斯嘉丽的女性主义解读
女性主义视角下斯嘉丽
女性主义视角下斯嘉丽•奥哈拉的性格特点中文摘要1926年，美国著名作家玛格丽特·米歇尔创作了《飘》，耗时近十年才得以出版。
《飘》是一部表现美国南北战争前后旧南方人们生活及心理变化的爱情小说。
尽管那个时代男女不平等，《飘》中的妇女却展示了和男性一样甚至胜于男性的勇气和智慧。
这本小说表现了早期的女性独立意识。
尤其是女主人公斯嘉丽·奥哈拉,她创立了新女性形象。
一方面斯嘉丽拥有着男性梦想中女性的美丽的容颜，另一方面，斯嘉丽勇敢又聪明，当陷入困境，她站起来保护她的家人和朋友。
在对抗主流价值观和追求女性自身权益和地位的过程中，斯嘉丽·奥哈拉拥有了早期的女性主义意识。
女性主义意识是实现女性独立的重要因素，基于这一主题，本文以玛格丽特·米歇尔的著名小说《飘》为蓝本分析其女主人公斯嘉丽·奥哈拉，主要从斯嘉丽·奥哈拉女性主义意识的特点入手。
法国著名作家西蒙·德·波伏娃曾说：“女人不是生成的，而是造就的。
”通过分析，本文得出了一个结论：只有在不同的关系中保持独立的人格并互相帮助，女性才能在社会上获得平等的地位。
关键词：玛格丽特·米歇尔，《飘》，斯嘉丽，女性意识觉醒，独立。
ContentsAcknowledgements........................................... 错误！未定义书签。
Abstract................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
Chinese Abstract .. (III)1 Introduction (5)2 Theoretical Foundations (6)2.1 Feminism theory (6)2.1.2 The Original of Feminism (8)2.1.3 The Development of Feminism (9)2.2 Major Feminism Characters in Gone with the Wind (12)3 The Feminism Characteristics of Scarlett O’Hara (12)3.1 The Growth background of Scarlett O’Hara (13)3.2 Different Scarlett with Feminism (13)3.2.1 Pursuit of love (13)3.2.2 Strong Will in War (16)3.2.3 Ardently Love for Land (16)3.2.4 Requirements for female Right (18)3.3 Relative People in the Foundation of Scarlett’s Feminism (18)3.3.1 Ellen O’Hara (19)3.3.2 Melanie Hamilton (20)4 The incompleteness of Scarlett’s Feminism (21)4.1 The Lack of Discourse Right (22)4.2 The Lack of Rational Thinking (22)5 Conclusions (23)Notes (25)Bibliography (26)The Character of Scarlett O’Hara from the Perspective of Feminism1 IntroductionAs Gone with the Wind is the plot foundation this thesis, so at the beginning, I would give an introduction to the writer of this novel. Margaret Mitchell is one of the most famous American women writers. She was born in a middle-class family in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1900. Her mother was a well educated suffragette supporting for women's vote right. Her father was a lawyer who was known for his intelligence and punctiliousness in Atlanta. When Margaret was just a young child, she enjoyed writing and listening the veteran's talking about stories of the War Between the States. In 1929, she accomplished her only novel Gone with the Wind, which took name from Ernst Dawson’s poetry <sum qualís eram bonae sub regno Cynarae> ‘I have forgot much, Cynara! gone with the wind’. [2] In Gone with the Wind, Scarlett, the heroine of the novel, was a self-centered girl who possess the characteristic of feminism consciousness. Taking feminine as its theoretical framework, this thesis tries to find out its feminism connotations in the narration of Gone with the Wind.There are three main research methods of this thesis: literature research method, qualitative analysis method, and experiential summary method. Through analysis the charact er of Scarlett O’Hara from the perspective of feminism, I have a full sight of female. In some way, understanding feminism can help female to recognize themselves, and enhance their confident and esteem.This thesis consists of five parts. First is introduction. It mainly introduces the writer of Gone with the Wind, Margaret Mitchell, the main research methods, and the significance of thesis. Second is the theoretical foundation. It talks about the definition, original and development of feminism. Third is talking the feminism characteristics of Scarlett O’Hara from three aspects. Fourth is talking the incompl eteness of Scarlett’s Feminism from two aspects. In the end, it is conclusion.2 Theoretical Foundations2.1 Feminism theoryFeminism theory is the extension of feminism in theory and philosophy category. It seeks to understand the nature of gender inequality. It was observed among social role, experience, interests, and political participation of female in many academic fields, such as anthropology, sociology, communication studies, psychoanalysis, literature, economics, education and philosophy. Feminism theory emphasizes the analysis of gender inequality. Feminism exploration themes include discrimination, materialized, oppression, patriarchal, prejudice, art history, contemporary art and aesthetics.2.1.1 The Definition of Feminism and its CharactersDifferent people have different views on feminism. In terms of opponents, feminism was often regards as such concepts that held by those extreme, rigid, deviant woman. There are also many kinds of opinions in feminism. The representatives opinions are as follow: first of all, feminism is a theory which based on gender equality. It objected that any female suffer discrimination of any form from society, individual or economic, and requires equal rights for women. Secondly, feminism is political struggle which aim at improving the social, political and economic status of women. Thirdly, feminism is a kind of ideological, and its basic goal is to eliminate discrimination for female and overthrow the male domination