定语从句翻译长短句

根据汉语的表达习惯及对原文的忠实度，翻译这类定语从句可以采用以下几种方法

1.1前置合译法（前滚翻）：若定语从句较短，较简单，与名词（先行词）的关系紧密（一般来说，紧密的，为限定性从句；不紧密的，为非限定性从句），限定性定

语从句及少部分非限定性从句（较短且有描述性的非限定），一般将从句提在先行词之前，译成“。。的”

1）T he action it takes at any moment cant be predicted,and people find that disturbing. 它在任何一个时刻采取的

2）I was, to borrow from John Le Carre, the spy who was to stay out in the cold.

借用的话来说（插入语，作状语，译成汉语时，放在句首），我成了一个被打入

冷宫的间谍。

3）T here will come a day when people all over the world will live a happy life. 全世界人民过

上幸福生活的那一天（终究）是会到来的。

4）T he people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him.在他手下干活的员工怕他怕得要死。

5）We were most impressed by the fact that eve n those patie ntwho were not told of their serious illwere quite aware of its pote ntial outcome.

给我们留下极深印象的是：（同位语的翻译）即使那些没有被告知严重病情的病人，对其疾病的潜在后果也是非常清楚的。

6）One expla natio n for the pig-eat ing taboo is that pork that is not cooked sufficie ntly may spread a disease called trichi no sis.

对禁食猪肉的一种解释是：如果未被煮透的话，猪肉可能会传播一种叫旋毛虫病

7）But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were see ing were the patter ns and structures that existed 15 billio n years ago.

但更为重要的是，这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象，因为他们看到的是150

亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。

8）Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face differe nt from ano ther.

即使是老道的作家也很可能不能完全描述出决定人的面孔各不相同的所有特征。

9）T he sun , which had hidden all day , now came out in all its splendor.

（那个）整天躲在云层里的太阳，现在（如今）又光芒四射地露面了（介词短语做状语的翻

译方法）。

10) The emphasis was helped by the spea k er mouth, which was wide, thin and hard set. 讲话人那又阔又薄又紧绷的嘴巴有助于他加强说话的语气。

11) He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant, but he did not like his brother, who was aloof and arroga nt.

他喜欢热情愉快的妹妹，不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。

12) But Miggle s laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silenc的富有感染力的笑声打破了静默。

13) Yet no such effect had bee n detected in any of the ingenious and delicate experime nts tha physicists had devised: the velocity速度)of light did not vary.

然而在任何物理学家所进行过的精细巧妙的实验中，都没有发现这种影响：光速没有变化。

1. 2切分重复法(后置分译法)：若定从较复杂，或与先行词的关系疏松，如

果把它翻译在其修饰的先行词的后面的话，会显得定语太过于臃肿和复杂，不符合

汉语表达习惯时，而无法让评卷老师看的清清楚楚，明明白白。一般用分译法将从句

译成一个句子。

1.2.1先翻主句，再翻从句，重复关系代词所指代的名词。(英汉两种语言的差异，英语要避

免重复，汉语喜欢重复，因此，将指示代词明确之后，重复出来)

1) Even a skilled writer probably could not describe all the features that make one face differe nt from ano ther.

即使是最老道的作家也很可能描述出全部特征，这些特征能够体现出各人面孔的不同。

2) I bought a book which was written by Lu Xun, ( which was)imposed great impact on several gen erati ons.

1) At dinner I found myself placed betwee n Mrs. Bradly ,and a shy drab girl who seemed ever youn ger than others席间，我发现自己坐在布拉得雷太太和一腼腆乏味的女孩子中间；她(这个女孩)看上去比其余人都年轻。

2) A writer ----- i n fact every one of us in life——needs that loving-mother force from which

all creation flows…•一个作家--- 实际上生活中的每个人--- 都需要慈母的力量，它

(这种力量)是创造一切的源泉。

3) He un selfishly con tributed his un com mon tale nts and in defatigable spirit to the struggle which today brings them ( those aims) within the reach of a majority of the human race. 他把自己非凡的才智和不倦的精力无私地奉献给了这场斗争，这场斗争(该斗争) 今天已