英语语法专项：虚拟语气用法详解及练习(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
（1）表示与现在事实相反
If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.
（2）表示与过去事实相反
If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.
（3）表示与将来事实相反
I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.
1. 虚拟条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.
Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？
2. 错综时间条件句
有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。例如：
If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
3. 含蓄条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。例如：
But for the help from you ， I would not have had the chance to go to college.
二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用
在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气，表示愿望、建议或命令等。根据虚拟语气的形式不同，虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。
（一）should类
这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的，should可以省略。其具体运用体现在：
1. 在suggest ， order， demand ， propose， command， request， desire，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如：He suggests that she should leave the house at once.
The leader ordered that the task（should） be finished as soon as possible.
He proposed that we （should）deal with the problem by the view of development.
2. 与suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，desire，insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion，order，demand，proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：The general sent the order that the battle （should）be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.
My proposal is that we（should） set a deadline for handing in the plan.
3. 在It is/was suggested （ordered，demanded，proposed，etc.）结构以及necessary，essential，important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：
It’s requested that we （should）keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.
It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should） be treated immediately. （二）过去时态类
英语中，还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子，也要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态（如：一般过去时、过去完成时等）来体现的。
1. wish，would rather 后的宾语从句。如：
He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.
I would rather you could teach me again.
2. as if，as though引导的从句。如：
The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.
He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.
3. 由if only （要是……，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。如：
If only I had passed the test！
If only it stopped raining！
4. It is（about/high） time 后的定语从句。如：
It is time we went out for a walk.
It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.
三、虚拟语气的其它用法
在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。如：
Would you mind smoking here？
May you be lucky！
Long live the people of China！
God save me.
虚拟语气练习题
1．If Wu Dajing _____ the record in 2018 Winter Olympics. he would not be world famous now. A．hadn't broken
B．hasn't broken
C．didn't break
D．doesn't break
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果2018年武大靖没有打破世界纪录，他现在就不会世界闻名。本句考查了条件状语从句虚拟语气中的错综条件句，if从句与过去事实相反，所以用过去完成时，主句与现在事实相反，用“情态动词+动词原形”。故A项正确。
2．––What a journey! We’ve finally arrived!
––_____ an out-of-date train schedule, we would not have missed the train.
A．Had we not used B．Did we use
C．If we didn’t use D．If we had used
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析: 句意：真糟糕的旅行！我们终于到了。如果我们没有用过期的列车时刻表，我们就不会错过火车了。根据后句中的would not have missed可知句子使用了虚拟语气，是对过去发生的事情进行假设，主句应该用过去完成时，当句中有had ，should ，were时，可以省略if，把这些词提前，构成倒装结构，选A。
考点：考查虚拟语气
3．It is requested that the reporter ________ to blame for the wrong report.
A．referring to B．referring to as
C．referred to be D．referred to being
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气和过去分词做定语：句意：据要求被提到的记者要为错误的报告道歉。refer to “提及”和reporter之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。request 是“要求”， It is requested that后加主语从句时从句用虚拟语气，should可以省略；谓语用be动词原形，省略should，所以选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气和过去分词做定语
4． it rain tomorrow, we would have to call off the hike.
A．Will B．Would C．Should D．Were
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意：如果明天下雨，我们将取消这次徒步旅行。表示对将来情况的虚拟。从句：①if+主语+were to do ②if+主语+should+do ③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were），主句：主语+should/would+do。当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were,should,had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were,should,had等词置于句首，选C。
考点：考查虚拟语气
5．—It's a pity that Andrew didn't want to go to the conference.
—________ willing to go，we could have paid all his expenses.
A．Had he been B．Being
C．Was he D．He had been
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
A
解析考查虚拟语气与倒装。根据第一句中的时态可知此处是对过去情况的虚拟，意思是“如果他愿意去，我们会支付他所有的费用”。此处是省略了虚拟条件句中的if而引起的倒装，其正常语序应为“If he had been willing to go”。
6．Nancy was very disappointed to hear the news. I wish I her about that.