of society. Fourthly, feminism refers to a social movement against oppression of women. Feminist are any people who devote themselves to those social movements.In some authoritative dictionaries of Western society, feminism mainly has the following several definitions. Firstly, feminism refers to the principle that women should have equal rights in the political, economic and social with men. This includes two meanings: on the one hand, feminists should recognize that women suffered the inequality and injustice treatment which made them feel helplessness and depress from society. The fundamental purpose of feminism is to eliminate those inequalitiesby taking political act. One the other hand, feminism should recognize the value and concepts of themselves and know their contribution to culture. Secondly, feminism is to explore the social life, philosophy and ethics, and devote themselves to correct the prejudice which causes oppression and contempt for women. Thirdly, Feminism advocates female should have all the citizens rights including the equality in society, politic, and economy the same as men. Fourthly, Women's liberation movement, also known as the feminist movement, is a social movement for pursuing women's equal rights, requiring the same social status as men and the right to freely choose their own career and lifestyle. [3]From the above analysis, it is obvious that the feminism definition actually consists of three aspects: politic, theory and practice. In the political aspect, the feminist thought the inequality between men and women is a question of political power, so feminism is a kind of political struggle which aimed at improving the status of women, with the ultimate goal of eliminating gender inequality and all inequalities, promote equality, cooperation and harmony between gender and interpersonal. In the theoretical aspect, feminism is a new viewing angle to understand the world, society and human, emphasizing gender equality, agreeing with women's sense of worth, doctrine or methodological principle. Its goal is not abstract knowledge, but a concrete knowledge that can be used to guide feminist political practice. In the practical aspect, feminism is a social movement for women's liberation.According to the definition of feminism, we can sum up some characteristics of feminism. Firstly, feminism is flowing and changing. Feminism is not an independent science in the traditional sense from the beginning; it is not only in existing sciences, but also beyond them. It was once known as non-academic politics with view but no theory and methods. Feminism research is always closely linked to the development of other disciplines. Secondly, feminism is historical. No matter it is ideological revolution or social movement, the goal of feminism is still to liberate women, it developed with the process of women's emancipation. Its historic reflects in different historical mission of different ages and societies. Thirdly, feminism is notonly a abstract ideology, but also a specific political platform and political strategy. All kinds of feminism have its own political. Feminism is a strategy and a life principle which decide our thinking and action. Fourth, feminism is diverse. Women in different societies and circumstances have different understanding of their needs, a single feminism can not explain such difference, and no one can have the authority to define feminism. The difference of feminism is also its rich, healthy and dynamic characterization. Fifth, feminism is worldwide. It aimed to liberate women out of all forms of oppression and promote the solidarity among women in all countries. Sixth feminism is a national, it aimed at combining the various of country-specific cultural and economic conditions to consider the strategies of women's liberate.2.1.2 The Original of FeminismThe rise of feminism movement in Western society has its specific context. Then the social status of women in Europe is very low. Before the seventeenth century, women who married in the United Kingdom can not to mention what the basic rights of, unless her husband give her right voluntarily; when her husband is still alive, she and her property is just the personal pleasure of her husband entirely. In some countries, if the husband died without a testament, the property of the woman will be given to her husband's relatives, but not to her or her children. Such as the British Christian churches said: "A woman should obey the will of man, and man is her master.” That is, women can not live according to the will of her, leaving the man she can not do anything or everything can not be accomplished by her. She should do what men has done, and serve a man as a master. She should also be afraid of man, belong to man and obey the man.Previous history of feminism can be traced back to a long time ago. The earliest