英美概况复习资料
英语国家概况(阅读)期末复习资料
英语国家概况（阅读）1、Which of the following statements is NOT true?C.The Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important politicalparty in Britain2、Which of the following statements is NOT correct?D.Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.3、To get a bachelor’s degree, an American undergraduate student is required to do the following except ____.C.taking certain subjects such as history, language and philosophy4、Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?B.The legislative.5、Which one of the following is NOT particularly British Christmas tradition?C.Eating chocolate eggs on Easter Day.6、Which of the following statements is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?A.Blacks felt that they could be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.7、The New Deal was started by ___. A.Franklin Roosevelt.8、Which of the following is NOT based on the fact?A.Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.9、Three of the following are characteristics of London, Which of the four is the EXCEPTION?C.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world10、In order to go to university, secondary school students in the US must meet the following requirements except that ___.D.They pass the college entrance examinations11、Which of the following statements is NOT correct?When the War of Independence was over, ___.D.the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.12、Which of the following about the tabloids is not true?A.They are big format newspapers.13、In the 17th century,the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because ____.A.they wanted to increase its control over Ireland14、The largest religion in the US is ___. B.Christianity15、Which of the following is NOT a feature of the House of Lords?C.The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.16、Which of the following expressions represents the core value of the mainstream society in the USA?A.“Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.”17、According to the Good Friday Agreement, Northern Ireland today should be governed by the following jurisdictions except _____.B.The jurisdiction of loyalist ministers18、Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?C.The president can make laws.19、If a student wants to go to university in Britain, he will take the examination called ____.A.General Certificate of Education – Advanced.20、What happened in 1215?B.Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta.21、Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family?D.Horse racing.22、The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by ____. D.boards of education23、Which of the following statements is not true about the British media?B.They are mainly interested in making huge24、Which of the following is NOT a true descriptio n of the Queen’s role?A.The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.25、In the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential go to ____. A.grammar schools.26、How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win in the election? B.32627、In the United States, people go to church mainly for the following reasons except for ___. A.finding a job in society28、Where are international tennis championships held in the UK?B.Wimbledon29、The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except ____. C.William Penn30、The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by ____.D.William the Conqueror31、Historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when _______ delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech. C.Martin Luther King, Jr.32、“No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ____.D.The people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution33、Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? C.Basketball34、Which of the following is NOT true about Britain?D.It used to be one of the superpowers in the world35、In the early 1970s, the IRA _____.D.carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their、main target36、Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A.The Anglo-Saxons37、Which of the following about the BBC is NOT true?C.The BBC has four channels.38、Which of the following is NOT a true description of the situation of ethnic minorities in the UK?A.They are well represented in the British Parliament.39、In the US school systems, which of the following divisions is true？C.elementary school, secondary school.40、Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?B.The freedom of searching a person’s home by police.41、When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments? D.In 170742、Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?D.The University of Buckingham.43、The following were the main Reformation leaders except _____.B.Martin Luther King44、Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot which was associated with life in America since the late 18th century?D.Israel Zangwill.45、Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution?A.It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for government.46、Which of the following is NOT true about the British education system?D.It is dominated by the state.47、Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?D.The sports centre48、Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students in the US?B.Politics and business education.49、Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?A.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.50、In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to ____.C.state schools.51、Which one of the following does NOT belong to the Protestant Church?D.Catholics52、Which of the following is NOT the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups?A.The aggressive nature of these groups.53、By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?A.The House of Commons.54、The main mountain range in the west of the US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ___. B.the Rocky Mountains55、Easter commemorates ____. D.the Crucifixion and Resurrection of JesusChrist.56、Which of the following is NOT included in the National curriculum?B.Children must sit in A-level exams.57、Who is the leader of the Conservative party at present?D.David Cameron58、In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 ______.B.can legally receive completely free education.59、The majority of American Christians belong to the ____ church.C.Protestant60、Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed? B.William of Orange.61、Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet? A.The US military.62、If you visit Alaska, you can NOT see _____ C.Surfers63、Which of the following is NOT true about life peers?B.They cannot sit in the House of Lords.64、Which group of people cannot vote in the general election?B.Lords in the House of Lords.65、Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war?C.Charles I66、Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain?B.Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales67、Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government?A.It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.68、A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy because _____.A.it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the government.69、The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from ___. D.John Locke70、Which of the following statements is NOT true?B.Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons71、Which of the following description about the Conservative party is NOT true? D.It is known as a party of high taxation levels.72、During the early stages of the civil rights movement, the major integration strategy initiated by the Congress of Racial Equality was known as ____ at bus stations in the South. D.freedom rides73、Which of the following agreement is accepted by both Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland? C.The Good Friday Agreement74、Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written, ___. A.there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.75、Which city is the capital in Scotland? B.Edinburgh76、Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities? prehensive schools77、Both public and private universities in the US depend on the following sources of income except ____. A.investment78、Which of the following websites are meant to cater to young tastes?B.Facebook.判断题：1、In the early 20th century, those dominating American life were mostlyWASPs. √2、In Britain, class and educational differences are reflected in thenewspaper people read. √3、Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. √4、The Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998. √5、Secrecy is an important part of the voting process. √6、The US was founded on the principle of human equality, and in realitythe nation has lived up to that ideal. ×7、There are more Catholics thatn Protestants in the US. ×8、The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those whichlevy taxes that pay the work of the federal government. √9、The British Prime Minister is directly elected by the people.