上海市徐汇区2017届高三4月模拟(二模)语文试卷
2016学年第二学期徐汇区高三模拟考语文试卷2017.4考生注意：1.本场考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题卷两部分。
试卷共7页，答题纸正反面。
3. 所有作答务必填涂或书写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的区域，不得错位。
在试卷上作答一律不得分。
一积累应用10分1.填空题。
（5分）（1）《兰亭集序》中“快然自足，曾不知老之将至”语句化用了《_________·述而》篇中的“乐以忘忧，__________”。
（2）白居易描写“卖炭翁”外貌的句子是“__________，两鬓苍苍十指黑”，他在《琵琶行》中以比喻手法描摹粗弦、细弦弹奏效果的句子是“________，________”。
2.选择题。
（5分）（1）假如你参观了“抗日战争纪念馆”后留言，下列诗句不适合的一项是（）（1分）A.遗民泪尽胡尘里，南望王师又一年。
B.轻生本为国，重气不关私。
C.三十功名尘与土，八千里路云和月。
D.捐躯赴国难，视死忽如归。
（2）填入下面文字空缺处的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是（）（2分）在阿Q的记忆上，这大约要算是生平第一件的屈辱，__________，向来只被他奚落，从没有奚落他，更不必说动手了。
A.王胡即使以络腮胡子的缺点B.因为王胡以络腮胡子的缺点C.王胡何况以络腮胡子的缺点D.而且王胡以络腮胡子的缺点（3）假如你父亲因故无法参加家长会，他发给你班主任潘老师短信，表达最得体的一项是（）（2分）A.潘老师，今天我工作繁忙，无法拨冗参加家长会，敬请谅解。
B.潘老师，因我晚上加班，不能光临今天的家长会，非常抱歉。
C.潘老师，因贵体小恙，不能来参加今晚的家长会，谨此奉告。
D.潘老师，我出差在外地，无法参加今晚的家长会，深表歉意。
二阅读 70分（一）阅读下文，完成第3-8题。
（16分）媒介革命视野下的网络文学邵燕君○1尽管网络文学已经发展了十几年，但什么是网络文学仍没有一个统一的定义。
不过，如果从媒介革命的视野出发，在不久的将来应该不再存在网络文学的概念，相反会出现“纸质文学”的概念。
除了作为“博物馆艺术”传承的纸质文学外，网络将成为一切主流、非主流文学艺术的平台。
○2目前的网络文学以类型小说为主，但也不是铁板一块。
随着2012年互联网进入移动时代，针对移动受众阅读时间碎片化的特点，一些主打“小而美”注的APP终端应运而生，如韩寒主编的《ONE·一个》，中文在线推出的“汤圆创作”，专门发表短篇小说的“果仁小说”等。
此外微博、微信公共账号也是相当活跃的个人作品发表平台。
与此同时，传统文学期刊也开始进行“网络移民．．．．”，如由《人民文学》杂志推出的手机阅读平台“醒客”于2014年7月上线。
不过，传统文学要成功地实现“网络移民”不可能是原封不动的“穿越”，而是要经过脱胎换骨的“重生”。
“内容一经媒介必然发生变化”，这是麦克卢汉那句“媒介即信息”断言的重要含义。
所以，与其我们现在努力参照纸质文学的概念定义网络文学，不如直接去研究“网络类型小说”“直播贴”“微小说”这些自然生长起来的网络文学形态，在此基础上进行总结。
○3媒介革命已经不以人的意志为转移地发生了，网络时代主流文学的建构必然是以网络为平台的。
在这个汇集各种年龄、各种文化结构和文学趣味的“全平台”上，占据主流的应该还是类型小说，这是大众阅读需要决定的，也是文化工业的性质决定的。
在理想的状态下，类型小说应该是分层的。
其实现在网文作者就有“小白”和“文青”之分，“小白文”追求“爽”，“文青文”在追求“爽”的同时，还强调文笔和情怀。
“文青”的粉丝团在人数上通常比不上“小白”，但文化层次和忠诚度都更高。
某种意义上说，有些“另类”的“文青”代表着类型文中的精英倾向——这里不是光有几个“大神”，还有他们大量的铁杆粉丝。
由于网络文学即时互动的特点，每一部小说都凝聚了无数“集体的智慧”，作者更像是“总执笔人”。
如果没有相当数量的“铁粉”出钱出力、鼎力支持，在“小白当道”的总体阅读环境下，“文青大神”是活不下来的。
从这个意义上说，几流读者才有几流作者。
○4在大众的类型小说之外，还应该有各种小众的圈子，如“耽美圈”“同人圈”，以及上面提到的各种“小而美”等文学形态。
这些“非主流”的小众圈子，或有亚文化色彩，或有纯文学趋向，在文化观念或文学观念上进行探索，它们探索的成果可以推动更大众、更主流的文学的不断发展。
对小众成果的吸收主要是由大众文学中的精英圈完成的，他们不但要吸收各种小众的文学成果，还要与思想界和文化界保持连通，对各种社会思潮极其敏感。
大师级的大众文学作品不是只满足受众的阅读欲望，还要缓解他们的焦虑，安抚他们的灵魂，网络文学这样的“集体创作”更是如此。
如果这些作品能够与主流价值观对接，甚或参与主流价值观的建构，就自然是实至名归的主流文学。
○5在主流文学建构的过程中，精英批评的力量是十分重要的。
现在这部分工作主要是由“精英粉丝”自发完成的。
学院派研究者如果要有效介入，必须重新调整定位。
这不仅意味着研究方法的全面更新，同时也意味着研究态度发生根本性的变化——不能再以中立的、客观的、专业的超然态度自居，而是要以“学者粉丝”的身份进行“介入式研究”。
研究成果发表的空间也不应只局限于学术期刊，而是应该进入网络生产场域。
比如，对于现在网络文学的研究，如果学院派网络文学批评能够对具有精英倾向的作品进行深入解读，在点击率、月票和网站排行榜之外，再造一个真正有影响力的精英榜，影响粉丝们的“辨别力”与“区隔”，那么就能真正“介入性”地影响网络文学的发展，并参与主流文学的打造了。
【注】小而美：在一个大工业生产均质化的时代，提倡“选取一个点，做到极致”的理念。
3. 第○2段加点词语“‘网络移民’”在文中是指_________。
（2分）4. 对支撑度○3段画线句这一结论的理由，推断正确的一项是（）。
（2分）A. 因为网络方便了作者和粉丝读者即时互动。
B. 因为网络作品是粉丝读者集体创作出来的。
C. 因为粉丝读者对所“粉”作品忠诚度极高。
D. 因为读者对所“粉”作品给予了财力支持。
5. 概括第○4段的行文思路。
（3分）6. 下列对“网路文学”相关的表述，不正确的一项是（）。
（2分）A. 网络文学包括类型小说与多种小众圈子等形态。
B. 大众类型小说代表网络文学的主流和发展方向。
C. 历经媒介革命的网络文学与纸质文学存在差异。
D. 网络文学须对接主流价值观才能称为主流文学。
7. 下列对第○5段的分析，正确的一项是（）。
（3分）A. 呼应开头，强调“精英粉丝”对网络文学发展的重要影响。
B. 承接上文，阐释“学者粉丝”研究网络文学时必经的路径。
C. 深入一层，阐释精英批评有效地介入主流文学建构的对策。
D. 总结全文，提倡主流文学的打造必须要进入网络生产场域。
8. 结合文意，对作者在第○1段画线句提出的观点进行探究，并提出你的看法。
（4分）（二）阅读下文，完成第9-12题。
（15分）穿过一条街陈启文○1一条腿蹲着，一条腿跪着，一个宽厚的被汗水浸湿了的背脊，连同一个身躯，深深地俯向大地，如同某种庄严的朝拜。
这是一个人的姿态，也是一条街的开端。
○2我说的是长青街，长安的长青街，像长青藤一样从二十多年的岁月里延伸过来。
第一次走到这条街上，我突然觉得脚底奇怪地发虚。
用两只脚使劲地踏踏地，还是发虚。
这并非幻觉，我听见了水声。
一条街的历史是一条河流，这不是比喻而是事实，就在我的脚底下，她正带着响声和气流哗哗流淌。
○3确切地说，踩在脚底下的是一条很大的一条水渠，灌溉着属于长安的四万多亩农田。
把一条繁华大街直接铺在了一条水渠的上面，设计者居然想出了这样一个绝妙的主意，让人觉得不可思议。
同样不可思议的是，不到三十年．．．．．，长安周边的田野里异常蓬勃地生长出一大片一大片与庄稼无关的事物，生长出工厂，楼宇，街道，公园……长安似乎一夜之间就从一个小镇长成了一个现代海滨城市。
○4穿过长青街，如果你愿意把头低下来一点，你会看见他。
没有人看清过他的脸。
我是说那个一条腿蹲着、一条腿跪着的汉子，他一天到晚就这样俯着身，低着头，以这样一种姿势在一条街上一寸一寸地挪动。
他不是乞丐，他的两只手从没有向任何人伸出过，而是一次又一次地抓住一样异常坚硬的东西，比划，放下去，又拿起来，反复比划，再放下去。
如果你愿意把头低下来一点，你会看见那双手。
那是一双沾满了水泥浆和沙石的手。
它曾握紧过犁耙，播下过种子，连根拔起过田野里的稗草。
现在他一手握着砌刀一手拿着方砖，神情专注。
从这条街上铺上第一块方砖开始，他就这样俯着身子，二十多年了．．．．．，时间在他这里几乎停滞了。
○5花岗岩的方砖，黑质而白章。
一条街因为有了这样的花岗岩而彻底变得像条街。
穿过这样一条街，似乎就像穿过伦敦的一条商业街，街道两旁布满了专卖店，咖啡馆，书店，戏院……那里也有铺街人，一条腿蹲着，一条腿跪着，一只手反复地比划着手里的铺地方砖，比划了一阵，觉得累了，便去咖啡店里喝咖啡，闲聊，神侃。
你不知道他们会在咖啡馆里呆多久才会出来。
然而，这里是中国，是中国的长青街，铺街人累了，就躺在街边的角落，躺在自己的脏衣服上，睡着了。
南方炽热的太阳在他们梦中照着，睡上一会，又在自己的脏衣服上异常清醒地醒来，继续拿起方砖握着砌刀。
○6这些看上去什么也不想的粗人，算账时脑子异常清醒。
当年他在这里铺一块方砖是一分钱，而现在是一毛钱。
二十年一代人，现在他有了一个帮手，在他背后，是他儿子。
他们在这里多铺一块方砖，就等于给家里的楼房添了一块砖，加了一片瓦。
○7听见儿子的尖叫，他知道儿子的尖叫声中会有伤口，会有血，但他很少回头去看。
花岗岩很坚硬，也很尖锐，一个人在刚刚干这活路时，受伤是不可避免的。
他不担心儿子的伤口，伤口很快就会痊愈，然后会结出一层一层的老茧。
用不了多久，儿子就会懂得的，肌肉没有办法承受苦和累，就会转到骨头上。
你在生活中是什么角色，就要承担这个角色给予的一切。
○8长安没有他们的家，但时间长了，一个铺街人也会有自己的熟人。
那个扫地的大嫂，每次扫到这父子俩的身边，就会停下来和他们唠唠家常。
过年，回家吗？回家，这是一个异常强烈的念头，但赚钱，是一个更强烈的念头，他只需要咬着牙坚持十天半月，就能挣到比平时多几倍的工钱。
当他把一叠崭新的钞票寄往家里时，觉得咬着牙坚持是值得的。
他原本是打算在过完年后就回家的，但年过完了，这个念头也奇迹般地消失了。
这里有太多的活路让他走不开。
这条街就从他们手上一直延伸到远方。
他，他们的路也在不断地往前延续。
○9在长安由一个小镇长成世界工厂的时代，我对长安的想象一度是噪音，泥浆，污染，诱惑，污秽。
今天穿过这条街，我想象中的许多东西，就被街上的另一些东西所置换。
花岗岩地面，休闲椅，花坛，还有那一条腿蹲着，一条腿跪着，宽厚的被汗水浸湿了的背脊……这副身姿俨然成了长安街上移动的雕塑。
2024年上海市徐汇区中考语文二模试卷
2024年上海市徐汇区中考语文二模试卷一、古诗文（35分）1．（13分）默写与运用。
（1）故天将降大任于是人也，，劳其筋骨……（孟子《生于忧患，死于安乐》）（2）水不在深，。
（刘禹锡《陋室铭》）（3），听取蛙声一片。
（辛弃疾《西江月•夜行黄沙道中》）（4）参观龙华烈士陵园时，同学们深深感动于革命烈士们“，”的献身精神。
（文天祥《过零丁洋》）2．（22分）阅读下面诗文，完成问题。
【甲】竹石郑燮咬定青山不放松，立根原在破岩中。
千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风。
【乙】爱莲说周敦颐水陆草木之花，可爱者甚蕃。
晋陶渊明独爱菊。
自李唐来，世人甚爱牡丹。
予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而．不妖，中通外直，不蔓不枝，香远益清，亭亭净植，可远观而不可亵玩焉。
予谓菊，花之隐逸者也；牡丹，花之富贵者也；莲，花之君子者也。
噫！菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻。
莲之爱，同予者何人？牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣。
【丙】龙赋王安石龙之为物，能合能散，能潜能见，能弱能强，能微．能章①。
惟不可见，所以莫知其乡；惟不可畜，所以异于牛羊。
变而不可测，动而不可驯。
则常出乎害人，而未始②出乎害人，夫此所以为仁。
为仁无止，则常至乎害己，而．未始至乎丧己，夫此所以为智。
止则身安，曰惟知几；动则物利，曰惟知时。
然则龙终不可见乎，曰：与为类者常见之。
【注】①章：同“彰”，彰显。
②始：曾经。
（1）【甲】诗作者是朝文学家。
（2）根据方法提示，解释加点字的意思。
方法提示解释迁移旧知与“濯清涟而．不妖”含义相同①而．未始乎丧己推敲结构与“章”相对②能强能弱，能微．能章（3）对【丙】文中划线句理解正确的一项是A.只有（龙）无法被看见，所以不知道它的居所。
B.只有（龙）无法被看见，所以没有人知道它的居所。
C.因为（龙）无法被看见，所以没有人知道它的居所。
D.因为（龙）无法被看见，所以不知道它的居所。
（4）根据【乙】【丙】两文内容填空。
①②③（5）三则诗文均通过写物来表现人的精神和特点。
2017届上海市徐汇区高三4月模拟(二模)历史试题Word版含答案
2016-2017学年第二学期徐汇区等级考模拟考历史试卷2017.4（考试时间60分钟，试卷总分100分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共40分，每题只有一个正确选项。
）1．公元前1792年，汉穆拉比统一两河流域，国力臻于极盛。
这一时间也可表述为（）A．公元前17世纪初 B．公元前17世纪末C．公元前18世纪初 D．公元前18世纪末2．郭沫若说：“一片甲骨惊天下”。
甲骨文是（）A．象形文字的起源 B．出现在龟甲背上的刻画符号C．字母文字的起源 D．目前发现的比较成熟的文字3．孔子是世界公认的文化名人，其思想主张对当今建设和谐社会仍具有积极意义的是（）A．君使臣以礼，臣事君以忠 B．己所不欲，勿施于人C．君子喻于义，小人喻于利 D．不愤不启，不悱不发4．如果想要了解唐太宗执政的功过是非，可以参阅以下哪一史著？（）A．《史记》 B．《史通》 C．《资治通鉴》 D．《文史通义》5．强制剥夺农民土地并迫使其成为雇佣劳动者的资本原始积累，这一过程典型地体现在（）A．西班牙 B．葡萄牙 C．英国 D．意大利6．有一部小说指出：“自从蒸汽机成为世界的王后以来，贵族头衔已成为无用之物。
”据此推断，当时取代贵族的是（）A．农民阶级 B．劳工阶级 C．教士阶级 D．资产阶级7．有人认为，理性是“人类认识真理的能力”、“人类的精神不靠信仰的光亮的帮助而能够自然达到一系列真理”。
这种观点出现在（）A．古代希腊罗马时期 B．文艺复兴时期C．欧洲宗教改革时期 D．启蒙运动时期8．第二次工业革命在西方资本主义国家中普遍开展，其中诞生和运用新的科学技术最明显的国家是（） A．英国和法国 B．德国和美国 C．俄国和日本 D．英国和德国9．王韬认为：‚当默深先生时，与洋人交际未深，未能洞见其肺腑，然‘师长’一说，实倡先声。
‛文中的‚默深先生‛应指（）A．林则徐 B．魏源 C．曾国藩 D．李鸿章10．1845年11月29日，清政府苏松太兵备道官慕久与巴富尔共同公布《上海土地章程》，据此设立了上海（）A．英租界 B．美租界 C．法租界 D．公共租界11．以“皇帝”名义推行《民法典》并誉之为“永垂不朽”的事情，发生在（）A．法国资产阶级革命时期 B．美国南北战争时期C．日本武装倒幕运动时期 D．普奥王朝战争时期12．梁启超在《新史学》中痛斥《二十四史》是“帝王将相家谱”。
上海市徐汇区2017届高三4月模拟(二模)英语试题(WORD版)
2016-2017学年第二学期徐汇区高三模拟考英语试卷2017.4I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. He knows who is knocking. B. He is eager to know who it is.C. He doesn’t want to open the door.D. He is ready to open the door.2. A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By taxi. D. By train.3. A. $100. B. $200. C. $300. D. $400.4. A. She went to cinema. B. She went to an exhibition.C. She stayed at home.D. She stayed with her classmates.5. A. In a doctor’s office. B. In a professor’s office.C. In an operating room.D. In an emergency ward.6. A. The man paid the tuition for learning physics. B. The man got a lot of money for his hard work.C. His hard work was not rewarding at all.D. His work before the test led to a good result.7. A. A furnished house. B. A recent book. C. A further study. D. A new record.8. A. They will go swimming. B. They will climb mountains.C. They will buy some clothes.D. They will forecast the weather conditions.9. A. He has another lecture to attend.B. He has no interest in the lecture.C. He’s attended the same lecture given by Professor Wilson before.D. He might miss the lecture, if the woman didn’t remind him.10.A. She fully agrees with the man. B. They are uncertain about the weather.C. She disagrees with the man.D. She thought the man was always late.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. People are encouraged to be a craftsman.B. Learning woodworking is not as hard as you think.C. Learning woodworking will help you know more people.D. Taking a class in woodworking will be very helpful.12. A. Because I am a talent in this art and want to share it with others.B. Because I am interested in it and want to show it to others.C. Because I wonder how to pick materials and how to do it well.D. Because it’s a good way to know more people interested in it.13. A. You can expect to do woodworking perfectly the very first time.B. Doing woodworking means being alone for long.C. You can also learn from other people interested in woodworking.D. Taking a class in woodworking costs a lot of money.