国际音标发音规则
国际音标发音规则综合版
英语音标发音表英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。
对于初学者来说，若采用集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开。
确实不易。
笔者对音标的教学采用了相对集中的方法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学。
26个字母发音表元音字母和辅音字母分类表语音知识:1) 字母：语言的书写形式。
元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u2) 音素：音的最小的单位。
英语中有48音素。
即20个元音音素和28个辅音音素.3) 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。
英语中有20元音。
4) 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。
英语中有28辅音。
5) 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。
ap'ple，stu'dent，tea'cher，un'der'stand。
6) 开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due;b) 辅音+元音he，go，hi。
7) 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音bad，bed，sit，hot，cup;b)元音+辅音it。
8) 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
读音规则1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)。
2) 非重读音节[ ] banana，student，today，after，[i] orange，secret，evening，very，Monday。
特殊读音1）音的连读：前面的词以元辅音结尾，后面的单词以元音开头，这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。
not at all，half an hour，I love you and all、after all。
2）失去爆破：辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等，前面的辅音要失去爆破。
good girl，good student，good job，expression，school，extreme。
3）音的同化：两个特殊的音碰到一起，会发出变异成特殊的音。
48个国际音标发音规则及单词最新完整版
48个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音[i:][][][u:][a:]短元音[i][][][u][][e][] 8个双元音[ai][ei][i][i][][][u][au]辅音10对清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][][ ∫ ][][tr][ts]浊辅音[b][d][g][v][z][][ ][][dr][dz] 3个鼻音[m][n][]3个似拼音[h][r][l]2个半元音[w][j]/i/--发音要领的是：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，口形偏平。
/i:/--发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/：口形扁平。
/e/--发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，开口度比/i:/大。
//--发音时舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；双唇平伸，成扁平形。
//--//是长元音。
发音时口张大，舌身压低并后缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖不抵下齿。
双唇稍收圆。
//--发音时口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩，双唇稍稍收圆。
//--它是长元音。
发音时舌后部抬得比//即美式//美式//高，双唇收得更圆更小，并向前突出。
/u/--发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。
双唇收圆，稍突出。
//--发音时舌后部尽量抬起，舌位比/u/即美式读音//英式读音//高。
双唇收圆并突出。
口形比/u/////稍小。
//--发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍扁，开口度较大，与//相似。
//--//是长元音。
发音时舌中部比发//音时略高。
双唇扁平。
//--//是读短元音。
发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平。
/ei/--先发/e/音，然后滑向/i/音。
双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。
//--它由元音//滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的//，舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。
注意将音发足。
/ai/--/ai/为双元音。
先发/a/音，然后滑向/i/音。
舌尖抵住下齿。
发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，注意从开到合的滑动。
48个国际音标发音规则
[n]（见下方）
[ŋ]（见下方）
似拼音
（浊辅音）
[l]（见下方）
[r]蕊浊音不发ui
[h]喝浊音不发e
半元音
（浊辅音）
[w]我浊音不发o
[j]呀浊音不发a
[m]嘴巴闭住，然后发音，气流从鼻子出来，浊音。
[n]嘴巴微张，舌尖顶住上颚，气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来，浊音。
[ŋ]嘴巴长大，舌头向下弯曲，气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来，浊音。
48个国际音标发音规则（英语语音）
元音
单元音
前元音
[i:]衣发长点
[i]衣急促地发声
[e]哎不把i音读出来
[æ]哎不把i音读出
中元音
[ʌ]阿嘴微微张开
[ɜ:]额发长音
[ə]额发短音
后元音
[u:]乌声音拖长
[ʊ]乌急促
[ɔ:]哦声音拖长