×10、The Conservative Party is the party that spent most time inpower.√11、A great moment for the civil rights movement was the March on Washington on August, 1963 when President Kennedy gave the famous " I Have a Dream" speech. ×12、In 1863, President Lincoln signed The Emancipation Proclamation which together with the 13th Amendament to the Constitution legally abolished the slavery.√13、When the War of Independence was over, the US was one unified nation as it is today. ×14、The theory of poltiics of the American Revolution came from John Locke,a French philosopher in the 17th century. ×15、The Labour Party is the oldest party in the UK. ×16、The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of the British people.√17、Scotland was unified with England through violent means.×18、One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be accepted by a college in the US is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.√19、The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.×20、Critics of the affirmative action programs are of the opinion that this results in reverse discrimination.√21、The first English permanent settlement was founded in California.×22、According to the textbook, larger American universities are alwaysbetter, and more desirable universities are always more expensive.×23、The British media play an important role in shaping a national culture.√24、Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday.×25、American university students have always liked to get degrees that are aimed at preparing them specifically for certain professions.×26、Public schools in the UK are part of the national education system and funded by the government.×27、The game of golf was invented by the Scottish.√28、" We Shall Overcome!" is a very famous song during the 1960s.×29、The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointment are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives.√30、When the civil rights movement began, non-violent, direct action tactics like " sit-ins" and boycotts were he chief vehicle for social protest.√31、George Washington, Banjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founing fathers of the USA.×32、In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances.√33、Britain is no longer an imperial country.√34、It is not very difficult to generalize about the American way of life.×35、Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.√36、The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US now is the blacks, or Afro-Americans.×37、According the First Amendament to the Constitution of the United States, there would be a state-supported religion.×38、The world' s oldest daily newspaper is The Observer.×39、The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights.√40、By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe.√41、Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called " Gaelic" .×42、Horse racing is the true royal sport.√43、Free press has the function of keeping an eye on the government, and therefore it is called the watchdog of parliamentary democracy.√44、Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.√45、It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world.√46、The purpose of British education is not only to provide children withliteracy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.√47、Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials.×48、In the 1960s, three groups - Afro-Americans, Asia Americans and women - were dissatisfied with their lives.×49、Northern Ireland is often called " Ulster" after an ancient Irish kingdom once existed in this area.√50、Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.√51、Britain has a written constitution like most countries.×52、Thre are more than 100 Protestants sects in the US today.√53、There is more violence in the US than in other industrializedcountries.√54、Drug abuse in the US has come to be regarded as one of the most challenging social problems facing the nation.×55、The Open Univeristy uses many non-traditional ways to teach students, such as TV and radio broadcasts, correspondence, videos, and a network of study centers.√56、According to the textbook, there are two major political parties in the UK.×57、When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes.√58、Under a Constitutional Amendament passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term.×59、Super Bowl will decide the champion baseball team of the year in the US.×60、In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revoltuion, in contrast to France and the US.√61、The anti-war teach-in by white students in Berkeley began the civil rights movement in the 1960s.×62、Ireland is part of Great Britain ×63、All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government.×64、The tradition of having Sunday off derived from the ChristianChurch.√65、Yellowstone National Park is the oldest national park in the US.√66、In the US, scientific and economic advance and rising material progress have been accompanied by a decline in religious observance.×67、John F. Kennedy was the first Catholic elected as the USpresident.√68、You must have the A-level qualification to enter British university.×69、The state of Hawaii is a big island in the central Pacific Ocean.×70、Northern Ireland today is governed by separate juristictions: that of Republic of Ireland and that of Great Britain.×71、It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involved the sport ofboxing.×72、The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according totradition.×73、Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics.√74、Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after the decision of the Supreme Court in 1954.√75、Aristrocracy as a class no longer exists in the UK.×76、Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city.×77、Hollywood films give the wrong impressions that all Americansare rich.√78、The British state actively interferes with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught.×79、It takes at least four years to get a bachelor' s degree from an institution of higher education in the US.√80、President Nixon' s administration was toppled because of the Watergate Affair.√81、The most exciting moment in baseball game is a homerun.√82、Queen Elizabeth II is both the head of the state and the head of government in the UK.×填空题:1、In 1966 the women' s movement in the US organized the NOW, that is_______. 答案：the National Organization for Women2、BBC stands for ___.答案：British Broadcasting Company3、normally, a british government can be in power for ___ years, ａndthen it has to resign ａnd hold a general election.答案：54、1968 was a violent and tragic year in US history in which ______ and____ were assassinated.答案：Kennedy, Martin Luthur King5、In Northern Ireland, most Irish population are ____ while most Britishpopulatin are Protestants.答案：Catholic6、The most important function of the Parliament is to ___.答案：legislate(make laws)7、Although the UK joined the EU, it decided to keep its own currency,the ___.答案：pound8、The Good Friday Agreement, known also as ____, was signed in 1998.答案：the Belfast Agreement9、The native people in the American continents are the ___.答案：Indians10、The British Parliament is made up of the Queen, the House of ___,and the House of ____.答案：Lords，Commons11、Today, the US has two major poltiical parties. One is the ____,and the other is the ___.答案：Democratic Party, Republican Party (顺序不分先后）12、The two oldest universities in Britain are ___ and ___.答案：Oxford,Cambridge13、In Northern Ireland, if you support the Queen, you are called a___; if you want Northern Ireland to remain part of the UK, you are called ____.答案：loyalist, unionist14、Eton and Winchester are the two most famous _____ in Britain.答案：public schools15、In 1689, Parliament passed _____to ensure that the King would neverbe able to ignore Parliament.答案：the Bill of Rights16、In 1620, a group of English puritans travelled on the ship ____to Massachusetts Bay and founded the second English settlement.答案：Mayflower17、In 1215, some barons and the Chruch forced King John to sign the____ to place some limits on the King' s poer.答案：Great Charter18、The first and the second Continental Congress were held in _____.答案：Philadelphia19、The three Germanic tribes migrating to England in the 5th centurywere ____, ____, and _____. They became the ancestors of the English people.答案：Angles, Saxons, Jutes20、In 43 AD Britain was invaded by ___.答案：Romans21、 A ___ system is one in which power is shared between centralauthority and its constituent parts.答案：federal22、The Congress is made up of two houses, namely, the House of ____and the ___.答案：Representatives, Senate23、Activists in the Anti-War Movement in the 1960s were protestingagainst the war in _____.答案：Vietnam24、The ____ are smaller format newspapers with colour photos and cathyheadlines.答案：tabloids25、In Britain, the official head of state is ___.答案：monarch (king orqueen)26、The UK has been a member of the ____ since 1973.