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. To analyze causes and effects of using a credit card.B. To encourage people to borrow money from banks.C. To let people know the responsibility in using a credit card.D. To present the effect of computers in popularizing the use of credit cards.15. A. The development of computers.B. People’s greediness for more money.C. People’s needs for less paper money.D. People’s learning to be more responsible.16. A. To learn to be responsible by using credit cards.B. To stop using credit cards and borrow money from friends or relatives.C. To pay money back as fast as possible after using credit cards.D. To stop borrowing money and use your own funds for shopping.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A newspaper. B. An advertisement company.C. A cleanup company.D. A market.18. A. She wants to spare more room for something new.B. She wants to turn their old stuff into cash at a low cost.C. She knows that the sales consultant before the man does.D. She just wants to clean up their house.19. A. Rudy is likely to buy their stuff.B. Rudy will come and take their stuff away.C. Rudy plays guitar as well as the man.D. Rudy will help them with the ad and the sale.20. A. His old guitar. B. Their appliances, jewelry, furniture and exercise equipment.C. The spring cleanup sale.D. The low cost of ad and friendly service.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it (21) _____ it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is absolutely dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as tough a training to become a performer as a medical student needs (22) ______（become）a doctor. Most training is concerned (23) _____ technique, for musicians have to be as muscularly skillful as anathlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords（声带）would be inadequate without (24) ______（control）muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow back and forth with the right arm, (25) ______ are two entirely different movements.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists (26) ______（spare）this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune the instrument for (27) ______ . But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string must be dealt with carefully not to sound like drum or bass, and each tone, even if played very fast, has to sound clear.The problem (28) ______（face）student conductors is that they have to learn to know every note of the music and (29) ______ it should sound, and they need to aim at controlling these sound with enthusiastic but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music (30) ______ they can enjoy performing works written in any century.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.I had the pleasure of teaching Sara in her 11th grade honors English class at Mark Twain High School. From the first day of class, Sara impressed me with her ability to clearly explain difficult (31) _______ and texts, her sensitivity to the slight differences within literature, and her passion for reading, writing, and creative expression—both in and out of the classroom. Sara is a talented literary critic and poet, and she has my highest (32) _______ as a student and writer.Sara is talented at considering the elegances within literature and the (33) ______ behind authors' works. She produced an extraordinary year-long thesis paper on creative identity development, in which she compared works from three different time periods and synthesized cultural and historical (34) _______ to inform her analysis. When called upon to give her thesis defense in front of her peers, Sara spoke clearly and (35) _______ about her conclusions and responded to questions in a thoughtful way. Outside of the classroom, Sara is devoted to her literary pursuits, especially to poetry. She publishes her poetry in our school's literary magazine, as well as in online magazines. She is an insightful, sensitive, and deeply self-aware individual driven to (36)______art, writing, and a deeper understanding of the human condition.Throughout the year Sara was an active participant in our discussions, and she always supported her peers. Her caring nature and personality allow her to work well with others in a team setting, as she always respects others' opinions even when they differ from her own. When we held a class debate about gun laws, Sara chose to speak for the side opposite her own views. She explained her choice as (37)_______ by a desire to put herself in other people's shoes, view the issues from a new perspective, and gain a clearer sense of the issue from all angles. Throughout the year, Sara (38) _______ this openness to the opinions, feelings, and perspectives of others, along with sharp powers of observation, all (39) _______ that make her outstanding as a student of literature and burgeoning writer.I am certain that Sara is going to continue to do great and creative things in her future. I highly recommend her for admission to your undergraduate program. She is talented, caring, dedicated, and focused in her pursuits. Sara consistently seeks out (40) _______ feedback so she can improve her writing skills, which is a rare and impressive quality in a high school student. Sara is truly a stand-out individual who will impress everyone she meets. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions at callmeclemens@.Sincerely,Ms. ScribeEnglish TeacherMark Twain High SchoolIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The Paris agreement to fight climate change became international law Friday. The landmark deal aims to deal with global warming among growing (41)______ that the world is becoming hotter even faster than scientists expected.So far, 96 countries, accounting for just over two-thirds of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, have formally joined the agreement, which (42)______ to limit global warming this century to 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above what it was before machines and (43)______ appeared in the late 1700s. The United States (44) ______ entered into the agreement in September, and more countries are expected to come aboard in the coming weeks and months.United Nations Secretary General Ban-Ki Moon celebrated the event, talking with nongovernmental groups at U.N. headquarters in New York to hear their concerns and (45)______ for the future.“This is an emotional moment for me. It is a credit to all of you. An d it is (46)______ for the world,” Ban said in his opening remarks.He praised the (47)______ for getting hundreds of millions of people to back fighting climate change but (48)______ the outcome remained uncertain.“We are still in a race (49)______ time. We need to move on to a low-emission and climate-sustainable future,” Ban added.Scientists praised the speed at which the agreement, signed by 192 parties last December in Paris, has come into force, saying it shows a new commitment by the international community to (50)_____ a problem that is melting polar ice caps, sending sea levels (51)______and transforming vast areas into desert.“(52)______ the real effect of the agreement after it goes into effect is still uncertain, it is a simple sign that the international society is much more open to alter economic and political behavior to control climate change, which is (53)______ positive,” said Feng Qi, executive director of the School of Environmental and Sustainability Sciences at Kean University in New Jersey.Scientists and (54)______ say the agreement is the first step of a much longer and complicatedprocess of reducing the use of fossil fuels, which currently (55) ______ the majority of the planet’s energy needs and also are the primary drivers of global warming.41. A. applicants B. fears C. observations D. comments42. A. seeks B. allows C. assumes D. seizes43. A. institutions B. laboratories C. committees D. factories44. A. formally B. instantly C. particularly D. generally45. A. prejudices B. approaches C. visions D. concepts46. A. spiritual B. historic C. appropriate D. valueless47. A. agreements B. groups C. headquarters D. emissions48. A. apologized B. denied C. warned D. overlooked49. A. against B. on C. for D. without50. A. avoid B. find C. address D. ignore51. A. falling B. rising C. disappearing D. remaining52. A. Until B. Since C. If D. While53. A. under no circumstances B. on the contraryC. in no caseD. by all means54. A. officers B. policymakers C. employers D. technicians55. A. remove B. preserve C. supply D. restoreSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.AI used to think ants knew what they were doing. The ones marching acrossmy kitchen counter looked so confident; I just figured they had a plan, knewwhere they were going and what needed to be done. How else could antsorganize highways, build elaborate nests, launch impressive attacks, and do allthe other things ants do?Turns out I was wrong. Ants aren’t clever little engineers, architects, or soldiers after all --- at least not as individuals. When it comes to deciding what to do next, most ants don’t have a clue. “If you watch an ant try to accomplish something, you’ll be impressed by how awkward it is,” says Deborah M. Gordon, a biologist at Stanford University.