【高一试卷】湖北孝感市重点高中教科研协作体2022-2023学年高一下学期4月期中联考语文试题及答案
湖北省孝感市重点高中教科研协作体2022-2023学年高一下学期4月期中联考语文试题考试时间：2023年4月13日上午9：00—11：30试卷满分：150分注意事项：1、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定的位置上。
2、回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需要改动，先用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，17分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。
材料一：西方戏剧的观念与中国戏曲的观念，是迥然有别的。
古希腊亚里士多德对戏剧进行了理论总结，写下了著名的《诗学》。
他说：“悲剧是对于一个严肃、完整、有一定长度的行动的摹仿。
”悲剧“最重要的是情节，即事件的安排……悲剧中没有行动，则不成为悲剧，但没有性格，仍然不失为悲剧。
”中国的戏曲理论，无论是明代的汤显祖还是清代的李渔，阐述的重点都是在演员的演技和唱腔方面，剧本的故事无不处于次要的位置。
这种理论上的差异，自然造就了舞台演出的分疆。
西方的戏剧注重情节，强调客观真实性。
演员的演出力图逼真。
苏联时期的斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基要求演员在演出中放弃自我本性完全投入到角色中去，以期最大程度地符合剧情的客观真实性。
他在排演莎士比亚的《奥赛罗》时，这样处理威尼斯的小船驶过舞台：“船下要装小轮子。
小轮子必须妥善地装上一层厚橡皮，使船能平稳地滑动……小船要十二个人推着走，用鼓风机向口袋里吹胀了气，以此形成翻滚的波浪……使用的槽是锡制的、空心的，在空心的槽里灌上一半水，摇槽时里面的水便会动荡，发出典型的威尼斯河水的冲击声。
”舞台上一切的安排就是要把一个不容怀疑和增减的情节让观众接受。
中国的戏曲注重的是演员的表演，对戏曲的情节并不十分苛求。
戏曲也强调逼真，但这种逼真不是在摹仿现实的细节摹仿得惟妙惟肖的基础上，而是通过演员的表演，把舞台上没有的东西“无中生有”地表现给观众看。
如布莱希特看了梅兰芳表演的《打渔杀家》后写道：“他表演一位渔家少女怎样驾驶一叶小舟，她站立着摇着一支长不过膝的小桨，这就是驾驶小舟，但舞台上并没有小舟……观众这种感情是由演员的姿势引起的，正是这种姿势使得这场行船的戏获得名声。
”中西舞台演出的不同，自然也造就了欣赏的异趣。
西方看戏剧的观众十有八九是以认知的心态去观赏的。
他们努力设身处地地沉浸到剧中去，做一个“事件过程”的偷窥者或目击者。
在戏剧的剧场里，观众的神情始终是关注的，观众席上始终是寂静的，大家都在悄悄地“偷看”台上发生的“事件”。
观众即使被“事件”触动，也不敢即席发声与伙伴交流，就像在现实中不敢打扰旁人的生活一样。
走出剧场，他们感受的焦点在于，评判演员和情节“像”还是“不像”，反思自己“知”还是“不知”。
如果“知”了就不再进剧场。
西方戏剧以及类似样式的艺术，一般很难吸引没有偏爱的回客。
中国观众到剧场里去看戏，与其说看戏曲故事，不如说看演员能力。
老练的观众常常不以戏曲故事作为看戏的选择，而以某一个演员的演技作为看戏的选择。
中国戏曲剧场中，名演员的折子戏（剧目中最能表现其演技的片断）专场往往比完整的戏曲故事演出更能吸引人。
重演技的结果锻炼出了演员超乎寻常的表现力：如青年演员能扮演老年；老年演员能扮演青年；男演员能扮演女人，如京剧的梅兰芳；女演员能扮演男人，如越剧的徐玉兰。
这种强调表现力而不重客观真实的舞台准则，是西方戏剧闻所未闻，不敢想象的。
（节编自陈伟《中国戏曲点燃布莱希特的理论火花》）材料二：清初画家笪重光在他的《画签》里一段论画面空间的话，也正相通于中国舞台上空间处理的方式。
他说：“空本难图，实景清而空景现。
神无可绘，真境逼而神境生。
位置相戾，有画处多属赘疣。
虚实相生，无画处皆成妙境。
”中国舞台表演方式有独创性，我们愈来愈见到它的优越性。
中国舞台上一般地不设置逼真的布景。
老艺人说得好：“戏曲的布景是在演员的身上。
”演员结合剧情的发展，灵活地运用表演程式和手法，使得“真境逼而神境生”。
演员集中精神用程式手法、舞蹈行动，“逼真地”表达出人物的内心情感和行动，就会使人忘掉对于剧中环境布景的要求，不需要环境布景阻碍表演的集中和灵活。
“实景清而空景现”，留出空虚来让人物充分地表现剧情，剧中人和观众精神交流，深入艺术创作的最深意趣，这就是“真境逼而神境生”。
这是艺术所启示的真，也就是“无可绘”的精神的体现，也就是美。
做到了这一点，就会使舞台上“空景”的“现”，即空间的构成，不须借助于实物的布置来显示空间，恐怕“位置相戾，有画处多属赘疣”，排除了累赘的布景，可使“无景处都成妙境”。
例如川剧《刁窗》一场中虚拟的动作既突出了表演的“真”，又同时显示了手势的“美”，因“虚”得“实”。
《秋江》剧里船翁一支桨和陈妙常的摇曳的舞姿可令观众“神游”江上。
中国的演员能用一两个极洗炼而又极典型的姿式，把时间、地点和特定情景表现出来。
（节选自宗白华《美学散步·中国艺术表现里的虚与实》）1.下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）A.古希腊的亚里士多德写的对戏剧进行理论总结的名著《诗学》，深刻地影响了后来的西方戏剧表演。
B.材料一引用斯坦尼斯拉夫斯基排演《奥赛罗》的例子，是为了证明西方戏剧情节是不容怀疑和增减的。
C.西方戏剧与中国戏曲在理论上是存在差异的，西方戏剧更看重情节，中国戏曲更看重演员的演技和唱腔。
D.多数西方观众看戏剧抱着认知的目的，关注的核心是演员和情节与客观现实的关系，收获的是“知性”。
2.根据材料内容，下列说法正确的一项是（3分）A.中国的戏曲的“逼真”是通过演员的表演，把舞台上没有的东西“无中生有”地表现给观众看，与客观现实没有什么关系。
B.因为中国观众看戏，主要是看演员的表演能力，所以老练的观众对那些最代表名演员表演能力的折子戏专场更有兴趣，百看不厌。
C.中国戏剧舞台上一般不会借助实物来布景，目的是不阻碍表演的集中和灵活，留出空虚来让人物充分地表现剧情，使剧中人和观众精神交流。
D.《画签）里关于画面空间的理论，与中国戏曲舞台上空间处理的方式相通，这说明中国不同艺术之间有共同的特点。
3.结合材料内容，下列选项中最能支持中国戏剧舞台时空“虚实相生”观点的一项是（3分）A.白雪阳春都妙句，高山流水自知音。
B.顷刻间千秋事业，方寸地万里江山。
C.借虚事指点实事，托古人提醒今人。
D.三五步遍行天下，六七人百万雄兵。
4.从整体看，材料一和材料二在论证结构上有什么相同之处?请简要分析。
（4分）5.西方友人观看中国古代戏曲《窦娥冤》时，看到窦娥走向刑场的过程中，舞台上分明只是“窦娥”一个演员，却唱出“则被这枷扭的我左侧右偏，人拥的我前合后偃”的曲词，从而迷惑不解，对此你会做怎样的解释?请结合材料加以说明。
（4分）（二）现代文阅读Ⅱ（本题共4小题，18分）阅读下面的文字，完成6~9题。
路标茹志鹃没有，没有，没有石子，没有草棍，没有树枝，更没有白粉，没有任何一点路标的痕迹。
没有人，没有一个人。
灰蒙蒙的天，灰蒙蒙的地，在这灰蒙蒙的天地当中，只有自己，站在一条灰蒙蒙的路上。
伍原想喊一声，就这么“喂”地喊一声。
这里没有人，只是喊给自己听，壮壮胆，解解怯，泄泄闷，他要世界活着，自己活着。
但是，不能喊，不敢喊。
他要窒息了。
行军路线是向北，他是向北走的。
走了有三小时，也许四小时。
走了四十里，也许是五十里。
应该到铁路了，也许站在铁路的边边上了？停住脚，沉住气。
再看一看，再听一听，只要点点与人有关的东西，一缕烟，一个脚印，一丝灯光……那么，一切就有希望。
自己，自己背上的档案，那里有埋在淮河畔的小榕的入党报告。
还有老邹，咯着血的老邹，只有自己知道他躺在什么地方。
没有，一切与人有关的迹象都没有。
无声无息的泪水，乘着无月无星的夜，毫无顾忌地涌了出来。
“可能走岔了路？”伍原在心里跟自己商量着。
“不，方向是对的。
在接近敌区时，是不做路标的。
”“那么，现在已经接近敌区了？”“肯定，快到铁路了。
”“那就快走！不能停留。
”顿时，伍原感觉在这灰蒙蒙的后面，有什么东西活动了起来，无数隐蔽的眼睛，冰冷的枪口，潜伏的危机。
但是，往哪里走呢？棉衣已经湿得贴在了胸口，背上是越来越沉的档案。
伍原狠狠地跺了一脚，听天由命地坐到地上，泪水便像决了的堤。
可是，慢！这是什么？好像冥冥中有神，不，鬼！鬼火？远远的，贴在地上，就那么一小点，一小点黄黄的光，不飘忽，不闪烁。
伍原不敢眨眼，屏息静气，站起身，啊！一站起，它便像钻入了地下。
伍原赶紧趴下。
在呢！荧荧的，黄黄的，小小的一点。
在呢！在呢！伍原小心翼翼地，敏捷地，他不知哪里来的这份力气，竟像只猫似的向那一小点轻盈迅速地爬去。
这如豆的一小点光。
世界再不是死的，自己再不是孤独的，部队就在前面，档案当然安然无恙交给指导员，老邹当然也会马上接回来。
这一点如豆的光，明天，包含着一切的明天，这不飘忽，不闪烁，小如绿豆似的光。
有人了！找到人了！我到底找到老乡啦！“老乡！”伍原迫不及待地叫了一声。
这一声叫，却把自己的眼泪叫得掉了下来。
“老乡！老乡！”他连连地又叫了两声。
一半是为了需要，一半是为了自己想叫。
可是窝棚里静静地，没有任何反应。
伍原赶紧爬到跟前，从高粱缝隙里看到，里面确确实实有一个人，一个老乡。
他背对着棚口，席地坐着，正就着一盏油灯，低了头，紧张而有力地做着什么。
“老乡！”伍原稍稍放大了声音，那人依然低了头，急急地朝一个口袋里搓着玉米穗。
看来，是一个聋子。
伍原只得爬进棚去，正伸手想拉他一把，突然之间这聋子像背后长着触角，敏捷地跳起，把灯吹灭，然后转身想跑。
伍原哪里肯让他跑掉，两臂一伸，把聋子的腿抱住了。
那个人也不做声，就在伸手不见五指的矮棚里，和伍原扭打起来。
伍原不肯还手，一边抵挡着，一边死死抱住不放。
明知他是个聋子，可还是大叫着：“老乡！老乡！”“老乡！”却毫不理会，只是“唔唔”地叫着，挣出手来进行袭击。
伍原绝望了，这个人不但是聋子，还是个哑巴。
伍原只得利用背上的重量，把他牢牢地揿在地上，但不知怎么才能让他明白自己是共产党，是野战军。
伍原捉住哑巴的一只手，把它贴到自己帽子上，想让他明白，这不是国民党的大盖帽，这是八路军的帽子。
可是哑巴并不理解，他死死捏紧拳头，硬勾着肘子，不肯就范，后来又忽然利用这个机会，迅速灵活地向伍原脸上猛击几下。
急，痛，头昏，眼前金星直冒，浑身大汗淋漓，不知如何才能摆脱这一窘境。
伍原突然觉得疲惫之极，手脚发软，不住地冒汗。
却不知怎么，流下了眼泪，好像刚才在路上没来得及流下的泪水，却一齐奔涌而出。
伍原伏在哑巴身上，大哭了起来，为自己，为前面走不完的路，为小榕，为老邹，也为这个倒霉而顽强的哑巴。
忽然，伍原觉得有只手，轻轻地摸索着自己的头，自己的帽子，自己的脸颊。
2022—2023学年湖北省部分高中联考协作体高一下学期期中生物试题
2022—2023学年湖北省部分高中联考协作体高一下学期期中生物试题1.绿藻被认为是21世纪人类最理想的健康食品之一，而螺旋藻特有的藻蓝蛋白能提高淋巴细胞活性，增强人体免疫力。
下列关于绿藻和螺旋藻的叙述错误的是（）A．二者都有核糖体B．绿藻是真核生物，螺旋藻是原核生物C．螺旋藻能进行光合作用是因为它有叶绿体D．绿藻和螺旋藻的遗传物质都是DNA2. 2021年10月30日，中国农业科学院饲料研究所与北京首钢朗泽新能源科技有限公司联合宣布，他们在国际上首次实现了以钢厂尾气中的一氧化碳为碳源、氨水为氮源，实现22秒快速转化，人工利用乙醇梭菌大规模生物合成蛋白质，下列相关叙述正确的是（）A．组成蛋白质的元素主要是C、H、O、N、SB．碳是生命的核心元素，蛋白质是生命活动的唯一承担者C．人体细胞合成蛋白质、乙醇梭菌合成蛋白质都只以氨基酸为原料D．利用一氧化碳等人工合成蛋白质，有利于降低工业尾气的排放，减少环境污染3.由1分子磷酸、1分子碱基和1分子化合物a构成了化合物b，如图所示，下列叙述中错误的是（）A．若m为腺嘌呤，则b不一定为腺嘌呤脱氧核糖核苷酸B．在禽流感病毒和幽门螺杆菌体内b均为4种C．若a为脱氧核糖，则由b构成的核酸完全水解，得到的化合物最多有6种D．若m为尿嘧啶，则DNA中肯定不含有b这种化合物4.高盐摄入量与高血压有关，而高血压是导致心脏病和中风的主要原因。
近期实验结果称，低钠盐以性质相似的钾来代替部分钠，这种盐可以预防心脏病和中风，拯救生命。
下列叙述正确的是（）A．低钠盐以性质相似的钾来代替部分钠，所以可以大量食用钾B．无机盐在细胞中大多以化合物的形式存在，且含量少C．医用生理盐水是0.9%的NaC1溶液，可见无机盐对于维持细胞渗透压有非常重要的作用D．Na、K、Fe、Zn等是组成细胞的微量元素5.谷胱甘肽（GSH）几乎存在于人体每一个细胞中，主要起到抗氧化和自由基清除的作用。
下图是谷胱甘肽的结构，有关叙述正确的是（）A．谷胱甘肽分子中含有4个羧基和3个氨基B．谷胱甘肽不能在碱性环境下与Cu 2+发生显色反应C．谷胱甘肽是由三个氨基酸通过脱水缩合形成的三肽D．谷胱甘肽和其它多肽主要差别是空间结构不同6. CD4是细胞膜上的一种蛋白质分子，存在于某些免疫细胞表面。
湖北省名校协作体2022-2023学年高一下学期3月联考数学试题(含答案解析)
