最新高中英语完形填空题解题指导训练教案

最新高中英语完形填空题解题指导训练教案
最新高中英语完形填空题解题指导训练教案

高中英语完形填空题解题技巧训练教案

完型填空题是集词语辨析、词的用法以及搭配、语法、单句理解、语篇理解的考查为一体的综合题,不但要求同学们具有扎实的基础知识,而且还要求必须具备较强的分析理解、逻辑推断能力及语感。该题型在历届高考试题中起着重要的作用,通常从一篇词数250左右、难度略低于教材上课文的文章中设空格20个。具体来说,由于短文被挖去一些词,造成信息的中断,同学们做题时,必然会出现思维断层现象。如果不掌握正确的解题思路及步骤,并通过适当的训练的话,同学们面对此题时就会束手无策,久而久之就会对完形填空产生厌烦、恐惧心理,更不利于能力的提高,不利于临场发挥。本文结合笔者的教学实际,浅谈完形填空题的解题思路与步骤,

一、解题方法

1、快速反应,初做答案

找到文章的突破口之后,就要趁着思路清晰时,快速做出反应,一鼓作气将文中所有能填的空填起来,不因某试题暂时给不了答案的题停留太久。做题以了解文章的大意为前提,如遇个别难题,可以暂时跳过去或初拟一个答案;如果停滞不前,不但会打断思路、造成时间上和心理上的紧张,而且往往无济于事。在填每个空格时,注意分析选项所在的上下文,弄清上下文间的逻辑关系,注意空格前后的词,看是否能与某一选项构成固定搭配。从各个角度考虑,初步做出每个小题的答案。

2、通览全文,了解大意

由于完型填空试题主要测试同学们在语篇层面上综合运用语言的能力,在解答试题的之前应快速阅读全文,抓住文章的主题,搞清作者的思路及上下文的逻辑关系。一般说来,通读的关键是弄清第一句(往往点明主题,且是没留空白的完整句)和最后一句(往往总结、概括全文)。另外,在浏览时全文的时候,要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件,即who,when,where,what。例如有篇文章的第一句话为:Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next?这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识,就会很快的知道文中的内容应与热胀冷缩的物理现象有关。

3、再次查读,攻克难关

初选过后,可能还会留下一些空档,此时,再重读文章,从语义和逻辑的角度审视全文,看其是否通顺流畅、条理清晰、符合逻辑。与此同时,将未填的空档全部补齐。由于选答案时讲求一气呵成,初选过后还应根据上下文对有疑问或把握不准的答案进行推敲。在具体的操作中应注意以下的问题:

1)通顺逻辑,寻求搭配

注意固定的搭配,包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等,同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如:

Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_______ so much money.

A. for

B. by

C. to

D. of

【解析】表示“自取,随便拿”这个意义的短语是故答案为C。

2)看清上下文,找准定位词

充分利用文章的上下文和前后句,找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如:

1. Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very ______

A. deep

B. high

C. cold

D. dangerous

【解析】根据转折连词but的提示,所填入的词应与shallow相反,因此答案为A。

2. Mrs. O’Neill asked_________ questions and she didn’t scold us either.

A. no

B. certain

C. many

D. more

【解析】and是一个并列连词;either为副词,用在否定句或否定词后加强语势,由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词,因此答案是A。

3)看清执行者,确定所选词

And video cameras can be used to_____people’s actions at home.

A. keep

B. make

C. record

D. watch 【解析】句中动作的发出者是因此答案是C,意思是“记录”。

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