初中英语现在完成时
初中英语现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习
【初中英语】现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习现在完成时语法归纳总结及练习（含答案）现在完成时表示发生在过去持续到现在完成或未完成的事情，对现在造成了某种影响或产生了某种结果。
也表示到现在为止从未做过的事情。
现在完成时的谓语动词构成是：have/has+动词的过去分词（过去分词用P.P.表示），have/has叫助动词，变成否定形式是：haven’t /hasn’t +过去分词，变一般疑问句就是把have、has 提到主语前面，标点用问号, 用yes、no回答。
例如：I have ever seenthe film before. I haven't seen the film. Have you seen the film before？Yes，I have. No, Ihaven't.动词的过去分词的变化规则和过去式的规则是一样的。
分为规则变化和不规则变化。
规则变化和动词变过去式的方法一样。
不规则变化没有一定的规律性，得需要背诵。
一：把下列动词变成过去分词：1.enter _____2. afford _______3. invite______4. try ______5. stop______6. smell _______7. send _____8. dream _____9. do______ 10. get ______ 11.feel ______ 12. make _____在学习现在完成时态时，我们有时用一些词加以强调或说明。
如：just(刚刚，刚才)，already(已经), ever(曾经), never(从不), yet(还未). just一般用在肯定句中，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；already 用于肯定句，放在have/has 和过去分词之间或句尾。
ever一般没有句式限制，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；never表示否定意义，放在have/has 和过去分词之间；yet用于否定句或疑问句句尾，在否定句中一般翻译为：“已经”，在疑问句中一般翻译为：“尚，还未”。
初中英语现在完成时的知识点归纳
初中英语现在完成时的知识点归纳知识点1：现在完成时的构成现在完成时由助动词have/has加上过去分词构成。
当主语是第三人称单数时，要使用has；其他情况下使用have。
例如：I have finished my homework.（我已经完成了作业）She has eaten breakfast.（她已经吃完早饭）知识点2：现在完成时的用法（1）表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调完成的结果。
例如：I have read that book.（我读过那本书）（强调现在了解并记住这本书的内容）（2）表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在。
例如：She has lived in London for five years.（她在伦敦住了五年了）（强调过去到现在一直在伦敦住）（3）表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在，可能还会继续下去。
例如：They have been friends since they were kids.（他们从小就是朋友）（强调过去到现在一直是朋友，可能还会继续保持朋友关系）知识点3：现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时常与以下时间状语连用：just（刚刚）、already（已经）、never（从来没有）、ever（曾经）、yet（还、仍然）、recently （最近）、since（自从）、for（持续了多久）等。
例如：I have just finished my homework.（我刚刚完成了作业）Have you ever been to America?（你去过美国吗？）They haven't seen each other since last year.（他们自从去年就没有见过面了）知识点4：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，而一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态。
例如：He has lost his key.（他丢了钥匙，结果是他现在找不到）He lost his key.（他丢了钥匙）知识点5：现在完成时否定句和疑问句的构成现在完成时的否定句和疑问句构成是在助动词have/has之后加not 或否定词，疑问句将助动词have/has提到句首。
中考初中英语现在完成时题40题(带答案)及答案
中考初中英语现在完成时题40题(带答案)及答案一、选择题1．— Mum, where's my packed lunch? —In the kitchen. I ________ you two sandwiches. A．make B．am making C．have made D．will make2．With the wide use of e-business, the way of shopping we were used to a lot. A．change B．changing C．changed D．has changed 3．—Is that man George?—It can’t be him. After all he ________ this place for years!A．has left B．has been away from C．was away from D．left4．You are too late. The film for half an hour.A．ends B．ended C．has ended D．has been over 5．Lisa ________ her homework yet. I am afraid she can't go to the park with you. A．didn't finish B．hasn't finished C．wasn't finishing D．won't finish 6．— When will your sister go to England?— She _________ London since four months ago.A．went to B．has gone to C．has been to D．has been in 7．—Where is your uncle? I haven't seen him for a long time.—He Shanghai for about half a year. He moved there last October.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has arrived in D．has been in 8．Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _________ what's happened to him.A．will know B．know C．have known D．are knowing 9．— I think the man over there must be Douglas.— It ________ be him. He has ________ to Australia.A．can’t, gone B．can’t, been C．may not, been D．mustn’t, gone 10．—What changes________in your lives?—Our lives have changed a lot, like...A．have there had B．has there been C．have there been D．has there had 11．—The fashion show will begin in half an hour, but Sandy hasn't turned up yet.—Don't worry. I________ her and she's sure to be here soon.A．will call B．have called C．am calling D．call 12．Sarah is only 15 years old, but she ________ the Tennis Club for three years. A．joined B．has joined C．has been in D．was 13．— Where is your son Jimmy living now?— He________the city of Yangzhou, China for two years.A．has come to B．has been to C．has gone to D．has been in 14．It is 4:30p. m. Ben and Leon _______their work, so they are playing chess now. A．finish B．were finishing C．have finished D．will finish 15．I think my father knows everything. He is my hero, he________ over 2500 books. A．reads B．read C．is reading D．has read16．—Why don’t you go to bed, Jimmy?— Mum promised to tell me a bedtime story, but she ______ her work.A．doesn’t finish B．didn’t finish C．hasn’t finished D．won’t finish 17．The number of city parks in Lishui ______ a lot since it became a district of Nanjing. A．increase B．will increase C．increased D．has increased 18．—Oh, your spoken English is very good, Linda.—Thank you. I _____________in England for three years.A．have studied B．studied C．was studying D．study19．My deskmate was once a top student but she behind since she began to play online games. A．has fallen B．fell C．has felt D．has been20．一How can you start playing games so soon, Tom?