湖北省名校协作体2022-2023学年高一下学期3月联考数学试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单选题1．全集U =R ，设集合{}213,2601x A xB x x x x ⎧⎫-=≤=+-<⎨⎬+⎩⎭，则()U A B ⋂=ð（）A ．32,2⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭B ．(2,1]--C ．(2,1)--D ．∅2．在ABC 中，D 为AC 中点，连接BD ，若2,BE ED AE x AB y AC ==+，则x y +的值为（）A ．14B ．13C ．23D ．13．已知1211log 2,2,222aa a ⎛⎫<<< ⎪⎝⎭，则实数a 的取值范围是（）A ．(1,4)2⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭ B ．(1,4)2⎫⎪⎝⎭C ．(1,)⎫+∞⎪⎝⎭D ．(1,)2⎛+∞ ⎝⎭4．已知θ是第四象限角，且π3sin 45θ⎛⎫+=- ⎪⎝⎭，则πtan 4θ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭（）A ．43-B ．43C ．34-D ．345．已知2364log ,log 2,log 43a b c ===，则a ，b ，c 的大小关系为（）A ．a b c<<B ．a c b<<C ．b a c<<D ．c a b<<6．已知函数()tan()(0,0π)f x x ωϕωϕ=-><<与直线y a =交于,A B 两点，且线段AB 长度的最小值为π3，若将函数()f x 的图象向左平移π12个单位后恰好关于原点对称，则ϕ的最大值为（）A ．π8B ．π4C ．3π4D ．7π87．我们知道，函数()f x 的图象关于点(,)P a b 成中心对称图形的充要条件是函数()f x a b +-为奇函数．已知函数()2()2(2)f x x x mx n =+++的对称中心为(1,0)，且与函数3()2g x x k =+的图象有且仅有一个交点，则k 的值为（）A ．5-B ．2-C ．16D ．228．如图，假定两点P 、Q 以相同的初速度运动，分别同时从A 、C 出发，点Q 沿射线CD 作匀速运动，CQ x =；点P 沿线段AB （长度为710单位）运动，它在任何一点的速度值等于它尚未经过的距离()PB y =，那么定义x 为y 的纳皮尔对数，对应关系为7107110e xy ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭（其中e 为自然对数的底数，e 2.718≈），则P 从靠近A 的第一个四等分点移动到靠近B 的三等分点经过的时间约为（）（参考数据：ln 20.7,ln 3 1.1,ln 5 1.6≈≈≈）A ．0.7秒B ．0.8秒C ．1.1秒D ．1.2秒二、多选题9．下列说法正确的是（）A ．“22ax bx <”是“a b <”的充分不必要条件B ．函数()2()5mf x m m x =+-是幂函数，且在(0,)+∞单减，则2m =C ．命题“21,1x x ∀>->”的否定是“21,1x x ∃≤-≤”D ．函数2()log (1)1(1)a f x x a =-+>过定点(2,1)和(0,1)10．已知函数()sin cos 2f x x x =+，则下列结论正确的是（）A ．函数()f x 的最小正周期为πB ．函数()f x 在π,02⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增C ．π2x =为函数()f x 的一条对称轴D ．函数()f x 在[π,π]-上有且仅有3个零点11．函数()f x 的定义域为R ，(1)f x +为奇函数，且(2)f x +为偶函数，当[0,1]x ∈时，()1f x x =-，则下列不等式成立的是（）A ．ππcos sin 66f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎝⎭⎝⎭>B ．(sin1)(cos1)f f <C ．2π2πcos sin 33f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫> ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭D ．(cos2)(sin 2)f f <12．已知正数x ，y 满足3ln 226x x y y-=+-，则方程3y x m x y xy =++有解的m 的取值可以是（）A ．3B ．4C ．5D ．6三、填空题13．已知||3,||4,a b a ==r r r 与b的夹角为π3，若()ka b a -⊥ ，则k 的值为________．14．已知函数()e e x x f x -=-，关于θ的不等式(cos27)(42cos )0f f m m θθ-+-≥对任意的ππ,22θ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎣⎦恒成立，则实数m 的取值范围为________．15．函数1()f x x a a x=+-+在区间[1,2]上的最大值为5，则=a ________．16．已知函数π()sin 23f x x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭，当π5π,46x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时，关于x 的方程221()2()022m f x m f x m ⎛⎫-+++= ⎪⎝⎭恰有两个不同的实根，则实数m 的取值范围是________．四、解答题17．已知π11πsin(2π)cos(π)cos cos 22()9πcos(π)sin(3π)sin(π)sin 2f ααααααααα⎛⎫⎛⎫-++- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭=⎛⎫----+ ⎪⎝⎭．(1)化简()f α；(2)已知()2f α=，求sin 2α的值．18．已知函数()()()211R f x m x mx m =+--∈(1)若函数()f x 在(0,)+∞上单调递增，求实数m 的取值范围；(2)若1m <-，解关于x 的不等式()0f x ≥．19．如图，有一块矩形空地ABCD ，要在这块空地上开辟一个内接四边形EFGH 为绿地，使其四个顶点分别落在矩形的四条边上，已知2(3),6AB a a BC =>=，且22AE AH CF CG ===，设CF x =，绿地EFGH 面积为()S x．(1)写出()S x 关于x 的函数解析式，并求出()S x 的定义域；(2)当CF 为何值时，绿地面积()S x 最大？并求出最大值．20．已知函数2()cos cos (0)f x x x x ωωωω=->的图象相邻对称中心之间的距离为π2．(1)求函数()f x 在π0,2⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上的单调递增区间；(2)若函数()()g x f x b =-，且()g x 在ππ,22⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上有两个零点，求b 的取值范围及12x x +的值．21．已知函数2()log (2)21x f x a x ⎡⎤=-+-⎣⎦，函数()22x xg x t -=-⋅为偶函数．(1)求实数t 的值并写出()g x 的单调递增区间；(2)若对于1[0,)x ∀∈+∞，2x ∀∈R ，都有()()1222log 2f x g x a +≤+成立，求实数a 的取值范围．22．已知函数2()2(4)1f x x a x ax b =+--++和2()8ln |2|g x ax x x =---．(1)若1,32a b ==，画出()f x 的简图并解不等式()8f x ≥；(2)若()f x 的最小值为1b -，求a 的值；并求出满足不等式(1)(21)g k g k +<-的k 的范围．参考答案：1．B【分析】解分式不等式与一元二次不等式求得集合A 与集合B ，运用集合的补集、交集计算即可.【详解】因为(24)(1)011243300210 111x x x x x x x x x x --+≤⎧----≤⇒-≤⇒≤⇒≤-⎨+≠+++⎩或1x >-，所以{|2A x x =≤-或1}x >-，所以U {|21}A x x =-<≤-ð，又因为2326022x x x +-<⇒-<<，所以3{|2}2B x x =-<<，所以()U {|21}A B x x =-<≤- ð.故选：B.2．C【分析】以,AB AC为一组基底，利用平面向量的线性运算得到,AD ED 的表达式，进而得到1133AE AB AC =+，由此得解.【详解】因为D 为BC 边的中点，所以12AD AC = ，12BD AD AB AC AB =-=-，因为2BE ED =，所以1111133263ED BD AC AB AC AB ⎛⎫==⨯-=- ⎪⎝⎭ ，所以1111126333AE AD ED AC AC AB AB AC =-=-+=+ ，又AE x AB y AC =+ ，因此有13x y ==，则23x y +=.故选：C 3．A【分析】利用幂函数、指数函数与对数函数的单调性解相关不等式，即可求得a 的取值范围.【详解】对于1log 22a<，有21log log 2a a a <，当01a <<时，对数函数log a y x =在()0,∞+上为减函数，所以212a >，可得02a <<，当1a >时，对数函数log a y x =在()0,∞+上为增函数，所以212a <，可得1a >；所以对于1log 22a<，有02a <<或1a >；对于122a⎛⎫< ⎪⎝⎭，有11122a-⎛⎫⎛⎫< ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，因为12xy ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭在R 上为减函数，所以1a >-；对于122a <，有11224a <，因为12y x =在[)0,∞+上为增函数，所以04a ≤<；综上：02a <<或14a <<，即(1,4)a ⎛∈ ⎝⎭.故选：A.4．B【分析】利用诱导公式和同角三角函数基本关系式即可求出πtan 4θ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭的值.【详解】因为πππ442θθ⎛⎫⎛⎫++-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，所以ππ3sin cos 445θθ⎛⎫⎛⎫+=-=-⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭又π2π2π(Z)2k k k θ-<<∈，∴πππ2π2π(Z)444k k k θ-<+<+∈π4cos 45θ⎛⎫∴+= ⎪⎝⎭，π4sin 45θ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭，πsin π44tan π43cos 4θθθ⎛⎫- ⎪⎛⎫⎝⎭∴-==- ⎪⎛⎫⎝⎭- ⎪⎝⎭，ππ4tan tan 443θθ⎛⎫⎛⎫∴-=--= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭.故选：B.5．A【分析】根据对数函数单调性借助中间值12即可得出a b <，再利用中间值23可得b c <，综合即可得出结论.【详解】由对数函数单调性可知2241log log 32a ==<，331log 2log 2b =>=，可得a b <；又因为89<，即1233293=<，所以33233log 2log 23b ==<，即23b <；而32644636==>，即2346>，所以23662log 4log 63c ==>，即23c >，可得b c <；所以a b c <<.故选：A 6．C【分析】确定函数的最小正周期，可求得3ω=，根据图像的平移变换可得平移后函数的解析式，结合函数的对称性可求出ππ,Z 42k k ϕ=-∈，依据0πϕ<<，即可求得答案.【详解】由题意知，函数()f x 的最小正周期π3T =,则ππ3ω=,得3ω=,所以()()tan 3f x x ϕ=-，将函数()f x 的图象向左平移π12个单位长度，得到ππtan 3()tan(3)124y x x ϕϕ⎡⎤=+-=+-⎢⎥⎣⎦的图象，因为该图象关于原点对称，则ππ,Z 42k k ϕ-=∈，所以ππ,Z42k k ϕ=-∈当0k >时，Z k ∈，0ϕ<，不合题意，当0k =时，π4ϕ=，又0πϕ<<，所以当1k =-时，ϕ取3π4，当2,3,k ≤-- 时，5π4ϕ≥，不合题意，故ϕ最大值为3π4，故选：C 7．D【分析】根据题意可得(1)y f x =+是奇函数，利用奇函数的定义计算出54m n =-⎧⎨=⎩，然后由函数3()2g x x k =+的图象与()f x 有且仅有一个交点可得2612160x x k +-+=有且仅有一个解，计算判别式即可【详解】由题意可得()2()2(2)f x x x mx n =+++的对称中心为(1,0)等价于(1)f x +是奇函数，因为2(1)2(3)(1)(1)y f x x x m x n ⎡⎤=+=+++++⎣⎦2(26)(2)1x x m x m n ⎡⎤=++++++⎣⎦()()()()322226216261x m x m n m x m n ⎡⎤⎡⎤=+++++++++++⎣⎦⎣⎦所以6(1)02(2)60m n m ++=⎧⎨++=⎩，解得54m n =-⎧⎨=⎩，所以()()()2322254261216f x x x x x x x =+-+=--+，因为函数3()2g x x k =+的图象与()f x 有且仅有一个交点，所以3322261216x k x x x +=--+，即2612160x x k +-+=有且仅有一个解，()Δ14424160k ∴=--=，解得22=k .故选：D 8．B【分析】设点P 运动到靠近点A 的第一个四等分点时，1CQ x =，设点P 运动到靠近点B 的三等分点时，2CQ x =，计算出1x 、2x ，可求得21710x x -的值，即为所求.【详解】由题意可知，P 、Q 两点的初速度为710单位/秒，设点P 运动到靠近点A 的第一个四等分点时，1CQ x =，则1710773110104e x ⎛⎫⨯= ⎪⎝⎭，可得71410ln3x =，设点P 运动到靠近点B 的三等分点时，2CQ x =，则2710771110103e x ⎛⎫⨯= ⎪⎝⎭，可得7210ln 3x =，故所求时间为21749ln 3ln ln 2ln 32ln 20.81034x x -=-==-≈（秒），故选：B.9．AD【分析】根据充分条件和必要条件的定义知A 正确，验证得到B 错误，根据全称命题的否定得到C 错误，计算定点得到D 正确.【详解】对选项A ：22ax bx <，则a b <；若a b <，当0x =时，22ax bx <不成立，所以“22ax bx <”是“a b <”的充分不必要条件，故A 正确；对选项B ：2m =时，2()f x x =在(0,)+∞单增，故B 错误；对选项C ：命题“21,1x x ∀>->”的否定是“21,1x x >-≤∃”，故C 错误；对选项D ：取()211x -=，得到2x =或0x =，则函数2()log (1)1(1)a f x x a =-+>过定点(2,1)和(0,1)，故D 正确.故选：AD.10．BCD【分析】根据函数周期性的定义可判断A ；根据复合函数单调性的判断方法可判断B ；根据函数对称轴的性质可判断C ；求出函数()f x 在[π,π]-上的零点可判断D.【详解】因为x ∈R 时，(π)sin(π)cos 2(π)sin cos 2()f x x x x x f x +=+++=-+≠，即π不是函数()f x 的周期，则函数()f x 的最小正周期不是π，A 错误；函数2219()sin cos 22sin sin 12(sin 48f x x x x x x =+=-++=--+，当π,02x ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦时，设sin ,[1,0]t x t =∈-，此时函数sin t x =为增函数，而219()2()48g t t =--+在1(,]4-∞上单调递增，而()sin cos 2f x x x =+可看作由219()2()48g t t =--+和sin ,[1,0]t x t =∈-复合而成，故函数()f x 在π,02⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增，B 正确；因为()sin(cos 2()sin cos 2()ππ)πf x x x x f x x =+=+=---，即ππ)()2(2f x f x +=-，所以π2x =为函数()f x 的一条对称轴，C 正确；由于2()2sin sin 1f x x x =-++，令()0f x =，即22sin sin 10x x -++=，即22sin sin 10x x --=，即()()2sin 1sin 10x x +-=，可得1sin 2x =-或sin 1x =，当[π,π]x ∈-时，由1sin 2x =-可得π6x =-或5π6x =-，由sin 1x =，可得π2x =，故函数()f x 在[π,π]x ∈-上有且仅有3个零点，D 正确，故选：BCD 11．