“Ants aren’t smart,” Gordon says. “Ant colonies are.” A colony can solve problems unthinkable for individual ants, such as finding the shortest path to the best food source, assigning workers to different tasks, or defending a territory from neighbors. As individuals, ants might be tiny dummies, but as colonies they respond quickly and effectively to their environment. They do it with something called collective intelligence.Where this intelligence comes from raises an essential question in nature: How do the simple actions of individual ants add up to the complex behavior of a group? How do hundreds of honey-bees make a critical decision about their hive (蜂巢)if many of them disagree? The collective abilities of such animals --- one of which grasps the big picture, but each of which contributes to the group’s success --- seem miraculous even to the biologists who know them best. Yet during the past few decades, researchers have come up with fascinating insights.56.The author’s former f alse impression about ants is that he thought them to be _______.A. smartB. awkwardC. elaborateD. creative57.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Ants will function as a single body once a decision is made by the commander.B. Ants are the only species which developed collective intelligence.C. The ant queen plays a role in managing ant workers besides laying eggs.D. An individual ant can’t comprehend the whole process of a big movement.58.The paragraph following the passage will most probably deal with _______.A. where we can observe such fantastic behavior of antsB. which is the leading ant in charge of the actionC. how the collective intelligence worksD. what inspiration can be drawn from the collective abilitiesBThe idea of using radio or wireless to broadcast to audiences was formed in 1916 by a president of the American Marconi Company, David Sarnoff. His superiors were doubtfulabout his idea to “make radio a household cause, so that by purchase of a ‘radio music box’,the audience could enjoy lectures, music performance, etc.”Four years later the American engineer Frank Conrad, an employee at W E Corp, attracted considerable attention when a local newspaper reported on the growing audience listening on crystal radio sets to his evening and weekend amateur broadcasts. A local music store had provided records to play on the Victoria, and Conrad and his family served as disc jockeys(唱片音乐播音员). Westinghouse vice president Harry Davis asked Conrad to build a more powerful transmitter(发射台)in time to announce the outcome of the next US presidential election. Conrad completed his assignment, and on November 2, 1920, station KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, broadcast the announcement that Warren G. Harding had been elected president. About 1000 people heard this first news broadcast.Radio communicated news much faster than did newspapers, and because crystal sets were easy to build and inexpensive, radio expanded rapidly in the following years. To stimulate the sale of radio sets, equipment manufactures provided transmitting facilities. Singers, comedians, and entire orchestras volunteered their services for publicity. The eventual financial basis of the new industry, however, was still unclear. One group in New York City tried to seek contributions from listeners while others urged that private foundations support radio stations as a public service. In August 1922 the first commercial radio advertisement was broadcast on WEAF (now WNBC) in New York City. In 1926, when about 5 million homes had radios, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), in cooperation with the American Telephone & Telegraph Company, established the first commercial radio network. In the 1920s radio was established as a new mass medium had a practicable industry, and it became a national forum(论坛)for news and popular culture.59.The passage is mainly concerned with _______.A. the contribution of radio to popular cultureB. the invention and uses of radioC. early radio programs for a mass audienceD. the history of radio broadcasting60.Who started broadcasting radio programs to mass audience?A. Frank ConradB. David SarnoffC. Harry DavisD. Warren Harding61.After 1920, radio expanded rapidly because _______.A. people could easily get it in storesB. it was cheaper than newspapersC. it had advantages over newspapersD. people were interested in anything new62.By saying that “the eventual financial basis of the new industry was still unclear”, the author meansthat _______.A. the private foundations were unwilling to support the stationsB. the stations were not sure yet where to get the operational moneyC. advertising and commercial programs could not raise enough moneyD. the listeners would not pay for the broadcasting stationsCIt could be said that the age of adventure peaked with Sir Everest Shackletonthe moment his ship, the Endurance, become hopelessly locked in ice on its way toAntarctica in January 1915. For ten months the 28 men aboard Shackleton’s shipwaited and prayed for ice to break. When it finally did, the Endurance sank, leavingthe crew homeless and adrift on a sea of ice in one of the world’s most dangerousenvironments.In January 2000 a luxury ocean liner found itself similarly trapped in the coldwaters off Antarctica. Argentine authorities sent off an icebreaker straight awayfrom the nearest naval base, and in 24 hours, all 176 passengers and crew were free.The tour company’s spokesperson spun the potential disaster as a value-added reward in extreme travel. “The people on board are looking at this as sort of a great adventure,” she said.Ever since Jon Krakauer’s book Into Thin Air made Everest a household name, the subculture of adventure has blown up like a Himalayan avalanche(雪崩) into public consciousness. Magazines promise “extreme” content, television, offers adventure programs, and the growing collective fascination with adventure has produced a flow of published accounts about the world’s greatest adventurous journey. Nowadays more and more people are interested in adventure and this mass appeal makes good business sense. Today the only thing blocking a would-be adventurer’s passage to Antarctica is the cost---- which typically runs well over $10,000.Despite very different implications, adventure w as just as popular in Shackleton’s time. He has little trouble filling the Endurance----5,000 men are said to have responded to his recruitment(招募) notice: “Men wanted for risky journey. Small wages. Bitter cold. Long months of complete darkness. Constant danger. Safe return doubtful.”After five months drifting on ice, the crew were forced to take to their lifeboats to Elephant Island. Reaching the wasteland, Shackleton went on with one lifeboat and five of his best men 1,300 kilometers across the bone-chilly Scotia Sea to South Georgia Island. Shivering with cold, dressed in rags, Shackleton marched into a whaling station and set about organizing a rescue expedition to Elephant Island. Almost two years after becoming shipwrecked on ice, Shackleton picked u p his crew. “Not a life lost, and we have been through hell,” he remarked earnestly.63.We can learn from the first sentence of this passage that _______.A. the age of adventure began with the ship Endurance trapped in iceB. Shackleton’s adventure marked t he highest point of pure explorationC. the age of adventure ended with the ship Endurance trapped in iceD. Shackleton’s adventure predicted that the golden age of exploration was approaching64.The word “spun” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “_______”.A. summed upB. judgedC. boasted aboutD. referred to65.Since Jon Krakauer’s book was published _______.A. the media have got interested in the topic of adventureB. the costs of extreme travel have gone upC. Everest has got its name known to EuropeD. people have got fascinated by Himalayan avalanches66.The adventure in Shackleton’s time has different implications from today’s in that _______.A. Shackleton’s adventure lasted longer then any other adventure nowadaysB. no one was miss ing during Shackleton’s adventureC. Shackleton’s adventure was entirely for the sake of adventureD. Shackleton enrolled volunteers more easilySection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.My wife and I recently welcomed a child into the world. His only interest right now is keeping us awake 24/7. But one day, he’ll need to learn something about finance. When he does, here are some suggestions.1. You migh t think you want an expensive car, a fancy watch, and a huge house. But you don’t.