Electric Power Systems 电力系统
电气工程及自动化专业英语考试翻译课文Electric Power Systems 电力系统3.1
Section 1 Introduction 第一节介绍The modern society depends on the electricity supply more heavily than ever before.现代社会比以往任何时候对电力供应的依赖更多。
It can not be imagined what the world should be if the electricity supply were interrupted all over the world. 如果中断了世界各地的电力供应，无法想像世界会变成什么样子Electric power systems (or electric energy systems), providing electricity to the modern society, have become indispensable components of the industrial world. 电力系统（或电力能源系统），提供电力到现代社会，已成为产业界的不可缺少的组成部分。
The first complete electric power system (comprising a generator, cable, fuse, meter, and loads) was built by Thomas Edison –the historic Pearl Street Station in New York City which began operation in September 1882. 托马斯爱迪生建立了世界上第一个完整的电力系统（包括发电机，电缆，熔断器，计量，并加载）它就是位于纽约市具有历史意义的珍珠街的发电厂始于1882年9月运作。
This was a DC system consisting of a steam-engine-driven DC generator supplying power to 59 customers within an area roughly 1.5 km in radius. The load, which consisted entirely of incandescent lamps, was supplied at 110 V through an underground cable system. 这是一个直流系统，由一个蒸汽发动机驱动的直流发电机其供电面积约1.5公里至59范围内的客户。
架空输电线路150条专用名词术语解释（双语）
架空输电线路150条专用名词术语解释（双语）【名词】电力系统【英文】electrical power system； electricity supply system 【注释】发电、输电及配电的所有装置和设备的组合。
【名词】电力网【英文】 electrical power system； electrical power network【注释】输电、配电的各种装置、变电站、电力线路或电缆的组合。
【名词】交流系统【英文】 alternating current system; AC system【注释】由交流电压供电的系统。
【名词】直流系统【英文】 direct current system; DC system【注释】由直流电压供电的系统。
【名词】输电【英文】 transmission or electricity【注释】从发电站向用电地区输送电能。
【名词】（电力）线路【英文】 (electric)line【注释】在电力系统两点之间输配电的导线、绝缘材料和各种附件组成的设施。
【名词】输电线路【英文】 transmission line【注释】连接发电厂与变电站（所）的传输电能的电力线路，作为输电系统一部分的线路。
【名词】架空线路【英文】 overhead line【注释】用杆塔和绝缘材料将导线架离地面的电力线路。
【名词】支线【英文】 branch line ; spur【注释】连接到主线路中一点上的电力线路。
【名词】 T接线路【英文】 ttapped line; teed line【注释】连接有支线的线路。
【名词】系统标称电压【英文】nominal coltage system【注释】用以标志或识别系统电压的给定值。
【名词】运行电压【英文】operating voltage【注释】在正常情况下，系统的指定点在制定时刻的电压值。
【名词】系统最高电压【英文】 highest voltage of a system【注释】系统正常运行时的任何时间，系统中任何一点上所出现的最高运行电压值。
Electric Power System
Power Station The power station of a power system consists of a prime mover ,such as a turbine driven by water ,steam, or combustion gases that operate a system of electric motors and generators. Most of the world's electric power is generated in steam plants driven by coal, oil, nuclear energy, or gas. A smaller percentage of the world's electric power is generated by hydroelectric (waterpower), diesel, and internalcombustion plants. 电站。电力系统的电站包括原动机，如由水，蒸汽驱动的涡轮，或者燃烧气体操控 的电动机和发电机系统，世界上大多数的电能由煤炭、石油、核能或者燃气驱动的 蒸汽发电厂产生。少量电能由水力，柴油和内燃机发电厂产生。 prime [praim] adj.最好的；首要的；最初的；基本的 n.精华；初期；全盛时期；青年 vt.使准备好；填装；事先指导 adv.极好地 vi.（为枪炮）装火药；涂底漆；修剪树枝；注水入泵引起 prime mover 原动机 turbine [‘tɜːbaɪn] n. 涡轮 combustion [kəmˈbʌstʃən] n.燃烧，烧毁；氧化；骚动 steam plant 蒸汽动力厂 hydroelectric [ˈhaɪdrəʊɪˈlektrɪk] adj.水力发电的 diesel [ˈdi:zəl] n.柴油机；柴油机机车（或船等） internal-combustion adj.内燃的
(完整版)电力专业英语阅读与翻译部分课后长句
第一章第一节电力系统基本结构Part 1 Basic Construction of Electric Power SystemBasic Concepts of Electric Power System电能是一种理想的能力形式，便于传输和使用，而且很清洁，对环境和大气无污染，因此自被发现以来，电能发展迅速并且利用广泛。
电能的产生、输送和消耗过程就在这一被称为电力系统的整体化系统中实现。
Electricity is an ideal energy form, which is convenient to deliver and use, and is clean without polluting our environmentand atmosphere. The generation, delivery and consumption of electricity are realized in an integrated system which is calledelectric power system or power system.一个电力系统包括三个基本部分：发电系统、输电系统和配电系统，如图1-1 所示An electric power system consists of three principal divisions: power generation, power transmission system, and powerdistribution systems, as shown in Fig.1.1图1-1 电力系统的三个基本部分用户从电力系统取用的所有电能都是在某种形式的电厂（或者称作电站）中产生的。
发电是整个电能利用过程的第一环节。
