定语从句 名词性从句
定语从句：
1.按照句子结构分：简单句、并列句、复合句
2.复合句：由一个主句加上一个或多个从句构成的句子。
3.定语从句：在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
①定语从句的位置：放在名词或代词的后面。
如：The man who has an umbrella in his hand is my uncle. (手上抓了一把雨伞的人是我的叔叔。)
②语法术语的改变：被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词；
引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,关系词两个作用（1）连接主从句
（2）关系词在定语从句中充当一定成分。其中that、which、who、whom称为关系代词,where、when、how称为关系副词。
③关系代词或关系副词的作用：
1．关系代词who、that、whom指人,在从句中作主语（who、that）不可省。宾语（who、that、whom），作从句宾语时可省略。
He is the thief(that/who/whom) we have been looking for these days.(这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。)
2．关系代词which、that指物。它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。作从句宾语时可以省略。Please find a room (which ) we can live in. (请找一间我们能住的房间。)
注：若有介词在关系词之前指人只用whom；指物只能用which .如：to whom ;from which
3．关系代词whose作定语，表示所属关系。后名词属于先行词。
The man whose son is in our class is a famous artist.
4.关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。
如：This is the room where they had a quarrel a week ago.(这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。)
I can never forget the day when I first saw you. (我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。)
④限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。非限制性定语从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,这种从句是一种附加说明,如果从句子中省去,也不致于影响主句的意思。如：She spent the whole evening talking about her latest book,which none of us had heard of.(她一个晚上都在谈论她最近的书,我们一个人都没有听说过那本书。)
[注解]只用that不用which的几种情况：
1．当先行词是是形容最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。关系词只用that.
2.现行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。关系词只用that.
3.先行词既有人又有物只用that.
4．先行词指事物，是(all,much, little,few,something,anything，everything, nothing, none. the one等),关系词只能用that.
如：All that Lily told me seems untrue.(Lily告诉我的话似乎不真实。)
Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside?(能不能给我点里面没有糖的东西？)
This is the first two-story bus that runs in our city. (这是第一辆运行于我市的双层公交车。)
5.先行词被不定代词修饰，如(all,any,every ,few,little,no,some)
6.先行词前面有(only,one of, the only, the same,the very,the last )
7.主句已有疑问词which时。
8.有两个定于从句，其中一个已用which ,另一个宜用that.
注：
1.当关系代词紧跟在介词后面时,必须用which或whom,而当介词移到句尾时,则又可以使用that或who.
如：This is the room in which Miss Li once lived. (= This is the room Miss Li once lived in.)(这是李小姐曾经居住过的房间。)
2.若是不定代词指人，用who不用that.
3. those为先行词指人用who;指物用that.
做题过程：
1.读句。
2.分清主句与定语从句。
3.确定先行词并分清是人是物；定语从句位于先行词之后分别确定关系词，要想一下关系词在定于从句所作成分。
4.注意先行词是否有特殊词。
(1)精讲——介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
(2)介词的选取三原则
(3) 1.根据介词与先行词的搭配习惯确定介词。先行词不同，与之习惯搭配的介词也不同。同时也要注
意句意。
(4)(1)Do you still remember the day on which we met for the first time?
(5)(2)Do you still remember the days during which we worked together?
(6) 2.介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。
(7)Who is the man with whom you just shook hands？
(8) 3.根据定语从句意思的需要，此时要注意其前的搭配也要注意其后的搭配。
(9)He had a bad cold, because of which he didn't attend the meeting.
(10)T he speed at which the car runs depends on the road condition.
(11)【知识点1】
(12)直接位于介词之后的关系代词只能是which或whom，构成介词+which（指物）；介词+whom（指人）
两种结构。
(13)【例】The man to whom you talk just now is a famous runner.
(14)【例】The service about which the students complain a lot should be improved.
(15)【例】He is a library assistant from whom I borrowed some books.
(16)【例】It is a famous school from which he graduated 3 years ago.
(17)【例】The chair on which he is sitting now is made of wood.