[ɒ]奥急促
[a:]啊嘴张到最大
双元音
开合双元音
[ei]
像“诶”的声音ei
[ai]唉
[ɔi]奥－衣连着读
[əʊ]呕-乌
[aʊ]傲-乌
集中双元音
[iə]衣－饿连着读
[eə]哎－饿连着读
[ʊə]乌－饿连着读
辅音
爆破音
清辅音
[p]普轻音不发e
[t]特轻音不发e
[k]克轻音不发e
浊辅音
[b]不浊音不发e
[d]得浊音不发e
[g]各浊音不发e
摩擦音
清辅音
[f]福轻音不发u
[s]丝轻音不发i
[ʃ]狮轻音不发i
[θ]撕咬舌头的轻音
[h]喝轻音不读e
英语国际音标发音规则
英语国际音标发音规则1 元音:1)[ i: ] 字母组合: ee ea e ieee: three tree green sheep meet beef see seek (ee)ea: eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please (ea) e: he she me(e)ie:piece field believe receive ceiling (ie,ei)读一读：Please take a seat and have tea with me.2) [ i ] 发音字母i y e ai: sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missy: myth many twenty happy dictionarye: defect decide deliciousa: message village comradeComparison (对比):seat — sit leave — live deed — did beat — bitsheep — ship cheap — chip heel — hill3) [æ] 发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flagshall man读一读：Pat’s cat is very fat.4) [ e ] 字母组合ea e aea: head bread pleasuree: elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesa: many any读一读：Betty never gets up early.5) [ з: ] 字母组合ir ur ear er orir: girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdur: turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday hurtear: learn earn earth heard earlyer: term her herd serveor: work worm world读一读：The girls were very nervous at first.6) [ ə] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uea: teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder or: doctor actor mayor author tractorou: delicious graciousar: collar familiar dollaro: together tomorrow today lesson Washington control polite a: around account ago elephant banana Canada Japan China e: men listenu: us读一读：Peter’s elder sister was a doctor.7) [ a:] 字母组合ar aar: car farm card arm gardena: fast class last glass plant aunt calm读一读：My father parked his car in front of the bar at last.8) [ ʌ] 发音字母u o ou oou: up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buso: come mother does brother love aboveou: trouble rough flourishoo: blood flood读一读：My son loves Mary very much.9) [ ɔ: ] 字母组合al or au ou ar aw oor our oreal: small wall talk tall hall ball call walkor: short more lord horse for forty sportau: author caught autumnou: bought ought foughtar: warm quarrel quarteraw: draw saw flawoor: door floorour: four mourn courtore: store more读一读：All the men in the hall were talking about the Lord’s horse.10) [ ɔ] 发音字母o ao: hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar nota: want wash what watch读一读：There are a lot of hotdogs in the box.11) [ u: ] 字母组合oo o uoo: food moon room gloom broom doom goose tootho: who do twou: true truth blue June ruler读一读：Luke chooses a pair of blue shoes.12) [ u ] 字母组合oo ou uoo: look good foot bookou: should could wouldu: put full bull pull pusho: woman wolf读一读：The woman is looking at the book.13) [ ei ] 发音字母a ay ea ai eya: age name cake late gate plane Aprilay: play say may way dayea: great breakai: rain paint plain straightey: they grey读一读：She ate eight pieces of cakes the day before yesterday.14) [ ai ] 发音字母i y ie igh eighi: bike fine find niney: my try fly eyeie: die lie tieigh: light night high mighteigh: height读一读：Mike might buy a new bike.15) [ aʊ] 字母组合ou owou: house out ground account count sound loud around mouse ow: flower down now cow how town读一读：Our house has a brown mouse.16) [ εʊ] 发音字母o ow oao: home cold go no phone host ghostow: know low below grow blow show flowoa: boat coat goal读一读：The old boat was floating slowly on the cold river. 