英语语法 分词讲解PPT

a. to use b. used c. using d. use
分词的用法
3. 作宾补
He likes to sit on the beach and watch the sea gulls flying. 他喜欢坐在海边看海鸥飞翔。 The work left everyone exhaused. 那个活使得人人疲惫不堪。
现在分词和不定式构成复合宾语在含义上的区别： 有些动词如：see, hear, feel, notice, watch, have 等即可跟现在分词也可跟不定式做宾补，他们之间的区别在于：现在分词着 重说明动词正在发生；不定式着重说明动作的全过程。 I saw the boys climbing the wall. 我看见孩子正在爬墙。 I saw the boys climb the wall. 我看见孩子爬墙了。
分词作表语时，相当于形容词，不可与构成进行时态和被动语态中的分词混淆起来。它们的形式是一样,但可以从意义上予以 区别。试比较: 1.The present situation is encouraging. 当前的形势令人鼓舞。(表语，说明主语的性质) 2. The present situation is encouraging us to continue our experiment. 当前的形势正在鼓舞我们继续试验。 (现在进行时，表示动作) 3.The bookstore is now closed. 书店现在已关门了。(表语，说明主语所处的状态) 4.The bookstore is usually closed at 7:30 p. m. . 店通常在下午7:30关门。(被动语态，表示动作)
He had us d all through the meal.
a. laugh b.laughed c. to laugh d. laughing
分词的用法
4. 作状语
（1）作时间，条件或原因状语，通常位于句子前面。 Hearing the knock on the door , they stopped talking. (= When they heard ......) Asked to work overtime that evening, I miss a wonderful film. ( As I was asked to .........) Born in poor family ,( =Beca?use she was born in poor family ) Nadia had only two years of schooling.
分词的用法
2. 作定语
分词在句子中作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。
a running boy
the girl standing there
并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。
a boy who is running
a girl who is standing there
Over 200,000 hotel reservation were made in HongKong through Taobo last year, a
现在分词和过去分词的区别
现在分词 过去分词
the exploiting class (剥削阶级) the exploited class (被剥削阶级)
developing countries (发展中国家) developed countries （发达国家）
现在分词Baidu Nhomakorabea过去分词的区别
boiling water (正在烧开的水) boiled water （已经煮开过的水，可能是凉开水) the changing world (正在变化的世界) the changed world (已经起了变化的世界)
b
by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.
a. To be surrounded b. Surrounded c. Having surrounded d. Surrounding
分词的用法
4. 作状语
(2) 作伴随，或结果状语，通常位于句末。 They stood there waiting for the bus. (and were waiting.......) The hunters fired, wounding one of the wolves. ( and wounded one of the wolves)
The concert （that was） given by their friends was a success. 他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功。
You may ask the lady (who is ) sitting at the desk. 你可以问一问坐在桌子旁边的那位女士。
Time , b correctly, is money in the bank.
分词 （THE PARTICIPLES）
Content
▪ 现在分词和过去分词的区别（the differences between the Present Participle and the Past Participle）
▪ 分词的用法 （usage）
▪ 分词的独立结构 （Absolute Construction）
the girl gathering (gather) flowers
the flowers gathered
(gather) this morning
falling leaves ( 正在掉落的叶子 )
fallen leaves ( 已经掉落的叶子 )
分词的用法
1. 作表语
The argument is very convincing. 他的论点很令人信服。 They were very excited at the news. 听到这个消息，他们非常激动。