(18)【知识点2】
(19)直接位于介词后面的关系代词不能省略，但如果将介词移于句子末尾而不位于关系代词之前时，可
省。
(20)【例】The man (who/that/whom) you talk to just now is a famous runner.
(21)【例】The service (which/that) the students complain about a lot should be improved.
(22)【知识点3】
(23)关系副词when, where, why 可以相应地转化为：介词+which结构。
(24)【例】This is the house where I lived two years ago.
(25)=This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
(26)【例】Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
(27)=Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
(28)【知识点4】
(29)有一些动词短语中的介词是固定搭配，不可以拆开，一般还是放在动语之后，不提前：
(30)【例】He is the student (who/whom/that) the teachers are looking for.
(31)【例】The number of the children (who/whom/that) she takes care of is 30.
(32)【知识点5】
(33)注意复杂介词短语+which或whom引导的定语从句，是高考考查热点。
(34)【例】They finally climbed up the mountain, on top of which many strange birds were seen.
(35)【例】Look at the photo. This is Mr. Green, in front of whom sit three students.
(36)【知识点6】
(37)不定代词+of+ which/ whom 引导的定语从句可化为of+ which/ whom+ 不定代词结构；这也是高考
常考点。其中用到的不定代词有some, any, none, both, all, many, a few, few, a little, little, either, neither, one, 等等。
(38)【例】There are 40 students in our class, most of whom（=of whom most）like English.
(39)【例】These are books written by Mark Twain, one of which（=of which one）was read to me by my father
(40)【知识点7】
(41)关系代词whose+名词引导的定语从句可转化为the+名词+of+ which / whom 或of+ which/whom+
the +名词结构；of 表所属关系。
(42)【例】I live in a room whose windows are all broken.
(43)=I live in a room of which the windows are all broken.
(44)= I live in a room the windows of which are all broken.
(45)【例】This is my teacher whose handwriting is excellent.
(46)= This is my teacher the handwriting of whom is excellent.
(47)= This is my teacher of whom the handwriting is excellent.
(48)【知识点8】
(49)由介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，当主从句主语一致时，定语从句可缩略为：介词+ which/whom+ to
do 结构。
(50)【例】I have a small room in which I live in.
(51)=I have a small room in which to live.
(52)=I have a small room to live in.
(53)【知识点9】
(54)介词后不一定只能接关系代词，可能会接关系副词，主要取决于介词及句子意思。
(55)【例】He used to live in London, from where he came from. (56)【例】He graduated from Beijing University in 1988, since when he has improved himself in all aspects.
(57)【知识点10】
(58)如何确定关系代词前的介词：将定语从句还原：构成两个搭配，即从句谓语部分与介词的适当搭配；
介词与先行词的正确搭配。
(59)【例】This is Tom Sawyer, ______ whom his teacher is proud.
(60)【析】还原：His teacher is proud ___ Tom Sawyer.构成短语：be proud of。
(61)
名词性从句讲解
在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目，在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到，并且每年的命题各有变化。分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面
1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题
2. 考查引导词that与what的区别
3. 考查it在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法
4. 考查whether与if的区别
5. 考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别
6. 考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题
语法要点剖析
一、名词性从句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
1. 主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句
（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…
It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
2. 宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：
He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。
2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
例如：I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether 与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；
b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not”时；e. 后接动词不定式时。
例如：Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用
不同时态。
例如：he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）
he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）
I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）
he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。
例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．
5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
例如：We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
3. 表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语+ 系动词+ that从句。例如：
The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning
4. 同位语从句
同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由that引导，可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：
The news that we won the game is exciting.我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。
I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 他想到可能玛丽生病了。
同位语从句和定语从句的区别：
that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。
试比较下面两个例句:
I had no idea that you were here．（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）
定语从句和名词性从句练习及答案(推荐文档)
you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 11. Who can think of a situation A. which B. that C. where D. in that A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised 13. The thought ____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife A. that B. what C. whether D. if 1. Is this the factory 2. Is this factory 3. Is this the factory he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. The wolves hid themselves in the places couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 5. Here is so difficult a question A. that no one can answer B. which nobody can answer it C. as no one can answer it D. as nobody can answer 6. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 7. Antarctic __ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 8. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 9. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 10. He has two sons, work as chemists. this idiom can be used? 12. people spend so much money on their pets us a lot.
