美国文学多部作品的翻译及赏析

The wild honey suckle ---- Philip Freneau Fair flower,that dost so comely grow,Hid in this silent,dull retreat,Unseen thy little branches greet;No roving foot shall crush thee here,No busy hand provoke a tear.By Nature's self in whrite arrayed,She bade thee shun the vulger eye,And planted here the guardian shade,And sent soft waters murmuring by;Thus quietly thy summer goes,Thy days declining to repose.Smit with those chams,that must decay,I grieve to see your future doom;they died--nor were those flowers more gay, the flowers that did in Eden bloom;Unpitying frosts,and Autumn's power.Shall leave no vestige of this flower.From morning suns and evening dewsAt first thy little being came:If nothing once,you nothing lose, For when you die you are the same; The space between,is but an hour, The frail duration of flower.美好的花呀，你长得：这么秀丽，却藏身在这僻静沉闷的地方——甜美的花儿开了却没人亲昵，招展的小小枝梢也没人观赏；没游来荡去的脚来把你踩碎，没东攀西摘的手来催你落泪。

大自然把你打扮得一身洁白，她叫你避开庸俗粗鄙的目光，她布置下树荫把你护卫起来，又让潺潺的柔波淌过你身旁；你的夏天就这样静静地消逝，这时候你日见萎蔫终将安息。

那些难免消逝的美使我销魂，想起你未来的结局我就心疼，别的那些花儿也不比你幸运——虽开放在伊甸园中也已凋零，无情的寒霜再加秋风的威力，会叫这花朵消失得一无踪迹。

朝阳和晚露当初曾把你养育，让你这小小的生命来到世上，原来若乌有，就没什么可失去，因为你的死让你同先前一样；这来去之间不过是一个钟点——这就是脆弱的花享有的天年。

In this poem the poet expressed a keen awareness of the loveliness and transience of nature.1.He not only meditated on mortality but also celebrated nature. It implies that life and death are inevitable law of nature, "the wild honey suckle" is Philip Freneau's most widely read natural lyric with the theme of transience.2.The poem express the poet's view about the writing material of American writers. In the author's opinion, the origin land in America was filled with beauty and myth, which could compete with the relics of Europe. It revealed on the basis of American beauty, theAmerican writer can produce good works.To a waterfowl ----- William Cullen Bryant Whither, 'midst falling dew,While glow the heavens with the last steps of day, Far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue Thy solitary way?Vainly the fowler's eyeMight mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong, As, darkly painted on the crimson sky,Thy figure floats along.Seek'st thou the plashy brinkOf weedy lake, or marge of river wide,Or where the rocking billows rise and sinkOn the chafed ocean side?There is a Power whose careTeaches thy way along that pathless coast,--The desert and illimitable air,--Lone wandering, but not lost.All day thy wings have fann'dAt that far height, the cold thin atmosphere:Yet stoop not, weary, to the welcome land,Though the dark night is near.And soon that toil shall end,Soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest,And scream among thy fellows; reeds shall bend Soon o'er thy sheltered nest.Thou'rt gone, the abyss of heavenHath swallowed up thy form; yet, on my heart Deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,And shall not soon depart.He, who, from zone to zone,Guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight, In the long way that I must tread alone,Will lead my steps aright.你往何方把孤单的前程追逐？看你远远飞翔而无计可施，捕鸟人的眼光徒劳眷顾；满天红霞把你映衬，披着滴落的露珠，天空灿烂，白日的行程就要结束；穿过玫瑰色的遥远空际，暗黑的身影飘飘飞舞。

你是在寻找开阔的大河之滨，还是波浪拍岸的水草之湖？或者潮水冲刷的海滩，那里的巨浪奔腾起伏？有上苍把你关照，在无路的海岸为你指路－－在荒漠和无边的空际，你孤单的飘荡不致迷途。

你成天翕动翅膀，任空气稀薄暴寒冷，飞在高处，疲乏中你不肯降落舒适的大地，即使黑夜即将紧闭它的帷幕。

你很快就会结束这样的劳苦，你即将找到你夏天的住处；休息中呼唤自己的伙伴，芦苇也会躬身把你的窝巢遮护。

你的身躯全被吞没，天堂深渊里，你踪影全无；然而你的启迪深深留在我的心底，我将久久地久久地把它记住砖从一地又到一地，天空无垠，你的飞翔从无迟误；愿引领你的向导把我引领，孤单的长路中迈开永不偏离的脚步。

“To a Waterfowl” is written in iambic trimeter（抑扬三部格）and iambic pentameter（抑扬格五音部）, consisting of eight stanzas of four lines. The poem represents early stages of American Romanticism through celebration of Nature and God's presence within Nature.Bryant is acknowledged as skillful at depicting American scenery but his natural details are often combined with a universal moral, as in "To a Waterfowl".Just as God guides the waterfowl to its summerhome, so too He guides the speaker of the poem through life to his ultimate destination, heaven. In the end, one will be able to say about the speaker what the speaker says about the waterfowl: "the abyss of heaven / Hath swallowed up thy form" (lines 25-26). The poem is, in essence, a profession of faith in God.To Helen ---- Edgar Allan PoeHelen, thy beauty is to meLike those Nicean barks of yore往昔，That gently, o'er a perfumed sea,The weary, way-worn wanderer boreTo his own native shore.On desperate seas long wont to roam游荡,Thy hyacinth风信子hair, thy classic face,Thy Naiad水仙女airs have brought me homeTo the glory that was Greece,And the grandeur that was Rome.Lo! in you brilliant window-nicheHow statue-like I see thee stand,The agate玛瑙lamp within thy hand!Ah, Psyche普塞克, from the regions whichAre Holy Land!海伦，你的美貌于我，有如往日尼西亚的三桅船，在芬芳的海上悠然浮起，把劳困而倦游的浪子载还，回到他故国的港湾。