doesn‘t.⑶一般现在时第三人称单数的构成规则变化一般情况下直接+s work-works ask-asks see-sees以s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾+es watch-watches go-goes do-does wash-washes以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加es try-tries study-studies fly-flies不规则变化have-has练一练1. 给出下列单词的第三人称单数形式play go hurry teach buy seewash walk miss watch come say2. 用所给动词的适当形式完成短文It‘s Ted‘s first day at school in Shanghai. The teacher _____(take) him to the classroom. The students_____ (ask) him, ―_____(do) you speak English or Chinese?‖ He _____ (say), ―Both. My father is an Englishman and my mother is a Chinese woman.‖ Ted ______ （like）his new classmates. After school, he _____(say) to his parents, I_____ (love) my new school, teacher and classmates.（二）句子种类（1）按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
(完整版)初一英语语法大全
初一英语语法大全构成语言的三要素：语音，词汇，语法。
英语也是由这三个要素组成的，缺一不可。
没有语法只能传达很少的信息，因为词汇知识一个个孤立的组成部分，没有语法的词汇就如没有树干和树枝的树叶，知识一片零散的叶子。
语法，顾名思义，就是语言的法则和规律。
英语毕竟不是我们的母语，和汉语史完全不同的语言体系，因此这两种语言之间的差距十分巨大，在西关表达和思维方式上在很多时候都相差甚远。
如，我们中国的学生在表达中经常会出现一些这样的错误：1，I very like English.(违背了英语语法规则，副词修饰动词要放在动词后面)2，I live in a large house has garden.I like play computer games.(违背英语语法规则：一个英语句子中不能出现两个谓语动词)3,iI have three pen.(违背英语语法规则：可数名词复数要变成相应的复数形式)好多同学在使用英语时常发生忽略英语名词的单复数，不注意动词的时态变化，而且在搭配上常发生搭配错误。
语法是组织字词句段的关键。
好的语法可以使英文文章写的更流畅，有亮点，思路清晰，不容易产生歧义。
而且就我的感受来说，语法好从某种意义上来说也影响你的英语口语，是你的语言更具逻辑性，辩证性，所以英语语法的学习对我们整个英语知识的掌握和运用都有着现实的意义。
初一英语语法大全，其中包括主要掌握几种时态1，一般现在时2，一般过去时3，一般将来时4，现在进行时还有几种词1，名词2，代词3，形容词4，动词5，冠词初一英语语法一、词类学习词类的重要性在学习英语单词时必须同时掌握单词的"音、形、义、类、用"。
"音"就是读音，"形"就是拼法，即"spelling"，"义"就是词义，"类"就是词类，"用"就是用法、搭配习惯。
七年级英语语法知识点总结【通用5篇】
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(完整版)初一英语语法知识点总结复习(超详细)
课时一教学任务一、重点语法1.动词be（am,is,are）的用法：be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。
①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。
句型解析析：I am+…例句：I am Snoopy.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.②第二人称(You)配合are使用。
句型解析：You are+…例句：You are my good friend.You are a good teacher.You are beautiful③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。
句型解析：She(He, It) is +……例句：She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。
句型解析：We (You, They) are +……例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口诀：我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。
单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。
变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。
还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。
对应练习：一. 用括号中适当的词填空。
1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia.2. She _______ (am, are, is) a student.3. Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends.4. My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.5. _______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6. _______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?7. There _____ (be) some glasses on it.8. If he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.一、用be 动词的适当形式填空1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2. The girl______ Jack's sister.3. The dog _______ tall and fat.4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5. ______ your brother in the classroom?6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7. How _______ your father?8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9. Whose dress ______ this?10. Whose socks ______ they?11. That ______ my red skirt.12. Who ______ I?13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.19. Some tea ______ in the glass.20. Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.第二课时（1）英语人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。
初一英语语法大全
初一英语语法一. 词汇⑪单词1. 介词：in, on, under, behind, near, at, of1). in表示"在……中"，"在……内"。
例如：in our class 在我们班上in my bag 在我的书包里in the desk 在桌子里in the classroom 在教室里2). on 表示"在……上"。
例如：on the wall 在墙上on the desk 在桌子上on the blackboard 在黑板上3). under表示"在……下"。
例如：under the tree 在树下under the chair 在椅子下under the bed 在床下4). behind表示"在……后面"。
例如：behind the door 在门后behind the tree 在树后5). near表示"在……附近"。
例如：near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近near the bed 在床附近6). at表示"在……处"。
例如：at school 在学校at home 在家at the door 在门口7). of 表示"……的"。
例如：a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画a map of China 一张中国地图2. 冠词a / an / the:冠词一般位于所限定的名词前，用来署名名词所指的人或事物。
冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。
不定冠词有两个形式，即a和an。
a用在以辅音音素开头的词前，如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前，如an apple.a或an与可数名词单数连用，泛指某类人或某物中的一个。
This is a cat. 这是一只猫。
初一英语语法及主要知识点归纳总结