定语从句与名词性从句的区别
名词性从句里面各个连接词的区分 陈述语气 That +陈述语气（肯定语气）： 空气污染对气候有很大影响是明摆的事实。 真可惜我们不能去游泳. 特殊疑问词+ever whoever, whatever, …… 无论谁触犯了法律都应该被惩罚。 疑问语气 Whether 和if 你是否接受她的邀请与我无关。 People are involving in a debate aboutwhether parent should parents make suggestions to teachers. 特殊疑问词 Who 谁泄漏了那个消息还不得而知。 where 我不知道要去哪里。 What 我也在质疑近来她都在做什么。 I am doubting what she is doing. It is your heart that makes you noble. What makes you noble is your heart. 我不知道要选择哪一个
How, 我不知道该怎么做 Why 1)为什么他走得那么匆忙是一个问题。 可以在后面加上疑问语气的同位从句的先行词有哪些？ Issue，problem，question，puzzle, debate，doubt 延伸：名词性从句省略主语的情况： I don’t know what to do. I don’t know what I can do. 条件是，从句里的主语和主句的主语是一样的。 非谓语动词作状语，当主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致，可以省略非谓语里面的主语，否则，应当在非谓语前面加上非谓语的主语。 Playing basketball，Mike is strong. Weather permitting, I will go out for a picnic. 时间状语从句：主干的主语与非谓语的主语一致 While eating an apple, I was playing football. 事实上是对While I was eating an apple, I was playing football. 的省略。 同位语重句
(完整版)定语从句与名词性从句专项练习题
从句 定语从句专项练习题 一、语法填空 I、用适当的关系词填空： 1、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 . 2、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized. 3、This is the boy father died three years ago. 4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting. 5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting? 6、1949 is the year the People’s Republic of China was founded. 7、They work in a factory makes radio parts. 8、They work in a factory radio parts are made. 9、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends. 10、Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends. 11、She lives in a small village, is only three miles from here. 12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, she has some friends. 13、We’ll put off the meeting till next week, we won’t be so busy. 14、The sun gives the earth light and heat, is very important to the living things.
定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法
定语从句和名词性从句中关系词的用法? 定语从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句分别用哪些关系词?如何用? 特别是that和what的区别 在英语教学中，关系词常常是学生容易混淆的问题。在某些情况下，学生常常不知道该使用那一个关系词,这个问题常是教学中的重点或难点。因此，本文就学生在学习关系词“that”、“which”、“whose”、“what” 时经常容易出现问题的几个难点部分进行分析，以便于教学中让学生注意区别它们的用法。 一．在定语从句中关系词用法的差异 1．关系代词“that” 与“which” 的区别 在限定性定语从句中，我们知道关系词指代人时，常用who、whom 、whose (或that)，指代物时常用whi ch 或that 。例如： 例1．Where is the girl who / that sells the tickets? （卖票的女孩子在哪？） 例2．I’ve lost bananas which / that I bought this morning. (我把今天早上买的香蕉丢了。） 在上述两个例子中who 和which都可以由that 替代。但是当先行词是all、little、few 或是由every(thin g)、any(thing)、no(thing)、none、much、only 修饰时，关系词要用that不能用which 。例如： 例3．Is this all that is left? （是不是就剩下这一个了？） 例4．Have you got anything that belongs to me? （你那有我什么东西吗？） 例5．The only thing that matters is to find our way home .（只有一件事最重要，那就是找到回家的路。） 除上述情况外，当先行词由序数词或最高级修饰时，关系词必须用that（见例6和例7）。 例6．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan . (我们应该做的第一件事是定个计划/ 我们应该首先定个计划。) 例7．This is the best film (that) I’ve ever seen . （这是我看过的最好的影片。）此句中的that 在从句中做宾语，可以省略。 2．关系副词与关系代词的区别 在定语从句中，当先行词是人或物时，从句的引导词用关系代词；而当先行词是表示时间和地点时，常用关系副词引导。但有时常遇到先行词是表示时间或地点的名词，关系词却要用关系代词。请看例句： 例1．This is the place where we worked last year.（这是我去年工作过的地方。） 例2．This is the place which / that we visited last year.（这是我去年参观过的地方。） 上述两个句子的主句相同，先行词都是place ，但是它在两个从句中的功用不同。例1中的place 指的是从句中谓语动词发生动作的地点（… worked in the place），因此，关系词要用关系副词where (= in wh ich)。而例2中的place是从句谓语动词的宾语(…visited the place)，关系词指代的是动作的承受对象，所以要用关系代词which或that ，不能用关系副词where 。 例3．I still remember the day when Nanjing was liberated.（我一直记着南京解放的那一天。） 例4．I still remember the day which / that we spend together.（我一直记着我们共同度过的时光。） 例3中的day 在从句中做状语(表示…on the day) ，所以用when 。例4 中的day 是从句中spend 的宾语(…spend the day) ，所以要用which 或that 。 由此，我们可以看出：当先行词是表示时间或地点的名词时，用关系代词还是用关系副词引导定语从句，要根据先行词在句子中的功用。当先行词在从句中表示的是时间或地点（在从句中做状语）时，要用关系副词；当先行词在从句中做宾语（表示动作的承受者，有时先行词在从句中做主语）时，就要用关系代词。 3．在非限定性定语从句中指物时只能用which