一 I ______ my homework, Mom.A．finished B．have finished C．will finish D．finish21．The life we were used to_________ greatly since the computer was invented.A．has changed B．changed C．changing D．change 22．—Have you been to the Robot Restaurant in our city?—No. Althoug h it _________ for more than a year, I’m far too busy to go there.A．has started B．has been on C．has been open D．has opened 23．Hurry up! The concert ______ for ten minutes.A．has begun B．has been on C．has gone D．has finished 24．Since Tencent released Wechat, it ________ one of the most popular apps in the world. A．became B．has become C．has been D．was25．―Olivia, are you sure your aunt ________back from America?―Yes. My mom told me. I'm going to see her now.A．had come B．came C．is coming D．has come 26．—Could you ________ me this book please, Daniel?—Sorry, but I ________ it for only half an hour. I haven't finished it.A．lend; have had B．borrow; have bought C．borrow; have hadD．lend; bought27．—Where are the doctors now?—In the meeting room. They ________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A．have begun B．have been on C．have had D．have been held 28．—How long ________ you ________ chemistry so far?—For almost one year.A．are; studying B．do; study C．have; studied D．will; study 29．—Hurry up. I can’t wait to see the m ovie. My Sister!—Oh dear! It ________ for five minutes. Come on!A．has begun B．has been on C．will begin D．will be on 30．—Bill Gates and Melinda Gates, two of the world’s richest people, said “we no longer believe we can grow together as a couple”.—I am so sorry to hear that because they ________ for nearly 30 years.A．have been married B．have got married C．have got married to D．have been married with31．—When will the live women’s football match between China and South Korea begin on TV?—Oh, it ________ for ten minutes, ending in 4:3. China won the game.A．has finished B．has been on C．has been over D．has begun 32．The film Hi, Mom, ________ for two months. You will have another two months to enjoy it in the cinema.A．lasted B．was lasting C．will last D．has lasted 33．—John, you ________ the Slender West Lake before, right?—Sure, lot of times. Are you thinking of taking a trip there?A．have gone to B．have come to C．have been to D．have been in 34．My pet, little Puppy, has ________ for a week. I miss it very much.A．gone missing B．got lost C．been missing D．lost35．The schoolboy is so shy that he doesn’t like to be asked ________.A．whether he could enter his ideal school in the futureB．how long he has joined the navyC．how many languages he can communicate with othersD．about winning the national English competition36．So far, 5G technology, which is developed by Huawei, _______ a lot. Soon it’ll be widely used in China.A．is improving B．are improved C．has improved D．improved 37．—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?—The Fate of the Furious. We ________ here for more than two hours.A．waited B．wait C．were waiting D．have waited 38．—Why are you in a hurry?—I am late. Can you tell me how long _______?A．has the film been on B．the film has started C．the film has lasted D．has the film ended 39．—Sorry, I’m late. Has the meeting begun?—It doesn’t matter. The meeting ________ for several minutes.A．has just begun B．has just been overC．has just been on D．has just ended40．—Do you know Sunshine Town very well， Mr Chen？—Sure． I____here since I was born.A．has lived B．lived C．have lived D．lives41．My dog _______ for three days and I’m now very worried now and I want to find it as soon as possible.A．has been gone B．has gone C．is gone D．was gone 42．—Sorry, I’m late. There’s too much traffic on the road.—It doesn’t matter. The film has just_______for five minutes.A．begun B．finished C．been on D．been over 43．—Jim, turn down the music. Our baby is sleeping.—Don’t worry. He__________ for half an hour.A．woke up B．has woken up C．was awake D．has been awake 44．—Where is Simon? We can’t find him at the party.—Perhaps he ________ home.A．has gone B．is going C．went D．was going 45．—Have you ever worked on this farm?—Yes. I _________ cows as a farmer there for two years.A．raised B．was raising C．have raised D．will raise 46．The manager reached Nanjing last Wednesday. He________there for 10 days.A．has been B．has got C．has reached D．has arrived 47．—What do you think of the latest 5G smart phone?— It's amazing. It is the most wonderful phone I ________.A．used B．will use C．was using D．have used 48．—May I borrow your new-bought book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer now?—I'm afraid not. I ________ only half of it, and I'll try to finish it this weekend.A．read B．am reading C．have read D．will read 49．Though Tom _______ America for over two years, he misses his friends and relatives from time to time.A．was away from B．left C．has been away from D．has left 50．—Where’s your mum, Lucy?—She together with her sisters ________ the supermarket since two hours ago.A．has gone to B．has been to C．has been in D．have gone to【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除一、选择题1．C【详解】句意：——妈妈，我打包的午餐在哪？——在厨房里，我已经给你做了两个三明治。