初一英语知识点归纳总结分类：英语学习Unit 1 Where’s your pen pal from一．短语：1 ．be from = come from 来自于----2．live in 居住在---3．on weekends 在周末4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人5 ．in the world 在世界上in China 在中国6．pen pal 笔友14 years old 14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7．the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8．speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎9．go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动二．重点句式：1 Where’s your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live3 What languages does he speak4 I want a pen pal in China.5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.三．本单元的国家,人民、语言对应;1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French2 France------ French------French3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese4 Australia----Australian----- English5 the United States------ American---- English6 the United Kingdom---British----- EnghishU nit 2 Where’s the post office一．Asking ways: 问路1．Where is the nearest …… 最近的……在哪里2．Can you tell me the way to …… 你能告诉我去……的路吗3．How can I get to …… 我怎样到达……呢4．Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood 附近有……吗5．Which is the way to ……哪条是去……的路二．Showing the ways: 指路1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走;2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转;3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它;4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远;5. You’d bette r take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去;You’d better+动词原形三．词组1. across from …… 在……的对面across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between……and…… 在……和……之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of…… 在……前面There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树;in the front of…… 在……内的前部There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子;5. behind…… 在……后面behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边on my left 在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along…… 沿着……街道down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……11. take /have a walk 散步12. the beginning o f…… ……的开始,前端at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端in the beginning 起初,一开始13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心; I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达：get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank.reach +地方17．go across 从物体表面横过go across the street 横过马路go through 从空间穿过go through the forest 穿过树林18．on + 街道的名称; Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Street三．重难点解析1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书;到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子;2．hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试; hope +从句I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗;从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句;如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句;3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子;If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球;If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物;四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala bears一．重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat night in the day every day during the day二. 交际用语1. Why do you like pandas Because they’re very clever.2. Why does he like koalas Because they’re kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you likeI like dogs, too.WhyBecause they’re friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6. She’s very shy.7. He is from Australia.8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.10．Let’s see the pandas first.11．They’re kind of interesting.12．What other animals do you like13．Why do you want to see the lions三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点,稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞;kind 还有“种类”的意思如：各种各样的all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用;There are many kinds of tigers in China.There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly;The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,如果有I, I通常放在and 之后,如：My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”I often play with my pet dog.Don’t play with water5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚;通常说in the day, during the day, at night;Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等;7、hour n. 小时；点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即：an hour;There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自…be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. 食用的肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much grass; There is much grass on the playground.四. 语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问;特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构;这是最常见的情况;例如：What’s your grandfather’s telephone number 你爷爷的号码是多少Who is that boy with big eyes 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节When is he going to play the piano 他什么时候弹钢琴Where does he live 他住在哪儿How are you 你好吗How old are you 你多大了How many brothers and sisters do you have 你有几个兄弟姐妹2. 