feminists committed to the so-called "woman problem", they criticized the role which limited women, but they did not necessarily think that women are weak, or man should be condemned because of it. In the view of modern philosophy and social movement, feminism usually originates from the Age of Enlightenment thinkers of the 18th century. Such as Mary Wollstonecraft's book "A Vindication of the Rights ofWoman: with Strictures on Political and Moral Subjects" is one of the few works which can be called feminism in the 18th century. In this book, Wollstonecraft fights back against those political theorists in 18th-century who attempt to deny female education. She believes that women’s education levels should be commensurate with their social status. She advocates a country must have women, because women educated their children and they can become a "partner" of their husband rather than his wife. Wollstonecraft also advocates: women as human beings should enjoy the same fundamental rights as men, and should not be treated as an ornament or a property in marriage transactions. She believes men and women are responsible for this situation, and that women should have a lot of power more than men is a matter of course. This is not to say that there are not much earlier other writings on gender equality. For example, the mysterious philosopher Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa wrote a book The Declamation on the Nobility and Preeminence of the Female Sex in the 1529.Feminism gradually transformed into an organized social movement in the 19th century, because more and more people believe women in a male-centered society suffered unequal treatment. Feminism movement rooted in the Western progressivism, especially in the reform movement of the 19th century. Time of organized movements is from the first feminism conference which was held in Seneca Falls in 1848.2.1.3 The Development of FeminismDepending on the different concerns of feminism theory, the development of feminism can be divided into two waves: early feminism movement and the new feminism movement. Early feminism movement emerged in the mid-19th century, which is deeply rooted in social and political life of the country. Feminism movement of this period believe that the value of women can be fully demonstrated in the public domain, it encourages women to enter the public sphere, requires freedom and equality rights of women which are mainly the three equalities: economic equality, political equality and professional equality, and fight for women's suffrage.The new feminism movement refers to the feminist movement emerged in 1960s, feminism ofthis generation affected by Marxism and the new leftist ideology, emphasizing the differences and uniqueness, no longer treat the relationship between men and women as a relationship between two individuals, and began to throw out a challenge for the social ideology which lead women to a disadvantage status and gender bias in language, law and philosophy. The new generation of feminists not only tries to recognize the situation of women from social politics and economic reasons, but also search the oppression of women as oppressed groups. They stressed that the purpose of the emancipation of women is not like the struggle for social equality that prompt women to survive like a man, but to develop a new, female proprietary language, law, philosophy and mythology. The core of new feminism movement is complete difference feminism --- women's liberation movement. It is a radical, left-wing, socialism feminism, it rejected the idea of equality with men, and take a place of emphasizing the liberation of all oppressed people.Feminism can be roughly divided into several factions since the 1960s.First is Liberal Feminism. Liberal feminism is influenced by liberal political theory. the theory thought rationality is the common nature of human. Individual has the value beyond all things because of natural endowments and individual potential and it is equal between people. Personal freedom was made possible because the individual recognize the freedom of others and restrict their right under the premise of equality, not to harm others. Feminist considered the reason why women suffer oppression is that a series of social traditions and legal repressed women's potential. This hindered social progress. Thus, Liberal Feminism fight for the rights of women and eliminating discrimination against women in law and social habits, such as the right to vote, individual property rights, the right to education and the right to equal employment opportunities, etc.Second is Marxist feminism.Marxist feminism agrees with Engels's view of the origin of gender inequality, they thought women's oppression is accompanied by the appearance of private ownership. As privatization, wealth is concentrated in a small number of people, almost