BC【分析】由所给条件推出函数()f x 的周期和对称轴，根据()f x 在[0,1]的单调性，将选项中数据转化到区间[0,1]中，根据单调性判断选项.【详解】(1)f x + 为奇函数，(1)(1)f x f x ∴-=-+，所以函数()f x 关于()1,0对称，(2)f x +为偶函数，则(2)(2)f x f x -+=+，所以()f x 关于2x =对称，又函数()f x 关于()1,0对称，所以()())2(2f x f x f x ==+--，即有()4()f x f x +=，所以()f x 周期为4，()()()()()()(4)2222f x f x f x f x f x +=++-==+=-，所以()f x 为偶函数，当[0,1]x ∈时，()1f x x =-，在[0,1]上单调递减，A 选项：ππ1cossin 066>>>，所以ππcos sin 66f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫<⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，故A 错误；B 选项：1sin1cos10>>>，所以(sin1)(cos1)f f <，故B 正确；C 选项：12πcos 3122f f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭，2πsin 32f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，10122<<<，所以12f f ⎛⎫> ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，即2π2πcos sin 33f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫> ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，故C 正确；D 选项：()()π(cos 2)(cos 2)cos π2sin 22f f f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫=-=-=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，()()(sin 2)sin π2f f =-，ππ02<π222<--<，则()π0sin 2sin π212⎛⎫<-<-< ⎪⎝⎭，所以πsin 22f ⎛⎫⎛⎫-> ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭()()sin π2f -，即(cos 2)(sin 2)f f >，故D 错误；故选：BC 12．BCD【分析】根据换元法和均值不等式即可求解.【详解】由对数函数定义域知30x ->且0x >，令3xt y-=，所以3x ty -=，所以3ln226xx y y-=+-可转化为ln 2(1)t y t =-，作出函数()ln n f t t ==与函数()()21n g t y t ==-，两个函数图像的公共交点是(1,0)，所以1t =，所以3x y +=，所以222332333*********y x y x xy x y xy xy xy xy x y +++++=≥=+≥+=+=+⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭，当且仅当32x y ==时等号成立，所以3y x x y xy ++的最小值为103，方程3y x m x y xy =++有解的m 的范围是10,3⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭，故选：BCD.13．23【分析】由()ka b a -⊥ ，得到()960ka b a k -⋅=-=，再求出k 的值.【详解】()ka b a -⊥，则2π()934cos 9603ka b a ka a b k k -⋅=-⋅=-⨯⨯=-= ，则23k =.故答案为：23.14．[3,)+∞【分析】根据()f x 的奇偶性以及单调性，将问题转化成对任意的ππ,22θ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦，cos 2742cos m θθ-≤-+恒成立，结合二倍角公式以及三角函数的值域即可最值进行求解.【详解】由于()()e e x xx f f x --=-=-，所以()f x 为奇函数，且由e x y =，e x y -=-单调递增，故()e e x x f x -=-在定义域内单调递增，故(cos 27)(42cos )0(cos 27)(42cos )f f m m f f m m θθθθ-+-≥⇒-≥-+，因此()cos 2742cos m θθ-≥-+，由于ππ,22θ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎣⎦，所以[]cos 0,1θ∈，因此2cos 40θ-<，故对任意的ππ,22θ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦，cos 2742cos m θθ-≤-+恒成立，由余弦的二倍角公式可得2cos 272cos 8cos 242cos 42cos θθθθθ--==+-+-+，所以cos 2m θ≥+恒成立即可，故()max cos 23m m θ≥+⇒≥，故答案为：[3,)+∞15．72#3.5【分析】设()1g x x a x=+-，根据对勾函数的性质，求得()g x 最小值为2a -，最大值为52a -，结合绝对值的定义和题设条件，分三种情况讨论，求得函数()g x 的最大值，列出方程，即可求解.【详解】设()1g x x a x=+-，根据对勾函数的性质，可得函数()g x 在区间[1,2]为单调递增函数，当1x =时，函数()g x 取得最小值，最小值为2a -，当2x =时，函数()g x 取得最大值，最大值为52a -，因为1()f x x a a x=+-+在区间[1,2]上的最大值为5，所以当20a ->，即2a <时，可得函数()max 5()252f x f a a ==-+=，即5()52a a -+=，此时方程无解；当20a -≤且502a -≥，即522a ≤≤时，函数max ()5f x a ==，不符合题意，舍去；当502a -<，即52a >时，可得函数()max ()125f x f a a ==-+=，即25a a -+=，解得72a =，综上可得，实数a 的值为72.故答案为：72#3.5.16．1,122⎡⎫⎛⎫-⎪⎢ ⎪⎝⎭⎣⎭ 【分析】将原方程可化为1[()][()()]02f x m f x m --+=，得到1()f x m =，21()2f x m =+，求得函数()2sin 23f x x π⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭的值域，作出其图象，利用数形结合法求解.【详解】由221()2()022m f x m f x m ⎛⎫-+++= ⎪⎝⎭可化为1[()][()()]02f x m f x m --+=，解得1()f x m =，21()2f x m =+，因为π5π,46x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，则ππ4π2,363x ⎡⎤-∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，所以()f x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，又ππ1sin 462f ⎛⎫== ⎪⎝⎭，5π4πsin 632f ⎛⎫==- ⎪⎝⎭，所以π()sin 23f x x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭的图象如图所示：方程221()2()022m f x m f x m ⎛⎫-+++= ⎪⎝⎭恰有两个不同的实根，等价于1()2f x m +=和()f x m =各有一个实数解（且不相同）或1()2f x m +=有两个不同的实数解且()f x m =无实数解或者()f x m =有两个不同的实数解且1()2f x m +=无实数解；①当m 1≥时，则13m 22+≥，1()2f x m +=无实数解，()f x m =最多一个实数解，不符合题意；②当112m <<时，则13122m <+<，()f x m =有两个不同的实数解且1()2f x m +=无实数解，符合题意；③当12m =时，则112m +=，()f x m =有两个不同的实数解且1()2f x m +=有一个实数解，故此时共三个不同的实数解，不符合题意；④当102m ≤<时，则11122m ≤+<，()12f x m =+有两个不同的实数解且()f x m =有一个实数解，故此时共三个不同的实数解，不符合题意；⑤当02m -≤<时，则1112222m -+<+<，1()2f x m +=和()f x m =各有一个实数解（且不相同），符合题意；⑥当2m <-时，则11222m +<-，1()2f x m +=最多一个实数解，()f x m =无实数解，不符合题意；综上，m 的取值范围为1,0,122⎡⎫⎛⎫⎪⎢ ⎪⎝⎭⎣⎭ .故答案为：1,122⎡⎫⎛⎫-⎪⎢ ⎪⎝⎭⎣⎭【点睛】关键点睛：这道题的关键之处在于将方程转化成1()2f x m +=和()f x m =的实数解的个数情况，通过数形结合对m 进行讨论，情况较多，要做到不重不漏17．(1)()tan f αα=-；(2)45-.【分析】（1）利用诱导公式化简()f α即可；（2）由题可得tan 2α=-，然后利用二倍角正弦结合弦化切的思想即得.【详解】（1）π11πsin(2π)cos(π)cos cos 22()9πcos(π)sin(3π)sin(π)sin 2f ααααααααα⎛⎫⎛⎫-++- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭=⎛⎫----+ ⎪⎝⎭()()()()()2sin cos sin sin tan cos sin cos αααααααα----==--；（2）()tan 2f αα=-= ，tan 2α∴=-.所以2222sin cos 2tan 4sin 22sin cos .sin cos tan 15ααααααααα====-++18．(1)10m -≤≤(2)答案见解析【分析】（1）1m =-时结合一次函数的单调性可得结果；1m ≠-由二次函数的开口方向、对称轴和单调性列出不等式组，可求出m 的取值范围；（2）因式分解后，分2m =-，21m -<<-和2m <-三种情况讨论，求出不等式组的解集即可.【详解】（1）()f x 在(0,)+∞单增，若10m +=，则1,()1m f x x =-=-，在(0,)+∞单增，所以1m =-；若1,()m f x ≠-在(0,)+∞单增，则1002(1)m m m +>⎧⎪-⎨≤⎪-+⎩，解得到，10m -<≤，综上所述：10m -≤≤；（2）若1,()0m f x <-≥，则2(1)10m x mx +--≥，即((1)1)(1)0m x x ++-≥，所以1(1)01x x m ⎛⎫+-≤ ⎪+⎝⎭，若11+=-m 即2m =-，不等式的解集为{1}；若11m +>-即21m -<<-，此时111m ->+，不等式的解集为11,1m -⎡⎤⎢⎥+⎣⎦；若11m +<-即2m <-，此时111m -<+，不等式的解集为1,11m -⎡⎤⎢⎥+⎣⎦；综上，当2m =-时，不等式的解集是{1}；当21m -<<-时，不等式的解集是11,1m -⎡⎤⎢⎥+⎣⎦；当2m <-时，不等式的解集是1,11m -⎡⎤⎢⎥+⎣⎦．19．(1)()S x 29(39)2x a x =-++，定义域为(0,3]；(2)答案见解析.【分析】（1）求得22AEH S x = ，212CGF S x =，()(6)BEF S a x x =--△，(2)(3)DGH S a x x =--△，利用()CGH AEH DGH BEF ABCD S x S S S S S =---- 矩形化简求解即可；（2）根据二次函数的性质分类讨论，结合函数的单调性即可求解.【详解】（1）因为22AE AH CF CG ===，CF x =，所以22AEH S x = ，212CGF S x =，1(22)(6)()(6)2BEF S a x x a x x =--=--△，1(2)(62)(2)(3)2DGH S a x x a x x =--=--△，所以()CGF AEH DGH BEF ABCD S x S S S S S =---- 矩形22122(3)(2)()(6)2x a x x a x a x x =--------29(39)2x a x =-++，由题意060206260222x x a x a x a<≤⎧⎪<≤⎪⎨≤-≤⎪⎪≤-≤⎩，解得03x <≤，所以()S x 的定义域为(0,3]；（2）因为()S x 的对称轴为323a x +=>，若3233a +<≤，则36,()a S x <≤在30,3a +⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭单调递增，在3,33a +⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭上单调递减，所以2max 3(3)()32a a S x S ++⎛⎫==⎪⎝⎭；若333a +>，则6,()a S x >在(0,3]单调递增，所以max 27()(3)92S x S a ==-；综上，当36a <≤时，33a CF +=，2max 3(3)()32a a S x S ++⎛⎫==⎪⎝⎭；当6a >时，3CF =，max 27()(3)92S x S a ==-.20．(1)π0,3⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦(2)31,00,22b ⎛⎫⎛⎫∈- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，122π3x x +=或π3-【分析】(1)利用三角恒等变化得π1()sin 262f x x ω⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭，由，图象相邻对称中心之间的距离为π2，可求得1ω=，即可得π1()sin 2,62f x x ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭再根据正弦函数的单调性求解即可；(2)由题意可得π1sin 262x b ⎛⎫-=+ ⎪⎝⎭在ππ,22⎡⎤-⎢⎣⎦上有两个零点，设π26t x =-，则7π5π,66t ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦,根据正弦函数的图象及对称性即可求得答案.