疑问句+陈述句结构;这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语;例如：Who is on duty today今天谁值日Which man is your teacher哪位男士是你的老师我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构;例如：I like English. What/How about you 我喜欢英语;你呢What about playing basketball 打篮球怎么样Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一．短语：1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物/ 把某物给某人3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home5 in the day 在白天6 at night 在晚上7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院l10 work/ study hard 努力工作11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二．重点句式及注意事项：1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式①What + is / are + sb②What + does/ do + sb + do③What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词+ job2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.4 I like talking to people.5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.6 Where does your sister work7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine Then come and work for us as a reporter.9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.三．本单元中的名词复数;1 policeman--- policemen2 woman doctor----- women doctors 3thief-----thieves首先主谓宾结构I have an apple.其次定状补I really have a big apple.really做have的状语状语修饰动词动词一般就是谓语动词big做apple的定语定语修饰名词名词一般是主语或宾语最后主系表结构它与主谓宾很相似只不过谓语动词时系动词最常见的是be动词及其变形I am a student;主语通常用于句子开端,主要有：i,you,he,she,it,we,they,但it有时用作形式主语,表特指;谓语,通常放在主语之后,一般是动词,表示“某某人在;;;”宾语,通常放在谓语之后,一般是主语的宾格;有时候是人,有时候是物;定语,状语,通常是从句;定语从句：常有关系代词that\which\who\whoes,关系副词when\where\why.通常选择关系词的步骤是：1、确定先行词2.确定关系词.主系表：主,就是主语;系,特指系动词,就是说当句子中没有谓语时,用系动词来代替;表,修饰系动词用;1、名词A、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下：一在后面加s;如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es;如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s;如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四以o结尾加s外来词;如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes 西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加ess;如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六单复数相同不变的有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七一般只有复数,没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局,警察, class班,同学, family家,家庭成员九合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词;如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数;如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十有的单复数意思不同;如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类, paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作works作品,工厂, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水oranges橙子, light光线lights灯, people人peoples民族, time时间times 时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉chickens 小鸡十一单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s;如：Is I’s, Ks K’s;但如是缩略词则只加s;如：IDs, VCDs, SARs十二特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式;构成如下：一单数在后面加’s;如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s二复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理;如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节三由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理;如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间共住一间,Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间各自的房间2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数they them their theirs these those themselves3、动词A 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下：一一般在词后加s;如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es;如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes三1以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es;如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries2以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s;如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四以o结尾加es;如：does, goes五特殊的有：are-is, have-hasB 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下：一一般在后加ing;如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing二以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing;如：dance-dancing, wake-waking,take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having三以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing;如：put-putting,run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning四以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing;如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying 位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式;构成如下：一一般在词后加er或est如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st;如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest二以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母字母组合除外,如few-fewer fewest结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est;如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest三以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est;如：happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliestmore friendly most friendly, busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest四特殊情况：两好多坏,一少老远good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worstlittle- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5、数词基变序,有规则；一、二、三,自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾,变为i, eth跟上去; first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth二、初一英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句a This is a book. be动词b He looks very young. 