名词性从句与定语从句区别练习
名词性从句专项练习Ⅱ 1. Police have found _________ appears to be the lost ancient statue. 2. _______ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 3. Experts believe _______ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. 4. _________ struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love his son. 5. It’s good to know _______ the dogs will be well cared for while we away. 6. the only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _____ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. 7. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _____ close you may be to victory. 8. From space, the earth looks blue. This is about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 9. _____ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. 10. It remains to be seen _____ the newly formed committee’s policy be put into practice. 11. It is by no means clear ______ the president can do to end the strike. 12. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ____ he reached these limits will depend on his environment.
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和比较
定语从句和名词性从句 考点一关系代词引导的定语从句 1．whose是一个表示所属关系的词，在定语从句中作定语，of which可以代替whose指物，词序一般是名词＋of which或of which＋名词。of whom 可以代替whose指人，词序是名词＋of whom。 Many children，whose parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. 父母亲在大城市里打工的许多孩子在村庄里被照顾的非常好。 The old temple whose roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair. 那座在暴风雨中屋顶受损的古庙现在正在维修中。 2．which，that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that；which代指前面整个句子内容。 They talked for about an hour of things and people that they remembered in the school.关于他们记得的上学时的人和事，他们讨论了一小时。 The Internet is a huge computer system which/that allows millions of people around the world to share information. 因特网是一个庞大的计算机系统，它使得世界上成千上万的人们共享信息成为可能。3．who，whom，that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。 The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people，many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city. 近千人在这一社区居住，他们当中很多都是从农村老家来城市寻求更好的日子的。 考点二介词提前了的定语从句 1．与定语从句中的动词构成搭配。 In the dark street，there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的大街上没有一个人能为她提供帮助。 2．与定语从句所修饰的先行词构成搭配。 Patience，without which you can't do the work well，is a kind of quality. 耐心是一种品质。没有了耐心，你不能做好工作。 3．of＋which/whom表示所属关系。(表所属关系也可用whose) Recently I bought an ancient vase，the price of which(＝whose price)was very reasonable. 最近我买了个古老的花瓶，它的价钱很合理。 考点三关系副词引导的定语从句 1．关系副词在定语从句中作状语，when指时间，where指地点，why指原因，在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 Occasions are quite rare when I have time to spend a day with my kids. 我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。 After graduation I'd like to find a job where I can use what I have learnt at school.毕业后我要找到一份能利用在学校所学知识的一份工作。 2．先行词是时间名词或地点名词时，如果在从句中不作状语，则不能用when或where引导定语从句，而要用which/that。 Is this the reason(that /which)he gave us for the delay of the project?