17) [ ɔi ] 字母组合oy oioy: boy toy joyoi: oil soil voice choice boil读一读：The spoiled boy made a loud voice.18) [ iə] 字母组合e eer eare: serious periodeer: beer deerear: ear hear clear near dear读一读：Can you hear him clearly?19) [ eə] 字母组合ear air are ereear: pear bear swearere: thereair: chair air fairare: care dare hare stare fareere: there where读一读：The bear is staring at the hare.20) [ ʊə] our oor uretour poor sure读一读：The poor peasant found a jewel box in the pool.2 容易混淆的元音[æ] [e]bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen s ad said[i:] [ei]real rail greet great mean main read raid[e] [ai]bet bite red write said side head hide[aʊ] [ɔ:]house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn [aʊ] [εʊ] [ʌ] [ɔ]found fond down done gown gone town ton3 辅音1) [p] pen pear play pig pour pull push读一读：Peter helps Pat pick up the newspaper.2) [b] book big boot bike bread break rubber about baby cab rob读一读：Big boxes of bears were brought aboard.3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city cat text last doctor bottle letter 读一读：Two ticket takers took a taxi.4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary读一读：Debbie did not destroy Darrell’s dishes.5) [k] k: king kite key look cook book kitchen skyc: card cat cream correct climb come accountch: school scheduleck: kick quick[ks] x: fox box oxygen x-ray读一读：Good coolies could be cooked bu good cookies cook.6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language读一读：A big black bug bit a big black pig.7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb读一读：Many a little makes a miracle.8) [n] n: pen ten nine fine night noon moon cleankn: knock knife know knee读一读：The thin man is an African dancer.9) [ŋ] n: unclenk: bank think thank junkng: English sing ring thing king morning evening读一读：The singer sang too many long songs.10) [l] l: long land lend lord fly flag black-l: world cold could goal soul-ll: tall ill bell读一读：The little children are listening carefully in the classroom.11) [r] r: read red right run roomWr: write wrong读一读：The rich man called Frank is carrying a bag of rice.12) [f] f: five fly fine flag frog fog roof life wife knifegh: cough laugh roughph: physics photo pnone读一读：Frank found some fresh flowers for his friend.13) [v] v: very evening even every voice vestf: of读一读：He saved five hundred to visit his wife in vacation.14) [s] s: six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarfc: license city cease ceiling celebratece: licence piece juice science lance space ace读一读：The Spanish speak Spanish in Spain.15) [z] z: zoo zebra zero zapse: close nose noise suppose those whose rose use读一读：Lazy Lucy is crazy about cheese.16) [θ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth读一读：Thick