管理信息系统(第7版)PPT+试题库 Ch11-disc
管理信息系统练习题(含答案)
管理信息系统练习题题库第一章一、填空题1．管理信息系统是在管理科学、系统科学、计算机科学等的基础上发展起来的综合性边缘科学。
2、《中国企业管理百科全书》中将管理信息系统定义为是由人、计算机等组成的，能进行信息的收集、传递、储存、加工、维护、使用的系统。
3．管理信息系统的三大要素是系统的观点、数学的方法、计算机的应用。
4．从概念上看，管理信息系统由四大部件组成，即信息源、信息处理器、信息用户、信息管理者。
5．专家系统的基本结构主要包括知识库、推理机、咨询解释器等。
6、根据管理信息系统的定义，可以总结出管理信息系统建设的两个最主要的内涵，一、管理信息系统是一个数据系统；二、管理信息系统是一个系统工程。
7．管理信息系统不仅仅是一个技术系统，而是把人包括在内的人机系统，因而它是一个管理系统是个社会系统。
8．一个管理系统可以用功能/层次矩阵来表示。
9．信息管理的英文缩写为IM决策支持系统的英文缩写为DSS。
计算机辅助设计的英文缩写是CAD。
10．管理信息系统应覆盖整个组织或至少覆盖组织中的主要业务部门。
11．制造资源规划的核心的功能包括物料需求规划和主生产计划。
12．计算机集成制造系统的核心内涵是提高企业竞争力系统观点和信息观点。
13．决策支持系统在用户决断时的作用是支持管理信息系统可以辅助管理决策。
14．直接和机器打交道的语言是机器语言15．在专家系统中用于存取和管理所获取的专家知识和经验的是知识库16．程序设计语言的发展通常可分为四个阶段，按顺序分别是机器语言、汇编语言、高级语言、4GL语言。
17．地理信息系统的英文缩写是GIS专家系统的英文缩写是ES18．管理信息系统一词最早出现的时间是1970。
19、在财务和会计子系统中，运行控制具有关心每天的差错和异常情况报告、延迟处理的报告和未处理业务的报告等的内容的功能。
二、单项选择题1．管理信息系统的基本类型取决于（A）A. 业务信息系统B. 决策支持系统C. 输入输出系统D.操作系统2．管理信息系统进入成熟阶段，大量应用以微型机为主的计算机网络，为达到资源共享的目的须采用（C）A. 文本文件B. 网面C. 数据库 D.应用程序3．稳定的数据基础中所指的稳定内容是（D）A. 业务内容B. 命令集C. 输出文件D. 基本表4．用于表示管理信息系统的软件结构的方法是（D）A. 数据流 B. 操作系统C. 直方图D.功能／层次矩阵5．管理信息系统概念结构图中，信息产生地被称为（A）。
管理信息系统试题库
《管理信息系统》试题库1四、简答题1.MRPII 的基本思想和特点是什么？2.系统的好坏可从哪四个方面进行评价？3.简述管理信息系统的含义。
4.简述结构化开发方法的基本思想。
五、分析论述题1. 设要建立一个企业数据库，要求如下：（1）某企业各部门有许多职员，但一个职员仅属于一个部门；（2）每个职员可在多项工程中承担工作或负责管理，每项工程可有多个职员做工，但只有一个负责管理者。
试根据以上要求画出该问题的E-R图2.下列是运算完毕的UC矩阵，①在矩阵上划分子系统需要注意哪三个方面？②请在矩阵上划分子系统试题1参考答案：四、1．情报活动阶段设计活动阶段选择活动阶段实施活动阶段2．最小的数据重复性数据存储的一致性数据的独立性数据的安全性3．数据库包含了若干个文件，通过联结路径实现记录之间的联系；数据库能反映现实世界息间联系及含义；文件只包含数据本身，而数据库则包含了基本数据和关于数据的数据，如反映联系的、反映语义的，为了管理控制而附加的各种数据。
4．定义数据库；管理数据库，其中包括控制数据库系统运行，控制并发行访问，执行安全检查，实现对数据库数据的检索、插入、修改、删除等操作；维护数据库；数据通讯功能，实现数据的传送。
五、1. 设要建立一个企业数据库，要求如下：（1）企业各部门有许多职员，但一个职员仅属于一个部门；（2）每个职员可在多项工程中承担工作或负责管理，每项工程可有多个职员做工，但只有一个负责管理者；下面给出已经转换好的等价关系模型结构。
①部门（部门号，部门名，部门负责人，）（主关键字为部门号）②职员（职工号，职工名，性别，部门号）（主关键字为职工号）③工程（工程号，工程名，项目负责人）（主关键字为工程号）④工作（职工号，工程号，工种）[主关键字为（职工号，工程号）]试根据要求画出该问题的E-R图答案要点:2.下列是运算完毕的UC矩阵，①在矩阵上划分子系统需要注意哪三个方面？②请在矩阵上划分子系统①答案要点:A. 沿对角线一个接一个地画，既不能重叠，又不能漏掉任何一个数据或功能。
管理信息系统(第7版)PPT+试题库 Ch03-disc
Chapter 3Answers to Discussion Questions:1.Porter’s Competitive Forces Model describes five competitive forces that shape the fate of a business:traditional competitors, new market entrants, substitute products and services, customers, and suppliers.Depending on the business, each of these can create tremendous problems or new opportunities.2.Four generic strategies for dealing with competitive forces include low-cost leadership, productdifferentiation, focus on market niche, and strengthen customer and supplier intimacies. Information systems can provide data and information that allow businesses to use one or a combination of these strategies to improve products and services, cut costs, and improve profits.3.The Internet allows traditional competitors to introduce new products and services and lure customersaway. It provides a low cost avenue for new market entrants. Consumers can easily and quickly find substitute products and services through the Internet. Customers can use information provided on the Internet to create new competition between companies while suppliers can increase their market power.4.Synergies between businesses allow the output of some units to be used as inputs to other units.Synergistic organizations can use information systems to pool markets and expertise and provide new services or products. Information systems allow a company to concentrate on its core competency and outsource support activities to other companies. Each organization concentrates on that which it is best at. Information systems can provide network economies and provide a low-cost method to createvirtual companies.5.Business process reengineering efforts fail because of the high cost and extended time they take toimplement. Business process reengineering involves rethinking work flows and business processes.Too often businesses fail to plan for the changes their employees and customers will experience.Many businesses simply don’t communicate with their people enough to make it work.。
管理信息系统(第7版)PPT+试题库 ESS_7E_testbank_CH03
Chapter 3Achieving Competitive Advantage with Information SystemsTrue-False Questions1.AnalysisOne type of competitive advantage Amazon was able to implement was that of economies ofscale.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 75-78Analysis in terms of categorize2.AnalysisAmazon’s success in online bookselling illustrates the use of demand control to increaseprofits.Answer: False Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 75-78Analysis in terms of categorize3. A firm can be said to have competitive advantage when they have higher stock marketvaluations than their competitors.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 784.The competitive forces model was created for today’s digital firm.Answer: False Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 795.Customers are one of the competitive forces that affect an organization’s ability to compete.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 806. A transparent marketplace means that there is high product differentiation.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 807.In an efficient customer response system, digital answering systems are used to monitor andrespond to customer inquiries.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 818.Mass customization is a form of mass production.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 82 9.Strong linkages to customers and suppliers decrease switching costsAnswer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 83 10.In the strategy of product differentiation, information systems are used to enable newproducts and servicesAnswer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 85 11.The effect of the Internet has been to raise bargaining power over suppliersAnswer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 87 12.In the age of the Internet, Porter’s traditiona l competitive forces model is still at work, butcompetitive rivalry has become much more intense.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 87 13.In the value chain model, primary activities are most directly related to the production anddistribution of the firm’s products and services that create value for the customer.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 88 14.The idea driving synergies is that when the output of some units can be used as inputs toother units, the relationship can lower cost and generate profits.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 90 15.The value chain model classifies all company activities as either primary or support.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 91 16.The law of diminishing returns always applies to digital, as well as traditional companies.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 91 17.The more people that use Microsoft Office software and related products, the greater itsvalue.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 9218.Studies have shown that probably the best single way to reduce quality problems is to reducecycle time.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9619.Business process reengineering is the radical redesign of business processesAnswer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9720.New mortgage application processes have been made far more efficient by theimplementation of a digital, “desk-to-desk”sequential assembly-line approach.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 9921.Today’s e-business e nvironment involves much closer coordination of a firm’s businessprocesses with those of customers, suppliers, and other business partners than in the past.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 99Multiple-Choice Questions22.AnalysisAmazon’s use of the Internet as a platform to sell books illustrates a tactical use ofinformation services for:a.Low-cost leadershipb.Product differentiationc.Focusing on market niched.Strengthening customer intimacyAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: pp. 75-76, 80-83Analysis in terms of categorize23.The four major types of competitive advantage are:a.Demand control, economies of scale, substitute products and services, and processefficiency.b.Demand control, economies of scale, barriers to entry that restrict supply, andprocess efficiency.c.Demand control, economies of scale, product differentiation, and processefficiency.d.Economies of scale, barriers to entry that restrict supply, substitute products andservices, and process efficiency.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 7824.Demand control is achieved by:a.Preventing competitors from controlling pricing.ing switching costs to keep prices high.c.Reducing operation costs by merging with other firms.d.Reducing the number of competitive products.