A．hadn’t told B．didn’t tell C．wouldn’t tell D．can’t tell
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考察虚拟语气。动词wish后面的从句使用虚拟语气，如果与现在相反，使用一般过去时；与过去相反，用过去完成时；与将来相反，用过去将来时。句意：听到这个消息，Nancy非常失望。我多么希望我没有告诉她这一点啊！根据句意说明这是与过去的希望相反，过使用过去完成时。故A正确。
考点：考察虚拟语气
点评：动词wish后面的从句要使用虚拟语气。如果与现在事实相反，用过去时；如果与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；如果与将来相反就使用过去将来时。
7．_________, the world would be more harmonious.
A．Weren't there any wars B．There weren't any wars
C．Were there no wars D．Had there no wars
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。根据后半句would be可知是对现在的虚拟，从句要用过去式，be动词一律用were，另本句为if条件句省略形式，要将were提到句首，同时如果条件句从句为否定，否定词应置于主语后，不能缩略为Weren't置于句首，句意：如果没有战争，世界会更和谐。故选C
考点：考查虚拟语气
8．It was Mr. Zhang that helped us out of the trouble. Without his help, we ______ it so easily. A．can’t manage B．mustn’t have managed
C．couldn’t have managed D．couldn’t manage
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。根据heiped可知，是发生的事情，对过去虚拟，主句用would/could/should have done故选C
考点：考查虚拟语气
9．--- Shall I open the window to let some fresh air in?
--- No,_____
A．I’d rather not B．I’d rather you not
C．I’d rather you didn’t D．I’d like not to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和省略的用法。句意：--用不用我打开窗户透透气。---不用了，我宁愿你不打开。A. I’d rather not是I’d rather not open the window的省略句，意思是“我不愿意去开窗”。B. I’d rather you not，I’d rather后不跟you not结构，B项语法不正确。C. I’d rather you didn’t I’d rather后可跟从句，虚拟语气，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时态，表示与现实相反D. I’d like not to此项语法不正确应该用wouldn't like to do sth.。故选C。
10．________there were more people donating money to charity collections!
A．Only if B．If only
C．What if D．How about
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定句式。A. Only if 只要； B. If only要是；C. What if假使---将会怎样； D. How
about觉得怎么样。句意：要是有更多的人捐款给慈善机构就好了！if only要是……就好了。根据句意可知选B。
【名师点睛】
Only if只要，引导条件状语从句；If only要是---就好了，if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同：
If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。
If only it would stop raining! 雨要是停了就好了。
If only he didn't drive so fast. 但愿他车没开得那么快。
【友情提示】if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。
11．（2017•天津）—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A．hadn’t been B．wouldn’t have been
C．weren’t D．wouldn’t be
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析：
【名师点睛】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？--有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。根据标志词otherwise，相当于一个条件状语从句：If I hadn't have her phone number，即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句，可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选B。
【点睛】
if的虚拟语气非常重要，首先要熟悉基本用法：1、表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句：If 主语+过去时(be动词用were)；主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do：2、表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句：If主语+had+done；主句：主语+should/ would/ could/ might+have done3、表示对将来情况的主观推测，从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语
+should+do ③if+主语+did（动词过去式）/were ；主句：主语+should /would/ could
/might+do，另外要注意从句也可以省略if，把had，were，should提前。这句话的虚拟语气是根据标志词otherwise和句意推断出主句是对过去的虚拟。
12．If yo u ___________ to my advice carefully, you wouldn’t have made such a terrible mistake. A．listened B．have listened
C．would listen D．had listened
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你仔细听我的建议，你就不会犯如此严重的错误了。根据后面you wouldn’t have made such a terrible mistake.可知，表示与过去事实相反的假设，其结构为：从句(If+主语+had+过去分词)，主句(主语+should／would+have+过去分词)。故选D。
13．It’s too bad that my computer has got a new virus. If only I __________that programme! A．didn’t run B．haven’t run
C．hadn’t run D．wouldn’t run
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我的电脑有了新的病毒。要是我没有用那个程序就好了。此处与过去的事实相反，所以用过去完成时态，答案为C。
14．________ you happen to see Mary, would you please ask her to come here?
A．Would B．Could C．Should D．Might
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：句意: 如果你碰巧遇到Kate ,请你叫她来这里一下好吗？在if条件句中，如果有should,were或had,可以省略if,把should,were或had提前。故选C。
考点：考查情态动词表虚拟。
15．I wish I ______ photography then. If so, I could give you a hand at present.