sticks think thin sticks are sick.17) [ð] that this those these though读一读：My brother told me that the weather there was terrible the other night.18) [ ∫] sh: sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush washt: nation attention stationc: social specials: sure读一读：She sells seashell on the sea shore.19) [ʒ] pleasure usually measure vision读一读：They usually watch television for pleasure.20) [h] h: hot hop home house horse howwh: who whose whole读一读：Henry helped Helen to hide the heavy box in the exhibition.21) [w] wh: when what wherew: window wind wood读一读：When will we go away?22) [j] y: yes year yell you your yolk yellow读一读：Yes, you may use my yellow pen.23) [t∫] ch: child chicken China chair lunch ouch teachtch: catch watch matcht: picture nature读一读：Charles is watching a football match on Channel 5.24) [tʒ] ge: age language cabbage stage bridgej: joy enjoy join J uly June junk just Jackg: geography genius German vegetable读一读：The judge, in his jeans, jumped into a jeep.25) [tr] tr: tree country try treat track trunk读一读：Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.26) [dr] dr: dry dream drop drive drink读一读：The drunk driver drove his truck in his dream. 27) [ts] ts: students boots boats goats nuts读一读：The cats are biting the rats.28) [dz] ds: goods woods moods hoods读一读：These roads lead to the woods.4 容易混淆的辅音[v] [w]vest west vet wet vine wine very well[s] [θ]sink think mass math miss myth sort sought[z] [ð]close cloth breeze breathe[n] [ŋ]thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing5 字母，组合音节发音规律1) a [ei] [æ] [ə] [a:] [ɔ]late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past fatherwash what watch want2) e [i:] [e] [i] [ə] 不发音appreciate extremely secret she me heletter left message generate pebbledecide pretty previous result restoreproblem prosperous student confidentactive table late wife store lecture3) i [ai] [i]high price library ice cream wife size linefist pick chicken piano city unit pig4) o [əu] [u:] [ʌ] [ə] [ɔ]host cold note okay old homelose do who whose provelove some other mother honey companytoday tomorrow together control collectlost hot mock office soft honest5) u [ju] [u] [ʌ] [ə]University refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bullbut brush bucket duck bubblesupport suggest6) c [k] [s]country camp camera courage cablecity ceiling celebrate cell cease7) g [g] [dʒ] [ŋ]girl grade glass glade bag flagvillage vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n [n] [ŋ]moon night noodle numberuncle hungry angry young10) r [r] (美语发音)right read write grade progresscard board door floor form north11) y [j] [i] [ai]yellow year yell young yolkuniversity country pretty happydyke dying fly buy by my12）ar [a:] [ə] [ɔ:]farm card garden mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13) ea [i:] [e] [ei] [iə]cease season breathe feature meat pleasebread breast breath meadow weathergreat breakidea realize14) ear [ə:] [iə]learn earth earn heardhear near clear ear fear15) er [ə: ] [ə]deserve serve her personteacher driver anger singer16) ere [iə] [eə]here merethere17) ir [ə: ]shirt girl