all men initially, it leads to the generation of class andwomen enslaved situation. This class oppression and gender oppression are manifested the capitalism and imperialism in contemporary. Oppression of women is not only caused by patriarchy, which is men prevail over women, but also the product of the capitalist system itself. If all women are liberated, capitalism must be replaced with socialism, productions must be owned by the whole people, and productive forces must be liberated. So that women got economic independence in men, liberation.Third is radical feminism.Radical f eminism denied liberal feminism’s view on the causes of women's oppression is the lack of political and civil rights, and opposed to the Marxist feminism’s view on the causes of women's oppression is class oppression perspective. They tried to explain much social oppression with gender oppression, and thought the root cause of women's oppression is based on the existence of patriarchy which is characterized by power, domination, and hierarchy. Women want to be truly liberated, it is not enough to destroy the legal and political structure of this system, but also destroy its social and cultural structures, including the family, the community and schools.In addition to critiquing patriarchy, while Radical feminism were also trying to find the ideal gender roles. In the early 1970s, due to considering the gender system is a cause of oppression, many people advocate a neutral culture to replace the original distinction between the two poles of the sexes. In an ideal society, there should be no difference between men and women.Forth is postmodern feminism. Postmodern feminism regards ideological emancipation as the most fundamental women liberation, and opposes to turn the feminism theory into rigid dogma. They emphasize the difference in women's class, racial, cultural and ethnic and pay attention to the concept of difference and otherness. Postmodern feminism requires women in the Third World to care about the development of feminism, they advocates establishing a global network. However, the question of how to combine the differences and commonality is still the most important challenges for the postmodern feminism.Feminism, as an active force in contemporary society, promotes the socialprogress and human development, especially has made an indelible contribution for the global women's liberation. Meanwhile the feminism as a new spirit has integrated into the society, culture, politics, economy, and history etc., and enriched the human spirit culture.2.2 Major Feminism Characters in Gone with the WindThe degree of female individuality and self-realization is a symbol of the rise of feminism. In the traditional concept of society, men are the center of social activity, while women just a foil, women always stand behind the men. However, with the changes in society and the development of the times, women’s feminism consciousnesses are slowly awakening.In Gone with the Wind,though the Southern women suffered repression, they were not ignorant vulnerable groups. They propped up the South civilization and Southern plantation economy with their love, wisdom and tenacity and proved that they were fully capable of going out of home and getting rid of the male accessory social status. Their feminism consciousness reflected in the pursuit of love and the revolt of arranged marriages, in addition the rise of strong female in the war represent women's pursuit of autonomy.The intense and complex feminism consciousness in this novel focused on Scarlett’s pursuit for love, money and career. Feminism consciousness of Scarlett experiences a transformation process from immaturity to maturity. Scarlett did not succumb to the shackles of propriety, boldly pursuing her happiness, gender equality, personal and economic independence. Such a process is also the process of feminism’s growing up.3 The Feminism Characteristics of Scarlett O’HaraUndoubtedly，Scarlett is the special one in Gone With the Wind. In this chapter,I will tell the characters of Scarlett O’Hara detailed from the Perspective of Feminism.3.1 The Growth background of Scarlett O’HaraScarlett was born in the Southern plantation before the Civil War. Georgia is a newly reclaimed land of red, industrial civilization hasn’t deep into this land, planting and picking cotton are the whole life of local residents. Here it is elegant and gorgeous in the surface, with the remnant shadow of the age of chivalry, however women lived in the red land, as delicate flowers, closely depend on men, and become male world's decorations. They suffer double oppression from their own and men, and because of the subordinate social status, they can not dominate their lives.Scarlett's father Ge rald O’Hara is an immigrant of Irish, who became a lucrative plantation owner from scratch by Starting a