【详解】（1）解：因为1cos 2π1()2sin 22262x f x x x ωωω+⎛⎫=-=-- ⎪⎝⎭，由题意可以得()f x 的最小正周期为π2π2T =⨯=，即2ππ2ω=，所以1ω=，π1()sin 2,62f x x ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭因为π0,2x ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，所以ππ5π2666x -≤-≤，由πππ2662x -≤-≤，得到π03x ≤≤，所以()f x 在π0,2⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上的单增区间为π0,3⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦；（2）解：由()0g x =，可得()f x b =，即π1sin 262x b ⎛⎫-=+ ⎪⎝⎭，设π26t x =-，因为ππ,22x ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦，所以7π5π,66t ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎣⎦,结合sin y t =的图象，又因为7π5π1sin()sin 662-==上所以1111,,1222b ⎛⎫⎛⎫+∈- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭ ，故31,00,22b ⎛⎫⎛⎫∈- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，由正弦函数的对称性可得12πt t +=或12πt t +=-，当12πt t +=时，则有12ππ22π66x x -+-=，所以122π3x x +=；当12πt t +=-时，则有12ππ22π66x x -+-=-，12π3x x +=-；综上所述：31,00,22b ⎛⎫⎛⎫∈- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭；122π3x x +=或π3-.21．(1)1t =-，[0,)+∞(2)[1,2]【分析】（1）已知函数()22x x g x t -=-⋅为偶函数，利用()()g x g x =-求出参数t ，并根据指数函数的单调性即可分析出()g x 单调区间；（2）已知1[0,)x ∀∈+∞，2x ∀∈R ，()()1222log 2f x g x a +≤+成立，则()()122min 2log 2f x g x a +≤+⎡⎤⎣⎦，求出()22min ()log 22log 2g x a a +=+，可得[0,)x ∀∈+∞，22log (2)2122log 2xa x a ⎡⎤-+-+≤+⎣⎦恒成立，根据对数函数的单调性得21332xa ≥+⨯恒成立，求出max211332x ⎛⎫+= ⎪⨯⎝⎭，再根据对数函数的定义域，综合可求实数a 的取值范围.【详解】（1）∵()g x 为偶函数，∴()()g x g x =-恒成立，∴2222x x x x t t ---⋅=-⋅恒成立，即()(1)220x xt -+-=，∴1t =-∴()22x x g x -=+．()g x 的单调递增区间为[0,)+∞（2）2222()log 222log 2log 22log 2x x g x a a a a -+=++≥+=+，当且仅当122xx=即0x =时等号成立，∴()22min ()log 22log 2g x a a +=+由题意可得：2[0,),()22log 2x f x a ∀∈+∞+≤+恒成立，即22[0,),log (2)2122log 2xx a x a ⎡⎤∀∈+∞-+-+≤+⎣⎦恒成立，由2log 20a >有意义，得0a >，由()2log (2)21xa -+有意义，得(2)210x a -+>在[0,)+∞恒成立，即122x a <+在[0,)+∞上恒成立，设1()22xh x =+，易知()h x 在[0,)+∞上的值域为(2,3]，故2a ≤，所以02a <≤．又22[0,),log (2)2122log 2xx a x a ⎡⎤∀∈+∞-+-+≤+⎣⎦恒成立，即()22[0,)log (2)21log 22x xx a a ⎡⎤∀∈+∞-+≤⋅⎣⎦，恒成立，即(2)2122x x a a -+≤⋅恒成立，即21332xa ≥+⨯恒成立，0max 21211332332x ⎛⎫⎛⎫+=+= ⎪ ⎪⨯⨯⎝⎭⎝⎭，∴1a ≥．综上，实数a 的取值范围为[1,2]22．(1)图象见解析；{3x x ≤-或}1x ≥(2)12a =，423k k ⎧<<⎨⎩且32k ⎫≠⎬⎭【分析】（1）根据题意画出函数()f x 的图像，结合图像即可得到不等式的解集；（2）根据题意，结合韦达定理即可得到两根范围，得到函数()f x 最小值之后，根据函数单调性列出不等式，即可得到结果.【详解】（1）当1,32a b ==时，()2221242,(,2][,)74213122234,(2,)4x x x x f x x x x x x ∞∞⎧++∈--⋃+⎪⎪=+-++=⎨⎪--+∈-⎪⎩341848f ⎛⎫-=< ⎪⎝⎭，由图知，()8f x ≥的解集为:{3x x ≤-或}1x ≥.（2）2()2(4)1h x x a x =+--的0∆>，设22(4)10x a x +--=两根为1x ，2x ，且12x x <，由12102x x =-<，故120x x <<．当1x x ≤或2x x ≥时2()241f x x x b =++-，此时有2(0)1()f b f x =-<，故()min 1()1f x f x b ==-代入得2112411x x b b ++-=-，即10x =（舍）或12x =-；当12x x x <<时2()2(24)1f x x a x b =-+-++，若12x <-时()f x 最小值大于1b -；若12x >-时()f x 最小值小于1b -；综上，由2112(4)10x a x +--=得12a =，又2()4ln |2|g x x x x =---关于2x =对称，且在(2,)+∞上单调递减，∴12212123k k k k ⎧+≠⎪-≠⎨⎪->-⎩解得:423k k ⎧<<⎨⎩且32k ⎫≠⎬⎭。
2020-2021学年湖北省孝感市普通高中协作体高一(下)期中数学试卷(附答案详解)
2020-2021学年湖北省孝感市普通高中协作体高一（下）期中数学试卷一、单选题（本大题共8小题，共40.0分）1. 复数52+i (i 为虚数单位)的虚部为( ) A. 1 B. −1 C. −i D. i2. 向量a ⃗ =(8,k)，b ⃗ =(3,4)，若a ⃗ ⊥b ⃗ ，则实数k 的值为( )A. −6B. −3C. 3D. 63. 如图，正方形OABC 的边长为√2，它是水平放置的一个平面图形的直观图，则原图形的面积为( )A. 4B. 4√2C. 8D. 8√24. 在△ABC 中，内角A ，B ，C 的对边分别是a ，b ，c ，已知A =30°，C =105°，a =2√3，则b =( )A. √6B. √2C. √3D. 2√65. 一个圆柱的轴截面是一个面积为36的正方形，则该圆柱的体积是( )A. 54πB. 36πC. 16πD. 8π6. 在△ABC 中，D 为AB 的中点，E 为CD 的中点，若AE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =x AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +y AC⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ，则x +y =( ) A. −14 B. 14 C. 34 D. −34 7. 如图，已知直角梯形ABCD 中，AB ⊥BC ，AB//DC ，AB =2BC =2CD =2，以直角梯形ABCD 的底边AB 所在直线为轴，其余三边旋转一周形成的面围成一个几何体，则所得几何体的表面积为( )A. 3√2πB. (5+√2)πC. (3+√2)πD. (5+3√2)π8.一船向正北方向航行，看见正西方向有相距10海里的两个灯塔恰好与它在一条直线上，船继续航行半小时后，看见灯塔在船的南偏西60°方向，另一灯塔在船的南偏西75°方向，则这艘船的速度是()A. 5海里/时B. 5√2海里/时C. 10海里/时D. 10√2海里/时二、多选题（本大题共4小题，共20.0分）9.在下列各组向量中，不能作为基底的是()A. e1⃗⃗⃗ =(0,0)，e2⃗⃗⃗ =(1,−2)B. e1⃗⃗⃗ =(−1,2)，e2⃗⃗⃗ =(5,7)C. e1⃗⃗⃗ =(3,5)，e2⃗⃗⃗ =(6,10)D. e1⃗⃗⃗ =(2,−3)，e2⃗⃗⃗ =(3,2)10.下列命题正确的是()A. 长方体是直四棱柱，直四棱柱是长方体B. 有两个面平行，其他各个面都是平行四边形的多面体是棱柱C. 有一个面是平行四边形的棱锥一定是四棱锥D. 正棱锥的侧面是全等的等腰三角形11.下列四个命题中，真命题为()A. 若复数z满足z∈R，则z−∈R∈R，则z∈RB. 若复数z满足1zC. 若复数z满足z2∈R，则z∈RD. 若复数z1，z2满足z1⋅z2∈R，则z1=z2−12.在△ABC下列条件解三角形，其中有唯一解的是()A. a=9，b=10，c=15B. b=6，c=5√2，B=45°C. a=3，b=2，B=120°D. b=6，c=6√3，C=60°三、单空题（本大题共4小题，共20.0分）13.已知复数z满足(1+2i)z=3−4i，则|z|=______．14.已知向量a⃗=(1,2)，b⃗ =(1,1)，则a⃗在b⃗ 方向上的投影为______．15.已知△ABC的内角A、B、C所对的边分别为a、b、c，且a=1，b=√7，B=120°，则△ABC的面积为______．16.体积为8cm3的正方体的顶点都在同一个球面上，则该球的表面积为______cm2；该球的体积为______cm3．四、解答题（本大题共6小题，共70.0分）17.已知单位向量a⃗，b⃗ 满足(2a⃗−3b⃗ )⋅(2a⃗+b⃗ )=3．(1)求向量a⃗与b⃗ 的夹角θ；(2)求|2a⃗−3b⃗ |的值．18.已知复数z=(m2−8m+15)+(m2−4m+3)i，m∈R．(1)若z是实数，求实数m的值；(2)若z是纯虚数，求实数m的值；(3)若z在复平面上对应的点位于直线y=x上，求实数m的值．19.已知A(2,5)，B(5,2)，C(10,7)，M(t,t)(t∈R)，(1)若点A，B，M三点共线，求t的值；(2)判断并证明以A，B，C为顶点的三角形是否为直角三角形，若是，请指出哪个角是直角．20.在△ABC中，内角A，B，C的对边分别为a，b，c，且2ccosA=2b−a．(1)求角C；(2)若c=4，△ABC的面积为4√3，求△ABC的周长．21.如图1，一个正三棱柱形容器中盛有水，底面三角形ABC的边长为2cm，侧棱AA1=4cm，若侧面AA1B1B水平放置时(如图2)，水面恰好过AC，BC，A1C1，B1C1的中点．(1)求容器中水的体积；(2)当容器底面ABC水平放置时(如图1)，求容器内水面的高度．22.如图，在平面四边形ABCD中，∠DAB=∠CBD=90°，BC=√3．(1)若BD=2AB=2，求AC的长；(2)若BD=1，∠BAC=30°，求四边形ABCD的面积．答案和解析1.【答案】B【解析】解：∵52+i =5(2−i)(2+i)(2−i)=2−i，∴复数52+i(i为虚数单位)的虚部为−1．故选：B．根据已知条件，结合复数虚部的概念，以及复数代数形式的乘除法运算，即可求解．本题考查了复数虚部的概念，以及复数代数形式的乘除法运算，需要学生熟练掌握公式，属于基础题．2.【答案】A【解析】解：∵a⃗⊥b⃗ ，∴a⃗⋅b⃗ =24+4k=0，解得k=−6．故选：A．根据a⃗⊥b⃗ 可得出a⃗⋅b⃗ =0，然后进行数量积的坐标运算即可求出k的值．本题考查了向量垂直的充要条件，向量数量积的坐标运算，考查了计算能力，属于基础题．3.【答案】D【解析】解：根据题意，设原图形的面积为S，一个平面图形的直观图为正方形OABC，其边长为√2，则其面积S1=√2×√2=2，又由S1S =√24，则S=4√2，故选：D．根据题意，设原图形的面积为S，求出其直观图的面积，由原图形面积与直观图面积的关系，分析可得答案．本题考查平面图形的直观图的画法，涉及斜二测画法的应用，属于基础题．4.【答案】D【解析】解：由三角形内角和可得B =180°−A −C =180°−30°−105°=45°， 由正弦定理可得a sinA =b sinB ，则b =asinB sinA =2√3×√2212=2√6，故选：D ．由内角和为180°求得∠B ，再由正弦定理即可求得b ．本题考查正弦定理的应用，属于基础题．5.【答案】A【解析】解：设圆柱的底面半径为r ，则高为2r ，因为圆柱的轴截面是一个面积为36的正方形，所以2r ⋅2r =36，解得r 2=9，所以该圆柱的体积是V =π⋅r 2⋅2r =54π．故选：A ． 利用轴截面为正方形，求出底面半径，然后根据圆柱的体积公式求解即可．本题考查了旋转体的理解与应用，圆柱的轴截面的应用，圆柱的体积公式的应用，考查了逻辑推理能力与化简运算能力，属于基础题．6.【答案】C【解析】解：如图，∵D 为AB 的中点，E 为CD 的中点，∴AE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =12(AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )=12AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +12AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =12AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +14AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ， 又AE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =x AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +y AC ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ，∴x =14，y =12， 则x +y =14+12=34．故选：C ．