skirtire [aiə]:admire desire18) oo [u:] [u] [ʌ] [ɔ:]room tool cool moon noon foodgood foot stood wood wool cook book blood flooddoor floor19) or [ɔ:] [ə:] [ə]short form corn born forwork world worm word worsttractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor [ɔ:] [ʊə]door floormoor poor boor21) our [aʊə] [ɔ:]hour flour lourpour court four mourn22) ou [aʊ] [ʌ] [ə]house mouth mouse sound found enough trouble touchdelicious gracious prosperous23) ow [əʊ] [aʊ]window meadow know show lownow town how down cow24) se [z] [s]nose suppose lose posemouse house goose rose25) th [θ] [ð]thank think thought clothclothes that this then than26) sion [ʃən] [ʒən]Propulsion tension progression passionprotrusion provision conclusion television27) tion [ʃən ] [tʃən](不常见)station nation translation attention question6 关于语音的几个概念:音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48 个音素.音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20 个元音. 辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28 个辅音.开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音的e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2)辅音+元音he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音it is of in on up out ant。
48个国际音标表通用版(含发音规则和单词句子练习))
国际音标学习看音标+找规律+记单词（含1000个最常用的英语单词及200个高频口语句子）48个国际音标表一. 长元音[i:]1、发音技巧：关键是发音时尽量拉长，把音发足，发饱满。
舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高，口形扁平。
e：Chinese 中国人ee：feeling 感情ei：receive 接到ea：please 请ie：believe 相信eo : people 人民2、词汇拓展：deal交易see看见beat击打asleep睡着的compete 竞争3、口语操练：1）Chinese people are hard-working and brave.中国人民勤劳勇敢。
2）Believe in yourself. 要相信自己。
3）It is a big deal! 这是件大事！二. 短元音[i]1、发音技巧：经典收小腹减肥短衣音，简称“短衣音”。
发音短促，干脆。
舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高，口形扁平。
i : visit 参观 e : English英语u : busy忙ee : been曾经是y : pretty漂亮的ui : build建造2、词汇拓展：six 六eleven 十一trip 旅行list 表格movie 电影3、口语操练：1）Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
2）I'm pretty busy.我很忙。
3）Have a nice trip!祝旅途愉快！三.元音[e]1、发音技巧：“小开口45度”音，简称为“45度”音。
发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比[i:]低；唇形中常，开口度比[i:]大。
e：remember记得question 问题ea：weather天气pleasant 令人愉快的2、词汇拓展：pen 钢笔bed 床several 几个every 每个egg 卵3、口语操练：1）Better late than never. 迟到总比不到好。
48个国际音标发音规则及单词最新完整版
48个国际音标发音规则及单词最新完整版以下是48个国际音标发音规则及一些常用单词示例：1. ae: [eɪ] 例词：face (脸)2. ai: [aɪ] 例词：sky (天空)3. au: [ɔː] 例词：caught (捕捉)4. aw: [ɔː] 例词：saw (锯)5. a: [æ] 例词：cat (猫)6. eau: [əʊ] 例词：beau (情郎)7. ee: [iː] 例词：see (看见)8. ei: [eɪ] 例词：vein (静脉)9. ew: [juː] 例词：few (几个)10. e: [ɛ] 例词：bed (床)11. ieu: [juː] 例词：lieu (事物)12. ie: [aɪ] 例词：tie (领带)13. ir: [ɜː(r)] 例词：bird (鸟)14. i: [ɪ] 例词：sit (坐)15. oa: [əʊ] 例词：coal (煤)16. oe: [iː] 例词：toe (脚趾)17. oi: [ɔɪ] 例词：coin (硬币)18. oo: [ʊ] 例词：book (书)19. ou: [aʊ] 例词：house (房子)20. ow: [aʊ] 例词：now (现在)21. o: [ɒ] 例词：hot (热)22. ue: [juː] 例词：hue (色调)23. ui: [juː] 例词：fruit (水果)24. u: [ʌ] 例词：but (但是)26. ər: [ə(r)] 例词：letter (信)27. əʊ: [əʊ] 例词：boat (船)28. əʊr: [ɔː(r)] 例词：bore (无聊)29. ɪər: [ɪə(r)] 例词：fear (恐惧)30. ɪə: [ɪə(r)] 例词：beer (啤酒)31. ɪ: [i] 例词：bit (一点)32. ɒ: [ɑː] 例词：hot (热)33. ɔ: [ɔː] 例词：dog (狗)34. ʊər: [ʊə(r)] 例词：cure (治愈)35. ʊə: [ʊə(r)] 例词：tour (旅行)36. ʊ: [u] 例词：book (书)37. aɪə: [aɪə(r)] 例词：fire (火)38. aʊə: [aʊə(r)] 例词：flower (花)39. aʊ: [aʊ] 例词：cow (牛)40. eər: [ɛə(r)] 例词：air (空气)41. eə: [ɛə(r)] 例词：hair (头发)42. ɪə: [ɪə(r)] 例词：near (附近)43. ɪə: [iː] 例词：here (这里)44. oɪə: [ɔɪə(r)] 例词：employer (雇主)45. ɔɪ: [ɔɪ] 例词：boy (男孩)46. ʊər: [ʊə(r)] 例词：moor (荒野)47. ʊə: [ʊə(r)] 例词：tour (旅行)。