Business. Her mother Ellen O’Hara was born in a notable and gentility family in the coastal city of Savannah. Scarlett not only inherited her father characters of forthright, rough, sloppy, and bad-temper, but also influenced by her mother who paid attention to family education and moral values. Growing up with good education, charming appearance and intelligent mind, she was envied by the other girl in this town.In the troubled times of Southern plantation, she turned a little spoiled princess from a noble family into a mature strong women day by day.3.2 Different Scarlett with FeminismThe heroine Scarlett is the representation of rising female, the author placed the expectation and confidence for women on her. Obviously Scarlett is a brave fighter in the mid-19th century Southern society. She broke through the heavy yoke of the female and showed out women’s dazzling style. Scarlett is no longer the traditional women who just choose to swallow when suffered oppression, taking the place of showing women’s courage and determination through seeking her own values and fighting for the right herself.3.2.1 Pursuit of loveLove is an essential part of the world of human emotions. In the process of a person's mental and physical maturity, production of love has more natural property, but how to deal with such emotion subjected to the complex and rich factors between individual and society. One of the great thinkers once said that: “the same word of love, for man and woman, it has two different meanings. For a man, it may be the control of woman, or the way to enhance him. However for a woman, love is giving up herself, love is the ultimate unconditional goal, and love is all the devotion of body and soul.” In love, Scarlett is always the queen. She stands high above a crowed of suitors who willing to subservience, except for Ashley Wilkes. As a simple girl, Scarlett has her own pursuit of ideal love. Love and marriage plays a very important role in the emotional world of Scarlett.Scarlett's love is very bumpy. An important reason is she fell in love with Ashley Wilkes, a man she should not love. Ashley Wilkes is not only a typical gentleman, but also a tradition aristocracy in the Southern society. Scarlett's love for Ashley Wilkes, although with girl’s innocent, it also largely contained the side of greed, vanity, and aggressive. At the picnic of Twelve Oaks, when Scarlett knew the true news which Ashley Wilkes would marry with Melanie sooner or later, for the love of Ashley Wilkes, she broke up ethics and modesty and showed her love for Ashley Wilkes on her own initiative. But beyond expectation, she was rejected by Ashley Wilkes. She was shocked and puzzled. In Scarlett views, Melanie just an unattractive girl with a small body, how can Melanie compete with her? Obviously, Scarlett just regarded the love of man and women as a simple contest of appearance. At the same time, she was convinced that Ashley loves her, which shows the great blindness of her love. It should be said that Scarlett's love for Ashley is quite complex, warm but vanity, obsession but selfish. The more she could not with Ashley, the more she wanted to get him. It shows Scarlett’s ex tremely possessive. When she felt thoroughly disappointed, she turned the love to hate. In order to take revenge on Ashley, the man who gave up her love, and make him sad, Scarlett decided to marry with Ashley Wilkes’wife Melanie Hamilton Wilkes’ brother Charles Hamilton, though she didn’t love him at all. After Ashley married with Melanie, Scarlett was still trying to get Ashley’s love. Charles became a very sad substitute and victim. When Charles died in the war, Scarlett did not show any sadness and nostalgia, even did not care about it. On the contrary, she had an urge to know Ashley’s news. She also went to the dancing party,to chat with the other men. In addition, about love Scarlett still has a very persistent side. In order to faithfully fulfill her promise to Ashley, taking care of Melanie, Scarlett paid a great price. Scarlett's first marriage ended in this way.Scarlett's second marriage was she married with her sister's boyfriend Frank Kennedy. This marriage can be considered to be a non-moral choice as being forced by life. The family trauma and poverty caused by the war hit Scarlett severely. Scarlett felt that she had to face life, to meet the challenge. So she put an unscrupulous target in her sister's boyfriend, a relatively wealthy man, and stole him. In Scarlett’s opinion, marriage can be used, can be regarded as the material basis for the protection of life. So she didn’t put any emotions in this marriage, money is the sole purpose. It vividly demonstrated Scarlett’s greed, ruthless and se lfish.The third marriage was the most memorable one, and it can reflect the feeling world of Scarlett. This time, Scarlett married with Rhett Butler, a visitor