初中英语语法现在完成时练习题及答案
一、时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。
第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以（2）用法：1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。
My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。
I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。
She has arrived. 她到了。
2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。
如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。
We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。
They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。
She has been with us since Monday.★注意：a)since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。
Exercise: 用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。
人教新目标初中英语语法-现在完成时讲解以及练习题(含答案)
现在完成时1.构成现在完成时是由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。
助动词have(has)表明事情发生于现在。
它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。
过去分词在句子中做谓语，说明句子的含义。
2.用法（1）动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在有某种影响和结果。
常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。
如：-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？我刚刚吃过。
（现在我不饿了）（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。
常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。
如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。
（可能还要继续教）I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。
如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。
但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a. 用副词already和yet。
already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。
初中英语知识点归纳现在完成时的构成与用法
初中英语知识点归纳现在完成时的构成与用法现在完成时是英语中的一个重要时态，表示动作或状态从过去某个时间点开始一直延续到现在或具有与现在相关的结果。
下面是现在完成时的构成与用法的归纳：一、构成：现在完成时由助动词“have/has”和过去分词构成。
其中，have用于第一人称（I/we/you/they），has用于第三人称（he/she/it）。
二、用法：1. 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如：- I have lost my keys.（我把钥匙丢了，现在找不到了。
）- We have finished our homework.（我们已经完成了作业。
）2. 表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在。
例如：- She has lived here for 10 years.（她在这里住了十年了。
）- They have known each other since childhood.（他们从小就认识彼此。
）3. 表示过去发生的动作在过去的某个时间结束，但对现在仍然有影响。
例如：- He has studied English for three hours.（他学习英语已经三个小时了，仍在学习。
）- They have been friends since they met in high school.（自从高中认识以来，他们一直是朋友。
）4. 表示过去发生的动作在过去的某个时间结束，且不再持续到现在。
例如：- I have seen that movie before.（我以前看过那部电影。
）- She has already eaten lunch.（她已经吃过午饭了。
）5. 现在完成时经常与表示时间的状语连用，如already（已经）、just（刚刚）、never（从未）、ever（曾经）、yet（还）等。
例如：- Have you ever been to Beijing?（你曾经去过北京吗？）- They have just arrived.（他们刚刚到达。
初中英语现在完成时详解
初中英语现在完成时详解现在完成时是由助动词have加上过去分词构成的，而助动词have有人称和数的变化，第三人称单数用has，其余用have。
现在完成时的否定式是在助动词后面加上not，疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。
以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式：I have not (haven’t) studied….疑问式：Have I studied…。
You have not (haven’t) studied… Have you studied…。
He has not (hasn’t) studied….否定疑问式：XXX…?简单回答（肯定/否定）：Have I not (Haven’t I) studied…。
Yes。
you have。
No。
you haven’t。
Have you not (Haven’t you) studied…。
Yes。
I have。
No。
I haven’t。
Has he not (Hasn’t he) studied…。
Yes。
he has。
No。
he hasn’t.现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。
说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响，如“My daughter has just gone out”（我女儿刚出去）、“I’m surewe’ve met before”（我肯定我们以前见过面）和“She has arrived”（她到了）等。
此外，现在完成时还可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently、already、just、lately、for…、since…、yet等。
例如，“I haven’t heard from her these days”（这些日子我没有收到她的信）和“XXX”（最近我们没有见到你）等。
还有一些表示时间的短语也可以和现在完成时连用，如：①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）Mary has been ill for three days。
初中英语语法 现在完成时
初中英语语法现在完成时现在完成时的构成：助动词have（has）+ 过去分词表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。
（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）现在完成时常用的时间状语有：already （”已经”用于肯定句的中间和末尾处）never (“从不”用于中间处)ever （”曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处）just (“刚刚”用于中间处)yet (“已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/ “还”用于否定句的末尾处)或不加任何的时间状语，但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用.现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较：现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。
试比较：The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。
（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ago. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。
（强调动作发生的时间在过去）I have taught here for fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。
（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。
）I taught here for a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。
（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）用法：表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。
（动词多为延续性动词）Write the questions:1_______________________________?He has been standing there for four hours.2___________________________?I have been riding a bike since I was ten years old.3___________________________________?She has been walking for five hours.4._____________________________?I’ve been watching TV since 7:005._____________________________?He’s been waiting for the train for an hour.时间状语：表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语, 常由for/since 引导（for+时间段，since+时间点）。