英语国际音标及发音规则
[d]:d:deskdoordaydog
发音规则：[k]:⑴c:catcomecutclockcry picture
⑵ch:schoolChristmas stomach
⑶k:bookbike cakekiteKate look
⑷ck:blackduckclockjacket cock
（4）摩擦辅音：[f] [v] [s] [z][ʃ][Ʒ] [Ɵ][ð]摩擦音来自音要领：[f] [v]
发音规则：[f]:⑴f:fivefishfinefamilyfifteen
⑵ph:photophone elephantphotograph
⑶gh:laughenough
[v]:⑴v:very five have
⑹yr:myrtle
⑺our:journalist journal
[ə]
发音规则：⑴a:alongabout bananaCanadaChina
⑵e:studentopen children different
⑶i:holiday April
⑷o:today welcome police
⑸u:minus autumn
发音规则：[ʃ]:⑴sh:sheshoeshortshop wash
⑵s:sure Asia
⑶t:station national patient
⑷ss:Russiaprofession
⑸ch:machine
[ʒ]:s:usually television pleasure
[Ɵ][ð]
发音规则：[θ]:th:threethank monththin
⑹er:fathermotherbrothersister
个国际音标表及发音规则
48个国际音标表及发音规则48个国际音标表/i/--发音要领的是：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，口形偏平。
/i:/--发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/：口形扁平。
/e/--发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，开口度比/i:/大。
[E]turday五,-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词are[a:E]caredarehareere[iE]heremereire[aiE]firehirewireore[C:]morescorebeforeure[ju:E]purecureareereireore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[E]音,例如:picturepleasure重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.例如:parentzerostoryduringinspir ing某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.例如:orangeveryAmericanparagraph 六,元音字组在重读音节中的读音元音字组读音例词ai/ay[ei] afraidrainwaitdayplayair[aiE] airhairchairpairrepair al在fm前[C]smallballtalkwallall [C:l] alwaysalsosaltalmostbald [a:]halfcalmau/aw[C:] autumndaughterdrawea[i:] teacheasycheapplease [e]heavybreadsweaterweather [ei]breakgreatear[iE] heardearnearclearyear [εE]bearpearwear[E:]earthlearnearlyee[i:] jeepweekgreenthree [iE]pioneerdeerbeerei/ey[ei]eightneighbourthey [i:]eitherkeyeu/ew在jlrs后[ju:]newfewnewspaper [u:]flewbrewie/ei[s]音之后[i:] piecefieldreceiveoa[Eu] coatJoanboatgoaloar/oor[C:] roarboarddoorfloor oi/oy[Ci] noisepointboytoilet oo[u:] broomfoodtoothschool [u] booklookcookfootgood ou/ow[au] flowerhousecountdown[Eu]knowrowthrowthough[Q]youngcountryenough[u:]groupyousoupour[C:]courseyourfour[auE]ourhourours[C:]journeyui在jlrs后[ju:i]fluidsuicidetuition[u:]juicefruitsuit七,非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音元音字组或字群读音例词ai/ayei/ey[i]Sundayforeignmonkeyow[Eu]yellowsparrowtomorrow元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].例如:neighbourseriousfamousbiscu itcoffee-sion-tion[Fn]impressionnation-sion在元音字母后[Vn]visiondecisionoccasion-tion在s后[tFEn]questionsuggestion-sten[sn]listen-stle[sl]whistle-sure[VE]pleasuremeasure-ture[tFE]pictureculture八,元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.例如:everyday[ei]handbag[]blackboard[C:]有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.