from Charleston. He was described as a black sheep, who was expelled from West Point and was not received by any family with reputation in the whole of Charleston, and perhaps all of South Carolina. The first time Rhett met Scarlett at the Twelve Oaks Plantation barbecue, he couldn’t help to falling in love with Scarlett. Rhett was indulgent, cynical, both speculative and gentleman. He and Scarlett are surprisingly similar at confident, cruel, and greedy. Perhaps as they were the same kind of people, Rhett paid true love for Scarlett. Rhett secretly hopes that Scarlett will eventually return the love he's had since the day he saw her at Twelve Oaks. Sadly, Scarlett turned a blind eye to Rhett's love for her. For Scarlett, this combination of them was also completely for the money. Her continuing affection for Ashley Wilkes becomes a problem for the couple. When Rhett knew that Scarlett could never be happy without Ashley, he chose to leave. He does not want to be around when she throws her obsession onto him. But then, by Melanie’s death, Scarlett had a rude awakening: Ashley never really loved her, but Rhett was the man who really loved her. However it was too late to find that, Rhett had gone. Scarlett told herself: Home. I’ll go home. And I’ll think of some way to get him back. After all, tomorrow is another day. It is the spirit of never giving up.The third marriage of Scarlett was also failed. Compared with the previous two marriages, this marriage has some factors of love apart from the utilitarian purpose in the surface. The essence is the attraction of soul between each other, that is to say, shefinally found true love. She finally realized that the thing most worth for pursuing in life is not money, not a success but love. It was completely different from the spirit love of Ashley, because it achieved a combination of body and soul.3.2.2 Strong Will in WarWar led to Scarlett’s female consciousness. Because of the war, economic collapsed in South, its civilization and moral customs also fell apart, losing the original restraints. After the Civil War, Scarlett’s mother died, her father lost himself, without food and source of income, faced all of those Scarlett quickly abandoned the noble lady's effeminacy. She grew up in the grim life. She no longer maintained the noble lady’s demeanor. She told herself: “As God as my witness...as god as my witness they’re not going to lick me. I’m going to live through this and when it’s all over, I’ll never be hungry again. No, nor any of my folk. If I have to lie, steal, cheat, or kill, as God as my witness, I’ll never be hungry again.” [4]In order to survive, she had to do the milking and cook in person, and walked the fields picking cotton. For the sake of finding a way to protect her home - Tara, she went into Atlanta bravely. With the purpose of her family, Scarlett broke through social barriers which set for women, and struggled for her career like men. When Scarlett was still young, she got the traditional concept of education, that man could do everything, but a woman could not have any talent. But she had full confidence in her ability after she overcame the trouble in the war. She started to have doubt about the social customs which made women depress. Especially when she found that, as a businessman, Frank was lack of businessman mind, which led to the store a complete mess. She was suspicious of m an’s power and had a confidence of her own ability. Then Scarlett thought that: “Why, I could run this store better than he does! And I could run a mill better than he could, even if I don’t know anything about the lumber business.” She took actions to achieve her idea. It shows her intelligent and brave.3.2.3 Ardently Love for LandIn the emotional world of Scarlett, Tara is in a very important status. In fact, Scarlett's "Tara Complex" is throughout the whole story. After Scarlett heard Ashley。
解读《飘》中的女性主义范本1份
解读《飘》中的女性主义范本1份解读《飘》中的女性主义 1第一爱情女主人公斯嘉丽对爱情的不懈追求一直是小说的灵魂和主线。
从斯嘉丽面对爱情的态度来看也淋漓尽致地展现出这位新女性与当时的社会文化所推崇的主流价值观是格格不入的。
美国南方以教养礼仪著称，从懂事起，孩子们便被教育成彬彬有礼的绅士和温柔优雅的淑女。
为了使女孩长大后成为符合社会规范的贤妻良母，父母们真是煞费苦心且绝对没有丝毫姑息迁就的余地。
从一直贴身照顾斯嘉丽的黑妈妈身上就可以很清楚的看到这一点，在参加宴会前黑妈妈要求斯嘉丽吃东西，因为淑女在宴会上吃得越少越被认为有教养，而且当黑妈妈知道斯嘉丽爱着已经快要结婚的艾西利时觉得斯嘉丽简直犯了大忌，完全在挑战她的道德底线。
在当时的传统中，女性应该是温柔的，被动的，矜持的淑女。
而我们的女主人公斯嘉丽完全粉碎了这幅美丽的窈窕淑女画面，而是处处展现出她的__和独特。
对于斯嘉丽追求爱情的过程中所表现出来特立独行，我们可以从以下几个阶段来看：第一，少女时期的斯嘉丽。
还在塔拉庄园无忧无虑幸福生活的斯嘉丽，是一个美丽高傲，善于社交，总是赢得很多男性追逐的美人儿。
她和其他矜持的淑女们不同，她很享受那种众星捧月被很多男性环绕的感觉，她敢跟任何一个男子调情。
在感情上，她是主动地，她享受着自己给自己创造的甜蜜。
当她知道她一直深爱着的艾西利快要结婚时，她甚至立即撕下了淑女的面具，而是不顾一切跑到艾西利面前向他表白。
这在当时来说，是一个非常大胆，颠覆传统的举动，因为没有一个淑女会主动去跟一个异性表白。
在遭到艾西利拒绝之后，斯嘉丽没有碍于女性身份而掩饰自己的愤怒，甚至打了艾西利一个巴掌。
这个巴掌也表现出斯嘉丽在爱情中敢爱敢恨，雷厉风行的作风。
她敢于大胆爱一个，更敢于大胆恨一个人。
也与她那个终身未嫁的妹妹苏埃伦形成鲜明的对比，男人变心了，她便只能坐以待毙，不敢去寻找一份新的恋情，而始终独身一人。
第二，斯嘉丽的第一次婚姻。
她的第一个丈夫是梅勒蒂的弟弟查尔斯。
女性自立与斯嘉丽的成长飘的女性主义分析
女性自立与斯嘉丽的成长飘的女性主义分析女性自立与斯嘉丽的成长——飘的女性主义分析飘，是美国作家玛格丽特·米切尔创作的一部经典文学作品，以南北战争为背景，通过讲述主人公斯嘉丽·欧哈拉的故事，展现了一个独立、坚强的女性形象。