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 7825.AnalysisA beverage distributor has acquired exclusive U.S. distribution rights for a new Italiansparkling water. What competitive advantage does this illustrate?a.Economy of scaleb.Demand controlc.Barrier to entry that restrict supplyd.Substitute products and servicesAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: pp. 78 Analysis in terms of categorize26.The ______________________ model is used to describe the interaction of externalinfluences, specifically threats and opportunities that affect an organization’s strategyand ability to compete.work economicspetitive forcespetitive advantaged.demand controlAnswer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 7927.Which of the following is not one of the competitive forces:a.suppliers.b.other competitors.c.external environmentd.customers.Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: 79-8028.EvaluateA substitute product of most concern for a cable TV distributor is:a.Satellite TVb.Broadcast TVc.Satellite radiod.InternetAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: 79Evaluate in terms of evaluate, assess, appraise29.EvaluateA manufacturer of deep-sea oil rigs may be least concerned about this marketplace force:a.product differentiation.b.traditional competitors.c.low number of suppliers.d.new market entrants.Answer: d Difficulty: Hard Reference: 79Evaluate in terms of evaluate, assess, appraise30.Which of the following industries has a low barrier to entry?a.Automotiveputer-chipc.Restaurantd.AirlineAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p 79 31.Which of the following can force a business and its competitors to compete on pricealone?a.Transparent marketplaceb.High product differentiationc.Poor process efficiencyd.Demand controlAnswer: a Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 8032. A firm can exercise greater control over its suppliers by:a.having more suppliers.b.having fewer suppliers.c.having global suppliers.d.having local suppliers.Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 8033.The four basic strategies a company can employ to deal with competitive forces are:a.Increase process efficiency, implement demand control, focus on market niche,and low-cost leadership.b.Strengthen customer and supplier intimacy, focus on market niche, productdifferentiation, and implement demand control.c.Focus on market niche, product differentiation, mass customization, andimplement demand control.d.Strengthen customer and supplier intimacy, focus on market niche, productdifferentiation, and low-cost leadership.Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 8034.Wal-Mart’s continuous replenishment system allows it to:a.Provide mass customizationb.Provide an efficient customer response systemc.Strengthen customer intimacyd.Achieve economy of scaleAnswer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.80-81 35.When a firm provides a specialized product or service for a narrow target market betterthan competitors, they are using a:a.Product differentiation strategy.b.Market niche strategy.c.Mass customization strategy.d.Process efficiency strategy.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.8236.__________________________is the ability to offer individually tailored products orservices using the same production resources as bulk production.a.Mass customizationb.Size customizationc.Magnitude customizationd.Dimension customizationAnswer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 8237.An information system can enable a company to focus on a market niche through:plex trend forecastingb.Tailoring products to the clientc.Intensive product trend analysisd.Intensive customer data analysisAnswer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.8238.Hilton Hotels’ use of customer information software to identify the most profitablecustomers to direct services to is an example of using information systems to:a.Strengthen customer intimacyb.Differentiate their servicec.Focus on market niched.Increase efficiencyAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.8339.AnalysisCemex’s early challenges were:a.Unpredictable distribution methods, difficulties creating product demand, andbargaining power of customers.b.Unpredictable distribution needs, inefficient distribution methods, and difficultiescreating product demandc.Low profits, inefficient distribution methods, and lack of supplier intimacyd.Low profits, inefficient distribution methods, and bargaining power of customers.Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.84Analysis in terms of appraise, categorize40.AnalysisCemex’s use of information technology illustrates the use of information syste ms toachieve:a.Low cost leadershipb.Focus on market nichec.Customer intimacyd.Product differentiationAnswer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.84 Analysis in terms of appraise, categorize41.Which industries did the first wave of e-commerce transform?a.Air travel, books, bill paymentsb.Air travel, books, musicc.Real estate, air travel, booksd.Real estate, books, bill paymentsAnswer: b Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.8542.To what competitive force did the printed encyclopedia industry succumb?a.Positioning and rivalry among competitorsb.Low cost of entryc.Substitute products or servicesd.Customer’s bargaining powerAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.85 43.EvaluateSouthwest’s early, limited use of information systems for providing ticketing and reservation is an illustration of:ing the value chain model to highlight the points at which informationtechnology can be used most effectively.ing information systems to enhance core competencies.ing information systems to simplify the product.ing information systems to enhance efficiency.Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Reference: p.85 Evaluate in terms of assess, compare44.Internet technology:a.makes it easy for rivals to compete on price alone.b.imposes a significant cost of entry, due to infrastructure requirements.c.increases the difference between competitors because of the wide availability ofinformation.d.makes it easy to sustain operational advantages.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.8745.The Internet raises the bargaining power of customers by:a.creating new opportunities for building loyal customer bases.b.making more products available.c.making information available to everyone.d.lowering transaction costs.Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.8746.The value chain model:a.c ategorizes five related advantages for adding value to a firm’s products orservices.b.sees the supply chain as the primary activity for adding value.c.categorizes four basic strategies a firm can use to enhance its value chain.d.helps a firm identify points at which information technology can most effectivelyto enhance its competitive position.Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.8747.The primary activities of a firm include:a.inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales and marketing, andservice.b.inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, technology, and service.c.procurement, inbound logistics, operations, technology, and outbound logistics.d.procurement, operations, technology, sales and marketing, and service.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.8848.The secondary activities of a firm include:a.inbound logistics, technology, outbound logistics, sales and marketing, andservice.b.inbound logistics, organization infrastructure, outbound logistics, technology, andprocurement.anization infrastructure, human resources, sales and marketing,, andtechnology.anization infrastructure, human resources, technology, and procurement.Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p.8849.Benchmarking:pares the efficiency and effectiveness of your business processes against strictstandards.b.allows industry participants to develop industry-wide standards.c.is used to measure the speed and responsiveness of information technology.d.synchronizes the business processes of customers, suppliers, and trading partners.Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.8950.The most successful solutions or methods for achieving a business objective are called:a.value processes.b.best processes.c.value practices.d.best practices.Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.89 51. A ______________________ is a collection of independent firms that use informationtechnology to coordinate their value chains to produce a product or service for a market collectively.a.value chainb.business networkc.value webd.consortiaAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 8952.How are information systems used at the industry level to achieve strategic advantage?a.Building industry-wide, IT-supported consortia and symposiab.By raising the bargaining power of suppliersc.By encouraging the entry of new competitorsd.By enforcing standards that reduce the differences between competitorsAnswer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p.89 53.When the output of some units can be used as inputs to other units, or if twoorganizations pool markets and expertise that result in lower costs and generate profits it is often referred to as creating:a.value web.b.value chain.c.synergies.d.core competencies.Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9054.An information system can enhance core competencies by:a.providing better reporting facilities.b.creating educational opportunities for management.c.allowing operational employees to interact with management.d.encouraging the sharing of knowledge across business units.Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 9055.An example of synergy in business is:a.Cemex's use of Internet technology to allow customers to place orders directly.b.merging of JP Morgan Chase and Bank One Corporation.c.Blockbuster combining traditional video rental with online video rental.d.LL Bean’s use of German and Scandinavian styles of order fulfillment systems.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 90 56.The more any given resource is applied to production, the lower the marginal gain inoutput, until a point is reached where the additional inputs produce no additional output is referred to as:a.the point of no return.b.the law of diminishing returns.c.supply and demand.d.inelasticity.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 91work economics:a.applies the law of diminishing returns to communities of users.b.applies traditional economics to networked users.c.sees the cost of adding new members as inconsequential.d.balances the high cost of adding new members to a community against the lowercost of using network infrastructure.Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 9158.In network economics, the value of a commercial software vendor’s software products:a.increases as more people use them.b.decreases as more people use them.c.increases due to higher marginal gain in output.d.decreases according to the law of diminishing returns.Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9159. A virtual company:es the capabilities of other companies without being physically tied to thosecompanies.es Internet technology to maintain a virtual storefront.es Internet technology to maintain a networked community of users.d.provides entirely Internet-driven services, or virtual products.Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9160.Globalization allows:rmation systems to enhance core competencies.b.businesses to sell their products on a global scale.c.businesses to use the capabilities of other companies without being physically tiedto those companies.rmation systems to more fully utilize Internet capabilities.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9361.AnalysisThe greatest impact the Internet has had on globalization is:a.lowering the cost of labor.b.lowering the costs of telecommunications.c.lowering the costs of network infrastructure.d.lowering the cost of entry to global-scale operations.Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 93 Analysis in terms of categorization62. A business whose production facilities and sales facilities are in separate nations is a:a.virtual company.b.global organization.c.transnational business.d.micromultinational business.Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9463.Psychological aspects play a significant role in the definition of quality for:a.customers only.b.producers only.c.both customers and producers.d.neither customers nor producers.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 95 64.Seeing quality as the responsibility of all people and functions in an organization iscentral to the concept of:a.Six Sigma.b.TQM.c.Quality control.d.Cycle time reduction.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9665.The reduction of errors to 3.4 defects per million opportunities is central to the conceptof:a.Six sigma.b.TQM.c.Benchmarking.d.Cycle time reduction.Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9666.Which of the following is not a benefit of implementing CAD systems:a.reducing the time spent on completing a design.b.reducing the time spent on benchmarking.c.ability to review designs for errors prior to production.d.ability to produce design specifications for the manufacturing process.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 9767.Streamlining the steps taken to complete a business task more efficiently is called:a.workflow management.b.workflow reengineering.c.business process management.d.business process reengineering.Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9968.Many reengineering projects do not achieve breakthrough gains in performance because:anizational change is difficult to manage.b.it is difficult to streamline many business processes.c.workflow management is difficult to achieve.d.document management is difficult to achieve.Answer: a Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 9969.AnalysisBlockbuster’s move to include online movie rental as a part of its services illustrates the use of information systems for:petitive advantage.b.survival.c.new products and services.d.customer intimacy.Answer: b Difficulty: Hard Reference:Analysis in terms of appraise, analyze, categorize70.AnalysisWhich competitive force best categorizes the threat Netflix posed to Blockbuster?a.Rivalry among traditional competitorsb.Threat of new market entrantsc.Substitute products and servicesd.Bargaining power of customersAnswer: c Difficulty: Hard Reference:Analysis in terms of appraise, analyze, categorize71.AnalysisBlockbuster’s imp lementation of online movie rental is an example of using information technology to enhance which part of the value chain?a.Inbound logisticsb.Operationsc.Sales and marketingd.ProcurementAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference:Analysis in terms of appraise, analyze, categorize72.EvaluateYou are working for a new company, Shazaam Shoes, a retail shoe store. Shazaam willbe selling discount sport shoes in a mall that already has another discount shoe store.Which of the following tactics will help Shazaam attain more demand control?a.Increase promotional effortsb.Sell shoes onlinec.Offer a store card that gives customers deep discounts on future purchasesd.Sell a greater variety of shoes than the competitorAnswer: c Difficulty: Hard Reference:Evaluate in terms of assess, compareFill In the Blanks73.The activity of measuring performance of your business processes against strict standards iscalled benchmarkingp. 8974. A virtual company/virtual organization uses networks to link people, assets, and ideas,enabling it to work with other companies to create products and services without beinglimited by traditional organizational boundaries or physical locations.9275.Business process reengineering /BPR is a radical rethinking of business processes to takeadvantage of information systems.9776.Six Sigma is the measure of quality that represents 3.4 defects per million opportunities9577.Quality control is seen as an end in itself in Total Quality Management (TQM)9578. A CAD/computer aided design system automates and the creation and revision of designsusing computers and sophisticated graphics softwarep. 9679.Mass customization is the ability to offer individually tailored products and services usingthe same production resources as mass production.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 8280.The value chain model highlights the primary or support activities that add a margin of valueto a firm’s products or services where information systems can best be applied to achieve a competitive advantage.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 8781.A(n) primary activity is one that is directly related to the production and distribution of afirm’s products or services.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 8882.A(n) support activity is a part of the organization’s infrastructure, human resources,technology, and procurement that makes the delivery of the firm’s products or servicespossible.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 8883.The value web is a collection of independent firms that use information technology tocoordinate their value chains to collectively produce a product or service for a market.Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 8984.Product differentiation is a competitive strategy for creating brand loyalty by developingnew and unique products and services that are not easily duplicated by competitors.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 8185.Switching costs are the expenses incurred by a customer or company in lost time andresources when changing from one supplier or system to a competing supplier or system.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 7886.A(n) core competency is an activity at which a firm excels as a world-class leader.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 9087.Porter’s competitive forces model illustrates that a firm faces a number of external threatsand opportunities.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 7988.According to the law of diminishing returns the more any given resource is applied toproduction, the lower the marginal gain in output, until a point is reached where theadditional inputs produce no additional outputs.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 91Essay Questions89.Discuss the impact of the Internet on the competitive forces model.The traditional competitive forces are still at work, but the Internet has made competitiverivalry much more intense. Internet technology is based on universal standards that anycompany can use, making it easy for rivals to compete on price alone and for newcompetitors to enter the market. Easy access to information on the Internet raises thebargaining power of customers, who can quickly find the lowest-cost provider on the Web,lowering profits. At the same time, the Internet creates new opportunities for building brandsand building very large and loyal customer bases that are willing to pay a premium for thebrand. The traditional Porter model assumes a relatively static industry environment;relatively clear-cut industry boundaries; and a relatively stable set of suppliers, substitutes,and customers, with the focus on industry players in a market environment. Instead ofparticipating in a single industry, some of today’s firms participate in industry sets andbusiness ecosystems that —collections of industries that provide related services andproducts.90.Value chain analysis is useful at the business level to highlight specific activities in thebusiness where information systems are most likely to have a strategic impact. Discuss thismodel, identify the activities, and describe how the model can be applied to the concept ofinformation technology.The value chain model identifies specific, critical leverage points where a firm can useinformation technology most effectively to enhance its competitive positions. Exactly wherecan it obtain the greatest benefit from strategic information systems – what specific activitiescan be used to create new products and services, enhance market penetration, lock incustomers and suppliers, and lower operational costs? This model views the firm as a seriesor chain of basic activities that add a m argin of value to a firm’s products or services. Theseactivities can be categorized as either primary activities or support activities.•Primary activities – are most directly related to the production anddistribution of the firm’s products and services that create value for thecustomer. Primary activities include inbound logistics, operations, outboundlogistics, sales and marketing, and service.•Support activities – make the delivery of the primary activities possible andconsist of organization infrastructure (administration and management),human resources (employee recruiting, hiring, and training, technology(improving products and the production process), and procurement(purchasing input).Apply Porter’s competitive forces model to the Major League Baseball problems discussed in Chapter 1.petitors: MLB’s major competitor was television: fans would watch games onTV rather than attend in person.2.New Market Entrants: Because of a high barrier to entry, MLB faces little if anycompetition from similar businesses.3.Substitute products and services: In MLB’s case, a low-to-no price substitute isavailable by games being broadcast on TV.4.Customers: The bargaining power of MLB’s customers lies in their ability to choosetelevision broadcasts over live games.5.Suppliers: If baseball players can be seen as a key supplier, the bargaining power ofsuppliers is a constant challenge. The high cost of players results in high ticket costs.Analysis in terms of categorize, examine, analyze92.EvaluateThe text describes Michael Porter’s view of the Internet as somewhat negative. Whatnegative influences does Porter see? Describe several positive influences the Internet has on business. Do these outweigh the negative influences?An answer might be:Porter sees the Internet as creating ever more intense rivalry, through allowing newcompetitors to enter the market, and forcing competition on price alone, raising thebargaining power of customers, and dampening profits.Positive influences of the Internet would be lowering telecommunications costs, creatingnew opportunities for building brands and loyal customer bases, lowering costs ofglobalization. You could also view Porter’s negative take on lowering the barrier to entry asa positive for new companies.The Internet’s influence being negative or positive depends in part on the point of view from which the influence is being seen. For example, a telephone utility is impacted negatively by the emergence of Internet telephony, while other industries may be impacted positivelyeither through the use of this technology or through engaging in Internet telephony as abusiness.Evaluate in terms of assess, compare, evaluate。
管理信息系统第七版(-第1章)信息系统与管理
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第一章 信息系统与管理
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1.3信息的度量
利用概率度量
• 数据资料中含信息量的多 少是由消除对事物认识的
示例 • 例如，现在某甲到1 000人的学校去找某乙，这时，在
某甲的头脑中，某乙所处的可能性空间是该学校的1000
“不确定程度”来决定的。
人。当传达室告诉他：“这个人是管理系的”，而管理
——姜旭平.信息系统开发方法.北京:清华大学出版社,1997.10
信息处理
信息传输
信息处理
• 信息处理系统对数据进行 处理，使它获得新的结构 与形态或者产生新的数据。
• 比如计算机系统就是一种 信息处理系统，通过它对 输入数据的处理可获得不 同形态的新的数据。
信息传输
• 信息传输系统不改变信息本身的内容， 作用是把信息从一处传到另一处。
信息管理
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全球经济一体化和知识经济到来
第一章 信息系统与管理
知识管理
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本章内容
• 第一节 信息及其度量 • 第二节 信息系统的概念及发展 • 第三节 信息系统及管理 • 第四节 管理信息系统面临的挑战 • 第五节 信息系统的伦理
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2.1系统和信息系统
说明
• 在这种单位制度下，信息量的定义公式可写成：
H(x)＝–∑P(Xi) log2 P(Xi)
i＝1, 2, 3,•••, n
这里Xi代表第i个状态（总共有n个状态），P(Xi)代表出
现第i个状态的概率，H(x)就是用以消除这个系统不确定性
所需的信息量。
示例
• 例如硬币下落可能有正反两种状态，出现这两种状态的
管理信息系统(第7版)PPT+试题库 ESS_7E_testbank_CH08
Chapter 8Achieving Operational Excellence and Customer Intimacy: Enterprise ApplicationsTrue-False Questions1.Small companies do not face the same challenges in coordinating the activities of distributionchannels as do large, multi-national corporations.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 2622.Manufacturing companies typically think about their supply chains as a process ultimatelyfocused on serving the customerAnswer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 2623.Enterprise software allows data to be used by multiple functions and business processes forprecise organizational coordination and control.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 264panies can use configuration tables provided by the enterprise software to tailor aparticular aspect of the system to the way it does business.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 2655.Enterprise systems use a client/server architecture and have not yet been redesigned to takeadvantage of the Web.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 2656.When doing business worldwide, enterprise-enabled organizations use enterprise systems toemphasize functional boundaries and deemphasize cross-functional coordination.Answer: False Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 2667.Enterprise systems can improve management reporting and decision making.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 2668.The upstream portion of the supply chain consists of the organizations and processes fordistributing and delivering products to the final customers.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 2689.Supply chains in large manufacturing companies are multitiered.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 26810.Supply chain inefficiencies can waste as much as 25 percent of a company’s operating costs.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 269 11.Low inventory acts a buffer for the lack of flexibility in the supply chain.