定语从句和名词性从句的区别和练习复习进程
定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 e.g. She is the girl who talked to me yesterday. 名词性从句（Noun Clauses）---主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句在句中做主语、宾语、表语和同位语的成份。 e.g. I don’t know who she is. (宾语) This is why I came here.（表语） 区别： 第一，定语从句有先行词，且先行词可以放入后面的从句中使从句完整； 名词性从句中的主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句没有先行词，同位语从句有先行词但在从句中不做成分。 e.g. The news that they told me excited me. （the news可以放入从句中，使句子完整，即they told me the news） The news that our team won excited me. (the news无法放入从句中，所以是同位语从句） 第二，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。 第三，最关键也是最重要的区别： 1.名词性从句和定语从句的最本质的不同点在于，前者在句子中做名词，而后者相当于形容词，修饰或限制名词或代词。名词性从句由that引导时，通常不充当从句的句子成分，故that 可省去。但定语从句由that引导时，如在从句中充当主语时，则that不能省去。 2.使用中最大的区别：定语从句由于在句子中只作定语，故去掉它，整个句子还完整，就像普通的句子去掉一个定语不影响原句的完整性一样。但名词性从句由于它们充当的是句子的骨干成分（主语，宾语或表语），故去掉它们，原句就不通了。如下面的A句，去掉了主语从句That he has become a rich man ，原句变成is known to all in our town。就失去了完整性。而B句，去掉定语从句部分that is on the desk后，原句变成The pen is mine还是通的。 A：That he has become a rich man is known to all in our town . B：The pen that is on the desk is mine .
英语名词性从句试题类型及其解题技巧
英语名词性从句试题类型及其解题技巧 一、初中英语名词性从句 1．________ manners are very important in every country is known to all，but the trouble is that different countries have different ideas about ________ good manners are. A. That; what B. That; that C. What; that D. What; what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：众说周知，礼貌在每一个国家中都是非常重要的，但是麻烦是， 不同的国家对于什么是良好的礼貌有着不同的认识。逗号前有两个谓语动词，一个是 are，一个是is known，故是两句话，需填连词连接这两句话，根据句意可知，前面是主语 从句，故填that，此处的that，只起连接作用不作任何成分。about是介词，其后是个句子 故应填连词把这两句话连接起来，所缺词作are的表语，故填what。因此选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及that引导的主语从句和what引导的宾语从句。 2．Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. no matter what 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重 复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BC项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只 能做状语；no matter what只能用来引导状语从句，故选A。 【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及"特殊疑问词+ever"引导的主语从句。 3． is even more important is the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. A. When; that; when B. What; whether; as C. What; that; as D. lt; whether; as 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】这题考查从句的用法，第一空填what引导主语从句，在主语从句中what做主语，第二空填that引导表语从句，在表语从句中，as是引导时间状语从句，句 意是：甚至更重要的是：随着地球的冷却，水开始出现在表面。选C。 4．In the past decade, our education system too much on grades. However, grades have a direct connection with future success is still a question. A. focused; whether B. focused; if C. has focused; whether D. has focused; if 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查时态和主语从句。根据In the past decade,在最近的几十年里，可知
定语从句和名词性从句
定语从句 定语从句的分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 一、关系代词that和which 1、中用that的情况 1）先行词是all,much ,little,the one,anything, something, nothing, everything, none等不定代词时 2）先行词被形容词最高级以及first,last ,any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修饰时。3）在there be句型中，只用that, 不用which.。 4）先行词既有人又有物时。 5）在“it is +名词+定语从句+定语从句”的强调结构中，后一定语从句要用that 如：it is only a man who is quite experienced that can fulfill this task. 2、只能用which的情况 1）如果关系代词紧跟在介词后，只能用which或whom，不能用that或who。 2）引导非限制性定语从句时 3）先行词是集体名词时，指整天，关系代词用which，指集体中的各个成员，则用who 3、关系代词和关系副词的省略 1)关系代词which，whom，who，that，在定语从句中作直接宾语时可以省略。 2）当that在从句中作补语时可以省略。 3）在there be结构中出现定语从句，或在定语从句中出现there be时，用做主语的冠词代词。 4）当先行词是reason，而且定语从句中作状语时，关系代词可用why或that，也可以省略。5）当先行词是way，且在定语从句中作方式状语时，关系代词可用in which或that，也可以省略。 6）注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，不省略。 7）当先行词表示时间时，关系代词可用when或有时用that，有时也可以用省略。 8）先行词表示地点时，关系代词可用where或有事用that，有时也可以省略。 二、关系代词as 1、引导限定性定语从句 1）构成the same...as, such...as结构，as用于代替指人或物的先行词。 2）比较the same ...as 和the same...that This is the same book as I read last week 这和我上周读的那本书是一样的。 This is the same book that I read last week 这就是我上周读的那本书。 3）如果先行词表示抽象概念，则没有这种区别 She told me the same story as /that she had told you I had th same difficulty that /as you had lat year. 2、非限制性定语从句 关系代词as引导非限定性定语从句时，用于代替整个主句，意思是“正如”，as从句位置较之which引导的非限制性定语从句更加灵活，因而as从句可以指后面将要提到的内容。 3、有关as的常用词组 As is known to all 众所周知 As is often the case 情况常常如此 As the name indicate/suggests 顾名思义 As may be imagined 可以想象得出 As often happens 这种情况常常发生