答案：European Union(or, EU)27、The main author of Declaration of Independence was ___.答案：ThomasJefferson28、GCSE stands for ____.答案：General Certificate of Secondary Education29、The first English permanent settlement in America was founded in1607 in ____.答案：Virginia30、The island of Great Britain is made up of ___,___, and ___.答案：England, Wales, Scotland31、The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, __, and ___.答案：Jewish, Catholic (不分先后）32、To watch the BBC programs, viewers must buy a ___ every year fortheir TV set.答案：licence33、For American high school students, the SATs are very importantexams. Here SAT stands for _____________.答案：Scholastic Apititude Test34、In the US, the judicial branch is headed by the ___.答案：Supreme Court35、____ was the first woman Prime Minister in the UK.答案：MargaretThatcher36、The WWW, which stands for ______, began in the US as a Cold Warmilitaryinnovation. 答案：world-wide web37、The IRA stands for ____.答案：Irish Republican Army38、The capitial of Scotland is ____.答案：Edinburgh39、The full name of the UK is ______.答案：the United Kingdom of Great Britainand Northern Ireland40、GCEA stands for ___.答案：General Certification of Education-Advanced41、The first Catholic president in the US was ___.答案：J.F. Kennedy42、Every child in the US is guaranteed up to ____ years of education.答案：1343、There are three major parties in the UK, ____, ____, and the LiberalDemcratic Party.答案：the Conservative Party, the Labour Party44、The ____ refers to black and white civil rights activiststravelling together on buses to challenge segregation laws.答案：freedom rides45、The capital city of Northern Ireland is ___.答案：Belfast46、Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income:student tuition fee, ____ and government funding.答案：endowments47、American mainstream culture develops from the so-called WASPculture. Here WASP stands for ___.答案：White Anglo-Saxon Protestant48、The real center of political life in the UK is in the ____.答案：parliament名词翻译：1、Bloody Sunday 答案：血腥星期天2、Conservative Party 答案：保守党3、grammar school 答案：文法学校4、Senator 答案：参议员5、the Supreme Court 答案：最高法院6、Prime Minister 答案：首相7、ruling party 答案：执政党8、IRA 答案：爱尔兰共和军9、Credit 答案：学分10、Eton Public School 答案：伊顿公学11、No taxation without representation 答案：没有代表权就不纳税12、The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 答案：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国英语国家概况13、Check and Balance答案：权力制衡14、comprehensive school 答案：综合学校15、the Congress 答案：（美国）国会16、Constitutinal Monarchy 答案：君主立宪制17、Commonwealth of Nations 答案：英联邦18、Liberal Democratic Party 答案：自由民主党19、compulsory education 答案：义务教育20、The Bullet and the Ballot Box 答案：暴力和民主手段21、the Bill of Rights 答案：《权利法案》22、community college 答案：社区学院23、vocational school 答案：职业学校24、the Declaration of Independence 答案：独立宣言25、European Union 答案：欧盟26、opposition party 答案：在野党27、the Boston Tea Party 答案：波士顿茶党28、Continental Congress 答案：大陆会议29、Endowment 答案：捐款30、the House of the Commons 答案：下议院（或，平民院）31、the House of the Lords 答案：上议院（或，贵族院）32、Separation of Powers 答案：三权分立33、Cabinet 答案：内阁34、Home Rule movement 答案：自治运动35、Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs) 答案：学习能力测试36、liberal arts 答案：文科37、member of parliament (MP) 答案：议员38、Labour Party 答案：工党考试范围为以下章节的内容：1. 上册第一单元，英国概况简介2. 上册第二单元，北爱尔兰问题3. 上册第三、四单元，英国政治4. 上册第七单元，英国教育5. 上册第十单元，英国节假日和运动6. 下册第三单元，美国早期历史7. 下册第四单元，美国政治8. 下册第六单元，美国宗教9. 下册第八单元，美国教育10.下册第九、十单元，美国社会运动11. 下册第十一、十五单元，美国生活方式期末考试题型为单选题、判断正误题、填空题和专有名词翻译题，题目选自上述各章课后练习。
来安方《新编英美概况》笔记和典型题详解(美国—美国的历史)【圣才出品】
第2章美国的历史2.1 复习笔记Ⅰ. The Thirteen English-American Colonies and the War of Independence1. The Founding of the colonies2. The Early Immigrants3. Relation between England and Colonies4. The Boston Tea Party5. The First Continental Congress6. The Second Continental Congress7. Military Struggle and Final VictoryⅡ. Appearance of the American Constitution and Territorial Expansion1. America Following Independence2. The Constitutional Convention3. The American Constitution4. The Second War with England (1812)5. The Monroe Doctrine (1823)6. The Mexican War and Its Results (1846-1848)Ⅲ. The Civil War1. The Beginning of Slavery in America2. Conflicts Arising from Slavery3. Lincoln’s Death and American Concept of a Hero4. Effect of the Civil War5. Economic Development6. Progressivism7. The Federal Reserve Bank8. Imperialist Foreign Policy and War with SpainⅣ. America During and After World WarⅠ1. America Entering the War (1917)2. America after World WarⅠ3. The Great DepressionⅤ. America During and After World War Ⅱ1. Background and Outbreak of General War2. Changes of the U.S. Policy3. The Lend-Lease Bill4. America’s Entry into the War5. America after the War6. Cold War and America’s Containment7. Red Scare and the McCarthy Era8. Demand for Reform9. The Watergate Affair10. Reagan Revolution and ClintonⅠ. The Thirteen English-American Colonies and the War of Independence (十三块英属北美殖民地和独立战争)1. The Founding of the colonies (殖民地的建立)(1)The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 1607. Thecolonists named their new settlement Jamestown, in honor of the king.英国在北美的第一块殖民地位于弗吉尼亚州。
自考英语国家概况---复习资料--英国国家概况知识点及经济篇英语国家概况经济篇文档.doc
英语国家概况经济篇%1.自然资源英国:Compare with many other countries,Britain has comsiderable reserves of coal.Today British coal mining is called a "sick" industry.Natural gas and oil was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under the North Sea.Britain was the first nation to build a large iron and steel industry.Rich deposits of iron ore were found in central England.As with the coal industry,Britain's steel industry is declining.美国:Fertile soil is one of the most important natural resouces in the United States.America's forest resources are among the world's largest.Another natural resource that contributes to the welfare of the country is water.America is the leaders in production of Coal,iron ore,cpper,oil,sulfur,lead and zine.But short for tin,manganese,and nikel.爱尔兰Ireland is now the largest producer of lead and zinc concentrates in Europe.While Ireland lacks sizeable oil deposits,it has a valuable energy source in the peat,or turt,bogs that cover extensive areas of the country.力口拿大:Water is one of the most important natural resources in Canada.Almost half of the land area of Canada is covered by forests. Canada ranks third,in the production of lumber and other forest products in the world.The largest producer of newsprint in the world.Canada is a primary world producer of nickle,zine and asbestoes,and comes second in potash,third in gold and fourth in copper.Canada is a major world supplier of uranium.Experts believe that the cold fields of Canada may be among the largest in the world.A great deposit of petroleum was discovered south of Edmonton in Alberta. About two thurdsof Canada's petroleum and about four fifths of its natural gas come from Alberta.澳大利亚:Australia is one of the world's biggest producers of minerals and metals.It has major deposits of bauxite,mineral sands,diamonds,and black and brown coal,and large reserves of ores containing gold,lead,zinc,iron,copper,nikel,manganese and uranium. It is the world largest exporter of coal,and a major exporter of uranium.新西兰:There is an increasingly large share of energy comes from local resources:natural gas,crude oil,hydroelectricity and geothermal steam. Coal is of growing importance.Solar energy,vegetable oils and ethylalcohol from fermentation make small contributions.%1.农业英国:The Britain were pioneers in modern agriculture and were among the first to bring science and machinery to farming.The new farming has been called "agribusiness" .There are mainly six farming types in Britain.They are arable farning,dairy fariming, stock farming,mixed farming,hill farming and market gardening.Because of the cool climate,apples,pears and plums grwo very well in Britain.The North Sea has very good fishing grounds.美国:Yet the United States grows nearly one fourth of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.It ranks first,second,or third in the production and export of corn, wheat, rice, soybeans, oranges, meat,milk, apples,oats,cotton,tobaoo, peanuts,and edible vegetable oil.（具体的在什么地方种什么东西可以参照书上P289-291）爱尔兰:Agriculture generates anestimated 11% of the Ireland GNRemploys 17% of the labour force and produces 25% of total exports.The most signigicant recent development in Irish agriculture has been membership in the European Community.加拿大:The land used for agriculture makes up only 7 % in Canada. Canada farms specialize in producing wheat,food crops for animals dairy products,and fruit.Fishing and mining are quiteimportant.The Canada Prairie is the centre of a rich wheat belt.Eastern Canada is noted for a variety of farm products.Dairying is in the lowlands of Quebec and Ontario.Fruits are grown in Western Nova Scotia.澳大利亚:Today,agriculture is the nation's largest and most diverse industry. Australia is one of the world's leading producers of food and natural fibres. Australia is the world's largest exporter of wool,the second largest exporter of meat,the third largest exporter of wheat and a major international supplier of sugar,dairy products,fruits,cotton and rice.Australia's agriculture importance has declined in recent years.