A．studied B．had studied
C．have studied D．will study
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我当时要是学摄影就好了。如果是的话，我现在可以帮你一下。此处考查动词wish后跟宾语从句，用虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。故选B.
【点睛】
虚拟语气用在wish后的宾语从句中，（常常省去连词that），表示不可能实现的愿望。1.表示与现在事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + 动词过去式（be 一律用were）
例如：I wish I knew everything in the world.
2.表示与过去事实相反的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + had + 过去分词，本题就属于这一类。
例如：I wish that you had called yesterday.
3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望
构成：主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/should/could/might + 原形动词
例如：I wish that he could try again.
16．You are always sleeping in class. I'd rather you__________my class.
A．are not attending B．were not attending C．won't attend D．not attend
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：你总是在课堂上睡觉。我宁愿你没来听我的课。would rather后接从句时，从句谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示“现在或将来的愿望”时通常使用一般过去时态，结合语境和选项，只有B项符合，选B。
17．My parents walked the pet dog several times a day, getting exercise they
otherwise_________.
A．wouldn’t have B．woul dn’t have had C．didn’t have D．hadn’t had
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查虚拟语气。
【详解】
句意为：我的父母一天遛狗多次，从而得到了锻炼，否则不然的话他们才不会锻炼。根据句子的谓语walked可知后半句是与过去事实相反的假设，主句用would have done，所以B 正确。
18．Without electricity, human life quite difficult today.
A．would be B．will be
C．would have been D．is
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：没有电，人类今天的生活将会相当困难。虚拟语气中的“含蓄之美”指的是含蓄虚拟语气。因为有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句。由“today”可知，表示的是与现在事实相反的假设，所以主语从句谓语形式为would be。故A选项正确。
19．The villagers are extremely grateful to the workers, without whose help the road to the
village______.
A．can’t be built B．mustn’t be built
C．couldn’t have been built D．mustn’t have been built
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：村民们非常感谢工人们，没有他们的帮助，这条通往村庄的道路就不可能被建成。此处without whose引导的定语从句中用虚拟语气，相当于if引导的虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，且定语从句的主语the road和build之间是被动关系，故答案为C。
20．Investigators urged that safety procedures at the construction site ___________ as soon as possible.
A．would improve B．were improved
C．improved D．be improved
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：调查人员敦促建筑工地上的安全操作要尽早改善。动词urge后的宾语从句要使用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。本句主语safety procedures at the construction site与improve构成被动关系，要用被动语态，句中还省略了should。故D项正确。
21．I’ll give ____ to your suggestion that we ____ a pa rty in honor of the experienced professor. A．much thought; hold B．many thoughts; should hold
C．much thought; will hold D．some thought; can hold
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查不可数名词和suggestion后的同位语从句。句意：我将仔细考虑你的建议，我们为这位经验丰富的教授举行一个聚会。thought作为“想法”的时候是可数名词，作为抽象意义的“思想”时是不可数名词；suggestion后面的同位语从句应该用（should）+动词原形。结合句意可知答案为A。
22．The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________ the task in half the time. A．accomplished B．had accomplished
C．would accomplish D．would have accomplished
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知，这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语
+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选D。
23．It was President Xi Jinping_______visited the navy troops on April 19 and urged that naval force_______.
A．who; strengthen B．whom; strengthen
C．who; be strengthened D．who; to strengthen
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查强调句和虚拟语气。句意：是习近平主席在4月19号参观了海军，要求加强海军力量。本句是强调句，基本结构是：It is/was+强调部分+who/that+其余部分。urge后加宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用（should）+动词原形，此处省略了should，故选C。
【名师点睛】
在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该应不应该怎么样，这些词语后面的that从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上should常被省略，故此句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：
1. wish后的宾语从句
2. 表示“坚持”insist后的宾语从句
3. 表示“命令”order、command后的宾语从句
4. 表示“建议”advise、suggest、propose、recommend后的宾语从句
5. 表示“要求”ask、demand、require、request后的宾语从句
6. 表示“投票”vote后的宾语从句
7. 表示“安排”arrange后的宾语从句
8. 表示“希望”“打算”desire，intend后的宾语从句
9. 表示“指示”direct后的宾语从句
24．If we could live our life once again, I suppose many people ________ a different one. A．will choose B．will have chosen
C．would choose D．would have chosen
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
本题考查虚拟语气。解题步骤：1.确定虚拟语气：If条件句谓语动词用了could do，说明此
处是虚拟语气；2.确定谓语动词：If条件句用could do，表示和现在事实相反的虚拟语气，主句用would/could/should do。句意：如果我们能再活一次，我想很多人会选择一个不同的人生。故选C。
25．He would get to the university by Friday ______ today, which can ensure him of his speech. A．were he to leave B．if he had left C．did he to leave D．had he left
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果今天出发，他周五就可以达到那所大学，这样就可以确保他的演讲。根据He would get to the university by Friday判断此处考查与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句应用一般过去时，即if he were to leave，又从句中有were时可省略if将其提到句首，即were he to leave，故选A项。
【点睛】
本题考查非真实条件状语从句中虚拟语气的省略
If引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，如有were, had(助动词)，should时可省略if，再提前were, had, should。例如：
1.If I were you, I would choose to stay at home. →Were I you, I would choose to stay at home.