(完整版)定语从句和名词性从句练习及答案
1. Is this the factory _____ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 2. Is this factory ____ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 3. Is this the factory _____ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. The wolves hid themselves in the places _____couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 5. Here is so difficult a question ____. A. that no one can answer B. which nobody can answer it C. as no one can answer it D. as nobody can answer 6. The reason is ____he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 7. Antarctic ____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 8. May the fourth is the day ____ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 9. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 10. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 11. Who can think of a situation ____ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 12. ____ people spend so much money on their pets ____ us a lot. A. That; surprises B. What; surprising C. How; are surprised D. That; is surprised 13. The thought____ Lao Gao would open a Sichuan restaurant in Los Angeles surprised his wife A. that B. what C. whether D. if
名词性从句和定语从句的例句及练习
That you don’t like him has nothing to do with me. Whether John will do this experiment remains a question. Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announced. What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well. Which school will win the prize is not known. Whose dictionary has not been found is still unknown. Whichever you take will be yours. Whoeve r wants this book may take it. Whatever was said here must be kept secret. When they will start hasn’t been decided yet. How he managed to finish the composition in such a short time is still a mystery. He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. I want to know what he has told you. She will give whoever needs help a warm support. The fact is that we have lost the game. That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. It looks as if it is going to rain. The question is whether we can rely on him. The news that we won the game is exciting. The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved Is he the man who/that wants to see you? He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green. A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born. I shall never forget the day when ( on which ) we first met. Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer? As we know, smoking is harmful to one\'s health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 1. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. / 2.John let out the news annoys all of us. A. Whether B. What C. That D. / 1.It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future. A. / B. which C. whether D. that 1..Having checked the doors were closed, and all the lights were off, the boy opened th e door to his bedroom.
定语从句和名词性从句经典对比练习
定语从句和名词性从句对比练习（经典） I.定语从句与其他相似易混结构比较 1.定语从句与并列结构 1) She won the first prize in the speech contest and______ surprised us. A. which B. it C. as D. who 2) She won the first prize in the speech contest, ______ surprised us. A. which B. whom C. them D. what 2.定语从句与结果状语从句 1) This is such an interesting book ______ all of us want to read. A. as B. which C. that D. what 2)This is such an interesting book ______ all of us want to read it .
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