(67)________________________ You think having expensive stuff will bring it. It almost never does—especially from the people you want to respect and admire you.2. The road to financial regret is paved with debt. Some debt, such as a mortgage, is OK. But most spending that results in debt is the equivalent of a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that wears off, only to drag you down for years to come, limiting your options and keeping you weighed down by the baggage of your past.3. I hope you’re poor at some point. Not struggling, and not unhappy, of course. But there’s no way to learn the value of money without feeling the power of its scarcity. It teaches you the difference between necessary and desirable. (68) ________________________ These are essential survival skills.4. If you’re like most people, you’ll spend most of your adult life thinking, “Once I’ve saved/earned $X, everything will be great.” Then you’ll hit $X, move the goalposts, and resume chasing your tail. It’s a miserable cycle. Your goals should be about more than money.5. Don’t stay in a job you hate because you made a career choice at 18. Almost no one knows what he or she wants to do at that age. Many people don’t know what they want until they’re twice that age. (Theseare the signs you’re in the wrong career.)6. The best thing money buys is to control over your time. (69) ________________________ One day you’ll realize that this freedom is one of the things that makes you truly happy.7. Change your mind when you need to. I’ve noticed a tendency for people to think they’ve mastered investing when they’re young. They start investing at age 18 and think they have it all figured out by age 19. They never do.8. Some people are born into families that encourage education; others are from families that are against it. Some are born into flourishing economies; others, into war and poverty. I want you to be successful, and I want you to earn it. But realize that not all success is due to hard work and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself.9. Your savings rate has a little to do with how much you earn and a lot to do with how much you spend. I know a dentist who lives paycheck to paycheck, always on the edge of ruin. I know another person who never earned more than $50,000 and saved a fortune. The difference is entirely due to their spending.(70) __________________________.10. Don’t listen to me if you disagree with what I’ve written. The world you grow up in will have different values and opportunities than the one I did. More important, you’ll learn best when you disagree with someone and then are forced to learn it yourself. (On the other hand, always listen to your mother.)IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Meet The Member Who Quit SugarWhen I was 15, I weighed 100 kg.I was a size 20+ and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge.It was a heartbreaking cy cle of hate and food. I didn’t feel confident, pretty, or worthwhile.Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy.But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar.It started with my mum. She staged an intervention (干预) that made me cry. I wanted to change - I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was.She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar. It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o’clock hunger hits.But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar, and I stopped loving it; simple as that.I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time.Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. Somany people are intimidated by the words “quit sugar”. It’s not true. Fruit, honey, et cetera are nat ural sugars, and believe me, they fuel you better than chocolate bars ever could.Now I’m 17, turning 18, and I weigh 70 kg. I still struggle with my weight, but this is where I sit naturally, and I am very proud of myself. I never thought I would be confident enough to wear dresses or skirts, and take leadership roles to put myself out there and develop my social skills.I could never have done it without the support of my friends and family, and I urge everyone who wants to do right by themselves and change their diet - quitting sugar or otherwise - to share their decision with people. Develop a support network, online or offline, which can offer you advice or pick you up when you’re down. And I can assure you, from my own personal experience, your body wi ll thank you, and you will thank yourself too.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.铃声一响，孩子们就冲了出来。
上海市各区2017年中考二模语文试卷分类汇编综合运用专题(20200709184405)
上海市各区2017年中考二模语文试卷分类汇编：综合运用专题2017年初三二模徐汇区综合运用（10分）25.结合材料，完成下列各题。
【材料一】《中国诗词大会》是央视首档全民参与的诗词节目，节目以“赏中华诗词、寻文化基因、品生活之美”为基本宗旨，通过比赛的形式比拼诗词知识并赏析，带动全民分享诗词之美，感受诗词之趣，从古人的智慧和情怀中汲取营养，涵养心灵。
【注释】会：有一定目的的集会。
赛：比赛。
【材料二】两会期间，教育部长陈宝生在回答记者提问时表示：《中国诗词大会》为优秀传统文化进校园，融汇地用到教材体系中积累了一定的经验。
像中医院、武术等都可以考虑进去，而且不仅要进校园，还可以国际化。
（1）央视的这档诗词节目名为“中国诗词大会”，而非“中国诗词大赛”，请结合材料揣摩其命名的意图。
（2分）_______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________（2）师生们都想用实际行动传承中国优秀的传统文化，下列与活动意图不匹配的两项是（）（）（4分）A.学生社团组织成立诗歌社。
B.语文组举办经典诗词吟诵节。
C.历史组开设东欧历史兴趣课。
D.劳技课引进“扎染”等非遗课程。
E.计算机组开展网络流行语探究活动。
F.图书馆推荐中华经典读本系列书目。
（3）为了更好地推广中国诗词，同学们认为可以挖掘其中的文化元素，来增强欣赏诗词的趣味性。
请你写出下列诗词中的中国传统节日。
（4分）、《生查子·元夕》《元日》去年元夜时，花市灯如昼。
爆竹声中一岁除，月上柳梢头，人约黄昏后。
春风送暖入屠苏。
今年元夜时，月与灯依旧。
千门万户曈曈日，不见去年人，泪湿春衫袖。
上海市徐汇区2018届高三二模语文试卷(含详细答案)
2017 学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三语文试卷（满分150 分，考试时间150 分钟）2018.4一、积累应用10 分1. 按要求填空。
（5 分）⑴云无心以出岫，。
”（陶渊明《》）⑵是日也，天朗气清，。
（王羲之《兰亭集序》）⑶无论是《老子》中的“千里之行，始于足下”，还是《荀子·劝学》中的“，”，都是以“行路”来形象地阐释积累的重要性。
2. 按要求选择。
（5 分）⑴假设你为学校“读书节”设计一张宣传海报，下列诗文中最适合选用的是（）。
（2 分）A. 纸上得来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。
B. 世事洞明皆学问，人情练达即文章。
C. 察己则可以知人，察今则可以知古。
D. 问渠那得清如许，为有源头活水来。
⑵下面是某高三学生参加高校自主招生的自荐信，画线部分可能存在不得体的表达。
尊敬的学校领导：您好!①感谢您在百忙之中阅读我的自荐信。
我是XX，来自XX 市XX中学，学习成绩优秀，曾担任校学生会文艺部部长，爱好写作。
我获得过第十九届“语文报杯”全国中学生作文竞赛高中组一等奖；也曾代表学校参加市中学生辩论大赛，②以敏捷的反应和出众的口才令对手自惭形秽，③获得“最佳辩手”称号。
贵校历史悠久，底蕴深厚，④能进入贵校中文系学习是我的理想。
⑤贵校的自主招生条件也非常符合我的标准。
⑥请您一定不要拒绝我，⑦圆我的大学中文系之梦。
此致敬礼！自荐人：XXXXX 年 X 月 X 日有几处画线部分存在不得体的表达？（）（3 分）A. 1 处B. 2 处C. 3 处D. 4 处二、阅读70 分（一）阅读下文，完成第3—7 题。
（16 分）①美国波士顿一所公立学校日前选用了一种全新标准的世界地图，令学生们看后困惑不已：美国、加拿大、欧洲的版图不再如印象中那般阔大，南美洲和大洋洲也不像原先看起来那样狭小。
最令人惊讶的是非洲——和美国比起来，非洲才是真正的巨人，连俄罗斯都无法与之相提并论。
②世界地图也有多种版本吗？哪个版本才是正确的呢？要解答这些问题，首先要对地图投影有所了解。
2017年上海徐汇区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷
2017年上海徐汇区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法和词汇1、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模第21~30题10分2021年上海高三高考模拟（新题型十一）第21~30题A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it1it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is absolutely dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as tough a training to become a performer as a medical studentneeds2（become） a doctor. Most training isconcerned3technique, for musicians have to be as muscularly skillful as an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords（声带）would be inadequate without4（control） muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow back and forth with the right arm,5are two entirely different movements.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune.Pianists6（spare） this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility to tune the instrument for7. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string must be dealt with carefully not to sound like drum or bass, and each tone, even if played very fast, has to sound clear.The problem8（face） student conductors is that they have to learn to know every note of the music and9it should sound, and they need to aimat controlling these sound with enthusiastic but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language ofmusic10they can enjoy performing works written in any century.2、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模第31~40题10分Dear Admissions Committee,I had the pleasure of teaching Sara in her 11th grade honors English class at Mark Twain High School. From the first day of class, Sara impressed me with her ability to clearly explaindifficult1and texts, her sensitivity to the slight differences within literature, and her passion for reading, writing, and creative expression - both in and out of the classroom. Sara is atalented literary critic and poet, and she has my highest2as a student and writer.Sara is talented at considering the elegances within literature andthe3behind authors' works. She produced an extraordinary year-long thesis paper on creative identity development, in which she compared works from three different time periods and synthesized cultural and historical4to inform her analysis. When called upon to give her thesis defense in front of her peers, Sara spoke clearlyand5about her conclusions and responded to questions in a thoughtful way. Outside of the classroom, Sara is devoted to her literary pursuits, especially to poetry. She publishes her poetry in our school's literary magazine, as well as in online magazines. She is an insightful, sensitive, and deeply self-aware individual driven to6art, writing, and a deeper understanding of the human condition.Throughout the year Sara was an active participant in our discussions, and she always supported her peers. Her caring nature and personality allow her to work well with others in a team setting, as she always respects others' opinions even when they differ from her own. When we held a class debate about gun laws, Sara chose to speak for the side opposite her own views. She explained her choiceas7by a desire to put herself in other people's shoes, view the issues from a new perspective, and gain a clearer sense of the issue from all angles. Throughout the year,Sara8this openness to the opinions, feelings, and perspectives of others, along with sharp powers of observation, all9that make her outstanding as a student of literature and burgeoning writer.I am certain that Sara is going to continue to do great and creative things in her future. I highly recommend her for admission to your undergraduate program. She is talented, caring, dedicated, and focused in her pursuits. Sara consistently seeks out10feedback so she can improve her writing skills, which is a rare and impressive quality in a high school student. Sara is truly a stand-out individual who will impress everyone she meets. Please feel free to contact me if you have any**********************************.Sincerely,Ms. ScribeEnglish TeacherMark Twain High SchoolA. perspectivesB. exploreC. qualitiesD. powerfullyE. appreciateF. purposeG. constructiveH. conceptsI. demonstratedJ. motivatedK. recommendation二、完形填空3、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模第41~55题15分The Paris agreement to fight climate change became international law Friday. The landmark deal aims to deal with global warming among growing1that the world is becoming hotter even faster than scientists expected.So far, 96 countries, accounting for just over two-thirds of the world's greenhouse gas emissions, have formally joined the agreement, which2to limit global warming this century to 2 degrees Celsius （3.6 degrees Fahrenheit） above what it was before machinesand3appeared in the late 1700s. The UnitedStates4entered into the agreement in September, and more countries are expected to come aboard in the coming weeks and months.United Nations Secretary General Ban-Ki Moon celebrated the event, talking with nongovernmental groups at U.N. headquarters in New York to hear their concerns and5for the future."This is an emotional moment for me. It is a credit to all of you. And itis6for the world, " Ban said in his opening remarks.He praised the7for getting hundreds of millions of people to back fighting climate change but8the outcome remained uncertain."We are still in a race9time. We need to move on to a low-emission and climate-sustainable future, " Ban added.Scientists praised the speed at which the agreement, signed by 192 parties last December in Paris, has come into force, saying it shows a new commitment by the international communityto10 a problem that is melting polar ice caps, sending sealevels11and transforming vast areas into desert."12the real effect of the agreement after it goes into effect is still uncertain, it is a simple sign that the international society is much more open to alter economic and political behavior to control climate change, which is13positive, " said Feng Qi, executive director of the School of Environmental and Sustainability Sciences at Kean University in New Jersey.Scientists and14say the agreement is the first step of a much longer and complicated process of reducing the use of fossil fuels, which currently15the majority of the planet's energy needs and also are the primary drivers of global warming.A. applicantsB. fearsC. observationsD. commentsA. seeksB. allowsC. assumesD. seizesA. institutionsB. laboratoriesC. committeesD. factoriesA. formallyB. instantlyC. particularlyD. generallyA. prejudicesB. approachesC. visionsD. conceptsA. spiritualB. historicC. appropriateD. valuelessA. agreementsB. groupsC. headquartersD. emissionsA. apologizedB. deniedC. warnedD. overlookedA. againstB. onC. forD. withoutA. avoidB. findC. addressD. ignoreA. fallingB. risingC. disappearingD. remainingA. UntilB. SinceC. IfD. WhileA. under no circumstancesB. on the contraryC. in no caseD. by all meansA. officersB. policymakersC. employersD. techniciansA. removeB. preserveC. supplyD. restore三、阅读理解4、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模（A篇）第56~58题6分2018~2019学年上海崇明县崇明中学高二上学期期中第34~36题2020~2021学年12月上海宝山区上海市行知中学高一上学期月考（A篇）第56~58题I used to think ants knew what they were doing. The ones marchingacross my kitchen counter looked so confident; I just figured they had a plan, knew where they were going and what needed to be done. How else could ants organize highways, build elaborate nests, launch impressive attacks, and do all the other things ants do?Turns out I was wrong. Ants aren't clever little engineers, architects, or soldiers after all—at least not as individuals. When it comes to deciding what to do next, most ants don't have a clue. "If you watch an ant try to accomplish something, you'll be impressed by how awkward it is, " says Deborah M. Gordon, a biologist at Stanford University."Ants aren't smart, " Gordon says. "Ant colonies are." A colony can solve problems unthinkable for individual ants, such as finding the shortest path to the best food source, assigning workers to different tasks, or defending a territory from neighbors. As individuals, ants might be tiny dummies, but as colonies they respond quickly and effectively to their environment. They do it with something called collective intelligence.Where this intelligence comes from raises an essential question in nature: How do the simple actions of individual ants add up to the complex behavior of a group? How do hundreds of honey-bees make a critical decision about their hive（蜂巢）if many of them disagree? The collective abilities of such animals—one of which grasps the big picture, but each of which contributes to the group's success—seem miraculous even to the biologists who know them best. Yet during the past few decades, researchers have come up with fascinating insights.(1) The author's former false impression about ants is that he thought them tobe.A. smartB. awkwardC. elaborateD. creative(2) Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Ants will function as a single body once a decision is made by the commander.B. Ants are the only species which developed collective intelligence.C. The ant queen plays a role in managing ant workers besides laying eggs.D. An individual ant can't comprehend the whole process of a big movement.