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 269 12.Bullwhip effect is the distortion of information about the demand for a product as it passesfrom one entity to the next across the supply chain.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 269 13.Supply chain execution systems enable the firm to generate demand forecasts for a productand to develop sourcing and manufacturing plans for that product.Answer: False Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 271 14.In the pre-Internet environment, supply chain coordination was hampered by the difficultiesof making information flow smoothly among different internal supply chain processes.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 271 15.Intranets can be used to integrate information from isolated business processes within thefirm to help them manage their internal supply chains.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 271 16.The Internet provides a standard set of tools that can be used by companies all over the worldto coordinate overseas sourcing, transportation, communications, financing, and compliance with customs regulations.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 272 17.In a push-based model, actual customer orders or purchases trigger events in the supplychain.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 272 18.In a pull-based model, production master schedules are based on forecasts of demand forproducts.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 273 19.Dell Inc. is an example of a push-based model.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27320.Total supply chain costs represent the majority of operating expenses for many businessesand in some industries approach 75 percent of the total operating budget.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 274 21.Customer relationship management can help organizations identify customers who cost a lotto attract and to keep.Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 275 22.Cross-selling markets complementary products to customers.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 278 23.Major CRM application software vendors include Siebel Systems, Clarify, and.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 276 24.Bundling is one kind of cross-selling in which a combination of products is sold as a bundleat a price higher than the total cost of the individual products.Answer: False Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 278 25.Analytical CRM uses a customer data warehouse and tools to analyze customer datacollected from the firm’s customer touch points and from other sources.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 280 26.When building an enterprise system, the benefits are easily quantified at the beginning of theproject.Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 283 27.SAP’s mySAP and Oracle’s e-Business Suite are both examples of software vendors thathave developed flexible enterprise suites that can link to systems of customers and suppliers.Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 283 28.Enterprise systems require fundamental changes in the way the business operates.Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 283Multiple-Choice Questions29.What problem in its supply chain system did Whirlpool face by 2000?a.High inventory of finished goods but low availabilityb.Low amounts of finished goodsc.High availability of goods but poor forecastingd.High demand but low inventories of finished goodsAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26130.(Synthesis)Which type of system, from a constituency perspective, did Whirlpool need to improve?a.MISb.DSSc.TPSd.ESSAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: NA(Synthesis in terms of arrange, model)31.What unique approach did Whirlpool employ in defining a solution?a.Seeing the supply chain as originating with suppliersb.Seeing the supply chain as a way to focus on customersc.Seeing the supply chain as an extension of its sales practicesd.Seeing the supply chain as a tool secondary to knowledge managementAnswer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26232.(Analysis)Why is overstocking warehouses not an effective solution for a problem of low availability?a.It does not speed product time to marketb.It is an inefficient use of raw materialsc.It increases sales costsd.It increases inventory costsAnswer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 262(Analysis in terms of compare, appraise)33.(Analysis)Which of the following business values of supply chain management systems didWhirlpool’s solution illustrate most effectively?ing assets more effectivelyb.Speed product time to marketc.Matching supply to demandd.Reducing costsAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 262 (Analysis in terms of compare, appraise)34. A suite of integrated software modules for finance and accounting, human resources,manufacturing and production, and sales and marketing that allows data to be used bymultiple functions and business processes best describes:a. process management software.b. ERP systemsc. groupwared. application software.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 264 35.This type of software enables data to be used by multiple functions and business processesfor precise organization coordination and control:a. groupware.b. application software.c. collaboration software.d. enterprise software.Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26436.This software is built around thousands of predefined business processes:a. process management softwareb. collaboration software.c. enterprise software.d. groupware software.Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26537.The most successful solutions for consistently and effectively achieving a business objectiveare referred to as:a. enterprise solutions.b. best practices.c. operational excellence.d. business processes.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 265 38.SynthesisYou have been asked to implement enterprise software for a manufacturer of kitchenappliances. What is the first step you should take?a. Select the functions of the system you wish to useb. Select the business processes you wish to automatec. Map the company’s business processes to the software’s business processesd. Map the software’s business processes to the company’s business processesAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 265Synthesize in the sense of arrange, assemble, organize39.In order to achieve maximum benefit from an enterprise software package, a business:a.Customizes the software to match all of its business processeses only the processes in the software that match its own processesc.Changes the way it works to match the software’s business processesd.Selects only the software that best matches its existing business processesAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 265 40.When tailoring a particular aspect of a system to the way a company does business,enterprise software can provide the company with:a. configuration tables.b. project workbooks.c. data dictionaries.d. state transition diagrams.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26541.Nestlé SA installed an enterprise system as a way of:a.standardizing and coordinating its business processes in 500 facilities in 80 countries.b.allowing its 500 facilities in 80 countries to maintain unique business processes whileutilizing the same corporate-wide data and analyses.c.decentralizing management.d.enabling more responsive supply chain management.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26642.Supply chain complexity and scale:a.affect both very small companies and large, global corporations.b.were difficult to address before the Internet.c.result when firms produce complex products and services.d.result when firms implement full-scale supply-chain management systems.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 266 43.(Analysis)Which of the following problems that China Telecom faced best illustrates the businessobjective of survival?a. Outdated IT infrastructureb. Competition from mobile phone servicesc. Compliance with international reporting regulations for publicly traded companiesd. Lack of integration of business functionsAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 266 (Analysis in terms of categorize)44.(Analysis)Whirlpool, China Telecom, and IHOP all chose enterprise software packages from vendors because:a. these packages are built for adaptability.b. packaged software is less expensive.c. ERP software can be completely customized for unique business processes.d. the packaged software chosen addressed their unique needs.