由已知把AE ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 用AB⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 、AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ 表示，求得x 与y 的值，则答案可求． 本题考查平面向量基本定理的应用，考查运算求解能力，是基础题．7.【答案】C【解析】解：旋转后所得几何体如图所示：所得几何体为一个圆锥与一个同底的圆柱的组合体，由题意可得，OD =BC =CD =OB =AO =1，AD =√AO 2+OD 2=√2，所以底面圆的周长为2π×1=2π，底面圆的面积为π×1=π，故圆锥的侧面积为12×2π×√2=√2π，圆柱的侧面积为2π×1=2π，所以所得几何体的表面积为π+√2π+2π=(3+√2)π．故选：C ．先确定旋转后的几何体为一个圆锥与一个同底的圆柱的组合体，然后由圆柱与圆锥的侧面积公式求解即可．本题考查了空间旋转体的理解与应用，圆锥与圆柱的侧面积公式的应用，考查了逻辑推理能力与空间想象能力，属于中档题．8.【答案】C【解析】解：如图，依题意有∠BAC =60°，∠BAD =75°，所以∠CAD =∠CDA =15°，从而CD =CA =10，在直角三角形ABC 中，得AB =5，于是这艘船的速度是50.5=10(海里/小时)．故选：C ．依题意有∠BAC =60°，∠BAD =75°，所以∠CAD =∠CDA =15°，从而CD =CA =10，在直角三角形ABC 中，得AB =5，由此能求出这艘船的速度．本题考查三角形知识的实际运用，考查了转化思想和计算能力，解题时要注意数形结合思想的灵活运用，属于中档题．9.【答案】AC【解析】解：对于选项A：显然e1⃗⃗⃗ =0⃗，所以e1⃗⃗⃗ //e2⃗⃗⃗ ，e1⃗⃗⃗ ，e2⃗⃗⃗ 不能作为基底，选项A正确；对于选项B：由于−15≠27，e1⃗⃗⃗ ，e2⃗⃗⃗ 不共线，能作为基底，选项B正确；对于选项C：由于36=510，则e1⃗⃗⃗ //e2⃗⃗⃗ ，e1⃗⃗⃗ ，e2⃗⃗⃗ 不能作为基底，选项C正确；对于选项D：由于23≠−3−2，e1⃗⃗⃗ ，e2⃗⃗⃗ 不共线，能作为基底，选项D正确；故选：AC．逐项判断各个选项中e1⃗⃗⃗ 与e2⃗⃗⃗ 是否共线即可得出正确选项．本题考查平面向量基本定理，解题的关键在于能够判断两个向量是否共线，属于基础题．10.【答案】CD【解析】解：对于A：长方体是直四棱柱，直四棱柱不一定是长方体，故A错误；对于B：有两个面平行，其他各个面都是平行四边形的多面体是棱柱，例如两个倒扣的平行六面体，就不是棱柱，故B错误；对于C：有一个面是平行四边形的棱锥一定是四棱锥，符合四棱锥的定义，故C正确；对于D：根据正棱锥的定义，正棱锥的侧面是全等的等腰三角形，故D正确．故选：CD．直接利用棱锥和棱柱的定义及性质的应用判断A、B、C、D的结论．本题考查的知识要点：几何体中的，棱锥和棱柱的定义及性质，主要考查学生对基础知识的理解，属于基础题．11.【答案】AB【解析】解：对于A：设复数z=a+bi(a,b∈R)，由于满足z∈R，故b=0，则z−∈R，故A为真命题；对于B：设复数z=a+bi(a,b∈R)，满足1z =1a+bi=a−bia2+b2∈R，则b=0，故z∈R，故B为真命题；对于C：设复数z=a+bi(a,b∈R)，所以z2=(a+bi)2=a2−b2+2abi，当b=0且a≠0时，z∈R，当a=0且b≠0时，z∉R，故C为假命题；对于D：设z1=a+bi，z2=c+di(a,b，c，d∈R)，所以z1⋅z2=(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac−bd)+(ad+bc)i∈R，故ad+bc=0，故z1和z2−没有关系，故D为假命题．故选：AB．直接利用复数的运算，复数的共轭，复数的定义判断A、B、C、D的真假．本题考查的知识要点：复数的运算，复数的共轭，复数的定义，主要考查学生的运算能力和数学思维能力，属于基础题．12.【答案】AD【解析】解：对于选项A，由于a+b>c，|a−b|<c，故存在唯一解，选项A符合题意；对于选项B，由于csinB=5<6，故解的个数为2，选项B不合题意；对于选项C，由于B>90°，b<a，故解的个数为0，选项C不合题意；对于选项D，由于6√3>6，故存在唯一解，选项D符合题意；故选：AD．利用题中所给的条件结合三角形的性质或者边角关系逐一考查三角形解的个数即可．本题主要考查三角形解的个数的判定，属于基础题．13.【答案】√5【解析】解：∵(1+2i)z=3−4i，∴z=3−4i1+2i =(3−4i)(1−2i)(1+2i)(1−2i)=3−6i−4i−85=−1−2i，∴|z|=√(−1)2+(−2)2=√5．故答案为：√5．根据已知条件，运用复数的运算法则，以及复数模的公式，即可求解．本题考查了复数代数形式的乘法运算，以及复数模的公式，需要学生熟练掌握公式，属于基础题．14.【答案】3√22【解析】解：向量a⃗=(1,2)，b⃗ =(1,1)，∴a⃗⋅b⃗ =1×1+2×1=3，|b⃗ |=√12+12=√2；∴a⃗在b⃗ 方向上的投影为：|a⃗|cos<a⃗，b⃗ >=a⃗ ⋅b⃗|b⃗|=√2=3√22．故答案为：3√22．根据平面向量的数量积与向量a⃗在b⃗ 方向上投影的定义，即可求出结果．本题考查了平面向量数量积的坐标运算以及投影的定义和计算问题，是基础题目．15.【答案】√32【解析】解：由余弦定理知：b2=a2+c2−2accosB，即7=1+c2−2×1×c⋅cos120°=1+c2+c，即(c−2)(c+3)=0，故c=2或c=−3(舍去)．所以S△ABC=12acsin120°=12×1×2×√32=√32．故答案是：√32．根据余弦定理b2=a2+c2−2accosB求得c的值；由正弦定理S△ABC=12acsinB求其面积．本题考查正弦定理和余弦定理的应用，考查三角形的面积公式，属于中档题．16.【答案】12π4√3π【解析】解：因为正方体的体积为8cm3，所以正方体的边长为2，所以其体对角线为√4+4+4=2√3，故正方体外接球的直径为2√3，则半径为√3，所以该球的表面积为4π×(√3)2=12πcm2，球的体积为43π⋅(√3)3=4√3πcm3．第11页，共15页第12页，共15页 故答案为：12π；4√3π．由正方体的体积求出正方体的边长，然后利用正方体与其外接球的关系，求出外接球的半径，根据球的表面积公式以及体积公式求解即可．本题考查了正方体外接球问题，球的表面积公式以及体积公式的运用，解题的关键是掌握正方体的体对角线即为外接球的直径，考查了逻辑推理能力与空间想象力，属于基础题．17.【答案】解：(1)因为(2a ⃗ −3b ⃗ )⋅(2a ⃗ +b ⃗ )=3，所以4a ⃗ 2−3b ⃗ 2−4a ⃗ ⋅b ⃗ =4−3−4a ⃗ ⋅b ⃗ =3，故a ⃗ ⋅b ⃗ =−12， 所以cosθ=a⃗ ⋅b ⃗ |a ⃗ ||b ⃗ |=−12，结合θ∈(0,π)，所以θ=2π3．(2)由(1)知a ⃗ ⋅b ⃗ =−12， 所以|2a ⃗ −3b ⃗ |=√(2a ⃗ −3b ⃗ )2=√4a ⃗ 2−12a ⃗ ⋅b ⃗ +9b ⃗ 2=√4−12×(−12)+9=√19．【解析】根据已知条件求出a ⃗ ⋅b ⃗ ，然后套用夹角公式求出cosθ，进而求出θ的值，然后将|2a ⃗ −3b ⃗ |平方，将已知代入化简即可．本题考查平面向量数量积的运算和性质，以及模的计算，属于基础题．18.【答案】解：(1)若z 是实数，则m 2−4m +3=0，解得：m =1或3；(2)若z 是纯虚数，则{m 2−8m +15=0m 2−4m +3≠0，解得：m =5； (3)复数z 所对应的点为(m 2−8m +15,m 2−4m +3)，结合题意m 2−8m +15=m 2−4m +3，解得：m =3．【解析】(1)根据实数的定义得到关于m 的方程，解出即可；(2)根据纯虚数的定义得到关于m 的不等式，解出即可；(3)求出z 的对应点，得到关于m 的方程，解出即可．本题考查了复数的有关概念，考查对应思想，是基础题．19.【答案】解：(1)若点A ，B ，M 三点共线，可得k AB =k AM ，即2−55−2=t−5t−2=−1，解得t=72；(2)由A(2,5)，B(5,2)，C(10,7)，可得|AB|=√9+9=3√2，|BC|=√25+25=5√2，|AC|=√64+4=2√17，则|AB|2+|BC|2=|AC|2，所以三角形ABC为直角三角形，且角B为直角．【解析】(1)由三点共线的条件：斜率相等，解方程可得值；(2)由两点的距离公式，分别计算三边，再由勾股定理的逆定理可得结论．本题考查三角形的形状和三点共线的条件，考查方程思想和运算能力，属于基础题．20.【答案】解：(1)因为2ccosA=2b−a，由正弦定理可得2sinCcosA=2sinB−sinA，即2sinCcosA=2sin(A+C)−sinA，整理得：2sinCcosA=2sinAcosC+2cosAsinC−sinA，即sinA(2cosC−1)=0，∵sinA≠0，∴2cosC−1=0，即cosC=12，则C=π3；(2)∵C=π3，c=4，△ABC的面积为4√3，∴S△ABC=12absinC=12ab×√32=4√3，∴ab=16，又由余弦定理得a2+b2−16=ab，即(a+b)2=3ab+16=64，∴a+b=8，即a+b+c=8+4=12，所以△ABC的周长为12．【解析】(1)已知等式利用正弦定理化简，整理后根据sin A不为0求出cos C的值，即可确定出角C的大小；(2)利用余弦定理，面积公式构造方程组求解．第13页，共15页本题考查正余弦定理、三角形面积公式、和差角公式的应用，属于中档题．21.【答案】解：(1)当侧面AA1B1B水平放置时，水的形状为四棱柱形，底面ABFE为梯形．设△ABC的面积为S=√34×22=√3，则S梯形ABFE =34⋅√3，V 水=34√3⋅AA1=3√3．(2)当底面ABC水平放置时，水的形状为三棱柱形，设水面高为h，则有V水=Sℎ，∴3S=Sℎ，∴ℎ=3．故当底面ABC水平放置时，液面高为3．【解析】(1)利用棱柱的体积公式求解即可．(2)当底面ABC水平放置时，水的形状为三棱柱形，由已知条件求出水的体积，由于是直三棱柱形容器，故水的体积可以用三角形的面积直接表示出，不必求三角形的面积．本题考点是棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积，考查用用体积公式来求高，解答本题时要充分考虑几何体的形状，根据其形状选择求解的方案，是中档题．22.【答案】解：(1)因为BD=2，AB=1，∠DAB=90°可得cos∠ABD=ABBD =12，可得∠ABD=60°，又∠CBD=90°，可得∠ABC=60°+90°=150°，则AC2=AB2+BC2−2AB⋅BC⋅cos∠ABC=1+3−2√3×(−√32)=7，所以AC=√7；(2)设∠ABD=α，0°<α<90°，则在直角三角形ABD中，AB=BDcosα=cosα，AD=sinα，在△ABC中，由正弦定理可得AC=BCsin(α+90°)sin30∘=2√3cosα，在三角形ABC中，由余弦定理可得BC2=AB2+AC2−2AC⋅AB⋅cos30°，即为3=cos2α+12cos2α−4√3cosα⋅cosα⋅√32=7cos2α，即cosα=√217，sinα=√1−37=2√77，所以四边形ABCD的面积为12AB⋅AD+12BC⋅BD=12×√217×2√77+12×√3×1=√37+第14页，共15页√3 2=9√314．【解析】(1)由解直角三角形可得∠ABD，再在三角形ABC中，运用余弦定理可得AC；(2)设∠ABD=α，0°<α<90°，求得AB，AD，由正弦定理可得AC，再在三角形ABC 中，运用余弦定理可得cosα，再由四边形的面积为△ABD和△CBD的面积之和，计算可得所求值．本题考查三角形的正弦定理和余弦定理、面积公式的运用，以及三角函数的诱导公式，考查方程思想和化简运算能力，属于中档题．第15页，共15页。
湖北省新高考联考协作体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试 历史 Word版含答案
2022-2023学年度下学期期末考试高一历史试卷考试时间：2023年6月27日上午10:30-11:45注意事项：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。
1. 小史同学在世界古代史的研究性学习中，归纳整理出如下内容。
这些内容反映的共同主题是A. 地理因素决定历史进程B. 古代帝国兴起的因素C. 文化传播对世界的影响D. 维护封建的等级制度2. 亚历山大灭亡波斯帝国，建立地跨亚非欧三洲的帝国，在政治上实行行省制，在文化上推广一种新的以希腊语为主要载体的希腊化文化。
这折射出A. 亚历山大东征促进文化交流B. 希腊完成对东方文化的同化C. 文化差异导致亚历山大东征D. 历史学率先突破西方中心论3. 有学者描写到：德意志君主已夺取罗马帝国的权力，但缺乏维持官僚机构、法院和军队所需的资金，唯一可供选择的办法是将地产作为服务的报酬，但接受者，即封臣们倾向于将地产当做私人领地来管理。
封臣们的做法A. 引发了西罗马帝国灭亡B. 形成君主专制集权制度C. 导致西欧出现割据局面D. 促成近代自治城市出现4. 图1是5— 6世纪君士坦丁堡平面图，据此可知，该城A. 突出皇权至上B. 盛行庄园经济C. 信奉伊斯兰教D. 侧重军事防卫5. 11世纪之前，在欧洲，童年被看作是一个稍纵即逝的过渡阶段，对儿童普遍冷漠、忽视。
15、16世纪，意大利出现了很多表现儿童天真、可爱的世俗画，儿童逐渐被发现。
这主要是因为A. 殖民扩张B. 文艺复兴C. 科学革命D. 启蒙运动6. 表1是17世纪末18世纪初英国议会颁布的部分法案据此可知，此时英国A. 国王处于统而不治的地位B. 责任内阁的权力得到加强C. 君主立宪制正在逐步形成D. 工业资产阶级取得统治权7. 19世纪中期，美国东北部工业资本主义初步形成；与此同时，西部也逐步由“南部的孩子”长大成人，通过运河和铁路与东北部紧密联系在一起，昔日西部这个南部的主要贸易伙伴，现在变成了北部的主要贸易伙伴。
湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2022-2023学年数学高一上期末联考试题含解析
=（2，-2，0）， =（0，-2，0）， =（2，0，2），
设平面FDM的法向量 =（x，y，z），
则 ，取x=1，得 =（1，0，-1），
∴点C到平面FDM的距离d= = =
【点睛】本题考查线面垂直的证明，考查点到平面的距离的求法，考查空间中线线、线面、面面间的位置关系等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，考查数形结合思想，是中档题
【详解】（1）由 有 ，得： ，所以函数 的“稳定点”为 ；
（2）证明：若 ，则 ，显然成立；
若 ，设 ，有 ，则有 ，
所以 ，故
（3）因为 ，所以方程 有实根，即 有实根，
所以 或 ，解得 又由 得： 即 由（1）知 ，故方程 左边含有因式
所以 ，又 ，
所以方程 要么无实根，要么根是方程 的解，
当方程 无实根时， 或 ，即 ，
当方程 有实根时，则方程 的根是方程 的解，
则有 ，代入方程 得 ，故 ，
将 代入方程 ，得 ，所以 .