(3) The paragraph following the passage will most probably deal with.A. where we can observe such fantastic behavior of antsB. which is the leading ant in charge of the actionC. how the collective intelligence worksD. what inspiration can be drawn from the collective abilities5、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模（B篇）第59~62题8分The idea of using radio or wireless to broadcast to audiences was formed in 1916by a president of the American Marconi Company, David Sarnoff. His superiors were doubtful about his idea to "make radio a household cause, so that by purchase of a 'radio music box', the audience could enjoy lectures, music performance, etc."Four years later the American engineer Frank Conrad, an employee at W E Corp, attracted considerable attention when a local newspaper reported on the growing audience listening on crystal radio sets to his evening and weekend amateur broadcasts. A local music store had provided records to play on the Victoria, and Conrad and his family served as disc jockeys（唱片音乐播音员）. Westinghouse vice president Harry Davis asked Conrad to build a more powerful transmitter（发射台）in time to announce the outcome of the next US presidential election. Conrad completed his assignment, and on November 2, 1920, station KDKA in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, broadcast the announcement that Warren G. Harding had been elected president. About 1000 people heard this first news broadcast.Radio communicated news much faster than did newspapers, and because crystal sets were easy to build and inexpensive, radio expanded rapidly in the following years. To stimulate the sale of radio sets, equipment manufactures provided transmitting facilities. Singers, comedians, and entire orchestrasvolunteered their services for publicity. The eventual financial basis of the new industry, however, was still unclear. One group in New York City tried to seek contributions from listeners while others urged that private foundations support radio stations as a public service. In August 1922 the first commercial radio advertisement was broadcast on WEAF （now WNBC） in New York City. In 1926, when about 5 million homes had radios, the Radio Corporation of America （RCA）, in cooperation with the American Telephone & Telegraph Company, established the first commercial radio network. In the 1920s radio was established as a new mass medium had a practicable industry, and it became a national forum（论坛）for news and popular culture.(1) The passage is mainly concerned with.A. the contribution of radio to popular cultureB. the invention and uses of radioC. early radio programs for a mass audienceD. the history of radio broadcasting(2) Who started broadcasting radio programs to mass audience?A. Frank ConradB. David SarnoffC. Harry DavisD. Warren Harding(3) After 1920, radio expanded rapidly because.A. people could easily get it in storesB. it was cheaper than newspapersC. it had advantages over newspapersD. people were interested in anything new(4) By saying that "the eventual financial basis of the new industry was still unclear", the author means that.A. the private foundations were unwilling to support the stationsB. the stations were not sure yet where to get the operational moneyC. advertising and commercial programs could not raise enough moneyD. the listeners would not pay for the broadcasting stations6、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模第63~66题8分It could be said that the age of adventure peaked with Sir Everest Shackleton themoment his ship, the Endurance, become hopelessly locked in ice on its way to Antarctica in January 1915. For ten months the 28 men aboard Shackleton's ship waited and prayed for ice to break. When it finally did, the Endurance sank, leaving the crew homeless and adrift on a sea of ice in one of the world's most dangerous environments.In January 2000 a luxury ocean liner found itself similarly trapped in the cold waters off Antarctica. Argentine authorities sent off an icebreaker straight away from the nearest naval base, and in 24 hours, all 176 passengers and crew were free. The tour company's spokesperson TAL#NBSP spun the potential disaster as a value-added reward in extreme travel. "The people on board are looking at this as sort of a great adventure, " she said.Ever since Jon Krakauer's book Into Thin Air made Everest a household name, the subculture of adventure has blown up like a Himalayan avalanche（雪崩）into public consciousness. Magazines promise "extreme" content, television, offers adventure programs, and the growing collective fascination with adventure has produced a flow of published accounts about the world's greatest adventurous journey. Nowadays more and more people are interested in adventure and this mass appeal makes good business sense. Today the only thing blocking a would-be adventurer's passage to Antarctica is the cost—which typically runs well over $10, 000.Despite very different implications, adventure was just as popular in Shackleton's time. He has little trouble filling the Endurance—5, 000 men are said to have responded to his recruitment（招募）notice: "Men wanted for risky journey. Small wages. Bitter cold. Long months of complete darkness. Constant danger. Safe return doubtful."After five months drifting on ice, the crew were forced to take to their lifeboats to Elephant Island. Reaching the wasteland, Shackleton went on with one lifeboat and five of his best men 1, 300 kilometers across the bone-chilly Scotia Sea to South Georgia Island. Shivering with cold, dressed in rags, Shackleton marched into a whaling station and set about organizing a rescue expedition to Elephant Island. Almost two years after becoming shipwrecked on ice, Shackleton picked up his crew. "Not a life lost, and we have been through hell, " he remarked earnestly.(1) We can learn from the first sentence of this passage that.A. the age of adventure began with the ship Endurance trapped in iceB. Shackleton's adventure marked the highest point of pure explorationC. the age of adventure ended with the ship Endurance trapped in iceD. Shackleton's adventure predicted that the golden age of exploration was approaching(2) The word "spun" in the second paragraph can be replaced by "".A. summed upB. judgedC. boasted aboutD. referred to(3) Since Jon Krakauer's book was published.A. the media have got interested in the topic of adventureB. the costs of extreme travel have gone upC. Everest has got its name known to EuropeD. people have got fascinated by Himalayan avalanches(4) The adventure in Shackleton's time has different implications from today's inthat.A. Shackleton's adventure lasted longer then any other adventure nowadaysB. no one was missing during Shackleton's adventureC. Shackleton's adventure was entirely for the sake of adventureD. Shackleton enrolled volunteers more easily四、6选47、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模第67~70题8分2018~2019学年上海崇明县崇明中学高二上学期期中第40~43题2017~2018学年10月上海虹口区上海市复兴高级中学高一上学期月考第62~65题8分(每题2分)My wife and I recently welcomed a child into the world. His only interest right now is keeping us awake 24/7. But one day, he'll need to learn something about finance. When he does, here are some suggestions.1. You might think you want an expensive car, a fancy watch, and a huge house. But youdon't.1You think having expensive stuff will bring it. It almost never does—especially from the people you want to respect and admire you.2. The road to financial regret is paved with debt. Some debt, such as a mortgage, is OK. But most spending that results in debt is the equivalent of a drug: a quick hit of pleasure that wears off, only to drag you down for years to come, limiting your options and keeping you weighed down by the baggage of your past.3. I hope you're poor at some point. Not struggling, and not unhappy, of course. But there's no way to learn the value of money without feeling the power of its scarcity. It teaches you the difference between necessary and desirable.2These are essential survival skills.4. If you're like most people, you'll spend most of your adult life thinking, "Once I've saved/earned X dollars, everything will be great." Then you'll hit X dollars, move the goalposts, and resume chasing your tail. It's a miserable cycle. Your goals should be about more than money.5. Don't stay in a job you hate because you made a career choice at 18. Almost no one knows what he or she wants to do at that age. Many people don't know what they want until they're twice that age. （These are the signs you're in the wrong career.）6. The best thing money buys is to control over your time.3One day you'll realize that this freedom is one of the things that makes you truly happy.7. Change your mind when you need to. I've noticed a tendency for people to think they've mastered investing when they're young. They start investing at age 18 and think they have it all figured out by age 19. They never do.8. Some people are born into families that encourage education; others are from families that are against it. Some are born into flourishing economies; others, into war and poverty. I want you to be successful, and I want you to earn it. But realize that not all success is due to hard work and not all poverty is due to laziness. Keep this in mind when judging people, including yourself.9. Your savings rate has a little to do with how much you earn and a lot to do with how much you spend. I know a dentist who lives paycheck to paycheck, always on the edge of ruin. I know another person who never earned more than $50, 000 and saved a fortune. The difference is entirely due to their spending.410. Don't listen to me if you disagree with what I've written. The world you grow up in will have different values and opportunities than the one I did. More important, you'll learn best when you disagree with someone and then are forced to learn it yourself.