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 266 (Analysis in terms of differentiate)45. A network of organizations and business processes for procuring raw materials, transformingthese materials into intermediate and finished products, and distributing the finished products to customers is called a:a. distribution channel.b. supply chain.c. value chain.d. marketing chain.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 266 46.(Synthesis)Which of the following technologies were implemented in China Telecom’s new ERPsystem to allow linking with existing systems to create new cross-functional applications?a.Web services and XMLb.Utility computing and Web servicesc.Java-based application generatorsd.EAI software toolsAnswer: a Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 267(Synthesis in terms of assemble, build)ponents or parts of finished products are referred to as:a.upstream materials.b.raw materials.c.secondary products.d.intermediate products.Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 268 48. A company’s suppliers, supplier’s suppliers, and the processes for managing relationshipswith them is:a.t he supplier’s internal supply chain.b.the external supply chain.c.the upstream portion of the supply chain.d.the downstream portion of the supply chain.Answer: c Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 26849. A company’s organizations and processes for distributing and delivering products to the finalcustomers is:a.the supplier’s internal supply chain.b.the external supply chain.c.the upstream portion of the supply chain.d.the downstream portion of the supply chain.Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 26950.Uncertainties arise in a supply chain because of:a.inaccurate or untimely information.b.poor integration between systems of suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors.c.inefficient or inaccurate MIS.d.unforeseeable events.Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 269 51.Which of the following traditional solutions enables manufacturers to deal with uncertaintiesin the supply chain?a.Safety stockb.Overstockingc.Just-in-time strategiesd.Demand planningAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 269 52. A scheduling system for minimizing inventory by having components arrive exactly at themoment they are needed and finished goods shipped as soon as they leave the assembly line best describes:a. just-in-time.b. stockless inventory.c. ASAP inventory.d. replenishment-only inventory.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 269 53. A distortion of information about the demand for a product as it passes from one entity to thenext across the supply chain is called:a. bullwhip effect.b. ripple effect.c. replenishment effect.d. exponential effect.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26954.Supply chain software can be classified as either:a. supply chain source systems or supply chain recovery systems.b. supply chain make systems or supply chain delivery systems.c. supply chain return systems or supply chain make systems.d. supply chain planning systems or supply chain execution systems.Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 270 55.Systems that enable a firm to generate demand forecasts for a product and to developsourcing and manufacturing plans for that product best describes:a. supply chain demand systems.b. supply chain delivery systems.c. supply chain planning systems.d. supply chain execution systems.Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27056.The central objective of supply chain management systems is:a. Information visibilityb. Information accuracyc. Automating the flow of informationd. Speeding up the flow of informationAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27057.Supply chain planning systems:a. track the physical status of goods.b. identify the transportation mode to use for product delivery.c. track the financial information involving all parties.d. track the status of ordersAnswer: b Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 271 58.This supply chain planning function determines how much product is needed to satisfy allcustomer demandsa. Distribution managementb. Replenishment planningc. Demand planningd. Order planningAnswer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27159.Systems to manage the flow of products through distribution centers and warehouses toensure that products are delivered to the right locations in the most efficient manner bestdescribes:a. supply chain demand systems.b. supply chain delivery systems.c. supply chain planning systems.d. supply chain execution systems.Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27160.Supply chain execution systems:a.schedule product subassemblies.b.help the company determine how much of a specific product to manufacture in a giventime period.c.enable the firm to generate demand forecasts for a product.d.develop sourcing and manufacturing plans to determine how much of a specific productto manufacture in a given time period.Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 27261.Capabilities of supply chain planning systems would not include:a. replenishment.b. advanced scheduling and manufacturing planning.c. demand planning.d. order planning.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27262. A supply chain driven by actual customer orders or purchases follows a:a.pull-based model.b.build-to-stock model.c.push-based model.d.replenishment-driven model.Answer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27363. A build-to-order supply-chain model is also called a:a.supply-driven model.b.demand-driven model.c.replenishment-driven model.d.push-based model.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27364.Concurrent supply chains are made possible by which technology?a. Internet technologyb. Pull-based technologyc. Supply chain management systemsd. Just-in-time supply-chain technologiesAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 273panies with effective supply chain management systems can expect:a. improved customer service and responsiveness.b. cost reduction.c. reduced inventory levels.d. All of the aboveAnswer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 274 66. A method of firm interaction with a customer, such as telephone, e-mail, customer servicedesk, conventional mail, or point of purchase best describes:a. point of presence.b. touch point.c. market entry.d. channel point.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 275 67.Which of the following deals with employee issues that are closely related to CRM, such assetting objectives, employee performance management, performance-based compensation, and employee training?a. Enterprise systems softwareb. Employee relationship management softwarec. Supply chain management softwared. Customer relationship management softwareAnswer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 27668.(Analysis)Based on your reading of the International House of Pancakes case study, which strategy for combating competitive forces was a chief focus of IHOP’s updated information systems?a. Low-cost leadershipb. Product differentiationc. Focus on market niched. Strengthen customer and supplier intimacyAnswer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 277(Analysis in terms of categorize)69.Cross-selling in which a combination of products is sold as a bundle at a price lower than thetotal cost of the individual products best describes:a. collaborative marketing.b. up-selling.c. discount selling.d. bundling.Answer: d Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 278 70.The marketing of elevated-value products or services to new or existing customers is referredto as:a. cross- selling.b. up-selling.c. discount selling.d. bundling.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 278 71.Verizon sells telephone services that include local and long-distance service, voice mailservice, caller identification, and digital subscriber line access to the Internet. This is a form of:a. up-selling.b. bundling.c. customer relationship management.d. cross-marketing.Answer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 27872.Which of the following is an important capability for service processes that is found in mostmajor CRM software products?a.returns management.b.order management.c.account management.d.events management.Answer: a Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 279 73.Customer relationship management applications dealing with the analysis of customer data toprovide information for improving business performance best describes:a. operational customer relationship management applications.b. analytical customer relationship management applications.c. supply chain management applications.d. generic customer relationship management applications.