连系动词c I want a sweat like this. 实义动词d I can bring some things to school. 情态动词e There’s a computer on my desk. There be结构否定陈述句a These aren’t their books. b They don’t look nice.c Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School.d Kate can’t find her doll.e There isn’t a cat here. =There’s no cat here.2. 祈使句肯定祈使句a Please go and ask the man. b Let’s learn Englishc Come in, please.否定祈使句a Don’t be late. b Don’t hu rry.3. 疑问句1 一般疑问句a Is Jim a student b Can I help you c Does she like saladd Do they watch TVe Is she reading肯定回答: a Yes, he is. b Yes, you can. c Yes, she does. d Yes, they do. e Yes, she is.否定回答: a No, he isn’t. b No, you can’t. c No, she doesn’t. d No, they don’t. e No, she isn’t.2 选择疑问句Is the table big or small 回答It’s big./ It’s small.3 特殊疑问句①问年龄How old is Lucy She is twelve.②问种类What kind of movies do you like I like action movies and comedies.③问身体状况How is your uncle He is well/fine.④问方式How do/can you spell it L-double O-K.How do we contact you My e-mail address is cindyjones163.⑤问原因Why do you want to join the club⑥问时间What’s the time =What time is it It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you us ually get up, Rick At five o’clock.When do you want to go Let’s go at 7:00.⑦问地方Where’s my backpack It’s under the table.⑧问颜色What color are they They are light blue.What’s your favourite color It’s black.⑨问人物Who’s that It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue My brother.Who isn’t at school Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to⑩问东西What’s this/that in English It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名What’s your aunt’s name Her name is Helen./She’s Helen. What’s your first name My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name My family name’s Smith.12 问哪一个Which do you like I like one in the box.13 问字母What letter is it It’s big D/small f.14 问价格How much are these pants They’re 15 dollars.15 问号码What’s your phone number It’s 576-8349.16 问谓语动作What’s he doing He’s watching TV.17 问职业身份 What do you do What’s your father He’s a doctor.句子结构1.S主+ Vi不及物动词谓Time flies.1 S + V + adverbial状语Birds sing beautifully.2 S + Vi+ prep Phrase介词短语He went on holiday.3 S + Vi+ Infinitive 不定式We stopped to have a rest.4 S + Vi+ Participle 分词I'll go swimming.2. S 主+ Vt 及物动词谓+ O宾We like English.1 S + VT + N/PronI like music.I like her.2 S + VT + infinitive不定式I want to help him.常用于这句型的动词有：attempt, dare, decide, desire, expect, hope, intend, learn, need, offer, pretend, promise, propose, purpose, refuse, want, wish等;3 S + VT + Wh-Word + InfinitiveI don't know what to do.常用于这句型的动词有：ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, find out, forget, guess, inquire, know, learn, observe, remember, see, settle, tell, think, understand, wonder等;4 S + VT + GerundI enjoy living here.常用于这句型的动词有：admit, advise, avoid, consider, defend, enjoy, excuse, finish, forbid, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest, give up, can't help等;5 S + VT + That-clauseI don't think that he is right.常用于这句型的动词有：Admit, believe, command, confess, declare, demand, deny, doubt, expect, explain, feel觉得, hear听说, hope, imagine, intend, know, mean, mind当心, notice, propose, request, report, say, see看出,show, suggest, suppose, think, understand, wish, wonder觉得奇怪;3. S 主+ V谓lv 系动词+ P表We are Chinese.除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,1表感官的动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等;2 表转变变化的动词,become, get, grow, turn, go,等; 3表延续的动词remain, keep, seem, hold, stay, rest等;4表瞬时的动词come, fall, set, cut, occur等5其他动词eat, lie, prove, ring, run, shine, sit, stand, continue, hang等;1 S + Lv + N/Pron名词/代词He is a boy.This is mine.2 S + Lv + Adj形容词She is beautiful.3 S + Lv + Adv 副词Class is over.4 S + Lv + Prep PhraseHe is in good health.5 S + Lv + Participle分词He is excited.The film is interesting.4. S 主+ VT 谓+ In O间接宾+ D O直接宾I give you help.1 S + VT + N/Pron + NI sent him a book.I bought May a book.2 S + VT + N/Pron + To/for-phraseHe sent a book to me.He bought a coat for me.间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有：allow, bring, deny, do带来, give, grant, hand, leave, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, permit, promise, read, refuse, render, restore, sell, send, show, teach, tell wish, write等;间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有：bring, buy, cash, choose, fetch, get, leave, make, order, paint, play演奏,save, sing, spare等;5. S 主+ VT谓+ O宾+ O C宾补I make you clear.1 S + VT + N/Pron + NWe named our baby Tom.常用于这句型的动词有：appoint, call, choose, elect, entitle, find, make, name, nominate命名;2 S + VT + N/Pron + AdjHe painted the wall white.