最新-初中英语形式主语和形式宾语专项练习(有答案)
2014-2015初中英语形式主语和形式宾语专项练习（有答案）
形式主语或形式宾语指的是：当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语或宾语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语或形式宾语置于句首或句中动词之后，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。主要有:
一、it作形式主语
It 作形式主语的常见句型：
①It + be + 形容词+ to do sth. / doing / that ….
e.g. It is very important to learn a foreign language. (学一门外语非常重要。)
It is useless crying over the spilt milk. (覆水难收。)
It was really surprising that she married a man like that.
(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。)
②It + be +名词词组+ doing / that ….
e.g. It is no good telling lies. (撒谎没好处。)
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film yesterday.
(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)
It is a truth that there would be no new China without the Communist
Party.
(没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。)
③It + be + 过去分词+ that ….
该句型常见动词有：say, hope, think, suppose, expect, report, know, believe,
decide, etc.
e.g. It is said that they have invented a new type of computer.
(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)
It is believed that China will become one of the strongest countries
in the world.
(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。)
It was reported that more than 170 thousand people died in the 2004
tsunami.
(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。)
④It + seems / appears / happens等不及物动词+ that ….
e.g. It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much. (似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)
It appears that Tom might change his mind. (看来汤姆可能会改变主意。)
⑤若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。
e.g. Does it matter much that they won’t come tomorrow?
(他们明天不来很重要吗？)
Is it true that he will go abroad next week? (他下周出国是真的吗？)
⑥It + takes + (sb.) + some time + to do sth.
这是一个表示“(某人)花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式(to do sth.)，句型中的sb.也可以省略。
e.g. It took me some time to read the reading materials
(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)
It took him fourteen hours to go to NewZealand from Shanghai by
plane.
(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。)
How long does it take you to go to Beijing from Qingdao by train?
(从青岛坐火车到北京一般要花多久时间？)
I am not sure, but I think it takes at least nine hours to get there.
(我不能肯定，但估计至少要九个钟头才能到那儿。)
二. it作形式宾语
在句中,通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语移至句末，其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”：
I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。
I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。
We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。
通常意义的形式宾语其真正宾语为不定式、动名词、从句等且其后跟有宾语补足语时的情形，即用于“动词+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语”这样的结构，但以下几类形式宾语却比较特殊，其后没有宾语补足语。
①当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时(如think, make, find, consider,
feel, suppose等)；
e.g. They found it pleasant that they worked with us Chinese.
(他们发现与我们中国人一起工作很愉快。)
I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.
(我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。)
He makes it a rule never to borrow money. (他立志决不向别人借钱。)
I think it no need talking about it with them.
(我认为没必要跟他们谈。)
②某些表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的动词，如like, enjoy, love, hate等，往往不能直接接宾语从句；
e.g. I don’t like it that he’s so lazy. (我不喜欢他那么懒惰。)
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs. (我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。)
③that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语；
e.g. You may depend on it that we shall always help you.
(尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。)
Would you see to it that she gets home early? (你负责保证她早到家，好吗？)
He insisted on it that he was innocent. (他坚持说自己是无辜的。)
④由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。
e.g. I leave it to your own judgment whether you should do it.
(我让你自己判断这事是否该做。)
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.
(多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。)
三. 形式主语、形式宾语专项练习
1. It's easier _____ than ________.
A. say;do
B. to say;to do
C. says;does
D. saying;doing
2. It takes me 30 minutes ________ to school by bike every day.
A. going
B. to go
C. goes
D. go
3. It’s not easy ________ us _________ a foreign language.
A. for; learning
B. of; learning
C. of; to learn
D. for; to learn
4. Children find___ interesting to play computer games.
B. which
A. that C. it D. it’s
5. Do you think it important _____ computer well?
A. play
B. plays
C. to play
D. playing
6. Is _______ necessary to complete the design before National Day?
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. he
7. I don’t think _______ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
A. this
B. that
C. its
D. it
8. Does _______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
A. this
B. that
C. he
D. it
9. Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder;but _______ didn’t help.
A. he
B. which
C. she
D. it
10. _______ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
11. I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A. it
B. that
C. these
D. them
12. I like _______ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. one
13. _______ happened _______ he is unfit for the office.
A. This; that
B. That; that
C. It; that
D. He; that
14. We took _______ for granted that they would accept our advice.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. them
15. _______ that the scientist will give us a talk next month?
A. Is true
B. Is it true
C. It’s true
D. It’s truly
16. _______ doesn’t matter much _______ dress you are going to wear.
A. This; that
B. That; who
C. It; which
D. It; who
17. _______ is going to America for further study.