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 280 74.Analyzing sales representative and customer service representative productivity is anexample of:a. CLTVb. operational CRM.c. analytical CRM.d. demand planning.Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 280 75.This metric is based on the relationship between the revenue produced by a specificcustomer, the expenses incurred in acquiring and servicing that customer, and the expected life of the relationship between the customer and the company.a. churn rateb. CLTVc. cost per leadd. cost per saleAnswer: b Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 281 76.The measurement of the number of customers who stop using or purchasing products orservices from a company is called:a. switching costs.b. churn rate.c. decline rate.d. switch rate.Answer: b Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 28277.From your reading of the Philip Morris International case study, which technology is seen asbeing able to manage the supply chain problems?a.RFIDb.Bluetoothc.Web servicesd.Wireless sensor networksAnswer: a Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 28778.(Synthesis)The technologies needed for controlling PMI’s supply chain are most likely to erode whichcompetitive advantage?a. Barrier to entry that restrict supplyb. Demand controlc. Economy of scaled. Process efficiencyAnswer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 288(Synthesis in terms of assemble, build)Fill in the Blanks79.Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems are based on a suite of integrated softwaremodules and a common central database.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26480.Enterprise software consists of a set of interdependent software modules that support basicinternal business processes for finance and accounting, human resources, manufacturing andproduction, and sales and marketing.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26481.Best practices are the most successful solutions or problem-solving methods for consistentlyand effectively achieving a business objective.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 26582.SAP, Oracle-PeopleSoft, and SSA Global are all vendors of enterprise software packages.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26583.The supply chain is a network of organizations and business processes for procuring rawmaterials, transforming these materials into intermediate and finished products, anddistributing the finished products to customers.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26684.The upstream portion of the supply chain includes the organization’s suppliers and theirsuppliers and the process of managing relationships with them.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26885.The downstream portion of the supply chain consists of the organizations and processes fordistributing and delivering products to the final customers.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26886.In the supply chain process, planning consists of processes that balance aggregate demandand supply to develop a course of action to meet sourcing, production, and deliveryrequirements.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 270rmation about the demand for a product getting distorted as it passes from one entity tothe next across the supply chain is referred to as the bullwhip effect.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 26988.Supply chain planning systems are a category of supply chain management systems thatenable a firm to generate demand forecasts for a product and to develop sourcing andmanufacturing plans for that product.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27089.Demand planning is used to determine how much product a business needs to make tosatisfy all of its customers’ demands.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27190.Supply chain execution systems manage the flow of products through distribution centersand warehouses to ensure that products are delivered to the right locations in the mostefficient manner.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27191.Firms can use intranets to improve coordination among their internal supply chain processes,and they can use extranets to coordinate supply chain processes shared with their business partners.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27192.In a push-based model of supply chain management systems, production master schedulesare based on forecasts or best guesses of demand for products, and products are shoved to customers.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27293.With new flows of information made possible by Web-based tools, supply chainmanagement can more easily follow a pull-based model.Difficulty: Hard Reference: p. 27394.Partnership relationship management (PRM) uses many of the same data, tools, andsystems as customer relationship management to enhance collaboration between a company and its selling partners.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 27695.A(n) touch point is a method of interaction with the customer, such as telephone, e-mail,customer service desk, conventional mail, Web site, or retail store.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27596.Employee relationship management software deals with employee issues that are closelyrelated to CRM, such as setting objectives, employee performance management,performance-based compensation, and employee training.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 27697.Sales force automation modules in CRM systems help sales staff increase their productivityby focusing sales efforts on the most profitable customers, those who are good candidates for sales and services.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 27698.Cross-selling is the marketing of complementary products to customers.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 27899.Up-selling is the marketing of higher-value products or services to new or existingcustomers.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 278100.Bundling is one kind of cross-selling in which a combination of products is sold as a package at a price lower than the total cost of the individual products.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 278101.Operational CRM includes customer-facing applications such as tools for sales force automation, call center and customer service support, and marketing automation.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 279102.Analytical CRM includes applications that analyze customer data generated by operational CRM applications to provide information for improving business performance management.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 280103.The churn rate measures the number of customers who stop using or purchasing products or services from a company.Difficulty: Easy Reference: p. 282104.Customer lifetime value (CLTV) is based on the relationship between the revenue produced by a specific customer, the expenses incurred in acquiring and servicing that customer, and the expected life of the relationship between the customer and the company.Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 281Essay Questions105.Identify and briefly describe three major enterprise applications.Enterprise systems, customer relationship management, and supply chain management arethree enterprise applications. Enterprise systems are based on a suite of integrated softwaremodules and a common central database. Enterprise systems utilize enterprise software tosupport financial and accounting, human resources, manufacturing and production, and salesand marketing processes. Enterprise systems provide many benefits including an enterprise-enabled organization, improved management reporting and decision making, a unifiedinformation systems technology platform, and more efficient operations and customer-drivenbusiness processes.Supply chain management systems help an organization better manage its supply chain,including planning, sourcing, making, delivering, and returning items. Supply chainmanagement software can be categorized as a supply chain planning system or as a supplychain execution system. A supply chain planning system enables a firm to generate demandforecasts for a product and to develop sourcing and manufacturing plans for that product.A supply chain execution system manages the flow of products through distribution centersand warehouses to ensure that products are delivered to the right locations in the mostefficient manner. Supply chain management