新西兰:Vineyards produce international award-winning red and white wines.%1.制造业，工业英国:The textile is one of Britain's oldest.Textiles were on of the country's most vauluable exports.Britain became a world leader in shipbuilding during the middle of the 19th century.The two main centres for shipbuilding were on the River Tyne near Newcastle,England and on the Clyde near Glasgow in Scotland.The Britain motor industry now dominated by four firms(Ford,the RoverGroup,GM-Vauxhall,and Peugeot)There are three areas in Britain which have seen some high-tech industrial growth. Scotland has Europe's largest collection of foreign-owned chip factories.Over 90% of the companies are from the U.S. A.,Japan,the Netherlands and germany.美国:The untied States ranks first,second,third or fourth in the world in the production of crude steel,passenger cars,commercial vehicles,chemi cals,radio sets,television sets,and other manufacturing goods.Manufacturing accounts for about one quarter of theGDRabout one quarter of the national income,and over one fifth of the work force.The industrial regions are the Midwest(the nations's leading centre of heavy industry) round the Great Lakes,the Middle Atlantic states,the South,and the Pacific Coast.爱尔兰:Since the 1961 s,manufactuing has become the mainstay of the Irish economy.Of industrial employment,66% are employed in manufacting.力口拿大:Manufacturing is the mst important economic activity in Canada.Food processing is the leading industry. The manufacture of transportation equipment ranks second. The production of paper and paper related products ranks third, metal products are also important.澳大利亚:The mining industry in Australia has faced new problems in recent years.Australia's service sector is the fastest-growing sector of industry.lt has been growing in importance in recent years.新西兰:There are two steel comanies:New Zealand Steel which uses iron sands from the west coast of North Island,and Pacific Steel which reuses scrap iron.New Zealand is a world leader in the CNA(compressed natural gas) industry.Garments,fabrics and carpets are exported.The fishing industry has expanded greatly and is now the 4th largest export earner.%1.对外贸易英国:Britain is the fifth largest trading country in the world.Napoleon called it a "nation of shopkeepers".Britain's foreign trade is mainly with other developed countries.which accounts for 79% of exports and 85% of imports. About half with EC.Traditionally,Britain has had a deficit on visible trade and a surplus on invisible trade.美国:Currenty U.S. exports are about 15% of the world's total.The Unites States imports about 13% of all world imports.Canada is the largest single source og goods imported by the U.S.‘accounting for nearly 30% of the total. Outside of North America,Europe is the largest source of imports with about 30%,Asia provides about 18%,with smaller percentages from Latin America,Africa,and Australia.爱尔兰:Successive Irish governments have adopted a consistent and postive approoach toward attracting overseas investment.The new foreign firms now account for over 70% of manufactured exports.Ireland is new an industrial exporter.Manufactured goods account for about two-thirds of total wxports.力口拿大:A total about four fifths of all foreign investments in Canada are American.澳大利亚:Australia is a middle-level trading nation.The main feature of Australia's trade is that it has always involved the exchange of raw materials for finished products.Australia's trade relations with China have been developing rapidly in recent years. China accouts for about 3% of Australian total exports.新西兰:Trade is New Zealand's linelihood.Foreign investment is increasing and financial markets are active.Western Europe and particularly Britain have traditionally been New Zealand's major export market.The main imports are industrial raw materials,capital equipment and consumer goods.New Zealand is the world's largest exporter of lamb and mutton as well as dairy products.%1.当今面临的问题英国:Britain is the oldest industrial country in the world.The term "Britain disease" is noew often used to characterise Britain's economic decline.The Evolution of the Britain Economy since the War: 1.Steady development in the 50s and 60s.2.Economic recession in the 70s.3.Economic recovery in the 80s.这里有一部分是撒切尔的宏，微观措施比较重要(P91-92)Irel and FiannaFail,TheSenate,美国:The Untied States has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector. So the economy system of the United States is principally privately owned.But today,many of American people still live under the poverty line.Unemployment,inflation,finacial deficit,and trade deficit are the troubles that always face the United States.爱尔兰:The value of imports generally exceeds that of exports. That's why Ireland has a chronic negative balance of trade.Continuing dependence on imported oil is one of the reasons for the high import bill.力口拿大:In the past few years ho we ver,C anada' s unemployment rate has been high.But what is worth nothing is that the cost for manufacturing has increased while the productivity per worker has decreased as compared with the United States or with its ten trading partners.While Canada has one of the world's highest standards of living,not all regions of the country have enjoyed the same degree of prosperity.Some measures have been taken by the Federal government to help those slow grownth regions. 澳大利亚:Problems of Australia economy: 1 .Over-reliance on commodityexports.2.Failure to share in the expansion of international trade.3.The decline of manufaturing industries and the effects of tariffs.Country Party system HousesBritain The conservative Party, The House of Commons The Labour Party The House of Lorbs The U.S. The Democrats, The Senate,The Republic The House of RepresentativesFine Gael The House of RepresentativesAustralia The Labour Party, The Senate,the Liberal and National Party The House of RepresentativesNew Zealand The National Party,The Labour Party The House of RepresentativesCanada The Liberal Party, The Senate,the Progressive Conservative Party The House of Representatives考试前注意事项考前准备：一、欲善其事，必先利其器。
英语国家概况的复习资料
英语国家概况的复习资料英语国家概况考试题型如下：1.选择题（30 X 1’）2.填空题（20 X 1’）3.简答（10 X 2’）--必须回答完整的句子4.分析题（6 X 5’）-- 必须回答完整的句子总分100 分主要内容包括：一．U.S. Geography1.Full name of U.S..2.Number of States: 50 states.3.After President Jefferson brought the Louisiana territory from France there was a desire forterritorial expansion among many frontier men.4.The U.S. has a land area of 9.3 million square kilometers. The fourth largest countries.5.Taxas is the largest mainland state of the U.S.. Alaska is the largest state of the U.S..6.Hawaii is in the Pacific Ocean.7.America’s movies are mostly made in Hollywood near the city of Los Angeles in southCalifornia.二．U.S. People1.The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the US is the Blacks (Afriican-Americans).2.The “first Americans” were the Indians.3.The Asian-Americans are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United States.4.The first permanent settlement in North America wasesta blished in today’s V erginia in theyear of 1607.5.The “Three Faiths” in the U.S. refer to:ProtestanCatholicJewish6.The majority of the Catholics in the U.S. are descendants of immigrants from Ireland, Italyand Poland.7.American society is a stratified one in which power, wealth and pestige are unequallydistributed among the population.8.WASP stands for White Anglo-Saxon Protestant.三．Economy1.Services sector (industry) of the economy employs the most American.2.U.S. Federal law prohibits emplyment discrimination on the basis of:RaceLanguageDisability3.The American economy is characterized by a high degree of monoply.4.Mid-west is the nation’s leading center of heavy industry in the United States.5.Microsoft is the largest software company now in the United States.6.Give examples of industries which are decling, and industries which sare fast developing inthe U.S..( P70倒数第一行到P71 第一段)四．Policy1.When was the United States Constitution drafted?In 17872.How long are terms for Senators?6 years.3.How long are terme for members of House of Representatives?2 years4.What are the terms of office for Supreme Court justices?Life.5.Which U.S. President said: “Government of the people, by the people, for the people shall notperish from the ea rth.”---- Abraham Lincoln6.The American Constitution is the oldest written constitution in the world.7.The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Second Continented Congress on July 4,1776.8.The United States and the People’s Republic of China established diplomatic relations in1979.9.The president of the United States is the head of the executive branch.10.Presidential election is held every 4 years in November in the U.S.A..11.What are the two major political parties in the United States? And their symbols? (P59)One is the Democtatic Party. Symbol is donkey.The other one is the Republican Party. Symbol is elephant.12.What does “FBI” stand for?Federal Bureau of Investigation.13.Who were the two famous leaders assassinated in American History?They are J.F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln.14.Wat are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the U.S. government? Howare the three branches supposed to check and balance each other? （这题没有统一答案，请大家参考书本P55-P58里面的内容自己组织。