2.If it should snow tomorrow, I would make a snowman. →Should it snow tomorrow, I would make a snowman.
3.If you had followed my advice, you would be better now. →Had you followed my advice，you would be better now.
26．Without your instruction, I ___________ such great progress.
A．cannot make B．will not make C．had not made D．could not have made
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有你的指导，我不可能有这么大的进步。根据语境可知“指导”这一动作发生在过去，此处表示对过去的虚拟，主句谓语用could/would
/should/might(not) have done，故D项正确。
27．_____ the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often.
A．If it is not B．Were it not for C．Had it not been for D．If it had not been 【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为免费的电影票，我就不会看电影看得那么勤。根据 I
would not have gone to the films so often.可知，这里在对过去进行虚拟，要用非真实条件句的虚拟语气，此时条件从句中谓语动词用had done。而当非真实条件句中有had时，可以省略if，把had提至主语前形成部分倒装结构。故选C项。
【点睛】
非真实条件句的虚拟语气是虚拟语气的考查中很重要的一部分。非真实条件句表示条件从句假设的动作客观上未发生，只是主观虚拟在这个动作发生的情况下主句动作的反馈。非真实条件句的虚拟语气可分为对现在的虚拟、对过去的虚拟和对将来的虚拟，每一种情况下条件从句的谓语动词和主句的谓语动词形式都是有相应要求的。而当非真实条件句中有should、had或were时，可以省略if，而把should、had、或were提至主语前，从句形成部分倒装结构。本题正好符合这种情况，首先根据分析出的非真实条件从句可以写出一般形式“If it had not been for the free ticket”，再省略if、提前had作部分倒装，即可得出正确答案。
28．But for his determination to stick it out, he ______ it as a top-ranked player in tennis. A．shouldn't have made B．could make
C．wouldn't have made D．wouldn't make
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是他坚持到底的决心，他就不会成为一流的网球选手。but for 表示“要不是、倘若没有”，需要用虚拟语气，属于隐含虚拟条件句，根据“his determination to stick it out”可知此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，主句谓语用would(not)+have done，故C项正确。
29．Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I_________as well as her at last party.
A．dance B．will dance C．had danced D．danced
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：埃伦是个出色的舞者，我多么希望我在上次的舞会上能跳得和她一样好。根据上文wish（动词）可知I______as well as her at last party.做wish 的宾语，是宾语从句。结合宾语从句意思可知句中表达了说话者的一种不大可能实现的愿望，应用虚拟语气；根据句中“at last party（上次舞会）”可知，是对过去情况的虚拟，wish 后的宾语从句对过去的虚拟要使用过去完成时had done。故选C。
【点睛】
wish后跟宾语从句要用虚拟语气，对过去情况的虚拟，谓语动词用过去完成时had done；对现在情况的虚拟，谓语动词用过去式；对将来情况的虚拟，谓语动词用
would/could/might +动词原形。
30．We _______ home now if you hadn’t taken the wrong turning.