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初中英语现在完成时 （一）现在完成时态 1、现在完成时的定义：现在完成时是表示在过去发生但与现在情况有联系的动作或状态的时态。 2、现在完成时的构成：现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。 ①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为’ve/’s。 e.g. I have → I’ve We have → We’ve He has → He’s It has → It’s ②规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式一样。 ③不规则变化的动词过去分词见表。 3、现在完成时的基本句型。 ①陈述句肯定形式。 e.g. I have had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。 He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。 ②陈述句否定形式。（在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t） e.g. I haven’t had lunch. 我还未吃午饭。 He hasn’t gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。 ③一般疑问句形式及其答语。（将助动词have/has提前，答语一般用have, has回答） e.g. Have you had lunch? 你吃过午饭了没？ Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了没有？ Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. 否定回答还可以用：No, not yet. / No, never. / No, not even once等。 ④特殊疑问句形式。（疑问词+一般疑问句） e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里？ 4、现在完成时的三个基本用法。 (1) 现在完成时的第一个基本用法表示过去发生或已完成的某一个动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 e.g. Have you had lunch? Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 你吃过午饭没？有，吃过了，我刚刚吃的。（影响及结果：我现在饱了，不需要了） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。（影响及结果：他人现在不在这里了） 该用法常already(已经), never(从不), ever(曾经), yet(仍然), just(刚刚), before(以前)等副词(作状语)连用。 ① already, just, ever, never常用于助动词之后，实义动词之前。 already, just多用于肯定陈述句。 e.g. She has already finished her work. 她早已干完了活。 Would you like to go to see the film? No, I’ve seen it already.不，我已经看过了。(already偶尔会出现于句末) They have just won a game. 他们刚刚赢了一场比赛。 有时already可以用于疑问句，表示期待肯定回答，或表示惊讶、意外。\ e.g. Have you finished reading the book already? 你真的已经读完这本书了？(表示惊讶) ever多用于疑问句，问初次经历。 e.g. Have you ever spoken to a foreigner? 你跟外国人讲过话吗？（问初次经历）
初中英语语法 现在完成时练习题 2
一、单项选择 1、Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _________what's happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still 3、Have you met Mr Li ______？ Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago 4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written 5、-Our country ______ a lot so far . -Yes . I hope it will be even ______ . Ａ. has changed ; well Ｂ. changed ; good Ｃ. has changed ; better Ｄ. changed ; better 6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years . Ａ. was ; studying Ｂ. will ; study Ｃ. has ; studied Ｄ. are ; studying 7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. Knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_______ it twice . Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see 9、-These farmers have been to the United States . -Really ? When _____ there ? Ａ. will they go Ｂ. did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone 10、-______ you ___ your homework yet ? -Yes . I _____ it a moment ago . Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish 11、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 . Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in 12、-Do you know him well ? - Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago . Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made 13、-How long have you ____ here ? -About two months . Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived 14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes . Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been onＤ. began 15、 It _____ ten years since he left the army . Ａ. is Ｂ. has Ｃ. will Ｄ. was 16、 Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library . Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been 17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years . Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to 3
Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been 18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A. so they B. don't they C. have they D. haven't they 19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he_______ to China? A. How soon, comes B. How often, got C. How long, came D. How far, arrived 20、 His uncle for more than 9 years. A. has come here B. has started to work C. has lived there D. has left the university 二、句型转换 3、The old man _________ last year. He for a year. (die) （动词填空） 4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory ________ for twenty years. 5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换) Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _______ the Party three years ________ . 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同义句转换) _______ two years ________ the Green family moved to Fra nce. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子) ___________________________________________ 三、汉译英 4、 她还没有看过那部新电影。 5、 她去过上海。 6、 他这些天上哪儿去了？ 参考答案： 一、单项选择。 1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是Ｂ。 2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B。 3、C