最新牛顿第一定律(英文)
物理牛顿定律英文版
According to Newton's first law, an object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
While the elevator accelerates upward, the apparent weight of the fish is greater than its true weight, mg.
The forces on the fish are again shown in the free-body diagram
Newton’s first law of motion牛顿第 一定律:
Every body continues in its state of uniform motion or rest unless acted up on by an external force
Application of the Newton’s first law
Now that we know Newton's Laws of Motion, how do we apply them? How can they let us predict the motion of an object if we know all the forces acting upon it? How can they let us predict the forces on an object if we know its motion?
牛顿第一定律(英文)
An Object in Motion
• • • • • A dynamic cart with a brick on it. Get it moving and stopped. Tape the brick to the cart. Get it moving and stopped again. Seat belts protect us from being hurt by keeping us tied to the vehicle.
The principle of retractors
An Object in Motion
Inertia
• The resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion. • Question 2: What does the magnitude of inertial force depend on?
Newton's First Law of Motion
Law of Inertia Miha Lee
Newton's First Law of Motion
• Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an unbalanced force is applied to it. • An object at rest • An object in motion
An Object at Rest
An Object in Motion
• Galileo's thought experiment I
牛顿运动定律Newtonslawsofmotion
万有引力
基本力
电磁力 强力 弱力
自然界只存在 四种基本力
万有引力：
F
G0
m1m2 r2
G =6.6710-11Nm2/kg2
电磁力： 带电粒子或宏观带电体之间的相互作用力。原
子或分子之间的作用力基本上是电磁力。物体
之间的弹力和摩擦力以及气体的压力、浮力、
粘滞阻力是电磁力。
f k
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§2.5 牛顿第二定律积分形式之一 ——动量定理
问题：当一个力作用于物体并维持一定时间，其效果将 是什么？即，力对物体作用一定时间后物体的速度如何？
1、动量定理
从牛顿第二定律的微分形式： Fdt dP
考虑力的时间积累效果，为此，将上式从t1到t2这段有限时
间进行积分，即得
t2
F惯 ma
在非惯性系中，如果物体受到的真实力为 F , 另外加 上惯性力 F惯 ，则物体对于此非惯性系的加速度 a 就
可形式上和牛顿定律一样，为：
F F惯 ma
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感谢观看！
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（3） 第一定律定义了惯性参考系（简称惯性系（inertial reference frame） 惯性参考系——在这种参考系中观察， 一个不受力作用的物体或处于受力平衡状态下的物体，将 保持其静止或匀速直线运动状态不变。
参考系
惯性系：地面参考系是一个足够好的惯性系
非惯性系：对地面参考系作加速运动的物 体，是非惯性系。
电子与原子核结合形 成原子核
各质子和中子结合形 成原子核
无限远
10－
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牛顿第一定律英语
“牛顿第一定律”的英语表达牛顿第一定律的英语表达是：Newton's First Law of Motion。
关于牛顿第一定律的双语例句如下：1.按照牛顿第一定律，所有物体在没有受到外力作用的情况下，都将保持静止或匀速直线运动状态。
According to Newton's First Law of Motion, all objects will remain at rest or move in a straight line at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an external force.2.在物理世界中，牛顿第一定律是一个基本且不可或缺的原理。
In the world of physics, Newton's First Law of Motion is a fundamental and indispensable principle.3.了解并掌握牛顿第一定律对于理解其他物理定律和现象至关重要。
Understanding and mastering Newton's First Law of Motion is crucial for understanding other physical laws and phenomena.4.在研究物体运动时，牛顿第一定律为我们提供了一个基本的框架。
When studying the motion of objects, Newton's First Law of Motion provides us with a basic framework.5.科学家们基于牛顿第一定律进行实验和推理，不断推动物理学的发展。
Scientists conduct experiments and reasoning based on Newton's First Law of Motion, continuously driving the development of physics.。
(完整版)中学物理学名词中英文对照
中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concave lensB比热容specific heat变阻器variable resistor并联电路parallel circuit不可再生能源nonrenewable energy sourceC超重overweight超声波supersonic wave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonic wave参照物frame of reference参照系reference frame测量measure长度length串联电路series磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity导体conductor电池cell电灯electric light电流electric current电流表ammeter电路electric current电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源power supply电阻resistance动滑轮movable pulley定滑轮fixed pulley短路short circuit断路open circuit地磁场germagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum电磁感应electromagnetic induction电动机motor电功率electric power电话telephone电能electrical energy电能表kilowatt-hour meterE额定电压rated voltage额定功率rated powerF分minute非惯性系noninertial system 反射reflection非晶体non-crystal沸点boiling point分贝decibel伏特V olt发电机electric generatorG惯性inertia惯性系intertial system惯性力inertial force杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocity of light 光源light source感应电流induction current光导纤维optical fiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infrared rays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦sliding friction核反应堆nuclear reactor核能nuclear energyJ机械运动mechanical motion加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanical work机械能mechanical energy机械效率mechanical efficiency机械能守恒定律law of conservation ofmechanical energy焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirror reflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joule law绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current聚变fusion静摩擦因数static friction factorK开关switch可再生能源renewable energy sourceL力force力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces力矩moment of force棱镜prism连锁反应Chain reaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffuse reflection摩擦力friction forceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newton first law牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化和守恒定律Law of conservation of energyO欧姆OhmP平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed平衡状态equilibrium state频率frequency平面镜plane mirrorQ曲线运动curvilinear motion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点melting point熔化melting热量heat热值heat value熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity失重weightlessness势能potential energy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波sound wave声音sound实像real imageT弹力elastic force弹性势能elastic potential energy透镜lens凸透镜convex lens图像graph太阳能solar energyW位移displacement万有引力universal gravitational万有引力定律Law of universal gravitation望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness像image虚像virtual imageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 圆周运动circular motion引力常数gravitational constant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musical quality乐音musical sound用电器electric appliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultraviolet rays指南针compass质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion。
Newton’s law中英翻译
Newton’s lawLet us begin our explanation of how Newton changed our understanding of the Universe by enumerating his Three Laws of Motion.Newton's First Law of Motion:This we recognize as essentially Galileo's concept of inertia, and this is often termed simply the "Law of Inertia".Newton's Second Law of Motion:II. The relationship between an object's mass m, itsacceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma.Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated bytheir symbols being displayed in slant bold font); inthis law the direction of the force vector is the same asthe direction of the acceleration vector.This is the most powerful of Newton's three Laws, because it allows quantitative calculations of dynamics: how do velocities change when forces are applied. Notice the fundamental difference between Newton's 2nd Law and the dynamics of Aristotle: according to Newton, a force causes only a change in velocity (an acceleration); it does not maintain the velocity as Aristotle held.This is sometimes summarized by saying that under Newton, F = ma, but under Aristotle F = mv, where v is the velocity. Thus, according to Aristotle there is only a velocity if there is a force, but according to Newton an object with a certain velocity maintains that velocity unless a force acts on it to cause an acceleration (that is, a change in the velocity). As we have noted earlier in conjunction with the discussionof Galileo, Aristotle's view seems to be more in accord with common sense, but that is because of a failure to appreciate the role played by frictional forces. Once account is taken of all forces acting in a given situation it is the dynamics of Galileo and Newton, not of Aristotle, that are found to be in accord with the observations.Newton's Third Law of Motion:This law is exemplified by what happens if we step off a boat onto the bank of a lake: as we move in the direction of the shore, the boat tends to move in the opposite direction (leaving us facedown in the water, if we aren't careful!).让我们开始列举他的三个运动定律的牛顿如何改变我们对宇宙的理解的解释。
中学物理学名词中英文对照
中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concave lensB比热容specific heat变阻器variable resistor并联电路parallel circuit不可再生能源nonrenewable energy sourceC超重overweight超声波supersonic wave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonic wave参照物frame of reference参照系reference frame测量measure页脚内容1长度length串联电路series磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity导体conductor电池cell电灯electric light电流electric current电流表ammeter电路electric current页脚内容2电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源power supply电阻resistance动滑轮movable pulley定滑轮fixed pulley短路short circuit断路open circuit地磁场germagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum 电磁感应electromagnetic induction 电动机motor电功率electric power电话telephone电能electrical energy电能表kilowatt-hour meterE额定电压rated voltage页脚内容3额定功率rated powerF分minute非惯性系noninertial system反射reflection非晶体non-crystal沸点boiling point分贝decibel伏特Volt发电机electric generatorG惯性inertia惯性系intertial system惯性力inertial force杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocity of light页脚内容4光源light source感应电流induction current光导纤维optical fiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infrared rays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦sliding friction核反应堆nuclear reactor核能nuclear energyJ机械运动mechanical motion加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanical work机械能mechanical energy机械效率mechanical efficiency机械能守恒定律law of conservation of页脚内容5mechanical energy 焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirror reflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joule law绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current聚变fusion静摩擦因数static friction factorK开关switch可再生能源renewable energy sourceL力force力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces力矩moment of force页脚内容6棱镜prism连锁反应Chain reaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffuse reflection摩擦力friction forceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newton first law牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化页脚内容7和守恒定律Law of conservation of energyO欧姆OhmP平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed平衡状态equilibrium state频率frequency平面镜plane mirrorQ曲线运动curvilinear motion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点melting point熔化melting页脚内容8热量heat热值heat value熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity 失重weightlessness势能potential energy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波sound wave声音sound实像real imageT弹力elastic force弹性势能elastic potential energy页脚内容9透镜lens凸透镜convex lens图像graph太阳能solar energyW位移displacement万有引力universal gravitational万有引力定律Law of universal gravitation 望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness页脚内容10像image虚像virtual imageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 圆周运动circular motion引力常数gravitational constant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musical quality乐音musical sound用电器electric appliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity页脚内容11重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultraviolet rays指南针compass质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion页脚内容12。
牛顿三大定律英文表达
牛顿三大定律英文表达牛顿的三大定律是经典物理学的基石，它们描述了物体的运动和力的关系。
以下是牛顿的三大定律的英文表达和简要解释：牛顿的第一定律-惯性定律（Newton's First Law-Law of Inertia）："An object at rest tends to stay at rest,and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction,unless acted upon by an unbalanced external force."这一定律描述了物体的惯性，即物体倾向于保持其运动状态，不受外力作用时会保持静止，而受到外力作用时会改变速度或方向。
这一定律强调了平衡和不平衡的力对物体运动的影响。
牛顿的第二定律-运动定律（Newton's Second Law-Law of Acceleration）："The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.The direction of acceleration is the same as the direction of the net force."这一定律描述了力和质量之间的关系，强调了物体的加速度与作用在它上面的净力的关系。
这一定律的数学表示是F=ma，其中F代表净力，m代表物体的质量，a代表加速度。
牛顿的第三定律-作用与反作用定律（Newton's Third Law-Law of Action-Reaction）："For every action,there is an equal and opposite reaction."这一定律强调了物体之间的相互作用，其中一个物体对另一个物体施加力时，另一个物体会以相等的力对第一个物体产生反作用。
常用物理英语单词
常用物理英语单词absolute acceleration 绝对加速度absolute motion 绝对运动absolute velocity 绝对速度accelerated motion 加速运动acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration 加速度accelerometer 加速度计acting force 作用力active force 主动力angle of friction 摩擦角angle of nutation 章动角angle of precession 进动角angle of rotation 自转角angular acceleration 角加速度angular displacement 角位移angular motion 角[向]运动angular velocity vector 角速度矢[量]angular velocity 角速度areal velocity 掠面速度又称“扇形速度（sector velocity）”arm of couple 力偶臂attraction force 吸引力Atwood machine 阿特伍德机average velocity，mean velocity 平均速度axial acceleration 轴向加速度axial vector 轴矢[量]ballistic curve 弹道ballistic pendulum 弹道摆ballistics 弹道学base point 基点bearing 轴承binormal acceleration 副法向加速度bounce 反弹center of force 力心center of gravity 重心center of mass 质心center of moment 矩心center of parallel force system 平行力系中心center of percussion 撞击中心center of reduction 简化中心又称“约化中心”。
《牛顿第一定律》教学课件68(说课) 人教版
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Seat Belt
• Seat belts can exert forces to cause passengers to slow down at the same rate as the vehicle.
Inertia
• The resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion.
• Question 2: What does the magnitude of inertial force depend on?
• FБайду номын сангаас= ma
m: inertial mass
• An object at rest • An object in motion
______________________________ ____________________
An Object at Rest
______________________________ ____________________
______________________________ ____________________
An Object in Motion
• A dynamic cart with a brick on it. • Get it moving and stopped. • Tape the brick to the cart. • Get it moving and stopped again. • Seat belts protect us from being hurt
by keeping us tied to the vehicle.
______________________________ ____________________
An Object in Motion
______________________________ ____________________
• Question 1: Evaluate the following assertion. If there is no frictional force on the road, cars can move without consumption of energy by the Newton’s first law of motion. So we can save energy.
______________________________ ____________________
Application to everyday life
• Opening a bottle • Removing dusts from cloths • Seat belts • Seismometer
An Object in Motion
• Galileo's thought experiment I
______________________________ ____________________
An Object in Motion
• Galileo's thought experiment II
• Question 3: How does a seat belt exert force on us?
______________________________ ____________________
The principle of retractors
______________________________ ____________________
Newton's First Law of Motion
Law of Inertia
Miha Lee
______________________________ ____________________
Newton's First Law of Motion
• Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an unbalanced force is applied to it.
______________________________ ____________________
Frictional force
• Friction is the force that acts on a moving object to slow it down and bring it to stop.