本文将分析《飘》中体现女性自立与斯嘉丽的成长的主要方面，旨在探讨其中流淌的女性主义观点。
一、女性自立的奋斗斯嘉丽的自立精神在《飘》中得到了充分的体现。
在战争期间，男性社会角色的削弱让女性们不得不应对家庭和生活的各种挑战。
斯嘉丽在丈夫早逝后，成为一个年轻寡妇，独自面对着贫困和责任。
然而，她决心只凭自己的力量摆脱困境，不再依赖男性。
她勤劳努力，经商立足，最终成为了一个事业有成的企业家。
斯嘉丽的成功证明了女性有能力在一个充满男性主导的社会中逆袭取得成功。
她坚定的意志力不仅让她不断实现自己的目标，更让她从传统的女性角色中摆脱出来。
斯嘉丽在这个过程中经历了无数的困难和挫折，但她从未放弃，不断追求自己的价值和独立。
二、斯嘉丽的成长与自我意识觉醒斯嘉丽的成长是一个从单纯无知到自我意识觉醒的过程。
刚开始的斯嘉丽拥有传统的女性特质，她的生活围绕在忠诚与爱情之中。
然而，在战争爆发后，她被迫改变，学会了自我保护和生存。
这个过程中，斯嘉丽经历了多次失去和痛苦，也看到了人性的丑陋和冷酷。
她对传统女性角色的认知逐渐发生了转变，开始尝试不按照传统规则行事，她学会了掌握财富和权力，以此来保护自己和家人。
然而，这样的成长也让她付出了代价，她失去了很多对她来说重要的东西，包括真正的爱情和友谊。
斯嘉丽最终能够看清传统社会对女性的束缚和限制，认识到自己更加需要独立和自主。
三、女性主义观点的探讨在《飘》中，女性主义的观点得到了明确的阐释。
通过斯嘉丽的成长，我们看到了女性独立的重要性和自由选择的权利。
斯嘉丽不再满足于传统意义上的女性角色，她表达了女性渴望独立的愿望和对男权社会的批判。
作为女性主义形象的代表，斯嘉丽通过坚韧、聪明和勇敢来打破了男性对女性角色的刻板印象。
衰落男权社会里的女性命运——《飘》的女性主义解读
衰落男权社会里的女性命运——《飘》的女性主义解读摘要：《飘》中的女主人公斯嘉丽被女性主义评论者解读成一个有着强烈女性意识，敢于宣战传统男权的女性形象。
然而，纵观斯嘉丽成长的整个过程，她的一切所作所为，表面上看我行我素，与传统的男权社会规范格格不入，好像是在与那个男权社会抗争，而实际上，却不过是以一种反叛的方式在吸引男性的目光。
她一生的命运，都只能是一个男权的附属品，以叛逆反抗的自我标榜来为自己赢得一个男权的标签，在男权社会经历危机时，又是一个勇往无前地为男权呐喊，为男权战斗的“女英雄”。
斯嘉丽的命运，是一个在战争背景下，一个正在衰落的男权社会里已经将男权价值标准内化了的女人的悲剧命运。
关键词：衰落男权；女性命运；塑造；内化；重建一直以来，《飘》中的女主人公斯嘉丽都被女性主义评论者解读成一个“女英雄”形象，她不甘平庸，开拓进取，凭着坚忍不拔的精神和聪明才智，在乱世风云中按照自己的需求来选择生活方式，是一个有着强烈女性意识，敢于宣战传统男权的女性。
然而，纵观斯嘉丽成长的整个过程，她的一切所作所为，表面上看我行我素，与传统的男权社会规范格格不入，好像是在与那个男权社会抗争，而实际上，却不过是以一种反叛的方式在吸引男性的目光。
她一生的命运，自从少女时代在塔拉庄园受了16年标准的“淑女”教育开始，就已经注定。
16年的“淑女”教育，不仅在她心中打下了深深的男权价值标准的烙印，并且不知不觉地内化成了她的一种性格。
这种性格终其一生都在牵引左右着斯嘉丽，让她在战争前塔拉庄园时期为成为男权的附属而故意“叛逆”，在战争中唯利是图地选择自己的3次婚姻，在战争后，更是不择手段地为了保护塔拉——那个已经被战争摧毁了的、曾经辉煌过的男权社会的象征，而奔走呼号。
斯嘉丽的命运，是一个在战争背景下，一个正在衰落的男权社会里已经将男权价值标准内化了的女人的悲剧命运。
一被塑造的少女——男权的附属在战争前短暂的安宁里，斯嘉丽在塔拉庄园心安理得地享受着种植园主家庭的闲适生活。
《飘》中的女性主义思想解析
《飘》中的女性主义思想解析19世纪时，真正意义上的女性文学才开始兴起，到了20世纪六七十年代，女性主义成为文学批评理论的一个新兴领域，同时女性主义也进入了哲?W领域，成为一种社会思潮。
而在此之前，社会的话语权一直被男性所主导。
小说《飘》于1936年诞生，符合了此时的社会趋势。
小说的主人公斯嘉丽是一位女性，小说的主线就是主人公的成长经历和转变过程。
它反映了美国内战以后佐治亚州重建时期的历史变迁，融合了爱情的浪漫和现实的写实。
作者站在女性主义的角度，剖析主人公的命运变迁及其背后的性格因素。
斯嘉丽在时代变革的大背景下，冲破了传统的偏见和“男尊女卑”的思想藩篱，与男权社会进行斗争，争取独立，是一个坚强勇敢的时代符号[1]。
一、女性主义相关理论概述关于女性主义的内涵，可谓仁者见仁，智者见智。
西蒙?波伏娃定义了女性主义是专为女性问题奋斗的主义，这种主义的斗争与阶级斗争不同。
吉尔曼认为女性主义是世界范围内女性的一种社会觉醒，它的产生有着深刻的历史与社会背景。
凯特将女性主义定义为对障碍的一种反抗，这种障碍是人为的，诸如法律或者风俗习惯，它们阻碍了女性享有应有的自由，且这种反抗是世界范围的。
女性主义虽然是世界范围的趋势，但是由于所处的文化背景等因素的不同，女性主义的流派和分支数量也是蔚为壮观的。
虽然这些流派在对女性主义的基础理论上有不同的主张，但是它们的目的是一致或者是相似的，即是对既存的男权、父权文化的批判和进一步改造[2]。
女性主义在历史演变的进程中，因其特殊性，根据主张和特征大致可以分为九大类，其中不乏有马克思主义女性主义、生态女性主义、当代社会主义女性主义等我们较为熟悉的女性主义思想理论。
这些女性主义的理论研究方向、代表观点各有侧重，但却有着相同的重要前提，那便是承认女性在世界上是一个被歧视、被压迫的群体，有着很强烈的解放欲望和必要。
二、小说《飘》中女性角色的思想简述1斯嘉丽：反叛反抗主人公斯嘉丽早在少女的时候就颇具反抗意识，尽管保姆和母亲艾伦经常对她灌输传统思想，但是往往无济于事。
电影《乱世佳人》中的女性主义解读
电影《乱世佳人》中的女性主义解读一、本文概述《乱世佳人》是一部由美国女作家玛格丽特·米切尔创作的小说，后被改编成电影，成为了一部备受赞誉的经典作品。
本文将对电影《乱世佳人》中的女性主义进行解读，探讨该电影中女性角色的塑造以及女性主义思想的体现。
电影《乱世佳人》以美国南北战争为背景，通过主人公斯嘉丽·奥哈拉的生活经历，展现了女性在战争和社会变革中的困境和抗争。
本文将首先概述电影的基本情节和主要人物，介绍斯嘉丽等女性角色的性格特点和行为表现。
接着，本文将分析电影中女性角色的塑造方式，探讨导演如何通过对女性角色的刻画来展现女性主义思想。
在电影中，女性角色不再是传统意义上的弱者，她们在困境中展现出坚韧、勇敢和智慧。
斯嘉丽就是一个典型的例子，她在战争中失去了家园和亲人，却依然坚韧不拔地生活下去，并通过自己的努力和智慧逐渐走出困境。
本文将通过深入分析这些女性角色的形象和行为，来探讨电影中所蕴含的女性主义思想。
本文将总结电影《乱世佳人》中的女性主义解读，指出该电影对于女性主义思想的贡献和启示。
通过对电影中女性角色的分析和探讨，我们可以更好地理解女性在社会中的地位和作用，以及女性应该如何面对困境和挑战。
本文也希望通过对电影《乱世佳人》的女性主义解读，能够引发更多对于女性主义和性别平等的思考和讨论。
二、电影中的女性形象分析《乱世佳人》作为一部描绘美国南北战争时期的经典电影，其女性形象的塑造无疑具有深远的意义。
电影中的女性角色，如斯嘉丽、梅兰妮和贝尔·沃特林等，各自代表了不同的女性主义观点和价值观，从而为我们提供了丰富的解读空间。
斯嘉丽·奥哈拉是电影中的核心人物，她的形象塑造充满了复杂性和矛盾性。
一方面，她坚韧、独立，具有强烈的生存欲望和竞争意识，这些特质体现了女性主义中强调的女性独立和自我实现的观点。
她不畏艰难，即使在战争和困境中也能勇敢地生存下去，并努力追求自己的幸福。
另一方面，斯嘉丽也深受传统女性角色的影响，她的行为和决策常常受到男性视角的束缚。
《飘》的主人公斯嘉丽的性格变化剖析--基于女性主义立场的双性同体批判
青年文学家·文学评论《飘》的主人公斯嘉丽的性格变化剖析——基于女性主义立场的双性同体批判董思怡 盐城工学院博雅学院BM英语091班 江苏 盐城 224051摘要：基于女性主义立场分析斯嘉丽性格变化有着独特而深刻的美学价值。
女性主义是女性思维与行为方式的总和，主要包括政治观念与精神追求两类诉求。
斯嘉丽性格变化是一种双性同体结构，依次表现为战前任性与勇敢交融的爱情观、战中的自私与坚强并存的人格观与战后虚荣与成熟交织的经济观。
究其变化一方面源于经济原因、因南北战争引发的社会制度变革等客观因素，另一方面源于屈从生存危机、重建塔拉家园等主观因素。
而基于女性主义立场的精神追求是性格转型关键所在。
关键词：斯嘉丽；《飘》；女性主义；性格；变化作者简介：董思怡（1990—），女，江苏苏州人，盐城工学院博雅学院BM英语091班，本科在读，学习方向为英语。
[中图分类号]： I106 [文献标识码]：A[文章编号]：1002-2139(2013)-17-048-02一一、以平等与自由为主体的女性主义理论女性主义（Feminism）是以女性视角“观察、审视所有事物的思想、主张”，是一种表达特定诉求的“女性思维方式、行为方式的总和”。
[1]究其根源，女性主义是以启蒙思想为源头，兴起于19世纪的一场主要以女性经验为来源与动机的社会理论与政治运动，最开始主要在法国、美国等国出现，后遍及世界各地。
女性主义理论目的在于探究性别不平等的来源、本质与表现，研究重点在于性意识、权力关系与性别政治，争取人格独立、政治独立、经济独立与社会独立。
具体表现在：（一）作为一场政治运动，以争取受教育权、生育与堕胎权、产假与薪资平等、投票权、代表权为目标，具体表现为在20世纪六七十年代的反对选美活动、八九十年代的关于容貌与美的问题民主化改革讨论以及今天仍在持续的关于美貌的论争。
此类诉求在《飘》中体现相对不多。
（二）作为一种精神追求，主要以性别与性意识为突破口来破旧推新，反对性骚扰与性暴力、家庭暴力与性别歧视，争取女人作为人的基本尊严完整人格，争取与男性同等的政治身份与经济自由，在现实生活中通常表现为反抗父权与男权，追求自由与真爱；反对政治歧视，争取选举权与被选举权；反对经济附属，争取经济支配权与工作权利等。
女性的坚强与顽强斯嘉丽的性格分析
女性的坚强与顽强斯嘉丽的性格分析女性的坚强与顽强斯嘉丽的性格分析在文学作品和现实生活中，女性常常被描绘成柔弱的、需要被保护的角色。
然而，有些女性拥有特别的坚强和顽强的性格，她们能够面对各种挑战和困难。
斯嘉丽是一个典型的例子。
在小说《飘》中，斯嘉丽展现了她的坚强与顽强，不断超越自己，成为一个令人钦佩的女性。
本文将对斯嘉丽的性格进行分析，探讨她的坚强与顽强的根源以及对她人生的影响。
首先，斯嘉丽的坚强和顽强源于她对自身利益和家庭的忠诚。
在南北战争期间，斯嘉丽面对着家园的毁灭和家庭的分崩离析。
然而，尽管面临着巨大的压力和困难，她决定坚持和保护她的家人和土地。
她的坚强性格使她能够在逆境中找到力量，并始终为家庭的利益而奋斗。
其次，斯嘉丽的坚强和顽强表现在她对自身目标的追求。
斯嘉丽渴望拥有财富和地位，她不愿意只依赖男性来保护和供养她。
她决心利用自己的智慧和勇气，争取更好的生活。
她积极参与经济活动，经营她的事业，并保持独立。
这种坚持追求自主和成功的动力使她能够在男权社会中生存和脱颖而出。
然而，斯嘉丽的坚强和顽强性格也带来了一些负面影响。
她对自我利益的追求导致了她对他人和感情的忽视。