常用于这句型的动词有：beat, boil, cut, drive, find, get, hold, keep, leave, like, make, paint, see, set, turn, want, wash, wipe, wish等;3 S + VT + N/Pron + Prep PhraseShe always keeps everything in good order.4 S + VT + N/Pron + InfinitiveI wish you to stay.I made him work常用于这句型的动词有：a不定式带to的词：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, choose, command, decide, encourage, expect, force, get, hate, invite, know, leave, like, love, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remain, request, teach, tell, want, warn, wish等;b不定式不带to的词：feel, have, hear, know, let, listen to, look at, make, notice, see, watch等;5 S + VT + N/Pron + Participle 分词I heard my name called.I feel something moving.常用于这句型的动词有：catch, feel, find, get, have, hear, imagine, keep, leave, listen to, look at, notice, observe, perceive, see, set, smell, start, watch等;6 S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-word + InfinitiveHe show me how to do it.常用于这句型的动词有：advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell等;7 S + VT + N/Pron + That-clauseHe told me that the film was great.常用于这句型的动词有：assure, inform, promise, remind, teach, tell, warm等;8 S + VT + N/Pron + Wh-ClauseHe asked me what he should do.常用于这句型的动词有：Advise, ask, inform, show, teach, tell.三、初一英语语法——时态1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有：Be 动词：She’s a worker. Is she a worker She isn’t a worker.情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano I ca n’t play the piano.行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它.I’m playing baseball. Are you playing baseball I’m not playing baseball. Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter Nancy isn’t writing a letter.They’re listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music They aren’t list ening to the pop music.一．短语：1 ．be from = come from 来自于----2．live in 居住在---3．on weekends 在周末4 ．write to sb = write a letter to sb 给某人写信；写信给某人5 ．in the world 在世界上in China 在中国6．pen pal 笔友14 years old 14岁favorite subject 最喜欢的科目7．the United States 美国the United Kingdom 英国New York 纽约8．speak English 讲英语like and dislike 爱憎9．go to the movies 去看电影play sports 做运动二．重点句式：1 Where’s your pen pal from = Where does your pen pal from/2 Where does he live3 What languages does he speak4 I want a pen pal in China.5 I can speak English and a little French.6 Please write and tell me about yourself.7 Can you write to me soon8 I like going to the movies with my friends and playing sports.三．本单元的国家,人民、语言对应;1 Canada---- Canadian---- English / French2 France------ French------French3 Japan------Japanese----Japanese4 Australia----Australian----- English5 the United States------ American---- English6 the United Kingdom---British----- EnghishUnit 2 Where’s the post office一．Asking ways: 问路1．Where is the nearest …… 最近的……在哪里2．Can you tell me the way to …… 你能告诉我去……的路吗3．How can I get to …… 我怎样到达……呢4．Is there …… near here / in the neighborhood 附近有……吗5．Which is the way to …… 哪条是去……的路二．Showing the ways: 指路1. Go straight down / along this street. 沿着这条街一直走;2. Turn left at the second turning. 在第二个路口向左转;3. You will find it on your right. 你会在你右手边发现它;4. It is about one hundred metres from here. 离这里大约一百米远;5. You’d better take a bus. 你最好坐公交车去;You’d better+动词原形三．词组1. across from …… 在……的对面across from the bank 在银行的对面2. next to…… 紧靠…… next to the supermarket 紧靠超市3. between……and…… 在……和……之间between the park and the zoo 在公园和动物园之间among 表示位于三者或三者以上之间4. in front of…… 在……前面There is a tree in front of the classroom.课室前面有棵树;in the front of…… 在……内的前部There is a desk in the front of the classroom.课室内的前部有张桌子;5. behind…… 在……后面behind my house 在我家后面6. turn left/ right 向左/右拐on the left/right of…… 在某物的左/右边on the left of our school 在我们学校的左边on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边on my left 在我左边7. go straight 一直走8. down /along…… 沿着……街道down/along Center Street 沿着中央街9. in the neighborhood=near here 在附近10 welcome to…… 欢迎来到……11. take /have a walk 散步12. the beginning of…… ……的开始,前端at the beginning of…… 在……的开始,前端in the beginning 起初,一开始13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心,过得愉快我昨天玩得很开心; I had fun yesterday.I had a good time yesterday.I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租车16. 到达：get to +地方get here/ there/ home 到这/那/家arrive in +大地方I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方I arrive at the bank.reach +地方17．go across 从物体表面横过go across the street 横过马路go through 从空间穿过go through the forest 穿过树林18．on + 街道的名称; Eg: on Center Streetat + 具体门牌号+街道的名称Eg: at 6 Center Street三．重难点解析1．enjoy doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣,喜爱做某事I enjoy reading. 我喜爱读书;到目前为止,我们学了两个特殊的动词finish和enjoy,都是要带doing.I finish cleaning the room. 我扫完了这间屋子;2．hope to do sth 希望做某事I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通过这次考试; hope +从句I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天将会晴朗;从句即是一个小句子,这个小句子又放在大句子中,从属于大句子,所以叫从句;如tomorrow will be fine是一个从句,它又放在I hope 的后面,形成句中有句;3. if 引导一个表示假设的句子;If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有许多钱,我就会去月球; If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你饿了的话,你可以在超市买一些食物;四．