A. He is said that
B. People said that
he
C. It was said he
D. It is said that he
18. They are good friends. _______ is no wonder that they know each other so well.
A. This
B. That
C. There
D. It
19. Is _______ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?
A. this
B. there
C. that
D. it
20. She liked _______ when he kissed her.
A. him
B. that
C. one
D. it
21. _______ will do you good to do some exercise every morning
A. It
B. There
C. Those
D. One
22. We think _______ our duty to pay taxes to our government.
A. that
B. this
C. its
D. it
23. I’d appreciate ________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
A. that
B. it
C. this
D. you
24 . ---What do you think made Mary so upset? ---___ her new bicycle.
A. As she lost
B. Lost
C. Losing
D. Because of
losing
25. Our monitor suggested _____a discussion of this subject.
A. to have
B. should have
C. have
D. having
26. It’s very kind ___ you ______ me..
A. for;helping
B. of ;help
C. for;to help
D. of;to help
27 ---What do you think of the book？---Oh;excellent．It's worth ___a second time.
A. to read
B. to be read
C. reading
D. being read
28. It’s no use ＿＿＿＿＿forward to ＿＿＿＿from her soon.
A. to look; to hear
B. looking; hearing
C. looking; hear
D. look; hear
29. It took the workmen only two hours to finish ________ my car.
A. repairing
B. repair
C. to repair
D. repaired
30. __________ clean is a safeguard against disease.
A. To be keeping
B. Kept
C. Keep
D. Keeping
参考答案
1—5 BBDCC 6—10 CDDDD 11—15 ACCCB
16—20 CDDDD 21—25 ADBCD 26—30 DCBAD.
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（三）
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（五）
答案：66. D 67. F 68. A 69. E 70. G （六） （七）
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初中英语阅读理解和完形填空解题技巧及练习
初中英语阅读理解和完形填空解题技巧及练习
一．初中英语阅读理解的解题技巧 阅读理解也是中考英语题的必考题目之一，本题型旨在考查学生阅读，理解的能力，几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力，根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，也考查学生关注细节的能力。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？我将从以下三个方面谈论这个问题： 一、解题思路 （一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。在读题的时候划出题目的关键词。 （二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。 （三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点： 1．抓住四个"W"和一个"H"，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When （时间），Where（地点），Why（原因），How（经过）划出来。抓住了四个“W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。 2．抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。 3．注意领会文章的寓意。 4．根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种： ①直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 ②归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 ③综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。 题干中有"suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 ④捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。
中考宾语从句练习题及答案
中考宾语从句练习题及答案 I．从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。 u． A. if; Whether B. whether; Whether C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow. 3. Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is? A. what B. how C. whether D. where 4. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 5. I want to know _________. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking C. whom is she looking D. whom she is looking after 6. Do you know where _________ now? A. he lives B.does he live C. he lived D. did he live 7. Do you know what time _________?A. the train leave B. does the train leave C. will the train leave D. the train leaves 8. I don't know _________. Can you tell me, please? A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are 9. The small children don't know _________. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _________. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does D. what Christmas means II. 按要求转换句型。 1. Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?（改写句子） →Could you tell us _________ Mr. Brown _________ living in China? 2. "Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） →He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help． 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _________ Jim _________Tom is a student. 4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _________ the train _________. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写) They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework． (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday. 宾语从句专项训练参考答案： I. 1—5DDDCD 6—10ADDBD II. 1. if／whether; enjoys 2. if／whether; needed 3. Neither; nor 4. when; leaves 5. didn't; until 6. whether; came 习题（一） 1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
初三英语阅读理解专项练习
初三英语阅读理解练习题 1. The worst tourist in the world is Nicholas Scottie of San-Francisco. Once he flew from the U.S. to his hometown in Italy to see someone at home. The plane made one-hour stop to get oil at Kennedy Airport of New York. As he thought he had arrived home. Mr. Scottie got off the plane. He thought he was in Rome. When nobody was there to meet him, Mr. Scottie thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic. While looking for their address, Mr. Scottie found that the old “Rome”had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high modern ones. He also found that many people spoke English instead of Italian and that many streets were written in English. Mr. Scottie knew very little English, so he asked a policeman the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered him in the same language. After twelve hour’s traveling round on a bus, the driver handed him over to a second policeman. He asked the policeman why the Rome police employed so many people as policemen speaking English instead of Italian. Mr. Scottie did not believe he was in New York when he was told so. To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, he was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens (警报) on. “Look,”said Scottie to his interpreter (翻译), “I know I’m in Italy. That’s how they drive.” 1. When Mr. Scottie arrived at the airport, nobody met him because _______. A. he was in New York B. he was not in Rome C. policeman could help him D. both A and B 2. In what direction did the plane fly when Mr. Scottie went to Italy from the U.S.? A. To the east B. To the south C. To the west D. To the north 3. Why was Mr. Scottie so sure that he was in Rome? A. Because he knew little about the U.S. B. Because he knew little bout Italy. C. Because he traveled a lot. D. Because he didn’t travel much 4. At last Mr. Scottie __________. A. know he did something wrong B. still thought he was in Rome.