她经常忽视和伤害身边的人，包括她的丈夫和朋友。
她的顽固和自私让她错失了一些重要的人际关系和机会。
这种个人利益至上的性格特点给她带来了孤独和痛苦。
此外，斯嘉丽的顽强也源于她的自尊和自负。
她渴望在社会各个方面都被认可和接受。
她努力保持自己的形象，不愿面对失败和屈服。
这种自豪和自负的性格让她在一些场合下显得固执和目光短浅。
她错过了一些改变命运的机会，因为她不愿意接受改变或归纳自己的失败。
因此，她的坚强和顽固也限制了她在个人和事业上的发展。
总的来说，斯嘉丽是一个充满坚强和顽强的女性角色。
她的坚持和顽强让她能够在艰难的环境中生存和成功。
然而，她的个人利益至上和自负也给她带来了一些负面的影响。
斯嘉丽的性格既值得我们的尊重，同时也提醒我们要在追求成功的过程中保持对他人的关爱和尊重。
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文本研究/MOV IEL ITERATURE 2010年第12期斯嘉丽的女性主义解读■常爱民(鹤壁职业技术学院,河南鹤壁 458030)[摘 要] 小说《飘》中多方面地描写了斯嘉丽在爱情生活、经济生活和家庭生活中的性情仪态,刻画了她女性主义的性格特征,为我们塑造了一个极为鲜明的艺术形象。
本文从女性主义的角度出发,结合作品《飘》产生的时代背景、作者的个人经历以及小说内容等方面深入地剖析了主人公斯嘉丽在战前家庭教育和婚姻选择、战中对南方道德的反抗、战后对旧道德的抛弃以及对个人爱情和婚姻的主宰所表现出的女性主义特征,肯定了其超凡脱俗的女性魅力。
[关键词] 女性主义;《飘》;斯嘉丽 女性主义理论的兴起与女性主义的产生和发展有着密切的关系,它是政治运动深入到文化领域的结果。
从19世纪30年代起,西方开始了一场为女性争取教育、政治、法律和经济等方面权益的女权运动。
与此同时,女性的文学创作也进入了黄金时期,涌现出一批优秀的女性作家和作品。
直到20世纪60年代的女权主义运动高潮,当广大妇女真正对父权制本身提出质疑时,才有理论化的女性主义文学批评的诞生。
女性主义批评家认为只有出自女性作家的手笔、具有女性意识的文学才可以算是女性文学。
女性文学具有鲜明的女性主义倾向,具体表现在:一是女性意识或女性视角的鲜明阐释,二是对传统女性形象及女性观念的颠覆,三是女性独特情感的自然流露。
对照女性文学的上述特性,美国女作家玛格丽特·米切尔在20世纪30年代写的一部长篇小说《飘》中就创造了一个充满女性主义色彩的女主角斯嘉丽。
《飘》是20世纪初美国女作家玛格丽特·米切尔的代表作,以美国南北战争为背景,充分展现了当时社会动乱的现实,并以庄园主的女儿斯嘉丽为主线,描写了几对南方青年的情感纠葛和斯嘉丽的命运。
塑造了一个执著追求爱情、不择手段求生存、不畏男权求平等的女性形象。
本文试图从女性主义角度入手,对作者的创作背景和女主人公进行深入细致的解读。
一、《飘》的创作背景任何一部小说的诞生都与其时代背景和作家的经历有着密不可分的联系。
在美国,女权运动产生于19世纪40年代。
1848年,伴随着轰轰烈烈的“废奴运动”,首届女权大会在美国田纳西州召开,会议通过了有关妇女的《权利和意见宣言》,提出了男女在工作、财产、受教育等方面的平等权利和给予妇女选举权的要求。
在这样的社会大环境下,玛格丽特·米切尔必然会或多或少地受到影响。
玛格丽特·米切尔1900年11月8日出生在亚特兰大,她的父亲曾经是亚特兰大市的历史学会主席。
在南北战争期间,亚特兰大曾于1864年落入北方军将领舒尔曼之手。
后来,这便成了亚特兰大居民热衷的话题。
自孩提时起,玛格丽特就时时听到她父亲与朋友们,甚至居民之间谈论南北战争。
当26岁的玛格丽特·米切尔决定创作一部有关南北战争的小说时,亚特兰大自然就成了小说的背景。
另外米切尔的外祖母安妮·斯蒂芬实实在在地经历了南北战争的洗礼,同样作为战时新娘,从富裕的种植园嫁到了亚特兰大。
“她常去见市长和市议会,用一些精挑细选的言语谴责男性的游手好闲与浪费时间,使那些大人物张口结舌无言以对。
”她的母亲也是亚特兰大社会的女性精英,她总是以积极的姿态带领女儿参加各种女权运动集会,并且还经常作慷慨激昂的演讲。
在这样的环境下成长起来的米切尔,塑造出斯嘉丽这样独特的女性主义形象,真是水到渠成的事情。
二、对斯嘉丽的女性主义解读《飘》出版之时正值美国政治经济大萧条,罗斯福的新政对此也束手无策,全国上下人心惶惶不可终日。
书中人物斯嘉丽奋力拼搏决不认输的精神极大地鼓舞了民众,文本在极短的时间内迅速成为炙手可热的畅销书,斯嘉丽也成了当时评论界的热评人物。
在《飘》中,斯嘉丽个性张扬可分为四个方面:反抗封建家庭教育;挑战南方礼教;抛弃南方道德;主宰个人爱情与婚姻,均展示了她颠覆旧礼教、追求个人幸福的女性魅力。
(一)斯嘉丽对封建奴隶主家庭教育的反抗斯嘉丽出生在一个拥有一百多奴隶的种植园主的家庭,她“打出娘胎就有人从头到脚地服侍着”,从小过着无忧无虑的生活,但却受着封建旧礼教的严厉管教和训诲。
不管是出身高贵、举止优雅的母亲细声细气的训诫,还是嬷嬷长篇大论的唠叨,她们都是想尽力将那些作为淑女贤妻的不可缺少的品质栽培到她身上。
斯嘉丽骨子里不曾学会南方淑女的气质,因为她从内心深处没有找到该学的理由。
以致斯图兰特谈到战争的话题时,她撅着嘴,摆出一副不耐烦的表情,并声称他们再说一次战争,她就进屋去,不仅没有迎合男人,反而对他们的言行进行干涉。
她不和两个妹妹及有教养的威尔克斯家的姑娘玩,却喜欢和农场里的小黑奴及邻居家的男孩子玩;爬树和掷石子一点也不比哪个男孩差。
这样看来斯嘉丽一点也没有南方淑女的温柔和文静。
当她无意从汤家兄弟口中得知阿希礼将和媚兰妮小姐订婚时,她的吃惊非同小可。
她决心从媚兰妮手中把阿希礼夺过来,因为她深信自己在两年前,阿希礼刚从欧洲游历回来,她就已经爱上他了。
并且坚信,阿希礼也喜欢自己,不过没有公开表白罢了。
这样,斯嘉丽决定在十二根橡树野宴时,阿希礼家宣布订婚消息前,她要借机向阿希礼表白。
中午休息时,101MOV IEL ITERATURE /文本研究 2010年第12期 斯嘉丽躲在藏书室,等阿希礼进来,不顾一切地向阿希礼倾吐爱情,大胆地袒露自己的真情,甚至提出和阿希礼私奔的想法。
斯嘉丽全然忘了“淑女”的风范。
因为那个时代的女人“整个生存都在等待”,“她在等待男人的效忠和认可,她在等待爱情,她在等待丈夫或情人的感激与夸奖”。
思嘉丽敢于反对封建奴隶主的家庭教育和敢于追求个性解放,这对于打破封建制的精神枷锁是有着进步意义的。
(二)斯嘉丽对南方道德规范的挑战斯嘉丽婚后仅仅两个月,她的丈夫查尔斯病死军中。
她对丈夫之死没有多少悲伤,对守寡之道却深恶痛绝。
南方对寡妇要求极严,《飘》有生动描写:做寡妇的一定得穿阴森森的黑衣服,连点缀的流苏都没有,也不准戴花,扎缎带,用花边,连珠宝饰物都不准佩戴,要戴只能戴缟玛瑙的丧服胸针,要不就戴用死者发丝编的项圈。
帽上蒙的黑制纱一定得拖到膝盖,只有到守寡三年后才能缩短到齐肩。
做寡妇的决不能再欢畅闲谈,也不能高声大笑。
即使要露出笑容,也只能是苦笑、惨笑。
而且,最可怕的是,在男人面前,万万不能表露出一点好意来。
如果男人没有教养,竟流露出对她有点好意,她就必须赶紧不失尊严而恰到好处地提起她的亡夫来吓退他。
斯嘉丽本性充满活力,酷爱自由,要她恪守如此“寡道”如同炼狱。
传统礼教渗透到社会的方方面面,斯嘉丽到夫家长住,家中有佩蒂姑妈时时提醒不要“出格”,外面有世人的眼光监视,一时她不得不表面上屈服于传统伦理。
这时斯嘉丽一肚子苦水,没法向人倾诉。
在第九章,玛格丽特用了六个“不公平”刻画了她的心情:一个17岁的女孩不能唱歌跳舞、不能打扮,必需常年戴丧,每个人都可以参加野餐会、舞会而她不可以,当其他男性看着她时,正当青春的她必须要低下头或避开等都不公平。
随着战争的进行,大量伤员送到了亚特兰大的医院,医院缺少人手。
为了“伟大的事业”,医生让斯嘉丽帮忙,这给了她守寡后回归社会的机会。
由于医院缺少资金发动募捐,米德大夫动员妇女们捐款。
第一轮直接捐款捐物后,他建议男士如果捐款的话,便可以邀请他喜欢的女士跳舞。
瑞特仰慕斯嘉丽已久,借机邀请她跳舞。
让人吃惊的是,她应邀赴舞,勇敢地打破了南方道德规范,向南方礼教提出了挑战。
(三)斯嘉丽战后彻底抛弃南方道德规范亚特兰大陷落后她回到塔拉,见到是一片山河破碎的惨景,奴隶跑了,爸爸疯了,妈妈辞世,她家加上媚兰妮母子缺吃少穿,日子变得艰难困苦。
她勇敢地挑起了一家之主的担子,她让每个可以出力的成员四处寻找食物,种植作物,自己也放下贵族小姐架子开始下地干农活,她那原先“柔软、白哲、带有小涡的纤纤玉手”被生活的艰辛磨得粗糙不堪,“由于劳动和日硒已变得粗糙发黑,并且布满了斑点,指甲已经损坏和变形,手心结了厚厚的茧子”。
而在当时,人们认为高贵的女人是不能干重活的,是需要男人处处照顾的。
“女人需要别人搀扶着上马车,需要有人帮她跨过水沟,需要别人帮助她在任何地方占据最佳的位置”,更不要说干重活。
为了一家人能吃饱饭,斯嘉丽殚精竭虑,这样才能艰难地糊口度日,但却很难使塔拉庄园维持下去。
因为与政府合作者看上了庄园,唆使政府对它施以重税,期望从她手中低价买到塔拉庄园。
为了填饱肚子和拯救庄园,斯嘉丽夺走了妹妹苏伦的情郎弗兰克。
当她发现弗兰克缺乏生意人的头脑,把店搞得一团糟时,她萌发了对男性能力的怀疑和对自己能力的肯定。
“要是让我来经营这片店,准会比他强多了。
由我来经营一个锯木厂,也一定能胜过他。
尽管我对木材生意还一窍不通呢!”她买下了一个锯木厂,拒不交给丈夫,而是决定自己经营。
其时不但丈夫反对,而且整个亚特兰大都议论纷纷;当她出外谈生意时,人们对她指指点点,认为一个高贵的女人应该在家相夫教子,抛头露面就是不守妇道。
但最终她凭借自己的聪明才智,打败了男性竞争者,使事业不断发展起来。
她的行动实际上向人们展示了妇女的舞台不仅仅在家中,也不仅仅只会做些小买卖,她们也能开办实业,获得成功;她说过男人能做的事女人都能独立做,除了生孩子。
(四)斯嘉丽主宰自己的婚姻和感情在爱情和婚姻上,斯嘉丽一直是自己婚姻的主宰者,她大胆追求自己的所爱,没有哪位男性能控制得了她。
16岁的斯嘉丽心中暗藏着对阿希礼的爱慕,她自己畅游在爱的海洋中,却又极度自私,决不容忍男人爱别的女人而不爱自己,当她向阿希礼求爱碰壁后,就毫不犹豫地给了他一巴掌,然后火速与查尔斯结婚,以此来报复他。
在此,斯嘉丽敢爱敢恨的个性表露无遗。
后来,在生活的逼迫下,为了300块钱保住塔拉庄园,斯嘉丽不顾舆论,抢走了妹妹的情人弗兰克,最后为了钱又嫁给了瑞特,斯嘉丽没有真心对待她的婚姻,只是在追求一个虚幻的梦,但这种在爱情中的主动,敢于追求自己的幸福,忠于自我的情感,使我们看到了新女性的光辉。
而且,一直以来,斯嘉丽都深深爱慕着阿希礼,从少女时代爱他的英俊惆怅的贵族气质,到战争结束后阿希礼变得颓废迷茫,她都一直盼望着他能离开媚兰妮和自己生活在一起,她愿意为他抛弃一切,甚至常常制造只要能够与他独处一会儿就得到满足的机会。
最终,在媚兰妮临终的时刻,她突然明白了对阿希礼的爱情的虚无,醒悟到瑞特才是真正爱自己和自己爱的人。
于是,她立即离开阿希礼,追寻真爱瑞特。
她知道,世界上没有哪个男人她无法得到,只要她下定决心,她就会想出办法把他弄回来。
在两性的情感冲突中,在爱情与伦理道德的冲突中,斯嘉丽向我们展示了旧南方女性所没有的勇气和魅力,展现她爱的自主和对爱情的大胆追求。
三、结 语《飘》中女主人公斯嘉丽无疑是颠覆传统女性价值观的代言人。
作者把斯嘉丽塑造成一个意志坚强的抗争者,她破除了那些禁锢女性的繁文缛节,挑战着男性控制的社会。