本单元的反义词、近义词配对1new—old 2 quiet--- busy 3 dirty--- clean 4 big---- smallUnit 3 Why do you like koala bears一．重点词组eat grass eat leaves be quiet very shy very smart very cuteplay with her friends kind of South Africa other animalsat night in the day every day during the day二. 交际用语1. Why do you like pan das Because they’re very clever.2. Why does he like koalas Because they’re kind of interesting.3. Where are lions from They are from South Africa.4. What other animals do you likeI like dogs, too.WhyBecause they’re friendly and clever.5. Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.6. She’s very shy.7. He is from Australia.8．He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves. 9．He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day.10．Let’s see the pandas first.11．They’re kin d of interesting.12．What other animals do you like13．Why do you want to see the lions三. 重点难点释义1、kind of 有点,稍微Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞;kind 还有“种类”的意思如：各种各样的all kinds ofWe have all kinds of beautiful flowers in our school.2、China n. 中国Africa n. 非洲China 和Africa都是专有名词,首字母都应该大写,而且和介词in连用;There are many kinds of tigers in China.There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.3、friendly adj. 友好的,和蔼可亲的它是名词friend的形容词形式,常常和be动词连用, be friendly;The people in Chengdu are very friendly.4、with prep. 跟,同,和…在一起I usually play chess with my father.注意区别与and的用法,and通常用于连接主语或宾语,连接主语时,如果有I, I通常放在and 之后,如：My father and I usually play chess together.Play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…”I often play with my pet dog.Don’t play with water5、day和night 是一对反义词,day 表示白天或一天,night表示夜或夜晚;通常说in the day, during the day, at night;Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.6、leaf n. 叶子复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：wife—wives, wolf—wolves, knife—knives等;7、hour n. 小时；点钟hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”, 即：an hour;There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.8、be from 来自…be from = come fromPandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.9、meat n. 食用的肉,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much meatHe eats much meat every day.10、grass n. 草,为不可数名词,表示“许多”时,使用much来修饰,即：much grass; There is much grass on the playground.四. 语法知识特殊疑问句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“how old”、“how many”等开头,对某一具体问题进行提问;特殊疑问句的基本构成有两种情况：1. 疑问句+一般疑问句结构;这是最常见的情况;例如：What’s your grandfather’s telephone number 你爷爷的号码是多少Who is that boy with big eyes 那个大眼睛的男孩是谁Which season do you like best 你最喜欢哪个季节When is he going to play the piano 他什么时候弹钢琴Where does he live 他住在哪儿How are you 你好吗How old are you 你多大了How many brothers and sisters do you have 你有几个兄弟姐妹2. 疑问句+陈述句结构;这时疑问词作主语或修饰主语;例如：Who is on duty today今天谁值日Which man is your teacher哪位男士是你的老师我们学过的What/How about+名词/代词+其他也是特殊疑问句,它是一种省略结构;例如：I like English. What/How about you 我喜欢英语;你呢What about playing basketball 打篮球怎么样Unit 4 I want to be an actor.一．短语：1 want to do sth 想要作某事2 give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物/ 把某物给某人3 help sb do sth 帮助某人作某事Eg: I want to help my mother do some housework at home.4 help sb with sth 帮助某人谋事Eg: I want to help my mother with some housework at home5 in the day 在白天6 at night 在晚上7 talk with/ to sb 和----谈话8 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事Eg: He is busy listening to the teacher.9 in a hospital 在医院l10 work/ study hard 努力工作11 Evening Newspaper 晚报二．重点句式及注意事项：1 询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式①What + is / are + sb②What + does/ do + sb + do③What + is/ are + 名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词+ job2 People give me their money or get their money from me.3 Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.4 I like talking to people.5 I work late. I’m very busy when people go out to dinners.6 Where does your sister work7 then we have a job for you as a waiter.8 Do you want to work for a magazine Then come and work for us as a reporter.9 Do you like to work evenings and weekends10 We are an international school for children of 5-12.三．本单元中的名词复数;。
初一英语英语语法总结(共51张)
German.
双重所有格
所有’s格结的构形也式可以用于 “of”结构之后，如: a friend of
does
did
done doing
have learn
has learns
had
had having
learned /learnt
learned /learnt
learning
第三人称单数现在式
情况 变化规则
例词
一般情况
结尾为 s,x,sh,ch,o 结尾为辅音
字母+y
+s
+es 变y为 i+es
Be动词
am, is, are was, were
been
is 1.He ________ very good at English.
Practise
Were are 2.My father and I ________ going to Beijing next month.
was 3.________ you on duty the day before yesterday?
2. 在某些度量表示法中:
We have PE lessons three times a week.
3. 用在单数的表语名词前，以表示职业、行 业、宗教、等级等。
George wants to be an engineer.
4. 在以what引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名 词前。