英美概况知识点总结(吐血编写)
Survey of the USA Foundation: 1776.7.4. The fourth largest country in the world Position: the central part of North America; Alaska in the northwestern part of North America and Hawaii inthe central Pacific Ocean.Northern temperature zone.North: Canada; South: Mexico, the Gulf of Mexico; East: Atlantic Ocean; West: Pacific Ocean Area: 6% of the Earth ≈ the whole Europe(三大河流体系)The three river systems in the USA ar e: the system of the Gulf of Mexico, the system of the Atlantic Ocean and the system of the Pacific Ocean.(三大山脉) three great mountain ranges: the Appalachian Mountains, the Rocky Mountains and the Great Cordillera Mountain Range.(the Pacific河流体系的两大河流) the Columbia River and the Colorado River.(美国/世界最长的河流)the Mississippi Rive r is the most important river in the system of the Gulf. The Rocky Mountains(落基山脉) are “the backbone of the continent”.Great lake(美国五大湖) They are located in the northeast part of America. 由西至东:Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.(黄石国家公园)Yellowstone National Park，Wyoming /(大峡谷)Grand Canyon/Three basic geographical areas or surface regions:1) The Atlantic Seacoast and the Appalachian Mountains in the eastEastern Coastal Plain; The first 13 colonies ：1624, Virginia 1629, New Hampshire 1632, Maryland1662, Connecticut 1663, Rhode Island 1664, New York 1664, New Jersey 1681, Pennsylvania 1682, Delaware 1691, Massachusetts 1713, North Carolina 1713, South Carolina 1732, Georgia2) The great Mississippi River Valley in the middleBetween Appalachian and the Rocky Mountains, 2,000 km from east to westChicago Great Plain: west part of Mississippi Valley3) The Rockies west to the Pacific OceanRocky Mountains: the backbone of the continentYellow Stone National Park,Hoover Dam Las Vegas, the gambling cityDeath Valley: 85m below the sea level, the lowest place with the highest temperature in America The highest point: Denali in Alaska (20,320 feet)Silicon Valley – the center of America’s electronic industryThree river systems: one of the Gulf of Mexico, one of the Atlantic Ocean, one of the Pacific OceanMississippi River: the third longest river in the world (Nile River, Amazon River) “Father of Waters”Lake Superior: the largest fresh water lake of its kind in the world (only after the largest inland lake Caspian Sea – salt water lake)Lake Michigan is wholly within the USANiagara Falls: Lake Erie & Lake OntarioGreat Salt Lake: the largest inland salt lake in North AmericaThree mountain ranges The Appalachian Mountains，The Rocky Mountains，The Great Cordillera MountainPeople：European origin: 80% Melting pot Indians: original inhabitantsNational Anthem: the Star-Spangled BannerNational Flag: The Stars and StripesAt the left side on the top: blue background with white stars – 9 lines of stars (six, five); 13 stripes: red and white; red – bravery, white – freedom, blue – loyalty and justiceFifty stars: fifty states; thirteen stripes: thirteen coloniesSurvey of UK (=the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)Position: Northwestern Europe To the north of France, the west of the Netherlands, Denmark and NorwayComposition(Capital): England(London), Scotland(Edinburgh), Wales(Cardiff), Northern Ireland(Belfast)Geographic features:The Highland Zone: north and westThe Lowland Zone: south and southeastThe Pennines has been called “the backbone of England”.(第一长河流)Severn River (第二长河流)Thames River(最大的内陆湖)Lough Neagh which is located in Northern Ireland.Weather: Dreary, the rain in protracted drizzle but not in heavy ck of sunshine: overcast skies and fogFactors influencing English weatherA. the shores of the British Isles: warm stream North Atlantic Drift北大西洋暖流B. westerly wind belt: the west wind from the Atlantic Ocean is mild and moist西风带C. the configuration of Britain, particularly numerous inlets make oceanic influences penetrate more effectivelyNational Anthem: God Save the Queen (King).The anthem demonstrates the spirit of the social system in terms of constitutional monarchy.National Flag: Union Jack: combines the crosses of St. George, St. Andrew, and St. Patrick (England)St. George’s cross was rectangular, red on a white background(Scotland)St. Andrew’s cross was diagonal, white on a blue background(Ireland)St. Patrick’s cross was red on a white backgroundPeople: Anglo- Saxons, CeltsBritish History:Roman Occupation(55 B.C. – 410)55 B.C., the Romans under Julius Caesar invaded Britain; influence Celtic43 A.D.: successful invasion Failed to conquer ScotlandBuilt two great walls: Hadrian’s Wall, Antonine WallInfluence The invasion marked the beginning of English recorded history.Roman civilization: baths, temples, amphitheatres, roads, cultivation, organized government, towns, minerals (lead, iron, pottery) New religion: ChristianityNo impact on the language or culture because Romans always treated the Britons as a lave class; no intermarry.Norman Conquestthe Middle English period: the Great English Vowel Shift; French’s influenceWilliam the Conqueror : the first Anglo-Norman king of England, the first king to be crowned in Westminster Abbey the Battle of Hastings – October 14th, 1066Influence Sped up the development of feudalism in England。
英语国家概况(谢福之版)总复习资料
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 英语国家概况(谢福之版)总复习资料.The United Kingdom of Great Britain andNorthern IrelandChapter 1 Geography, People and Language全名: the United Kingdom of Great Britain（大不列颠联合王国）and Northern Ireland （北爱尔兰） . 由成千上万的小岛组成（the British Isles）. 两大岛屿：Great Britain（大不列颠） and Ireland （爱尔兰）The River Thames (second longest and most important),originates（起源于）in southwestern England -----North Sea. Scotland ( Edinburgh 爱丁堡) important river:Clyde River kilts（苏克兰小短裙） Wales( Cardiff 加迪夫，著名港口).The Severn River is the longest river of Britain------flow through western England. Northern Ireland (Belfast 贝尔法斯特，首府)Lough Neagh----the largest lake in the British Isles. Climate: temperate, with warm summers, cool winters and plentiful precipitation(降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛 Three major features: winter fog, rainy day, instability 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定 London---Buckingham Palace（白金汉宫）, Guildhall (市政厅),St. Paul’s Cathedral（圣保罗大教堂）, The Tower Bridge of London（伦敦塔桥） The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe. 大部分的人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，从1/ 18欧洲来的日耳曼人Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people, including the Irish people 威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人English belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. English is in the Germanic group.英语属于日耳曼语语系Germanic group: East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group.日耳曼语系：东日耳曼语，北日耳曼语，西日耳曼语。
英语国家概况考试复习资料
一、单选题1._______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war ajust war against slavery.A、Frederick DouglassB、George WashingtonC、John AdamsD、Abraham Lincoln答案： D2.The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A、Paul RevereB、John LockeC、CornwallisD、Frederick Douglass答案： B3.The United States grows nearly _____ of the world's grain and supplies a half of all the exports ofgrain in the worlD.A、one thirdB、one fourthC、one sixthD、one seventh答案： B4.In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A、1957B、1967C、1973D、1979答案： C5.The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A、30, Richard III, Henry TudorB、50, Richard III, Henry TudorC、30, Richard I, Henry TudorD、50, Richard I, Henry Tudor答案： A6.About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A、independent schoolsB、junior schoolsC、independent schoolsD、primary schools答案： D二、 判断题7.The exploratory voyage made by ______ brought to a close to an era of European discovery ofAustralia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.A 、Arthur PhilipB 、Mathew FlindersC 、Port JacksonD 、Peter Lalor答案： B8.In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers inthe New LanD.A 、1620, LondonB 、1620, PlymouthC 、1720, LondonD 、1720, Plymouth答案： B9.After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain's lead and declared war on________.A 、JapanB 、TurkeyC 、ItalyD 、Germany答案： D10.In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies ________ of total energy.A 、15%B 、16%C 、17%D 、18%答案： C1.In 1215, King Egbert united England under his rule.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误2.By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确3.In Britain, "Football hooligans" sometimes have violent clashes.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确三、 名词解释4.The UK economy is thought of as one of decline because Britain is poorer and producing less thanit was in 1945.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误5.The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by KingHarold.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误6.Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确7.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误8.British government offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 错误9.Britain has no written form of Constitution.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确10.British government is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.A 、正确B 、错误答案： 正确1.Puritans答案： After the establishment of the Church of England in England, the people who believe in the Church of England are called Puritans,who think they are the devoted worshipers of divine God, and they are purified.2.Louisiana Purchase答案： In 1803, President Jefferson, by taking advantage of the war in Europe, made Napoleon I agree to sell Louisiana Territory for $15million. This was a vast region of more than 2.6 million square kilometers. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the territory of the new nation.四、问答题1.What kind of economic system does the United States have?答案： The U.S. has a free market economy with a dominant private sector.。