综上： 的取值范围是 .
【点睛】作为新型定义题，题中需要求什么，我们就从条件中去得到相应的关系，比如本题中，求不动点，就去求 ；求稳定点，就去求 ，完全根据定义去处理问题.
需要求出不动点及稳定点相同，则需要它们对应方程的解完全一样.
因为长方形ABCD，DC=CN=2,所以四边形DCNM是正方形，
∴DN⊥CM，
因为平面MNFE⊥平面ABCD，FN⊥MN,MNFE∩平面ABCD=MN,
所以FN⊥平面DCNM，因为CM 平面DCNM，
所以CM⊥FN，
又DN∩FN=N，∴CM⊥平面DFN
（2）以M为原点，MN为x轴，MA为y轴，ME为z轴，建立空间直角坐标系，
湖北省新高考联考协作体高一下学期期末考试英语试题答案
2022-2023学年度下学期期末考试高一英语答案1—5ACABB6—10CBBAC11—15CAABC16—20CBACB21-23ACC24-27DDBA28-31DCAB32-35DACD36-40CDFEB41-45BCBAB46-50DDCAD51-55ABCDC56.was written57.academic58.is59.to comprehend60.themselves61.which62.fully63.noticing64.a65.about应用文：Dear Jenkins,I’m delighted to tell you about a school activity,named The Travel of Chinese Countryside Culture.The details are as follows.To have an extensive knowledge of the culture of Chinese Countryside,the5-day tour will include two parts. We’ll visit the beautiful pastoral scenery and experience real life on the farm.Besides,we will call on some local residents at their homes.For safety purpose,all the participants should be at least18,and at the same time they should be strong enough for the changeable weather and the long journey.If you want to enter for it,you can contact the Student Union either by email or telephone.Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua读后续写：One possible versionIt took nearly two hours to find a workable solution that could bring all four horses to safety.It was a process of trial and error that required a few firefighters to slip into the cold water to tie belts under the chests of the horses.The scene was chaotic,and everyone were panicked.Eventually emergency responders secured a rope around the first horse.The method worked,and the first horse was saved.To get the horses out,they used a powerful tractor to get the animals out of the mud and ropes to pull them over the ing the same method but with a more powerful tractor,they saved the remaining three horses, one by one.The effort took a total of about three hours.Despite being chilled and startled,all four horses seemed healthy.录音原文：Text1W:Max,do you understand the math problem Mr.White just explained?M:Of course.Do you need help?W:Yes.I asked for two days off to go to the hospital,so I’m completely lost now.Text2W:Dad,can I try your coffee?I’m sleepy,but I have to finish my homework.Coffee may clear my head.M:Mamie,you’re too young to drink coffee.It’s your lunch break.You’d better have a short sleep now.Text3W:Has Osborn adapted to his new school?M:No.There are thirty students in his class,two thirds of whom are American.Some are from Canada and Britain.He’s the only Thai.He feels so lonely.Text4W:Did you buy the flowers in the vase?M:No.I only like sunflowers,you know.Is it possible that Judy bought them?W:It’s impossible.She isn’t fond of lilies.She only has a soft spot for roses.Text5W:I just bought the painting from the gallery.Can you help me hang it on the wall?M:Sure,but the painting is too modern.I’m afraid it doesn’t match the design style of your house.W:I don’t think so.And I carefully chose the painting for my house.Text6W:Honey,I think our dog needs a walk now.And you have been playing computer games for hours.You’d better go out and rest your eyes.M:OK.What are you going to do?W:Simon left his toys all over the place.I have to put them away.M:He should do it himself.Is he in the bedroom now?W:No.He is playing football with Ted in the yard.Text7M:Mom,Louis and I have arranged to go to the zoo at10:00a.m.tomorrow.I’ve set an alarm for8:30a.m., but I worry I’ll turn off the alarm and go back to sleep then.Can you wake me up tomorrow?W:Oh,I’m afraid not.I’ll have an important meeting at8:00a.m.tomorrow.M:That’s bad.Dad is away on business.Hmm,then I’ll set another alarm just in case.W:Good idea.By the way,I have to work overtime tomorrow and will come home a little late.You can havedinner at your uncle’s house.M:I don’t want to trouble him.I’ll cook dinner and wait for you.I’ve learned a few new dishes recently.W:That would be great.Text8W:Good morning.Oh,Mr.Sanchez.You’re a regular customer here.Welcome!Did your daughter like the graduation present you bought her?M:Yes.Today I want to buy some earrings for my wife.Our wedding anniversary is coming up.W:Okay.Well,what do you say about these earrings?M:I like them…Those over there are also very pretty.W:The first pair is yellow gold and the second pair is white gold.M:I’ll take the second pair.I like that diamond ring,too.How much does it cost?W:You’re lucky.Originally it was$1,600,but it is on sale for$1,400.M:Then I’ll also take it.W:OK.And the earrings you chose cost$600.How would you like to pay?Text9W:I bought the novel May Contain Nuts last week.Have you heard of it?M:Never.Is it about cooking?W:No.In the novel,Alice,a middle-class mother living in London,worries about her daughter very much.Many Western children suffer from injuries or allergies caused by eating nuts.So she is afraid that her daughter will eat food containing nuts at school.M:Maybe she’s worrying too much.W:You’re right.In addition,she even pretends to be her daughter to take part in the exam in order to get her daughter into the key middle school.M:What?Her behavior is beyond my understanding.W:Do you know helicopter parents?They want to be around their children all the time and help them solve all the problems.Alice is one of them.M:I see.Can you lend me this book?W:Sorry.I joined a reading club and I’ll take this book there tomorrow.M:It’s okay.Text10M:My children and I visited the highest-altitude cash machine in the world,which is located at the Khunjerab Pass border between China and Pakistan.Getting to the pass is one of the planet’s most dramatic drives.Our journey started from our home in Pakistan’s coastal city of Karachi,and included a plane,a train anda drive to the city of Gilgit.The well-paved road to the pass was a fairly easy drive,and the car we rented wassuitable.But it was the altitude that made the trip a challenge.We were instructed by our local tour guide to keep dried apricots under our tongues to prevent altitude sickness.And with our multiple layers ofclothing,we prepared ourselves for the changing weather.Why,then,is there a fully functional ATM in the middle of this remote highland?The Guinness World Record-holding machine works like any other.It can be used to withdraw cash,pay electricity bills and make fund transfers.People were posing for photos and orbiting the cash machine to get the best selfies.Ayesha Bayat from South Africa was on holiday with her husband.“We come from a country where we do have mountain ranges…but not like this.I’m finding the views absolutely beautiful,”she said.Atiya Saeed brought39of her students to the Pakistan-China border.“It’s the first time in a long time that we’ve traveled in Pakistan,”she said.答案及解析：阅读理解A篇：21.A细节理解题。
湖北省新高考联考协作体2022-2023学年高一下学期期末语文试题含解析
2022-2023学年度下学期期末考试高一语文试卷（答案在最后）考试时间：2023年6月26日上午9：00-11：30试卷满分：150分注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。
写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成小题。
材料一：《红楼梦》中藏着一部元明清经典戏曲史。
《红楼梦》大约有四十多个章回先后出现了和戏曲有关的内容。
《红楼梦》小说出现过的戏曲主要有三类，第一类是各种生日宴会、家庭庆典中，由家班正式演出的传奇剧目；第二类是各类生日宴会、家庭庆典出现的演出，但是没有提及剧名；还有一类是诗句、对话、酒令、谜语、礼品中涉及的戏曲典故以及其他曲艺形式。
《红楼梦》中的戏曲演出不少出现于觥筹交错的宴饮场合。
如第二十二回《听曲文宝玉悟禅机》写宝钗生日这天，贾母提议安排酒戏，昆弋兼演。
由于贾府的家班多演昆腔，所以为宝钗生日外请了戏班。
而宝玉悟禅机的契机则因为所点剧目中有一出《醉打山门》，其中的一支曲牌《寄生草》填词极妙：漫揾英雄泪，相离处士家。
谢慈悲剃度在莲台下。
没缘法转眼分离乍。
赤条条来去无牵挂。
那里讨烟蓑雨笠卷单行？一任俺芒鞋破钵随缘化！宝玉听后非常震动，称赏不已，这一伏笔将引出宝玉日后“何等超凡入圣大觉大悟诸语录来”。
这即是“听曲文宝玉悟禅机”。
明清的宴饮文化中少不了唱曲儿，这种风气与明代中后期以来宴乐的社会习俗有关。
筵宴过程中还安排奏乐、唱曲、行酒令、说笑话、游园赏景等活动。
穿插其中的清唱是一种可以不带动作表演的传统演出形式，可以围绕某一特定的主题，一人清唱，以歌曲、言词和适当的肢体动作来表现故事的内容。
高中英语 2022-2023学年湖北省孝感市高一(上)期中英语试卷
2022-2023学年湖北省孝感市重点高中教科研协作体高一（上）期中英语试卷一、第一部分：英语知识运用（共四节，满分10分）第一节语音知识从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．1．（1分）regard（ ）A．design B．gentle C．college D．forget2．（1分）refuse（ ）A．discuss B．rude C．focus D．excuse3．（1分）charge（ ）A．toothache B．machine C．search D．Christian4．（1分）field（ ）A．quiet B．piece C．friend D．experience5．（1分）tapes（ ）A．potatoes B．speeches C．cakes D．Bridges6．（5分）根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该选项涂黑．选项中有两个为多余选项．Repairman：Good afternoon．（6）Customer：Hello．My mobile phone isn't working．Could you repair，please．Repairman：（7）Customer：It worked well yesterday，but I simply couldn't turn on this morning．Repairman：（8）Customer：Here you are．Repairman：Well，I think we，11 be able to fix it．You can pick it up this Friday．Customer：Oh，no．That's too long．（9）I need it as soon as possible．Repairman：（10）What time？Customer：Let me see．How about Wednesday afternoon？Repairman：After five o'clockCustomer：OK．Thank you．A．That's great．B．I beg your pardon？C．Let me have a look．D．What's the problem？E．Pm sorry to hear that．F．What can I do for you？G．I wonder if you could fix it earlier．第三节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并填在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．7．（1分）An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are ________ ______ it．（ ）A．against B．for C．to D．with8．（1分）The basketball coach，as well as his team，______interviewed shortly after the match for their outst anding performance．（ ）A．were B．was C．is D．are9．（1分）No matter where he is，he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast．（ ）A．him B．this C．that D．it10．（1分）It is the third time that she has won the race，______ has surprised us all．（ ）A．that B．where C．which D．what11．（1分）________ in a long queue，we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad．（ ）A．Standing B．To stand C．Stood D．Stand12．（1分）-I'm sorry for being late．I should have phoned you earlier．--_________．I've just arrived．（ ）A．That's no trouble B．You are welcomeC．That's all right D．You can never tell13．（1分）If my car _________more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer．（ ）A．was B．had been C．should be D．would be14．（1分）Hot _______the night air was，we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey．（ ）A．although B．as C．while D．however15．（1分）He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air-conditio ning system ______________．（ ）A．broke in B．broke up C．broke out D．broke down16．（1分）As many five courses are provided，and you are free to choose ______ suits you best．（ ）A．whatever B．whichever C．whenever D．wherever17．（1分）-The trip shouldn't take more than an hour．-_______．Tt is at least two hours．（ ）A．I guess so B．That's itC．You must be joking D．It depends18．（1分）If he takes on this work，he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge．（ ）A．meets B．meeting C．meet D．to meet19．（1分）I______ thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home．（ ）A．won't B．can't C．can D．will20．（1分）-Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon？-I'm sorry，but by then I______ to Beijing．How about five？（ ）A．fly B．will flyC．will be flying D．am flying21．（1分）All the photographs in this book，_______ stated otherwise，date from the 1950s．（ ）A．unless B．until C．once D．if第四节完形填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）22．（30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．One sunny afternoon，a seven-year-old girl went for a walk．She crossed a large area of grassland into the w oods（26） she realized that she was lost．Sitting on a rock and（27） what to do，she began crying．After a while．She（28） to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes．（29） it was getting dark，she saw a small，dark wooden house．She opened the door and （30） stepped in．Suddenly，she heard a strange noise，and s he ran out the door and back to the （31）．Cold and tired，she fell asleep near a （32）． The girl's parents were out and her dog，Laddy，was at home．Laddy（33） that his mistress（女主人）w as in danger．He jumped（34） a window，breaking the glass．He looked in the fields．But he couldn't f ind his mistress anywhere．However，from the ground came a（35） scent （气味） as he lowered his he ad．He （36） the scent and walked across the grassland．Barking（37） into the air，the dog（3 8） through the woods until he found the（39）．But the girl was not there，so he headed back t o the woods．Much to his（40），he saw his mistress' blue shirt in the distance．He （41） over so me bushes and saw the little stream，where the girl was（42）．When she opened her eyes and （43）her dog standing beside her，the girl said，"you （44）me，Laddy，"and she kissed him several times．Seeing their daughter and dog coming back，the parents burst int o tears of （45）．That night Laddy had a hero's supper：a huge meal of steak26．A．before B．since C．while D．as27．A．wondering B．forgetting C．remembering D．regretting28．A．preferred B．expected C．failed D．decided29．A．When B．Until C．If D．Because30．A．carelessly B．cautiously C．hopelessly D．unwillingly31．A．trees B．bushes C．woods D．grasses32．A．stream B．rock C．tree D．house33．A．found B．sensed C．heard D．smelt34．A．at B．through C．in D．onto35．A．terrible B．strange C．pleasant D．familiar36．A．missed B．discovered C．followed D．ignored37．A．calmly B．loudly C．merrily D．gently38．A．searched B．wandered C．looked D．travelled39．A．window B．girl C．house D．hero40．A．satisfaction B．disappointment C．embarrassment D．delight41．A．jumped B．climbed C．walked D．flew42．A．awake B．abandoned C．available D．asleep43．A．spotted B．watched C．observed D．saw44．A．disturbed B．comforted C．rescued D．scared45．A．pain B．shock C．sorrow D．relief第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共4小题；毎小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答題卡上将该选项涂黑．23．（6分）What brings a nation together？Of the four choices-shared values，lang uage，history，and religion，it's shared values．In our latest poll （民意调查），seve n out of 16 countries chose values as the greatest factor （因素）bringing a nation t ogether，and six preferred language．Both choices scored high in the poll，suggest ing that our values and how we express them are closely linked Still，history was no t forgotten in some countries，particularly in Mexico and Russia．Even Canada an d the United States chose national histories as the second-most important factor un iting their people．