（On the other hand, always listen to your mother.）A. It'll make you learn to enjoy what you have, fix what's broken, and shop for a bargain.B. Spending more is likely to stimulate your motivation for more earning.C. It gives you options and frees you from relying on someone else's priorities.D. Living with less is the most efficient way to control your financial future.E. Actually, your parents have already given you too much.F. What you want is respect and admiration from other people.五、篇章总结8、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模第71题10分Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Meet The Member Who Quit SugarWhen I was 15, I weighed 100 kg.I was a size 20+ and hated the way I looked. I was a serial big eater and quite depressed. I would sit in front of the fridge, eat something, move to the cupboard, eat a packet of chips, and move back to the fridge.It was a heartbreaking cycle of hate and food. I didn't feel confident, pretty, or worthwhile.Shopping made me cry, I avoided mirrors, and my social life came to an end. I actually lost friends because they told me I was antisocial. It became so bad that I wanted to abuse myself; my skin and my mind became my enemy.But then, I turned my life around. I quit sugar.It started with my mum. She staged an intervention（干预）that made me cry. I wanted to change - I needed to change - and she could see how unhappy I was.She put me onto a diet that mostly aimed to schedule meals, and - to my shock horror - cut out all processed sugar. It was so hard at first. I remember the shame of sneaking chocolate and candies when the three o'clock hunger hits.But the weeks kept coming and it just got easier. I stopped eating sugar, and I stopped loving it; simple as that.I substituted chips and biscuits for fruit and nuts, and had cup-of-soups after school when I was hit by the desire. I also had more energy, having a 20-minute walk with my dog into my everyday routine; I began to love that personal time.Cutting out sugar gave me so much more control over my body, and my outlook on life improved. So many people are intimidated by the words "quit sugar". It's not true. Fruit, honey, et cetera are natural sugars, and believe me, they fuel you better than chocolate bars ever could.Now I'm 17, turning 18, and I weigh 70 kg. I still struggle with my weight, but this is where I sit naturally, and I am very proud of myself. I never thought I would be confident enough to wear dresses or skirts, and take leadership roles to put myself out there and develop my social skills.I could never have done it without the support of my friends and family, and I urge everyone who wants to do right by themselves and change their diet - quitting sugar or otherwise - to share their decision with people. Develop a support network, online or offline, which can offer you advice or pick you up when you're down. And I can assure you, from my own personal experience, your body will thank you, and you will thank yourself too.六、翻译句子9、【来源】 2017年上海徐汇区高三二模第72~75题15分Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 铃声一响，孩子们就冲了出来。
2017届上海市徐汇区高三4月模拟(二模)英语试题(解析版)
2017届上海市徐汇区高三4月模拟（二模）英语试题（解析版）2017.4I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.音频A. He knows who is knocking.B. He is eager to know who it is.C. He doesn’t want to open the door.D. He is ready to open the door.【答案】C【解析】略2.音频A. By plane.B. By bus.C. By taxi.D. By train.【答案】D【解析】M: Have you called a taxi to the airport?W: Why? I’m not flying. I’ll go to Guangzhou by High Speed Railway.Q: How is the woman going to Guangzhou?略3.音频A. $100.B. $200.C. $300.D. $400.【答案】A【解析】W: Did you tip the waitress?M: Yes. $10. 10% of our bill, right?Q: How much did their meal cost?略4.音频A. She went to cinema.B. She went to an exhibition.C. She stayed at home.D. She stayed with her classmates.【答案】C【解析】M: I thought you were going to visit your grandparents last Sunday.W: I had planned to, but I got a bad cold, and I didn’t want to spread it to them or anyone else.Q: What did the woman probably do last Sunday?略5.音频A. In a doctor’s office.B. In a professor’s office.C. In an operating room.D. In an emergency ward.【答案】A【解析】M: I’m here to see Doctor Barrette for a physical examination.W: I’m sorry. She is in surgery right now.Q: Where does this conversation probably take place?略6.音频A. The man paid the tuition for learning physics.B. The man got a lot of money for his hard work.C. His hard work was not rewarding at all.D. His work before the test led to a good result.【答案】D【解析】M: You’ll never guess I got a high mark in Physics.W: Congratulations. Your hard work finally paid off, right?Q: What does the woman mean?略7.音频A. A furnished house.B. A recent book.C. A further study.D. A new record.【答案】B【解析】M: Have you read the author’s latest bestseller?W: I’ve just finished it. I really recommend it.Q: What are the man and woman talking about?略8.音频A. They will go swimming.B. They will climb mountains.C. They will buy some clothes.D. They will forecast the weather conditions.【答案】B【解析】W: Why are you wearing a jacket? It’s getting warmer today.M: You never know what the weather will be like in the mountain.Q: What will the two speakers probably do?略9.音频A. He has another lecture to attend.B. He has no interest in the lecture.C. He’s attended the same lecture given by Professor Wilson before.D. He might miss the lecture, if the woman didn’t remind him.【答案】D【解析】W: I guess you have no interest in attending Professor Wilson’s lecture tomorrow, right?M: On the contrary, I have to thank you for reminding me of it.Q: What does the man mean?略10.音频A. She fully agrees with the man.B. They are uncertain about the weather.C. She disagrees with the man.D. She thought the man was always late.【答案】C【解析】M: I’m certain we’ve never had as much rain as we’re having lately.W: Haven’t we, ever?Q: What do we learn from the woman’s response?略Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.音频11.A. People are encouraged to be a craftsman.B. Learning woodworking is not as hard as you think.C. Learning woodworking will help you know more people.D. Taking a class in woodworking will be very helpful.12.A. Because I am a talent in this art and want to share it with others.B. Because I am interested in it and want to show it to others.C. Because I wonder how to pick materials and how to do it well.D. Because it’s a good way to know more people interested in it.13.A. You can expect to do woodworking perfectly the very first time.B. Doing woodworking means being alone for long.C. You can also learn from other people interested in woodworking.D. Taking a class in woodworking costs a lot of money.【答案】11. B 12. C 13. C【解析】Woodworking is the art of crafting things out of wood and people have been known to make sculptures, cabinets and statues. Anyone can take up this craft but it doesn’t mean you will be good at it. Like anything else, unless you have a natural talen t, you have to practice at it. So, don’t get discouraged if your first try doesn’t come out like you had hoped; you can’t expect to get it perfectly the very first time. Keep trying and you should be a woodworking master in no time at all.If you’ve always wanted to get into woodworking but didn’t know how to go about it, you’re not alone. This is a pastime that many want to have, but don’t know what to do or what materials to use. If this is the case, all you have to do is to take a class on woodworking. I f you think that you won’t be able to find a class on this art, you’re wrong. It’s more popular than you realize and classes are offered pretty much worldwide. So, check your phone book or look up classes on the internet for your specific city or country. The fees for this type of class will vary and are determined by the skill level and how long the class will run. If you’ve never tried your hand at woodworking before, start at the beginner level.Once you’ve been woodworking for a little while, you should attend one of the workshops held for people interested in this art. Once there, you will meet people that share your same interests and you will learn new ways at perfecting this craft. You should also look these workshops up on the internet and find out dates and locations so you can signup. You will probably make new friends and increase your skill level at woodworking. What could be better than that?Questions:11.What’s this passage mainly about?12.Why should you take a class in woodworking?13.Which of the following statements is TRUE?11. 略12. 略13. 略Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.