Daniel 专八人文概况知识复习重点指南
Daniel 专八人文知识复习重点指南综述：英美概况可以按照国别的经线和地理、历史民族、政治、宗教、教育、大众传媒、文化的纬线交织进行复习。
英美文学可以按照历史时期的经线和流派、作家、作品的纬线进行复习、语言学可以按照概念与运用的经线和语言学分支科学的纬线进行复习。
1．英语国家概况指点框架。
1）国别与地区的经线：英美两国与英联邦重要的国家。
美国、英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰、爱尔兰2）英语国家社会与文化知识的纬线、（1）地理：其中有关城市的题目出现率最高。
City of London，世界最大金融中心之一，东西伦敦。
Birmingham，伯明翰，英国第二大城市，工业城市。
Manchester，曼彻斯特，西北部政治文化中心，世界工业革命故乡。
Liverpool，利物浦，大工业中心。
York，约克，英国最大的郡约克郡首府（Yorkshire），北部城市。
Southampton，南安普顿，英国历史名城，五月花1620从此驶往北美大陆，1912泰坦尼克开始灾难性处女航。
爱丁堡（Edinburgh），苏格兰首府，文化古城，有“北方雅典”之称（Northern Athens）；Glasgow，格拉斯哥，英国第三大城市，苏格兰第一大城市。
贝尔法斯特（Belfast），北爱尔兰首府，卡地夫（Cardiff），威尔士首府。
美国：华盛顿，首都；纽约，第一大城市；芝加哥，第二大城市，洛杉矶，第三大。
华盛顿哥伦比亚特区（Washington D.C.），为纪念华盛顿哥伦布而得名。
加拿大：渥太华（Ottawa），首都；多伦多（Toronto）第一大城市，蒙特利尔(Montreal),第二大城市，在以法国文化特色著称的魁北克省（Quebec），温哥华（Vancouver），第三大城市，西南部港口。
澳大利亚：堪培拉（Canberra），首都，悉尼（Sydney），第一大城市，澳大利亚东部港市，新南威尔士州首府；墨尔本（Melbourne），第二大城市；佩斯（Perth），西部重要城市。
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1. The continental United States lies in the central North American with ____ toits east and ____ to its west.A. the pacific ocean, the Atlantic oceanB. the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific OceanC. the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of MexicoD. the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean2. Among the Great Lakes, _____ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan3. The Appalachians run from ____ to ____.A. the north, the southB. the east, the westC. the northwest, the southeastD. the northeast, the southwest4. The biggest city in the U.S. is ____.A. Los AngelesB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco5. The ____ River meets the Atlantic Ocean at New York City.A. PotomacB. HudsonC. ColumbiaD. Colorado6. Hawaii became the fiftieth state of the United States in ____.A. 1948B. 1950C. 1956D. 19597. ____ is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Eire8. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United Sates is ___.A. the HispanicsB. the Asian-AmericansC. the IndiansD. the blacks9. The Grand Canyon is located in the state of ____.A. ColoradoB. CaliforniaC. ArizonaD. New Mexcio10. ____ are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United Sates.A. the BlacksB. The HispanicsC. the Asian-AmericansD. the Indians11. The ____ River has been called the American Ruhr.A. MississippiB. OhioC. MissouriD. Colorado12. The Mississippi River flows to ____.A. the Atlantic OceanB. the Gulf of CaliforniaC. the Gulf of MexicoD. the Pacific Ocean13. The U.S. produces nearly ___ of the corn in the world.• A. 25% B. 35% C. 40% D. 50%14. ____ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.• A. The Midwest B. the Great Plains• C. New England D. the South15．The Snow belt areas in the united States refer to North.16. The chief industry in the Rocky Mountains is ____• A. the tourist trade B. mining• C. textile industry D. iron and steel17. The United States is the ____ most populous country in the world.• A. third B. fourth C. fifth D. sixth18. New York is located in ___.A. the MidwestB. the Middle Atlantic regionC. New EnglandD. the great Plains19. The United States is the ____ largest country in the world.• A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth20. ___ is the home of the space center in the U.S.• A. Houston B. Dallas• C. New Orleans D. Miami•••21. The Midwest states lies in the ___ part of the U.S.• A. western B. southern C. northern D. northwestern•22. The smallest state in the U.S. is ____.• A. Washington B. Rhode island• C. Hawaii D. Maryland••23. In the U.S., the largest city along the Pacific Coast is _____. • A. Los Angeles B. San Francisco• C. Seattle D. Portland•24. The first industrial area in the United Sates is _____.• A. New England• B. the Middle Atlantic• C. the Midwest D. the South••25. _____ is the largest city of the Great Plains of the U.S.• A. Colorado B. Los Angeles• C. Salt Lake City D. Denver•26. The largest state on the mainland of the United States is _____. • A. California B. Texas• C. Alaska D. Arizona••27. The largest and busiest port on the great Lakes is ___.• A. New York B. Chicago• C. Detroit D. St. Louis•28. The sunbelt areas in the united States refer to _____.• A. the East and the North• B. the North and the West• C. the west and the South• D. the east and the South••29. The newest state in the United States is _____.• A. New Mexico B. Alaska• C. California D. Hawaii••30. The state of ____ is the leading state in oil and natural gas deposits in the U.S.• A. California B. New Mexico• C. Florida D. Texas31. The Rustbelt areas refers to Northeastern USA32. Please list five metropolitans which located on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. (Boston-Washington corridor )Boston, Massachusetts, new York city, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C.33. __Florida______is the southern-most city( exclusive of Hawaii).34. The highest summits in the US. is Mt. Mckinley35. The national flag of the United States is known as ____.A. the star-spangled BannarB. Uncle SamC. Got DogD. Union Jack36. The Niagara Falls is located on thee US and the Canadian boundary between Lake _________ and Lake ________.A. Superior, HuronB. Michigan, HuronC. Huron, EireD. Eire, Ontario37．Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II38．Westminster Palace is the ___________.A.seat of British House of ParliamentB.seat of English ChurchC.residence of king and queenD.Residence of Prime Minster39．No. 10 Downing Street is ________.A.Office of British NavyB.Official residence of Prime MinsterC.Seat of English parliamentD.Official residence of King40．The American Civil War lasted from _______ to _______.A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186741．In the U.S., the senatorial term is _________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 842．The______ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists 43．Among the Great Lakes, ______ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan44．_____ was Britain’s first colony in America.A .PlymouthB .JamestownC .PhiladelphiaD .New York45．______ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that he got the nickname “Farmer George”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV46．During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as _____.A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army47．The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ______.A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet UnionMock Test.1. The official name of the United Kingdom is______.A .the United Kingdom of Great BritainB .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandC .the United Kingdom of Britain and Northern IrelandD .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. It was under______ that the feudal system in England was completely established.A .HaroldB .WilliamC .HenryD .Edward3 .The largest and most important museum in Britain is______.A .the British MuseumB .the Victoria and Albert MuseumC .the Imperial War MuseumD .the National Gallery4. Which of the following is not a political division on the island of Great Britain?A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .Northern IrelandD .Wales5. The highest peak in Britain is______.A .Ben NevisB .ScafellC .SnowdoniaD .Cross Fell6. The first known settlers of Britain were______.A .the IberaiansB .the Bearker FolkC .the CeltsD .the Romans7. The Wars of the Roses lasted from ______ to______.A.1455, 1465B.1455, 1475C.1455, 1485D.1455, 14958. The religious change from Catholicism toward Protestant theology in England was called “______”.A .RenaissanceB .ReformationC .RevolutionD .Evolution9. A British Parliament has a maximum duration of______ years.A .3B .4C .5D .610. In criminal trials, the______ decides the issue of guilt or innocence.A .judgeB .lawyerC .juryD .audience11. The first English colony in America was founded in______.A .1593B .1607C .1618D .162012. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel inthe______ and the North Sea in the______.A .south, westB .south, eastC .north, westD .north, east13. The first successful Roman conquest in Britain was led by______.A .Julius CaesarB .ClaudiusC .AgricolaD .Constantine14.______ served as the new cultural centers in England during the reign of the Norman kings.A .The schoolsB .The monasteriesC .The royal courtD .The big towns15. The House of Lancaster was symbolized by the______ rose, while that of York was symbolized by the______ rose.A .white, blackB .white, redC .red, whiteD .black, red16. In Britain, the ultimate authority for law-making resides in______.A .the House of LordsB .the Hose of CommonsC .the QueenD .the Prince of Wales17. Which of the following statements is not true about the contributions made by the Anglo-Saxons to English state?A .They divided the country into shires.B .They devised the narrow-strip, three-field farming system.C .They created the manorial system and the Witan.D .They established the complete feudal system in England.18. The narrowest part of the English Channel is the Straits of Dover, which is only______ km across.A .25B .35C .43D .5019. Which of the following statements is not true about William’s policy towardthe church in England?A .He kept the church completely in his control and tried to suppress its power.B .He appointed the Italian-born Lanfranc to be Archbishop of Canterbury.C .He encouraged the church to have a closer relationship with Rome.D .He took care to maintain the independence of the church.20. The Magna Carta had altogether______ clauses.A .50B .53C .58D .6321. The______ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained______growth rate and______ inflation rate.A .the highest, the highestB .the lowest, the lowestC .the highest, the lowestD .the lowest, the highest23. The House of Lord is presided over by the______.A .Archbishop of CanterburyB .Lord ChancellorC .QueenD .Archbishop of York24. The capital of Scotland is______.A .BelfastB .CardiffC .EdinburghD .Dublin25. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?A .About 200 yearsB .About 300 yearsC .About 400 yearsD .About 500 years26. Which of the following statements is not among the causes of the hundredyears’ war between England and France?A .The French king wanted to take back the territory occupied by England.B .Both English and French kings wanted to control the Flemish clothmanufacturing towns.C .England wanted to stop France from giving aid to the Scots.D .The English refused to recognize Edward as their king.27. Mrs. Thatcher was British Prime Minister from______.A .1980, 1990B .1982, 1988C .1979, 1990 D.1979, 198428. The present Sovereign of Britain is______.A .PhilipB .Elizabeth IC .Elizabeth IID .Charles29. Britain’s most popular pastime is______.A .reading newspaperB .watching TVC .playing footballD .horse racing30. The destruction of the______ in 1588 showed England’s superiority as a naval power under Elizabeth I’s reign.A .French FleetB .Spanish ArmadaC .Danish VikingsD .Portuguese Navy31. The replacement of James II by William and Mary has been known as______.A .the Glorious RevolutionB .the RestorationC .the ReformationD .the Renaissance32. The decade of 1980s is remembered in Britain as the era of______.A .centralizationB .nationalizationC .privatizationD .industrialization33. The Church of Scotland is a______ church.A .MethodistB .BaptistC .PresbyterianD .Catholic34. The longest river in Britain is______.A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River35.______ were the people who laid foundation of the English state.A .The CeltB .The RomansC .The JutesD .The Anglo-Saxons36. Mrs. Thatcher’s Medium-term Financial Strategy was characterized by______.A .prices controlB .incomes controlC .state interventionismD .privatization37. The British Prime Minister is appointed by______.A .the QueenB .the SpeakerC .the House of CommonsD .the House of Lords38.______ is the highest judiciary officer in Britain.A .The Lord ChancellorB .The Home SecretaryC .The Attorney GeneralD .The Prime Minister39. The well-known Lake District in Britain is located in______.A .north ScotlandB .north-west EnglandC .north WalesD .Northern Ireland40. Which of the following statements is not among the achievements of King Alfred?A .He defeated the Danes and conquered Denmark.B .He translated Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People into English.C .He founded a strong fleet and became known as “ the father of the British navy”.D .He established a number of schools.41. Henry VIII was above all responsible for the______ reform in England.A .militaryB .economicC .socialD .religious42. The______ presides over the House of Commons and enforces the rules of order.A .Prime MinisterB .SpeakerC .Lord ChancellorD .Queen43.______ is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the United Kingdom.A .The High CourtB .The Supreme Court of JudicatureC .The House of LordD .The Court of Appeal44. Around which time period did the Celts start to arrive in Britain?______A .3000 B.C.B .2000 B.C.C .700 B.C.D .500 B.C.45. The death of King______ marked the perishing of Anglo-Saxon England.A .AlfredB .EdwardC .HaroldD .William46. England has been a Protestant country since the reign of______.A .Henry VIIIB .Edward VIC .Mary Tudor D.Elizabeth I47.______ was Britain’s first colony in America.A .PlymouthB .JamestownC .PhiladelphiaD .New York48. In 1838, the London Working Men’s Association put forward a charter of political demands, which was called a “______”.A .Great CharterB .Greater CharterC .People’s CharterD .new Poor Law49. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain?______A .microprocessorsB .computersC .biotechnologyD .motor vehicle50. The head of State in Britain is______.A .the king or queenB .Prime MinisterC .ParliamentD .Prince of Wales51. In Great Britain, the______ is uniquely related to the Crown.A .Church of EnglandB .Church of ScotlandC .Church of IrelandD .Church of Wales52. Among the four political divisions of Britain, ______ is the most denselypopulated.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .WalesD .Northern Ireland53. “The Danelaw” refers to the______ part of England which was occupied by the Danes in King Alfred’s time.A .south and eastB .north and eastC .south and westD .north and west54. The hundred years’ war between England and France was declared by______.A .Henry IIIB .Edward IC .Edward IIID .Henry V55.______ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that hegot the nickname “Farmer George”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV56. The end of Britain’s empire was hastened by______.A .World War IB .the Great DepressionC .World War IID .the Korean War57. The Prime Minister in Britain is chairman of the______.A .shadow cabinetB .cabinetC .ParliamentD .Opposition58. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from______.A .the 11th and 12th centuriesB .the 12th and 13th centuriesC .the 14th and 15th centuriesD .the 18th and 19th centuries59. Which of the following statements is not true about St.Augustine?A .He was sent by Pope Gregory I to England.B .He was the first Archbiship of Canterbury.C .He was remarkably successful in converting the king and the nobility.D .One of his greatest achievements was to have converted large numbers of common people in Britain.60. The Black Death spread through Europe in the______ century.A .13thB .14thC .15thD .16th61. There were______ Tudor monarchs who ruled England and Wales and the first one was______.A .4, Henry VB .5, Henry VIIC .6, Henry VIID .7, Henry VIII62. The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 was a______ conspiracy.A .ScottishB .CatholicC .PuritanD .Spanish63. The British Labor Party got its name in_______.A .1893B .1899C .1900D .190664 .The members of______ in Britain have also been known as dissenters ornonconformists.A .the Anglican ChurchesB .the Church of EnglandC .the Roman Catholic ChurchD .the Free Churches65. Which of the following people are not descendants of the Celts ?A .EnglishB .ScotsC .WelshD .Irish66. Which of the following statements is not true about Canute?A .He became King of England in 1016.B .He made England part of a Scandinavian empire.C .He divided power between Danes and Saxons.D .He formulated a legal system in England.67. James I was son of______.A .Mary TudorB .Mary StuartC .Elizabeth ID .Edward VI68. Greater London is divided into 32______ and the City of London.A .districtsB .countiesC .boroughsD .regions69. The largest church of the Free Churches in Britain is______.A .the Baptist ChurchB .the Presbyterian ChurchC .the Methodist ChurchD .the United Reformed Church70. The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive from the gods in______.A .DruidismB .ChristianityC .the Teutonic religionD .Roman Catholicism71. As a transitional period, Renaissance covered the years between______and______.A .1150, 1450B .1250, 1550C .1350, 1650D .1450, 175072.