A．would be B．are
C．were D．will be
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你没有拐错弯，我们现在已经在家了。此处是虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，主句表示与现在的事实相反用would/should/could/might+动词原形，故选A。
【名师点睛】
虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时，要区别对待。
从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如：
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会是工程师了。此处从句指过去的事实，如果当初努力学习，主句和现在事实相反，指现在就是工程师了。
本题考查此结构，从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，主句表示与现在的事实相反用would/should/could/might+动词原形。
从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：
If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。从句现在事实是他不认识她，主句与过去事实相反，指他没去问候。
从句的动作与过去发生的情况相反，而主句的动作与现在正在发生的情况相反。如：
If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的话，庄稼会长得更好。从句与过去相反指今年下雨很多，主句与现在情况相反指庄稼没有长好。
(英语)英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案及解析
（英语）英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I______ you, I would take a small present.. A．am B．was C．were D．are 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我我你，我会那个小的礼物。句中用虚拟语气，系动词用were，故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver. A．think; are B．am thinking; are C．thought; were D．think; were 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。 3．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research. ---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity. A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is 【答案】C 【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。故选C 4． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D．is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题的含义是如果我是你，我将告诉他们真相，本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句，在虚拟句中，be用were，主句通常用过去的一种，will应该用would，故本题选B。 考点：if引导的虚拟条件句。 点评：在英文中条件句有两种，一种是真实的条件句，if后遇到将来时用一般现在时，一种是虚拟的条件句，if后用过去时，be用were，在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。
虚拟语气详解及练习附答案
虚拟语气详解及练习附答案 虚拟语气 1）概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 1 真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。 时态关系 句型：条件从句主句 一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而
直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 2 非真实条件句 1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。 a.同现在事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should( would) +动词原形 If they were here, they would help you. b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词 If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress. 含义：He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress. c.表示对将来的假想 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形 If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
英语语法——虚拟语气的常见类型及用法专项练习含答案
英语语法——虚拟语气的常见类型及用法专项练习含答案 英语语法——虚拟语气的常见类型及用法专项练习含答案 No.1 虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 (1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式(be动词用were)。 B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he weren’t so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I’d rather yo u posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。
英语英语虚拟语气专项训练100附答案
〔英语〕英语虚拟语气专项训练100( 附答案 ) 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I you, I’ d take a small present for her. A． am B． is C． was D．were 【答案】D 【解析】 分析：虚气是一种特殊的形式，用来表示人所的并不是事，而是 一种假、愿望、疑或推。其主要有三种构：1、与在事相反：假设与在事相 反，条件从句的用去式〔be通常用were 〕，主句用“should 〔 would,could, might 〕 +原形〞 2 、与去事相反：假设与去事相反，条件从句的用去完成 〔 had+去分〕，主句用“should〔would, could, might〕+have+去分〞。 3、与将来事相反：假设与将来事相反，条件从句的用去式〔be 通常用were〕，主句用“should〔would, could, might 〕 +原形〞。句意：如果我是你，我会她一 件小礼物。合境可知本句描述的是与在相反的事，故D。 考点：考虚气。 2．The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss had to do that. A． be given B． being given C．will be to give D ．were given 【答案】A 【解析】句意：工人持要求他每天中午都有免的午餐，老板必做。考虚 气。insist持，要求，其后面的从句要用虚气，跟虚式原形或者“ should + 原形〞。合句意和境可知A。 3．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A． not have B． have not C． not D．not having 【答案】 A 【解析】 句意“你本不看足球比，你有多的工作要做〞。本考虚气， shouldn't have done 本不做⋯⋯却 做了。根据句意，故 A。 4． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D． is , will tell 【答案】 B 【解析】 分析：本的含是如果我是你，我将告他真相，本if引的是一个虚的条 件句，在虚句中，be用were ，主句通常用去的一种，will用would ，故本 B。
(英语)英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案含解析
（英语）英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案含解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．I wish I ____fly to the moon one day A．can B．could C．am D．was 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我希望有一天我能飞到月球。通过对这句话的理解我们可以知道这是一个几乎不可能实现的愿望，故在wish 后面的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气，所以用过去时态。故选B。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up. A．should have arrived B．should arrive C．should have had arrived D．should be arriving 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：怀特先生本来应该在8：30到会，但他却没有出现。should have done：本来应该做某事而实际上没做。故选A 考点：情态动词 3．--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars? --I’d give it to the charity A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果你赢了一百万美元，你要做什么？——我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实，故用一般过去时态，选B。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”
虚拟语气的用法及练习（附答案）
虚拟语气的用法及练习（附答案） 虚拟语气练习题一 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. Spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. Were C. has been D. had been 6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not
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