浙江省2020高考英语二轮复习 专题训练 阅读理解(90)

浙江省2020高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（90）

阅读理解

A

A new generation addiction is quickly spreading all over the world．Weboholism, a twentieth century disease, affects people from different ages．They surf the net, use e-mail and speak in chat rooms．They spend many hours on the computer, and it becomes a compulsive habit．They cannot stop, and it affects their lives．

Ten years ago, no one thought that using computers could become compulsive behavior that could affect the social and physical life of computer users．This obsessional behavior has affected teenagers and college students．They are likely to log on computers and spend long hours at different websites．

They become hooked on computers and gradually their social and school life is affected by this situation．They spend all free time surfing and don't concentrate on homework, so this addiction influences their grades and success at school．Because they can find everything on the websites, they hang out there．Moreover, this addiction to websites influences their social life．

They spend more time in front of computers than with their friends．The relation with their friends changes．The virtual life becomes more important than their real life．They have a new language that they speak in the chat rooms and it causes cultural changes in society．

Because of the change in their behavior, they begin to isolate themselves from the society and live with their virtual friends．They share their emotions and feelings with friends who they have never met in their

life．Although they feel confident on the computer, they are not confident with real life friends they have known all their life．It is a problem for the future．This addictive behavior is beginning to affect all the world．

1．The main idea of the passage is about ____________．

A．the cause of weboholism B．the advantage of weboholism C．the popularity of weboholism D．the influence of weboholism

2．The underlined word “obsessional” in the second paragraph most probably means ___________．

A．attractive B．addictive C．professional

D．potential

3．We can infer from the passage that __________．

A．weboholism has the greatest effect on teenagers

B．students can hardly balance real and virtual life

C．people are addicted to games on the Internet

D．virtual life is more vivid and attractive anyway

4．Which of the following is NOT true of weboholism?

A．It contributes to the development of the web．

B．The chat room language may change social culture．

C．The problem will be getting more and more serious later．

D．People addicted to the web often become inactive in real life．

B

The appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects．Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement．For example, some advertisers have appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by

advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage．Some of the products work．Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money．Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading．A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters （节食者） with the message that there were fewer calories in every slice．It turned out that the bread was not dietetic （适合于节食的）, but just regular bread．There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf．

On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns．Consider fire insurance．Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss．But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance．The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people．If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as well as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising．

Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation．Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product．Consumers still control the final buying decision．5．Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by _______．A．stressing their high quality

B．convincing him of their low price

C．maintaining a balance between quality and price

D．appealing to his buying motives

6．The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that _______．A．thin slices of bread could contain more calories

B．the loaf was cut into regular slices

C．the bread was not genuine bread

D．the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same

7．Which statement is True according to the passage?

A．sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needs ．B．advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't need．

C．the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisements．

D．fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment．

8．It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should _______．A．think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisements B．guard against the deceiving nature of advertisements

C．be familiar with various advertising strategies

D．avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal

C

The way we do things round here

Some years ago, I was hired by an American bank．I received a letter from

the head of the Personnel Department that started, "高考资源网 John, I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us．" That "quite" saddened me．I thought he was saying "we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although

I wish we had hired someone else．" Then I discovered that in American English "quite" sometimes means "very", while in British English it means "fairly"．So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak．It is body language, dress, manners, ideas and so on．The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures（文化）．

Some of these differences may be only on the surface-dress, food and hours of work-while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with．Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate（气候），while getting on with business．

Some of the differences may be an improvement．People are more polite; the service is better; you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again．However, other differences can be troubling, like punctuality（准时）．If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the

American Midwest, an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece．I prefer not to use the word "late" because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive．It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country．

9．The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought______．

A．the American bank didn't think much of him

B．the American bank might hire another person

C．it's difficult to get used to American culture

D．it's easy to misunderstand Americans

10．The word "highlights" in Paragraph 2 probably means_____．A．encourages B．helps to narrow

C．increases D．draws attention to 11．According to the author, what should we do with most cultural differences? A．Ask the native people for help．

B．Understand and accept them．

C．Do things in our own way．

D．Do in-depth research．

12．When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are______．A．Italians B．Germans C．Greeks D．the British

D

In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources （资源）, the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise．Actually, the past decades has seen more and more forests disappearing and globe becoming increasingly warm．People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable （可持续的） ways．That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products．In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources．

Today, sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries．According to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decades．China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution．It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains．In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil （棕榈油）， which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest．In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%．

Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets．First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions （排放） and targets for saving and reusing energy．Besides, stronger arrangement of public

resources like forests can also help to speed up the development．Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one．

The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of growing population within the limits if this single planet．That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries．

13．The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ______．

A．It makes the world warmer B．it consumes natural resources C．it brings severe damage to forests D．it makes growth hard to continue

14．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A．China lacks wind and solar energy．

B．China is the leader of the low-carbon market．

C．High-speed trains are a low-carbon development．

D．Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests．

15．To full develop the low-carbon markets, government can ______．A．cut public expenses B．forbid carbon emission C．develop public resources D．encourage energy conservation 16．What is the main purpose of the passage?

A．To introduce a new business model．

B．To compare two business models．

C．To predict a change of the global market．

D．To advocate sustainable development．

E

Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists （考古学家） says．In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue．It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2020 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age．The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance．“Your current requirement that all archaeologi cally unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write．The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2020 that date back to 3,000 BC．Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground．

The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago．If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was．Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed．Before 2020, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains．The Ministry of Justice assured

archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it．

Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer．”

The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept．

17.According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ______．

A．it is only a temporary measure on the human remains

B．it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research

C．it was introduced by the government without their knowledge

D．it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains

18.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A．Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time．B．Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh．C．Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time．D．Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed．

19.What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains? A．The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains．B．The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857．C．The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades．

D．The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law．

20.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands．B．Research time should be extended, scientists require．

C．Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say．D．Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn．

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