______ is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.A .The RenaissanceB .The English ReformationC .The English Civil WarD .the Glorious Revolution73. Which of the following countries was not a member of the “Allies” during World War I?A .BritainB .FranceC .RussiaD .Germany74 .Among the following industrial cities,______ is not based on coalfields.A .LondonB .GlasgowC .EdinburghD .Manchester75. To Scots, the most important festival is______.A .Christmas DayB .New Year’s EveC .EasterD .Whit Sundays that begin with M’, Mc or Mac are______ names.A .EnglishB .WelshC .ScottishD .Irish77. The first Christian church in Britain was established in______.A .LondonB .YorkC .CanterburyD .Bath78. The Magna Carta was signed by King John in______.A .1213B .1214C .1215D .121679. The Petition of Right was also regarded as the______.A .Magna CartaB .General PardonC .Grand RemonstranceD .second Magna Carta80. The British East India Company was established in______.A .1500B .1600C .1700D .180081. The Midlands refers to the area of______.A .central EnglandB .central Lowlands of ScotlandC .North-East EnglandD .North Wales82. By tradition, the Prime Minister of Britain is also First Lord of______.A .the TreasuryB .the Home OfficeC .the Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeD .the Ministry of Defense83. Easter is a Christian festival that celebrates______.A .the birth of ChristB .the resurrection of ChristC .the coming of the Holy Spirit to Christ’s apostlesD .the death of Christ84. The most important river in Britain is______.A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River85. Margaret Thatcher was leader of the______ Party.A .ConservativeB .LaborC .LiberalD .Democratic86. In December 1653, Oliver Cromwell was made______ of the Commonwealth of England.A .KingB .GeneralC .Lord ProtectorD .Lord Chancellor87. There are now______ Roman Catholic provinces in Great Britain.A .5B .7C .9D .1088. Football has its traditional home in______.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .FranceD .Italy89.______ is the most typically English of sports.A .FootballB .RugbyC .CricketD .Horse racing90. King______ was known of his piety as “the Confessor”.A .AlfredB .CanuteC .EdwardD .William91. Henry VIII’ s religious reform began as a struggle for______.A .powerB .a divorceC .equalityD .peace92. In Britain the last stage for a bill to become law as Acts of parliament is called______.A .First and Second ReadingsB .Royal AssentC .Third ReadingD .Committee stage93. The______ are Anglo-Saxons.A .EnglishB .ScotsC .WelshD .Irish94. Which of the following statements is not true about the jury system in the reign of Henry II?A .It was replacing old English ordeals by fire and water and old Norman trials by battle.B .A jury was composed of twelve men.C .The jurors’ function was not only to act as witnesses, but to hear evidences and give verdict.D .It was originated from primitive trials in which witnesses were called forward to swear to the innocence of the accused.95. It was______ that united the Houses of Lancaster and York.A .Edward VB .Richard IIIC .Henry TudorD .John Beaufont96. During the First Civil War of England, the supporters of Parliament werecalled______.A .CavaliersB .RoundheadsC .RoyalistsD .Crusaders97. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from______.A .ManchesterB .LiverpoolC .LondonD .Edinburgh98. England got its name “Angle” land from______.A .the CeltsB .the RomansC .the Germanic conquerorsD .the Danes99. Which city used to be the Roman capital in Britain?A .LondonB .YorkC .BathD .Edinburgh100. Which of the following statements is not true about Henry VII?A .He was said to have murdered Edward V and his brother.B .During his reign he refilled the royal treasury through loans, subsidies, property levies and fines.C .He was able to build up England’s navy and foreign trade.D .He forbade the nobles to keep excessive power.101. The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship without the consent of______.A .ParliamentB .the archbishop of CanterburyC .the archbishop of YorkD .the Queen102. The home of golf is______.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .FranceD .the U.S.A103. Which of the following statements is not true about Elizabeth I?A .Her religious reform was a compromise of views.B .She tried and executed her cousin Mary.C .She was succeeded by her son James VI.D .She enabled England to become a great trading and colonizing country.104. The game “Rugby” got its name from a______.A .townB .countryC .schoolD .person105. Which of the following statements is not true about William the Conqueror?A .He was Duke of Normandy.B .His cavalry was then the finest fighting horsemen in Europe.C .He was Norman.D .He was crowned as King of England at Canterbury.106. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of Britain in______.A .1930B .1935C .1940D .1945107. The Open University in Britain was founded in______.A .1958B .1969C .1970D .1975108. The Supreme Court of the U.S. consists of one Chief Justice and ____ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 10109. During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as _____.A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army110．______ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.A. The MidwestB. the Great PlainsC. New EnglandD. The south111. In the U.S., the Senatorial term is _________ years.A. 3B. 4C. 6D. 8112. The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ______.A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet Union1.The statement “A person cannot step into the same river twice.” was said by_____.A. PythagorasB. PlatoC. HeraclitusD. Democtitus2.________ said, “One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.”A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales3.________ founded the science of logic.A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales4.The Republic was written by ___________.A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales5.“Question-and-answer” technique was created by _________.A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales6.“The Renaissance” was between _________.A. 1500-1700 A.D.B. 1400-1700 A.D.C. 1300-1600 A.D. D. 1400-1600 A.D.7._________ said, “I think; therefore, I am”.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley8.__________ was called the farther of modern Rationalism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley9.________ was called the modern father of Empiricism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley10._________ combined elements of both Rationalism and Empiricism into onenew comprehensive system.A. Immanuel KantB. George HegelC. John RockD. George Berkeley11.________ were mainly interested in love, Nature and art.A. The National RomanticsB. The Universal RomanticsC. The Classical RomanticsD. The contemporary Romantics.12.The British Isles is made up of ________>A.Three large islands and hundreds of small onesB.Two large islands and hundreds of small onesC.Three large islands and dozens of small onesD.Two large islands and dozens of small ones13.The tower of London, located in the center of London, was built by _______.A. King HaroldB. William the ConquerorC. Robin HoodD. Oliver Cromwell14.Between 1337 and 1453 the ______ took place in Britain.A. Wars of RosesB. Black deathC. Hundred Years’ warD. peasants uprising15.In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without agood reason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is best reflected by an English proverb __________.A. as welcome as a stormB. an Englishmen’ s house is his castleC. don’t wear out your welcomeD. outstay one’s welcome16.Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II17.Westminster Palace is the ___________.E.seat of British House of ParliamentF.seat of English ChurchG.residence of king and queenH.Residence of Prime MinsterI.18.No. 10 Downing Street is ________.E.Office of British NavyF.Official residence of Prime MinsterG.Seat of English parliamentH.Official residence of King19.The oldest university in Britain is ________.A. Cambridge UniversityB. St. Andrews UniversityC. OxfordD. Edinburgh University20.British English is spoken in _______.A. Great BritainB. AustraliaC. New ZealandD. A,B and C21．The goal of Roosevelt’s New Deal was _________.A. to save the American economic and political systemB. to change the American economic systemC. to weaken monopoly interests in AmericaD. to nationalize banks and financial institutions in America.22．The American Civil War lasted from _______ to _______.A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186723. The American population movement between the end of the civil war and 1880 had much to do with _______.A. the westward movementB. the urbanizationC. the industrializationD. the development of hi-tech industries25. In the U.S., the senatorial term is _________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 826. The______ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.。