The biggest surprise？Not one country picked religion as its to p choice．Respect your elders In most countries，the oldestgeneration considered v alues more important t o a nation than did thos e who are under 45 years old．Do you speak Canadian？Language scored lower i n Canada than in all other countries polled，per haps because the count ry speaks two official la nguages，French and English．Church and state Most people polled do not connect their relig ious beliefs to their national pride．Religion ran ked last in 13 countries-with France scoring it a t 1%，the lowest of all．46．According to the poll，what was the most important factor in bringing a nation together？A．Language． B．Values． C．History． D．Religion．47．In which country did language score the lowest in their national pride？A．Canada．B．Mexico． C．France． D．America．48．According to the charts，shared values and language were considered equally important in．A．Australia B．Brazil C．China D．India．24．（8分）Three Boys and a DadBrad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother．Expecting a whole day to relax，he was thin king whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months．"Thi s will be like a walk in the park，"he'd told his wife．"I'll look after the kids，and you can go visit your mo m．"Things started well，but just after eight o'clock，his three little"good kids"-Mike，Randy，and Alex-came do wn the stairs in their night clothes and shouted"breakfast，daddy．"When food had not appeared within thirt y seconds，Randy began using his spoon on Alex's head as if it were a drum．Alex started to shout loudly in t ime to the beat（节拍）．Mike chanted"Where's my toast，where's my toast"in the background．Brad realize d his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds．Life became worse after breakfast．Mike wore Randy's underwear on his head．Randy locked himself in the b athroom，while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants．Nobody could find clean socks，although they were before their very eyes．Someone named"Not Me"had spilled a whole glass of orange juic e into the basket of clean clothes．Brad knew the talk show had already started．By ten o'clock，things were out of control．Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter．Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils．Rand y，thankfully，appeared to be reading quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he wa s eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands．Brad realised that the talk show was over and rea ding would be impossible．At exactly 11：17，Brad called the daycare centre （日托所）．"I suddenly have to go into work and my wife's away．Can I bring the boys over in a few minutes？"The answer was obviously"yes"because Brad was smili ng．49．When his wife left home．Brad expected to．A．go out for a walk in the parkB．watch TV talk show with his childrenC．enjoy his first day off workD．read the newspaper to his children50．Which of the following did Randy do？A．Drawing on the wallB．Eating apple jamC．Feeding the fish．D．Reading in a room51．Why did Brad ask the daycare centre for help？A．Because he wanted to clean up his house．B．Because he suddenly had to go to his officeC．Because he found it hard to manage his boys home．D．Because he had to take his wife back52．This text is developed．A．by spaceB．by comparisonC．by processD．by time．25．（8分）Eating too much fatty food，exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart di sease．But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately：the air you breath e．Previous studies have linked high exposure （暴露）to environmental pollution to an increased risk of hear t problem，but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke （中风）within as little as a few hours after exposure．In one review of the research，scientists found that people expose d to high levels of pollutants （污染物）were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of expos ure than those with lower exposure．A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U．S．Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） considers to be of"moderate"（良好）quality and relatively safe fo r our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure．The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly mod est compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure．However，it is important to b e aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices．So stric ter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also becom e necessary to protect public health．（1）The text mainly discusses the relationship between．A．heart problems and air qualityB．heart problems and exercisingC．heart problems and smokingD．heart problems and fatty food（2）The underlined word"modest"in Paragraph 3 most probably means．A．relatively highB．extremely lowC．relatively lowD．extremely high（3）What can we learn from the text？A．Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart．B．The EPA conducted many studies on air quality．C．Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking，D．Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made．（4）The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely to．A．informB．persuadeC．describeD．entertain26．（8分）Spring is coming，and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs．Competition is toug h，so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices．Whatever we are wearing，our family and fr iends may accept us，but the workplace may not．A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos （文身）nose ring s，or certain dress styles．It is true you can't judge a book by its cover，yet people do"cover"themselves in o rder to convey （传递）certain messages．What we wear，including tattoos and nose rings，is an expression o f who we are．Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances》so do companies．Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons，but the main concern is often about wh at customers accept．Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom，but for businesses it is more about whether t o make or lose money．Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees （雇员），because those people represent the companies to their customers．As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers．There are plenty of well-qualified candidates，so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint m y customers．Even though I am open-minded，I can't expect all our customers are．There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employe r．No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply cause he or she is unwilling to respect it s standards，as long as its standards are legal．57．Which of the following is the newspaper editor's opinion according to Paragraph 2？A．People's appearances carry messages about themselves．B．Customers' choices influence dress standards in companies．C．Candidates with tattoos or nose rings should be fairly treated．D．Strange dress styles should not be encouraged in the workplace．58．What can be inferred from the text？A．Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview．B．What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies．C．Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates．D．Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates．59．Which of the following would be the best title for the text？A．Employees MatterB．Personal Choices MatterC．Appearances MatterD．Hiring Managers Matter60．The author's attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described as ． A．enthusiasticB．negativeC positiveD．sympathetic．第二节（共1小题；毎小题2分，满分10分）27．（10分）根据短文内容，从下框的A～F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．选项中有一项为多余项．A．Be well-organised．B．Close with a Q & A．C．Don't be contradictory．D．Bring it to a specific endE．Speak slowly and pause．F．Drop unnecessary wordsSpeaking to a group can be difficult，but listening to a bad speech is truly a tiresome task-especially when the speaker is confusing．Don't want to confuse your audience？Follow these suggestions：61．When it comes to understanding new information，the human brain needs a little time．First，we hear the w ords；then，we compare the new information to what we already know．If the two are different，we need t o pause and think．But a breathless speaker never stops to let us think about what he or she is saying and ris ks confusing us．Slow it62．Sometimes we all start a sentence one way and then switch directions，which is very difficult to follow．Whe n you the audience confuse your listeners with opposing information，you leave the audience wondering wha t part of the information is right and what part they should remember．Instead of relying and keeping correct ing yourself，work to get the facts clear and straight．63．Jumping from point to point as it comes to your mind puts the onus （责任）on your listeners to make up fo r your lack of organisation．And it's confusing for them to listen，reorganise，and figure out what you're sayi ng all at once．But going smoothly from one point to the next helps them understand information more easil y．You can arrange things from beginning to end，small to large，top to bottom or by some other order．Jus t be sure to organise．64．Repeated use of um，ah，like，you know and some other useless noises can drive an audience crazy．It make s the speaker sound uncertain and unprepared，and it can leave listeners so annoyed that they can't pay atte ntion．Recently I attended a speech that was marked by so many ums that audience members were rolling th eir eyes．Was anybody grasping the intended message？Um，probably not．65．Many speakers finish up their speeches with question-and-answer （Q & A） sessions，but some let the Q & A go on without a clear end．The audience is often left confused about whether the meeting is over and when they can get up and leave．Do your listeners a favour by setting a time limit on questions，and close your speech with a specific signal-even if it's something simple like，"If you have any more questions，you know where to reach me．"Or even more to the point，conclude your speech with"Thanks for your time．"第三部分：写作（共三节，满分10分）第一节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据下列各句句意和空白之后的汉语提示词，在答题卡指定区域的横线上写出对应单词的正确、完整形式，每空只写一词．28．（1分）This T-shirt is made of high quality （纯的）cotton．29．（1分）More and more Chinese people are able to （付得起）to travel abroad．30．（1分）The first official results are not expected until （星期二）at the earliest．31．（1分）He was wearing a very （严肃的）expression and I knew something was wrong．32．（1分）Regular tests help the teacher to learn about the （进步）of each student．33．（1分）The open exhibition will allow local （艺术家）to show their talents．34．（1分）He （承诺）that he would come，but he has turned up yet．35．（1分）The staff soon found the new manager easy to （接近）．36．（1分）There is nothing there-you are just （想象）things!37．（1分）The little girl walked （自信地）onto the stage，ready for her first speech．第二节短文改错（共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分}38．（15分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（A ），并在其下面写出该加的词．删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．修改：在错的词下划一横线（一），并在该词下面写出修改后的词．注意：1每处错误及修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when wevisitBeijing last month．It is in the downt own area，butit is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport．We lived in acomfortablydouble-room with a big bath．What I liked bestwerethe free high-speed Internet con nection in the room．I checked my email messages every day．I also sharedformy friends many photostakingi第三节书面表达（满分0分）n Beijing．The food was wonderful with reasonable prices，and we enjoyed several localdish．It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend ofmewho is going to Beijing．39．假定你是李华．下面的图画描述了教师节那天你们班组织的一次活动，请根据写作药店并参考图画内容，为校刊"英语角"版面写一篇短文． 写作要点：1．活动的策划；2．教室的布置； 3．活动的内容；4．你的感想． 注意：1．短文词数不少于100；2．开头部分已写好，不计入总词数； 3．可根据情况增减细节，详略得当； 4．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称．class=mathjye-underline＞Ms．Li，our English teacher，must have found it strange on Teachers' Day；she did not receive a single greeting card from us students．She would have never thought a complete surprise was waiting for her．。
2022-2023学年湖北省新高考联考协作体高一下学期期末考试英语试题