benefits include improved customer service andresponsiveness, cost reduction, and cash utilization.Customer relationship management systems help firms maximize the benefits of theircustomer assets. These systems capture and consolidate data from all over the organizationand then distribute the results to various systems and customer touch points across theenterprise. Customer relationship management systems can be classified as operational or asanalytical. Operational CRM refers to customer-facing applications, such as sales forceautomation, call center and customer service support, and marketing automation. AnalyticalCRM refers to customer relationship management applications dealing with the analysis ofcustomer data to provide information for improving business performance. Benefits includeincreased customer satisfaction, reduced direct marketing costs, more effective marketing,and lower costs for customer acquisition and retention.106.What is an enterprise system? What is enterprise software?Enterprise systems focus on integrating the key internal business processes of the firm.Enterprise software is used by enterprise systems and is a set of integrated software modulesfor finance and accounting, human resources, manufacturing and production, and sales andmarketing that allows data to be used by multiple functions and business processes.。
管理信息系统题库（8套）及答案（8套）
管理信息系统题库（8套）及答案（8套）《管理信息系统》试题库1⼀、填空题1. 信息系统包括信息处理系统和信息传输系统两个⽅⾯。
信息处理系统对输⼊数据进⾏处理，获得新的数据；⽽信息传播系统则不改变信息本⾝的内容，作⽤是把信息从⼀处传到另⼀处。
2. 管理系统按层次可分为战略管理、管理控制和作业管理等三个层次。
3. 数据通常按四个层次进⾏组织。
这四个层次是：数据项、记录、⽂件和数据库。
4. 所谓数据的物理组织，指的是由计算机操作系统提供的数据组织功能。
⽽数据的逻辑组织，指的是对相关记录进⾏逻辑上的编排。
5. 数据模型有层次数据模型、⽹状数据模型和关系数据模型等⼏种。
⼆、选择题1.下列系统开发的各阶段中难度最⼤的是 ( A )A、系统分析B、系统设计C、系统实施D、系统规划2.数据库的组织结构中包括的模式有（ D ）A、内模式B、（概念）模式C、外模式D、前三个选项都对3.U/C矩阵的正确性检验没有包含的⼀种是：（ B ）A、完备性检验B、准确性检验C、⼀致性检验D、⽆冗余性检验4.⽂件系统中最⼩的数据存取单位是( A )A、数据项B、记录C、⽂件D、数据库5.某公司把库存物资出⼊库和出⼊库财务记账处理综合成⼀个应⽤⼦系统，这种⼦系统是将（ B ）A、供销职能和⽣产职能关联在⼀起B、供销职能和财务职能关联在⼀起C、财务职能和⽣产职能关联在⼀起D、供销职能和市场职能关联在⼀起6. 下列关于结构化⽅法和原型法的描述错误的是( B )A、结构化开发⽅法是以系统⼯程的思想和⼯程化的⽅法进⾏开发B、对于运算量⼤、逻辑性较强的程序模块可采⽤原型法来构造模型C、结构化⽅法要求严格区分开发阶段D、原型法要求的软件⽀撑环境⽐结构化⽅法⾼7.可⾏性分析的内容包括( C )A、业务上的可⾏性、管理上的可⾏性、决策上的可⾏性B、技术上的可⾏性、业务上的可⾏性、管理上的可⾏性C、经济上的可⾏性、技术上的可⾏性、管理上的可⾏性D、经济上的可⾏性、业务上的可⾏性、管理上的可⾏性8. 数据库系统的核⼼是（ C ）A、数据库B、操作系统C、数据库管理系统D、数据库系统9. 某企业建⽴了⽣产、销售、⼈事等从基层到⾼层的MIS，这种MIS的结构为( C )A、职能结构B、横向综合结构C、总的综合结构D、纵向综合结构10. 绘制系统流程图的基础是（ B ）A、数据关系图B、数据流程图C、数据结构图D、功能结构图11.VFP语⾔属于第( D )代计算机语⾔。
管理信息系统考试复习题及答案
管理信息系统考试复习题及答案1、管理信息系统开发⽅法有哪⼏种，说明每种开发⽅法的基本思想。
（1）结构化⽣命周期法:⽤系统的思想，系统⼯程的⽅法，按⽤户⾄上的原则，结构化、模块化、⾃顶向下地对信息系统进⾏分析与设计（2）快速原型法:在较短时间内建⽴⼀个实验性的、简单的信息系统原型,依据⽤户提出的评价意见对简易原型进⾏修改补充和完善，直⾄⽤户和开发者都⽐较满意为⽌（3）⾯向对象法:使⽤对象、类、继承、封装、消息等基本概念来进⾏软件开发。
2、结构化⽣命周期法包括哪些阶段？各阶段的主要任务是什么？①可⾏性分析②信息系统规划③信息系统分析④信息系统设计⑤信息系统实施⑥系统运⾏管理与评价3、快速原型法的开发步骤和应⽤前提是什么？（1）步骤（2）应⽤前提:开发⽤户需求不清，管理及业务处理不稳定，需求常常变化规模⼩，不太复杂有⽐较成熟借鉴经验的系统开发适⽤于开发信息系统最终⽤户界⾯4、⾯向对象系统开发⽅法的优点是什么？加强了对问题域和系统责任的理解改进与分析有关的各类⼈员之间的交流对需求的变化具有较强的适应性（封装性）⽀持软件复⽤（类的完整性和独⽴性）5、试述可⾏性分析中"可⾏"的含义及可⾏性分析的主要内容（1）可⾏性包括可能性和必要性（2）可⾏性分析的主要内容为：经济可⾏性，技术可⾏性，以及管理上的可⾏性。
7、什么是数据？什么是信息？⼆者之间的主要区别体现在哪⾥？举例说明。
（1）数据是⽤来反映客观世界⽽记录下来的可以鉴别的物理符号（2）信息是经过加⼯处理的对⼈们有⽤的数据，通常可以在某种程度上影响接收者的⾏为。
（3）信息不随载荷它的物理载体⽽改变，数据则不然，它在计算机化的信息系统中往往和计算机系统有关8、信息系统发展的诺兰6阶段模型的后4个阶段是？9、系统分析的主要⼯作内容.对现⾏系统功能要求和性能要求进⾏调查和分析进⾏数据分析，建⽴数据库逻辑模型进⾏功能分析，确定新系统逻辑结构明确处理⽅式，提出系统分析总结报告10、系统设计要提交那些⽂档资料。
管理信息系统最全试题库
《管理信息系统》试题库1一、填空题1.信息系统包括系统和系统两个方面。
系统对输入数据进行处理，获得新的数据；而系统则不改变信息本身的内容，作用是把信息从一处传到另一处。
2.管理系统按层次可分为战略管理、和等三个层次。
3.数据通常按四个层次进行组织。
这四个层次是：数据项、、文件和。
4.所谓数据的组织，指的是由计算机操作系统提供的数据组织功能。
而数据的组织，指的是对相关记录进行逻辑上的编排。
5.数据模型有层次数据模型、和等几种。
二、选择题三、判断题1.管理信息系统规划的主要方法包括CSF、SST和 BSP方法。
（）2.人是信息化的社会生产力中最积极、最活跃的因素。
（）3.系统开发是系统建设中工作任务最为繁重的阶段。
（）4.系统建设中面临问题的主要原因是缺乏科学的、有效的系统规划。
（）5.某种物料的需求量可由企业内部其他物料的需求量来决定的称为相关需求物料。
（）6.管理信息系统是一个能够替代人的工作的系统。
（）7.结构化系统开发方法的每一个阶段都有明确的工作目标。
（）8. 信息的价值关键在于对数据解释的正确性。
（）9. 从信息的使用频率来看，越是企业的高层（战略层）信息使用的频率越高。
（）10.对于大系统来说，划分子系统的工作应在系统规划阶段进行。
（）四、简答题1.MRPII的基本思想和特点是什么？2.系统的好坏可从哪四个方面进行评价？3.简述管理信息系统的含义。
4.简述结构化开发方法的基本思想。
五、分析论述题1.设要建立一个企业数据库，要求如下：（1）某企业各部门有许多职员，但一个职员仅属于一个部门；（2）每个职员可在多项工程中承担工作或负责管理，每项工程可有多个职员做工，但只有一个负责管理者。
试根据以上要求画出该问题的E-R 图2.下列是运算完毕的UC 矩阵，①在矩阵上划分子系统需要注意哪三个方面？②请在矩阵上划分子系统计财产零材材成任设物工客销订成职列划务件料料本务备资艺售本工号计品规表库库单负供流户区货Y划格存存荷应程域经营计划C U U U1财务规划U C UU2资产规模U3产品预测U U U4产品设计开发U C C C U5产品工艺U U U U6库存控制U C C U U7调度U U C U U8生产能力计划C U U9材料需求U U U C10操作顺序U U U C11销售管理U U C U U12市场分析U U C U13订货服务U U U U C14发运U U U U15财务会计U U U U U U16成本会计U U U C17用人计划C18业绩考评U19《管理信息系统》试题库2一、填空题1．所谓管理就是去营造一种激励环境，________________________，发挥群体的协同效应，以实现企业或组织的目标。
管理信息系统(第7版)PPT+试题库 Ch05-disc
Chapter 5Answers to Discussion Questions:1. A DBMS has three capabilities: 1) data definition is the capability to specify thestructure of the content of the data. It’s used to create database tables and define the characteristics of the fields in each table; 2) the data dictionary stores definitions of data elements and their characteristics; 3) the data manipulation language is used to add, change, delete, and retrieve data in the database. Data dictionaries are important because they are a lasting source of information about each data element that helps ensure the credibility and quality of data. Dictionaries for large corporate databases should include information about usage, ownership, authorization, security, business functions, programs, and reports that use each data element.2.Data warehouses and data marts store vast amounts of data available for analysis ofcustomers, suppliers, business partners, and employees. If users analyze these data to see new patterns, relationships, and insights they can make better business decisions and improve a business’s competitive strategies. The tools available for businessintelligence include database query software, multidimensional data analysis, anddata mining.3.Web browsers are easier to use than most database query languages for accessing andcompiling information. An organization can build a Web-based “front-end” to the database without having to rework the database structure itself. No special software for users, other than a browser program, is necessary for accessing databases attached to a Web site.4. A data mart is a small group of data, or subset, extracted from a larger data warehouse.It’s easier and cheaper to sort through a small data mart than to sort through the entire database of a warehouse. An organization can create a data mart focused on a portion of its data for specific purposes, instead of the entire database.5.Managers should focus on three issues regarding data resources: information policies,data administration, and data quality. Information policies are important management tools because they specify rules for sharing, disseminating, acquiring, standardizing, classifying, and inventorying information. Data administration is responsible forspecific policies and procedures through which data can be managed as anorganizational resource. Data quality audits can identify problems with data quality and help rectify errors in the database before they create even more managementproblems.。
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Chapter 11
Answers to Discussion Questions:
1.Elements of managing the implementation of a new information system are the user-
designer communications gap, the level of complexity and risk, and the challenge of BPR and ERP. Additional elements are concerned with user involvement and
overcoming user resistance, perhaps the biggest challenges management will face. 2.Application software packages are prewritten programs and are convenient for non-
techies to use. The system documentation is prewritten and updates to the program are easy to obtain from the vendor. Technical support, updates, bug fixes, and
enhancements are available from Web sites.
3.Causes of implementation success and failure are user involvement and influence, the
level of complexity and risk, management support and commitment, and management of the implementation process. Failing to adequately managing these important
elements, along with the fundamental organizational changes will result in a high probability of system failure.
4.Answers should reference Table 11-5, The User-Designer Communications Gap, and
include references to how the techies view projects differently than the non-techies.
5.Advantages of using prototyping as an alternative system-building approach include
more rapid development with less cost; more user involvement in defining
requirements and building the application; better user interface with the system.
Disadvantages include more costly development if the basic principles of system development are ignored; failing to ensure the prototype fits in with other information systems; the prototype not supporting overall business and organizational plans;
creating islands of information from the prototype.。