音频14.A. To analyze causes and effects of using a credit card.B. To encourage people to borrow money from banks.C. To let people know the responsibility in using a credit card.D. To present the effect of computers in popularizing the use of credit cards.15.A. The development of computers.B. People’s greediness for more money.C. People’s needs for less paper money.D. People’s le arning to be more responsible.16.A. To learn to be responsible by using credit cards.B. To stop using credit cards and borrow money from friends or relatives.C. To pay money back as fast as possible after using credit cards.D. To stop borrowing money and use your own funds for shopping.【答案】14. A 15. A 16. D【解析】In the United States, the debt levels of Americans have continued to increase since the 1980s. It was during this time that the use of credit cards greatly increased. Credit cards companies begin looking for different ways to market their products to consumers, and used such things as direct mail, commercials, and other marketing strategies.It was during the 1980s that consumers begin moving away from cash and checks into credit cards. The cause of thisis often attributed to the start of the information age. As the use of computers became more widespread, credit cards quickly followed. It is estimated that the number of people using credit cards during this time surpassed those who were using checks and cash in a single year.Statistics show that the average American consumer owes about $9,000 in credit card debt. Many people have made the mistake of thinking that they are using their own money when they use credit cards to make purchases. It is easy to forget that this money is owned by the credit card companies, and they are simply allowing you to borrow it, with the promise you will pay it back. The average interest rate owed on credit cards in the US is about 14%.It is easy to view credit cards as being “easy money.” After all, you don't have to work for it, and it doesn't have the same effect on you that cash has. Statistics show that people have a tendency to spend the money of others much faster than their own.Though we live in an electronic age, being irresponsible with your credit cards is a great way to end up with a life time of headaches. Many high quality jobs now require you to have good credit, and it is difficult to get a house or a car if you have poor credit. This is why it pays to be responsible with how you manage your finances. It is best to stop borrowing money and use your own funds to make purchases.Questions:14.What’s the purpose of this passage?15.Why did the use of credit cards increase according to the passage?16.What’s the writer’s suggestion as to using credit cards?14. 略15. 略16. 略Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.音频17.A. A newspaper.B. An advertisement company.C. A cleanup company.D. A market.18.A. She wants to spare more room for something new.B. She wants to turn their old stuff into cash at a low cost.C. She knows that the sales consultant before the man does.D. She just wants to clean up their house.19.A. Rudy is likely to buy their stuff.B. Rudy will come and take their stuff away.C. Rudy plays guitar as well as the man.D. Rudy will help them with the ad and the sale.20.A. His old guitar.B. Their appliances, jewelry, furniture and exercise equipment.C. The spring cleanup sale.D. The low cost of ad and friendly service.【答案】17. A 18. B 19. D 20. D【解析】What is the man most in M: Honey? What’s all our stuff doing in the driveway?W: It’s a Newsday spring cleanup sale. For only $19.95 we can put a two-line classified ad in Newsday for seven days. And with over two million readers...we’ll get results fast.M: Two lines, all additions, for only $19.95? That’s more than 50% savings off their regular rate. But if Newsday is having a clean-up sale, why does our driveway look like a market?W: Because there’s never been a better time for us to turn the things we don’t use into cash we can use.M: You mean appliances, jewelry, furniture, exercise equipment?W: Even your old guitar.M: Two lines, all additions, for only $19.95...are you sure?W: Of course I’m sure. I called Rudy.M: Who’s Rudy?W: He’s a classified Newsday sales consultant. He was really nice, and helpful.M: More than 50% off, and friendly service? Newsday really does have all we need.W: Yeah. Here is my two-line ad: Cleanup with Newsday. Family stuff, including appliances, jewelry and furniture. Call us at 516-843-3000.M: That sounds great.Questions:17.What is Newsday?18.Why does the woman want to sell their stuff?19.What do you learn about Rudy?20.terested in?17. 略18. 略19. 略20. 略II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it _____21_____ it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is absolutely dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as tough a training to become a performer as a medical student needs______22______（become） a doctor. Most training isconcerned_____23_____ technique, for musicians have to be as muscularly skillful as an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords（声带）would be inadequatewithout______24______（control） muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow back and forth with the right arm,______25______ are two entirely different movements.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists _____26_____（spare）this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, and it is the piano tuner’s responsibility to tune the instrument for______27______ . But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string must be dealt with carefully not to sound like drum or bass, and each tone, even if played very fast, has to sound clear.The problem______28______（face） student conductors is that they have to learn to know every note of the music and______29______ it should sound, and they need to aim at controlling these sound with enthusiastic but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music______30______they can enjoy performing works written in any century.【答案】21. until/before22. to become23. with24. controlled25. which26. are spared27. them28. facing29. how30. that【解析】本文主要考查学生在实际语境中英语的运用。
2024年上海市各区高三语文二模试卷【诗歌鉴赏题】汇集练附答案解析
2024年上海市各区高三语文二模试卷【诗歌鉴赏题】汇集练2024届上海市嘉定区高三二模语文试卷（三）（8分）阅读下面的诗歌，完成下面小题。
歌风台（明）祝允明①掉臂②长安市，遥从日边来。
因过芒砀③下，步上歌风台。
沛公善任使，猛士亡其骸。
帝业袖手成，慷慨襟抱开。
大风飞云亦壮哉。
韩彭英卢④相继死，寄命寺人髀股⑤间，未央⑥志气拉飒⑦摧。
相望千年余，安能为之哀。
明朝放舟淮浦去，项王韩侯⑧祠下亦徘徊。
【注释】①祝允明：明代书法家，号枝山，与唐寅、文徵明、徐祯卿并称。
②掉臂：自在行游貌。
③芒砀：芒山、砀山的合称。
在今安徽省砀山县东南，与河南省永城县接界。
④韩彭英卢：淮阴侯韩信、梁王彭越、淮南王英布、燕王卢绾，皆造反而死。
⑤寺人髀股：古代宫中的近侍小臣。
多以阉人充任。
髀：大腿，音bì。
刘邦曾居宫中不出，樊哙闯入见刘邦以宦官腿为枕躺着。
⑥未央：宫殿名。
故址在今陕西西安市西北。
汉高帝七年建，常为朝见之处。
⑦拉飒：如杂乱芜秽之物。
⑧项王韩侯：项王：项羽；韩侯：韩信。
12.出版社编辑准备为收录本诗的作品集拟制一个名称，你认为下列不妥当的是（）A.《明清古体诗选粹》B.《吴中四才子律绝》C.《枝山歌行菁华录》D.《明人咏史诗大全》13.下面对于这首诗歌理解和分析正确的一项是（）A.刘邦能够轻松取得如大风飞云般伟大帝业，关键在于用人与杀伐。
B.随着开国将帅们一个个地死去，留下的人奴颜婢膝，当初志气不再。
C.借刘邦《大风歌》和汉初人物史事，深沉感慨，尽情抒发兴亡之感。
D.这首诗歌从古人写到今人，由前朝写到今世，风格沉郁，语言顿挫。
14.请联系诗歌内容与注释，鉴赏诗歌最后两句所表达的思想情感。
【答案】12. B 13. C14.两句的意思是诗人要乘坐小舟去凭吊一下项羽和韩信的祠堂。
刘邦成功后杀掉了造反的开国元勋，躲在宫里与太监厮混，雄风志气丧失。
诗人凭吊完记念刘邦事业的歌风台，再去凭吊被刘邦打败的项羽和韩信。
此二句，意蕴含蓄而深远：帝业的成败在于既在于善于用人，也在于励精图治，应当认真总结那些王朝竞争失败者的教训。
2017年上海青浦区高考语文二模--2017.04.21
青浦区2016学年高三年级第二次学业质量调研测试语文试卷（时间150分钟，分值150分）2017年4月第一部分积累运用（10分）1. 按要求填空（5分）（1）_______________，任重而道远。
（《论语·泰伯》）（2）望西都，_________，伤心秦汉经行处。
《【中吕】__________·潼关怀古》（3）杜甫《登高》“无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来”一联，由空间开拓视野，由时间驰骋想象，营造了开阔悠远、囊括宇宙的境界；杜甫《登楼》中用相似手法写出相似境界的一联是“____________，____________________。
”2. 按要求选择（5分）（1）一位同学要在“高三毕业典礼”上表达愿景，下列适合在发言中引用的一项是（）。
（2分）A. 桐花万里丹山路，雏凤清于老凤声。
B. 长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。
C. 东隅已逝，桑榆非晚。
D. 试玉要烧三日满，辨材须待七年期。
（2）某电视台邀请一对父子艺术家为嘉宾：老艺术家曾接受过该台采访，而此次未能前来。
电视台主持人对年轻艺术家说的开场白，得体的一项是（）。
（3分）A. 我上次曾采访过您父亲，家父对当今影视作品的高论，令人钦佩不已。
B. 我上次访谈您父亲，亲聆先贤对当今影视作品的高论，令人钦佩不已。
C. 令尊曾光临本台，老人家对当今影视作品的真知灼见，令人钦佩不已。
D. 我曾垂询令尊对当今影视作品的看法，他的真知灼见，令人钦佩不已。
第二部分阅读（70分）（一）阅读下文，完成第3-8题。
（16分）给孩子一个适合的诗词读本钟锦①我的老师叶嘉莹先生选编了一本《给孩子的古诗词》，这本书出版后反响极好，出版社很快又推出一个“讲诵版”，并且附有二维码，扫描后可以听到先生自己的吟诵和讲解。
这些讲诵有人在微信圈里转，我顺手点开了陈子昂《登幽州台歌》的一首，一听之下即为叫绝。
急忙买回，用了两天时间通读一遍，引起了我对“给孩子”的思考。
2017届上海高三徐汇区语文一模试卷word版含答案汇总
2017年徐汇区高三一模语文试题一积累应用10分1. 填空题。
（5分）（1）宋词有借助意象写秋的，如柳永《雨霖铃》首句“”，李清照《声声慢》下阕首句“”；有直接写秋的，如辛弃疾《水龙吟•登建康赏心亭》开篇句“”。
（3分）（2）不少成语出自经典作品，如“豁然开朗”出自《》，“”源自《秋水》中河伯自省被有学问的人耻笑。
（2分）2.选择题。
（5分）（1）你乘游轮“夜游浦江”时想用诗句描述所见美景分享到微信“朋友圈”，下列最贴切的一项是（）。
（1分）A.灯火万家城四畔，星河一道水中央。
B. 旌旗环水次，舟楫泛中流。
C. 河流宛转绕芳甸，月照花林皆似霰。
D. 星垂平野阔，月涌大江流。
（2）电影《刮痧》讲述了一个发生在美国的故事。
中国人许大同的儿子丹尼斯发烧，家人用中医刮痧疗法给丹尼斯治病，。
法庭上，面对控方律师嘲讽似的提问及对中国传统医学的“误读”，许大同感到百口莫辩。
①填入上面语段空缺处最恰当的一项是（）。
（2分）A. 虽然孩子病好了但许大同被指控。
B. 因为此事许大同被指控虐待了孩子。
C. 这成了许大同虐待孩子的证据被指控。
D. 许大同因为虐待孩子被指控。
②下列为控方律师设计了提问，最贴切情境的一项是（）（2分）A. 许先生，刮痧疗法怎么没能治好中国那些东亚病夫？B. 许先生，难道丹尼斯背上的印痕是你爱孩子的吻印吗？C. 许先生，你说“经脉穴位”能治病，能解释一下吗？D. 许先生，你就是靠这种野蛮治病方法活到今天的吗？二阅读70分（一）阅读下面文字与图表，完成第3--7题。
（15分）材料一①现如今，城市人在选择出行工具时颇费思量，私家车自由但相对价格高，公交巴士便宜但自由度低，还要从地铁站到家或公司“最后一公里”的麻烦，而共享单车有其优势。
近来，一款颇具设计感的小橙车共享“摩拜单车”出现在上海、北京的街头，成为朋友圈里热刷的对象。
②单车共享作为分享经济的一种模式，其实在国内并不是新鲜事。
成立于2014年，覆盖全国众多高校的ofo单车共享平台瞄准了闲置单车资源，将校园内废弃的单车与学生捐赠的单车经过改装机器锁、号码牌、涂装颜色后投放市场。