2022-2023学年湖北省新高考联考协作体高一下学期期末考试英语试题1. Here, our selection of Britain’s strangest museums has something for everyone.Glasgow Riverside Transport MuseumThe museum houses steam engines, motorbikes, Glasgow buses and just about anything else that has a set of wheels，wings or sails. For those not in love with transport, there’s a copy of a 19th-century Glasgow street with traditional shops and an old subway station.Entrance is free and for children of all ages.The Natural History Museum, HertfordshireThe Victorians were mad about collecting, and this is essentially the personal collection of just one home-educated boy, which began when he was five years old. But as a member of the Rothschild family, Walter to ok40yearstodoit.There’s just about every stuffed animal you could ever imagine, and quite a few you couldn’t: a polar bear; George, a mandrill (山魁) from London Zoo; a four-ton elephant seal; and some 80 kinds of dog.Entrance is free.The Pencil Museum, CumbriaIt is a museum all about the history of the everyday pencil. There are free daily artists’ demonstrations and workshops, so you can enter from one end of the museum and go out with a drawing from another end. The lovely Lake District location adds to the experience and the wonderful shop is especially enjoyable for stationery lovers.Entrance: adults £ 4.25, children £ 3.25.The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, HertfordshireThis is the result of 30 years of crazy collecting by Andy Glazzard. There are artworks from sci-fi classics, but most of the museum artworks center Of Doctor Who.Entrance: adults £ 8, children £ 6.1. Which museum will you visit if your child is interested in the materials for writing?A．The Pencil Museum, Cumbria.B．Glasgow Riverside transport Museum.C．The Natural History Museum, Hertfordshire.D．The Time Machine Museum of Science Fiction, Hertfordshire.2. What did Walter and Andy Glazzard have in common?A．They were both adventurous. B．They were both fond of nature.C．They both liked collecting things. D．They both liked to have demonstrations.3. Where does this passage probably come from?A．A news report. B．A novel website.C．A travel guidebook. D．A magazine on animals.2. Holly, my wife, cannot cook. She is capable of the process of cooking, but she cannot cook in the same way that an octopus(章鱼) cannot ride a bike.One time, I walked into the kitchen to find Holly making toast I generally feel safe eating toast that Holly has made because it boasts nothing but few steps. But this toast was a bit thin and tough. “It’s a bit thin and tough,” I said. “What bread is this?”“It’s the same bread we always have,” Holly said, pointing to the bag.“Oh, my God!” I cried. “It has a best-by date of January 2009.”“It was in the freezer,” Holly said. “The best-by date doesn’t count if the product is frozen.”“But still there is a limit for frozen food,” I responded holding up a slice of bread which felt like a stone.“No, there isn’t,” she replied. “I once saw a show where scientists found a rare animal frozen in ice for millions of years. They melted it, cooked it, and ate it.”“That is why it is called a show,” I cried.“You never appreciate anything I do,” replied Holly.“That’s not true,” I said. “I appreciate everything you do. You’re a beautiful, kind, thoughtful person. But if I ordered a hamburger at McDonald’s and they handed it to me, saying, “Sorry, it was a bit tough because the bread had been stored for nearly 10 years,’ I would ass ume there was something wrong with the restaurant staff.”“It would probably be good with me,” responded Holly, holding out her hands. “But you would never know whether the guy at McDonald’s spent an hour in the kitchen making it for you and burned his thu mb on a pan.”“Fine,” I sighed, raising it to my mouth. “I’ll taste it. Taking the brown and yellow bread, I had a strong burning feeling like having a mouthful of red ants. I swallowed with effort as my eyes began to water.“Yes,” said Holly. “We were out of cream, so I used pepper from Sichuan, China instead.”1. Why does the author feel safe eating toast made by his wife?A．Because his wife loves him. B．Because his wife once did it well.C．Because his wife is good at cooking. D．Because the process of making toast iseasy.2. Holly insisted that the bread was eatable because .A．once the bread was heated, it was safeB．the bread was within the limit of the dateC．scientists once proved that out da fed food is healthyD．she thought that date limit didn’t work on frozen food3. The toast Holly made was .A．brown but tasty B．hard and hotC．soft and sweet D．thick and tough4. What can we learn from the passage?A．Holly made great efforts in making toast.B．Holly can neither ride a bike nor do any cooking.C．The author was in a bad relationship with his wife.D．Bread at MacDonald’s is generally stored for a long time.3. When it comes to reading, we may be assuming that reading for knowledge is the best reason to pick up a book. Research, however, suggests that reading fiction may provide far more important benefits than nonfiction. It may be one of the best methods for building empathy(同理心), critical thinking and creativity.High-level business leaders have long enthusiastically praised the virtues of reading. But they almost always recommend nonfiction. Reading nonfiction might certainly be valuable for collecting knowledge. However, research suggests that reading fiction predicts a sharper ability to understand other people’s motivations.In addition, research suggests that reading literary fiction is an effective way to improve the brain’s ability to keep an open mind while processing information, a necessary skill for effective decision-making. In a 2013 study, researchers examined something called the need for cognitive closure(认知闭合), or the desire to “reach a quick conclusion in decision-making and an aversion to uncertainty and confusion”. Individuals with a strong need for cognitive closure rely heavily on “early information hints”, m eaning they struggle to change their minds as new information becomes available. A high need for cognitive closure also means individuals are attracted to smaller bits of information and fewer viewpoints. Individuals who resist the need for cognitive closure tend to be more thoughtful, more creative, and more comfortable with competing narratives—all characteristics of high emotional intelligence.University of Toronto researchers discovered that individuals in their study who read short stories (as opposed to essays) demonstrated a lower need for cognitive closure. That result is not surprising given that reading literature requires us to slowdown, take in volumes of information, and then change our minds as we read. There’s no easy answer in literature. Instead, there’s only perspective-taking. As readers, we’ll almost certainly find Lolita’s narrator Humbert Humbert hateful, but we are forced to experience how he thinks, a valuable exercise for decreasing our need for cognitive closure.1. What does the second paragraph suggest about reading fiction?A．It can’t help us to keep motivated.B．It helps us to gather knowledge.C．It helps us to improve reading skills. D．It helps us to better understand others. 2. What is the most possible meaning of the underlined word in paragraph 3?A．Amazement B．Desire C．Dislike D．Need3. What do we know about people with a high need for cognitive closure?A．They are unwilling to accept new things.B．They rely a little on the help of others.C．They are happy to accept new knowledge.D．They are in no hurry to draw conclusions.4. What is the advantage of reading fiction according to the text?A．It can hardly change our mind.B．It can improve emotional intelligence.C．It can increase the need for cognitive closure.D．It can add the ability of literature appreciation.4. Along the rocky Algerian coast, just east of where the bulky shape of Mount Chenoua slides into the Mediterranean， these a and indifference may finally do what the Vandals did not. There, for more than 2, 500 years, has stood Tipasa. It is considered as one of the most important archaeological sites in North Africa.Tipasa fell into ruin in the sixth century. Both its main complex on the coast and an inland monumental tomb were all but forgotten in the olive trees and thin pines. Most of the ancient city, in fact, remains buried beneath sediment(沉积物) upto12 feet thick. For the last few decades, however, what’s left of Tip as a’s past has been increasingly surrounded by the expanding modern town of Tipasa from three sides. And to the north, the waves lap ever closer.“What’s special about Tipasa, a UNESCO-recognized World Heritage Site since 1982, is the charm of its landscape， the shared presence of history and archaeology, culture, nature, and architecture. It’s the spirit of the place,” said Lynda Aoudia Benali who has studied Tipasa and the ongoing challenges from both rapid urbanization and insufficient Site management.Now, Tipasa is entering a new chapter, perhaps its last: It’s become a symbol of an entire continent’s heritage in crisis. Recently, a team reported the results of hard work mapping how sea level rise is affecting nearly 300 World Heritage Sites around Africa’s roughly 20, 000 miles of coastline. About 20 percent of the sites examined, including Tipasa, are already at higher risk from flooding and erosion(腐蚀). By 2050 that figure is expected to more than twice.The Site’s 2lst-century problems have only increased in the last two decades. UNESCO has repeatedly threatened to remove the site of World Heritage status. As recently as 2021, the organization noted a lot of problems at Tipasa, such as modern construct on, including a proposed port, which threatened the site’s integrity.1. What can we know about Tip as a?A．It was built one thousand years ago.B．It is the most important archeological site in Africa.C．It is considered as a well-known tourist attraction.D．It suffered complete damage in the sixth century.2. What can we infer from Lynda Aoudia Benali’s words in Paragraph 3?A．Tipasa has its unique characteristics.B．Tipasa has experienced quick development.C．Tipasa became a World Heritage Site in the 1990s.D．Tipasa has been paid much attention to for its management.3. What puts Tipasa at a higher risk according to the passage?A．The over development. B．The abundant tourists.C．The natural disasters. D．The severe pollution.4. What will most probably happen to Tipasa?A．Its modern construction will be completely stopped.B．Its problems have been solved.C．Its effects of climate change will be avoided.D．Its World Heritage status is under threat.5. If you’ve ever kept a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then the chances are good that these same people have kept secrets from you. Not all of them, and not at every moment 1 .The hard part of having a secret is not that you have to hide it, but that you have to live with it. So even if you do have fears and worries, know that the research shows people react more positively to disclosures(吐露秘密) than we often imagine. It might take a dash of courage to reveal something sensitive. 2 If you are in the middle of a social interaction that makes you feel comfortable and open, then recognize the door is open to disclosure, too.You could shout your secret in a forest where there is nobody around to hear it, but just like the leaves that nobody hears falling. 3 .When people reveal secrets to others, they are often looking for help, and often seek out the people who prove most helpful.Another person can offer you two different kinds of help: emotional support and practical support If you can find someone you feel comfortable opening up to, they are likely to give you one, even if not both kinds. They might express sympathy or empathy, or share with you a similar struggle they have overcome. 4 The harmful cycle of negative thinking is easier to break when we bring others in.If you are currently keeping a secret from a friend, a family member, or a romantic partner, then you probably have at least one more secret than you need. Chances are that there is at least one secret from others that you don’t know, and this is one more reason to share what’s on your mind with others. 56. Instead of being a pacing-uptime, winter is a locking-downtime. Winter frees us in all sorts of ways.I once had a neighbor named Earl. An old-timer and a self-made man, he______told me stories about Maine winters in the past. He suggested he had ______the ice age. He backed up his old stories with______.of old black-and-white photographs of heavy snowstorms that piled up to second-floor windows and completely______cars.And I’ll never______what he said as an end to one of his stories, “A man couldn’t get much done once the snow came.” So what did he do once the snow came? He spent a great deal of time______to home and hearth, where he______the woodstove, sat with his wife, made pots of coffee, and read by the fire.As I write these words I occasionally raise my head to______the window at the woodpilestacked(堆), the garden harvested, the apple tree______ ,the lawn mowed, and the bicycle shed newly roofed.As I tended to all those things, when did I have time to______?Some years ago a friend sent me a quote by Socrates that I try to be mindful of: Beware the fruitlessness of a______life.The advice______me to look forward to the coming of winter, because I’ve finally learned that it is a slowing-downtime, a gift of rest, a(n)______to acknowledge that most of the outdoor work that could be done has been done.A friend of mine who lives in the Southeast recently called. In the course of our______he celebrated the climate where he lives, which______him to work outside year-round. “I’m always on the go.” he told me.But I think I need a good time of winter.1.A．gradually B．excitedly C．angrily D．unwillingly2.A．struggled B．explored C．survived D．celebrated3.A．laughter B．evidence C．expectation D．patience4.A．buried B．struck C．destroyed D．supported5.A．realize B．forget C．recall D．learn6.A．designing B．improving C．fixing D．tending7.A．bought B．controlled C．built D．filled8.A．look at B．watch over C．glance out D．glare at9.A．picked B．cut C．planted D．fell10.A．settle B．arrange C．work D．breathe11.A．busy B．happy C．creative D．special12.A．demanded B．taught C．appointed D．assisted13.A．amazement B．surroundings C．opportunity D．ability14.A．convenience B．appearance C．contribution D．conversation15.A．employs B．forces C．enables D．saves7. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
2022-2023学年湖北省部分高中联考协作体高一下学期期中考试英语试题(含听力)
2022-2023学年湖北省部分高中联考协作体高一下学期期中考试英语试题(含听力）1. What will the woman have?A．A sandwich. B．Fried rice C．Pizza.2. How much will the woman pay?A．$38. B．$19. C．$36.3. Why does the woman refuse the man’s invitation?A．She doesn’t like to go on a tour with him.B．She has to prepare for her Saturday’s report.C．She has to give a report on Friday evening.4. What does the man suggest the woman do?A．Take some medicine. B．Eat less. C．Do exercise.5. Why was the woman late for school today?A．She failed to get on the bus.B．She was stuck in traffic.C．She got up late.6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What’s wrong with the woman?A．Her arms hurt. B．Her back hurts. C．Her neck hurts,2. What can we learn about the woman?A．She will take the man’s advice.B．She is tired of doing computer work.C．She seldom takes breaks at work.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。