例如:sun太阳+day[ei]日子>Sunday[i]星期天holy神圣+day[ei]日子>holiday[i]假日break中断+fast[a:]斋戒>breakfast[E]早餐cup茶杯+board木板[C:]>cupboard[E]碗柜九,辅字组的读音辅字组读音例词b[b]bikebusbag[/]bombtombcc在e前或在i/y前[k]cakepicturecoatmusic[s]facedecidecinemach[tF] muchchickrichteacher [k] schoolheadachechemistry [F]machine-ck[k] cockpocketblackknockd[d] doctorbreadhandday-dge[dV]bridgefridgedr-[dr]childrendriverdrinkf[f]fivefourbreakfast gg在ei/y前[^]baggardongo[dV] orangelargeGerman gh[f]coughenough[/] lightdaughterhigh gu--guegu在非重读音节中[^] guessleaguedialogue [^w] languageanguishh[h] hotheadhousehand [/]hourhonestj[dV] jeepjarjokejoinJuly k[k] kindbikeskatemakeweek kn-[n]knifeknowknockl[l]lifemilkschooltallm[m] monkeycomeautumn-mn[m]autumncolumnnn在[k][g]音前[n]notshinetennote[N]unclethankhungry -ng[N] morningyoungwrongp[p] paperplanepigshippen ph[f] elephantphototelephone q[k]Iraqqu-[kw]qualityquiter[r]redrubberrulers在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前[s]sitsleepdesk[z]musichusbandsc-[sk]scarlet[s]musclesciencesh[F]shefishshirtwasht在通常情况下在弱读字母iaieio前[t]tenlettermeet[F]patientnationtch[tF]watchth在通常情况下在冠词代词介词连词中在词尾-the-ther中[θ]thinthirtymethod [T]thethesewiththan [T] clothefatherweather tr-[tr] treetraincountrytruck v[v] veryvoiceloveleavew[w] weekwinwakesweetwait [/]answertwowh-wh-在字母o前[w] whatwhenwhitewhy [h]whowhosewholex在重读元音前[ks]boxtextexercise[gz]examleexistexactwr-[r]writey-[j]yesyardyellowyoungz[z]puzzlezerozoo重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标记双音节,多音节词的读音时,应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节,标记读音时不需要使用重读符号.开音节①绝对开音节:单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如:noblueba-bystu-dentse-cret.②相对开音节:单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母,再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节.例如:namethesebikehomeex-cuse.闭音节单个元音字母后面有辅字组(rwy除外)且以辅字组结尾的重读音节.例如:bageggfishnotcup多音节词重读规则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.例如:el-e-phantcon-grat-u-la-tio n词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词,在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.例如:scientificimpressionnation。
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国际音标发音规则
国际音标是一种用来表示语音音素的标记系统，它的目的是准确地记录和传递语音的发音。
国际音标使用拉丁字母和各种附加符号来表示不同的语音音素。
下面将介绍国际音标的一些发音规则。
1.国际音标中的拉丁字母和附加符号
国际音标使用拉丁字母来表示一般的发音，但是也有一些特殊的附加符号来表示不同的语音特点。
例如，方括号[ ]表示音素的发音，斜杠/ /表示音素的音值。
下面是一些常见的附加符号及其含义：-竖线| ：表示音节的边界。
-点. ：用于表示声音的清晰度或浊度。
-上标ˈ：表示重音。
-冒号: ：用于表示长音。
-下标ˌ：表示次重音。
2.元音的国际音标发音规则
在国际音标中，元音音标按照舌位、开合度和舌位高度来划分。
元音的发音规则如下：
-前元音：例如/i/，/e/，/æ/。
-中元音：例如/ə/，/ʌ/，/ɜ/。
-后元音：例如/u/，/o/，/ɑ/。
3.辅音的国际音标发音规则
在国际音标中，辅音音标按照音素的发音部位和发音方法来划分。
辅音的发音规则如下：
-送气音（带声门的辅音）：例如/p/，/t/，/k/。
-清浊对立辅音：例如/b/和/p/，/d/和/t/，/g/和/k/。
-摩擦音：例如/f/，/s/，/ʃ/。
-塞擦音：例如/ʧ/，/ʤ/。
-鼻音：例如/m/，/n/，/ŋ/。
-流音：例如/l/，/r/。
4.其他国际音标发音规则
除了元音和辅音，国际音标还包括其他一些特殊的音标。
一些特殊的发音规则如下：
-重音：在单词中的某个音节上加重音。
-连读：相邻的音节在发音上发生变化。
-音调：表示语气或语调的变化。
5.注意事项
在学习和使用国际音标的过程中，需要注意以下几点：
-国际音标是一种标记系统，所以需要熟悉并记忆不同符号的含义和用法。
-不同语言的发音规则和语音特点可能与国际音标有所差异，所以需要结合具体语言进行学习和应用。
-学习国际音标需要通过实践和训练来提高发音准确性。
总结：
国际音标发音规则是一种简便且准确的音标系统，用于表示各种语音音素。
国际音标根据音素的发音特点划分为元音和辅音，并通过
拉丁字母和附加符号来表示不同的发音特征。
学习和掌握国际音标需要熟悉不同的符号和规则，并结合具体语言进行学习和实践。
在学习过程中应注意不同语言的发音差异，并通过实践和训练来提高发音准确性。