All the electricity the consumers take from the power system is generated in a power plant, or called power station, of somekind. Power generation is the first stage of the whole progress of the utilization of electric energy.输电系统连接发电和配电系统，并经过网络互连通向其他电力系统。
Electrical Power Systems
Electrical Power Systems Electric power systems are an essential part of modern society, providing the electricity needed to power homes, businesses, and industries. These systems are complex and require careful planning, design, and maintenance to ensure reliable and safe operation. However, there are several problems and challenges associated with electrical power systems that need to be addressed to meet the increasing demand for electricity and to ensure a sustainable and resilient power supply. One of the major problems facing electrical power systems is the aging infrastructure. Many power systems were built decades ago and are in need of upgrades and modernization. Aging infrastructure can lead to increased maintenance costs, decreased reliability, and a higher risk of power outages. Additionally, as the demand for electricity continues to grow, the existing infrastructure may not be able to support the increased load, leading to potential overloads and blackouts. Another challenge facing electrical power systems is the integration of renewable energy sources. With the growing emphasis on reducing carbon emissions and transitioning to cleaner energy sources, there is a push tointegrate more renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, into the electrical grid. While this is a positive development for the environment, it presents challenges for power system operators in terms of managing the variability and intermittency of renewable energy sources and ensuring grid stability. Furthermore, cybersecurity is a critical issue for electrical power systems. As power systems become more interconnected and reliant on digital technologies, they become increasingly vulnerable to cyber attacks. A successful cyber attack on a power system could have devastating consequences, leading to widespread power outages and disruption to critical infrastructure. Therefore, it is essential for power system operators to invest in robust cybersecurity measures to protect against potential threats. In addition, the increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather events due to climate change pose a significant threat toelectrical power systems. Storms, floods, and wildfires can damage power infrastructure, leading to widespread outages and prolonged periods of downtime. Power system operators must develop resilience and adaptation strategies to mitigate the impact of extreme weather events and ensure the continuity of powersupply during and after such events. Moreover, the electrification of transportation and heating presents both opportunities and challenges forelectrical power systems. The widespread adoption of electric vehicles andelectric heating systems will increase the demand for electricity, requiring upgrades to the power infrastructure to support the increased load. However, smart grid technologies and demand response programs can help manage the increased demand and optimize the use of electricity, contributing to a more efficient and sustainable power system. Finally, the transition to a more decentralized and distributed power system, with the proliferation of small-scale renewable energy generation and energy storage systems, presents both opportunities and challenges. While decentralized power generation can improve resilience and reducetransmission losses, it also requires new approaches to system planning, operation, and regulation to ensure the reliable and efficient integration of distributed energy resources into the grid. In conclusion, electrical power systems face a myriad of challenges, ranging from aging infrastructure and cybersecurity threats to the integration of renewable energy and the impact of extreme weather events. Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive and holistic approach, incorporating technological innovation, regulatory reforms, and investment in infrastructure upgrades. By proactively addressing these challenges, power system operators can ensure the reliability, resilience, and sustainability of electrical power systems to meet the needs of society now and in the future.。
电力术语翻译
术语和定义本标准直接引用GB/T 2900.49-1994《电工术语电力系统保护》、GB/T 2900.50-1998 《电工术语发电、输电及配电通用术语》、GB/T 2900.52-2000 《电工术语发电、输电及配电发电》、GB/T 2900.57-2002《电工术语发电、输电及配电运行》、GB/T 2900.58-2002 《电工术语发电、输电及配电电力系统规划和管理》、GB/T 2900.59-2002《电工术语发电、输电及配电变电站》标准术语，并定义下列术语。
3.1 基本名称3.1.1电力系统 electrical power system电力系统包括发电、供电（输电、变电、配电）、受电设施和为保证这些设施正常运行所需的继电保护和安全自动装置、计量装置、电力通信设施、电网调度自动化设施等。
《电网调度管理条例》中也称电网。
3.1.2电力调度机构 electrical power dispatching organization指各级电力调度通信中心（局、所）或电力调度交易中心。
电力调度机构是电网运行的组织、指挥、指导和协调机构，电网运营企业负责设立和管理所辖电力调度机构。
调度机构既是生产运行单位，又是电网运营企业的职能机构，在电网运行中行使调度权，在电力市场运营中负责市场交易。
3.1.3电力监管机构 Electricity Regulatory Commission指国家电力监管委员会及其派出机构。
国家电力监管委员会按照国务院授权，行使行政执法职能，依照法律、法规统一履行全国电力监管职责。
3.1.4电网运营企业grid operation enterprise指负责电网运行和经营的电力企业。
3.1.5电网使用者 electrical power system user； network user指使用电网完成电力生产、输送、交易和消费的单位与个人，如发电企业、供电企业、电网直接供电用户和一般用户。
电力系统及其自动化简介
电力系统和电力系统自动化电力工业是具有公用事业性质的基础性产业，电力行业是具有明显的社会公益性的行业，是国民经济的大动脉，电力供应的可靠性对现代社会具有极其重大的影响。
我国经济在稳步快速的发展，需要我国电力工业发展的支持，也给电力系统自动化产业提供了前所未有的机遇和挑战。
1我国电力系统发展和现状1.1体制变迁●97年前：电力工业部●97年8月：国家电力公司●02年3月：国务院正式批准了以“厂网分开，竞价上网，打破垄断，引入竞争”为宗旨的《电力体制改革方案》(即：国务院5号文件)。
●02年10月：成立国家电力监管委员会（电监会）●02年12月29日，在原国家电力公司的基础上，中国电力新组建(改组)的11家公司宣告成立，包括两家电网公司、五家发电集团公司和四家辅业集团公司分别经营电网、电源及辅业资产。
电网公司：✓国家电网公司✓南方电网公司发电公司✓华能集团公司✓大唐集团公司✓华电集团公司✓国电集团公司✓电力投资集团辅业集团✓中国电力工程顾问集团公司✓中国水电工程顾问集团公司✓中国水利水电建设集团公司✓中国葛洲坝集团公司●电力产业总资产（2000年底）：2.5万亿元，其中原国电总资产1.8万亿元1.2近期发展状况●发电装机容量：1980：6587万KW（65869MW）1987：10289.7万KW1993：20000万KW1996：23654万KW2003：38900万KW2004：44000万KW，用电21735亿千瓦时2005年底：50841万KW，用电24220亿千瓦时未来十年，预计还要增加50000万KW变电站数量：1996年统计数据（注）：500KV：47330KV：25220KV：1003154KV：2110KV：549666KV：272935KV：20921目前每年新增变电站约4000个，改造老变电站约2000个。
2003年末数据（网络数据，供参考）：500kV：近100个220kV：1800多个110kV：5900个66kV/35kV变电站有5700多个另有数据显示，全国110KV以下、35KV以上的终端变电站有18000余座，35KV等级以下的各类配电变电站数量更多近几年，每年新增变电站约4000个，改造老变电站约2000个。
电力英语词汇汇总
电力英语词汇汇总一、电力系统基本词汇1. 电站（Power Station）2. 发电机（Generator）3. 变压器（Transformer）4. 断路器（Circuit Breaker）5. 线路（Transmission Line）6. 电容器（Capacitor）7. 电抗器（Reactor）8. 继电器（Relay）9. 保护装置（Protection Device）10. 控制系统（Control System）二、电力设备与部件1. 母线（Busbar）2. 避雷器（Surge Arrester）3. 电缆（Cable）4. 绝缘子（Insulator）5. 钢筋（Rebar）6. 混凝土（Concrete）7. 齿轮（Gear）8. 轴承（Bearing）9. 油箱（Tank）10. 油冷却器（Oil Cooler）三、电力工程术语1. 电力工程（Electric Power Engineering）2. 设计规范（Design Specification）3. 施工图纸（Construction Drawing）4. 工程预算（Project Budget）5. 施工方案（Construction Scheme）6. 质量验收（Quality Acceptance）7. 安全生产（Safety Production）8. 环境保护（Environmental Protection）9. 节能减排（Energy Saving and Emission Reduction）10. 智能电网（Smart Grid）四、电力行业组织与机构1. 国家能源局（National Energy Administration）2. 电力公司（Electric Power Corporation）3. 电力设计院（Electric Power Design Institute）4. 电力科学研究院（Electric Power Research Institute）5. 电力行业协会（Electric Power Industry Association）6. 电力工会（Electric Power Trade Union）7. 电力市场（Electricity Market）8. 电力监管机构（Electric Power Regulatory Authority）9. 电力消费者协会（Electric Power Consumer Association）10. 国际电力组织（International Electric Power Organization）五、电力技术与发展1. 火力发电（Thermal Power Generation）2. 水力发电（Hydroelectric Power Generation）3. 核能发电（Nuclear Power Generation）4. 风能发电（Wind Power Generation）5. 太阳能发电（Solar Power Generation）6. 新能源（New Energy）7. 分布式发电（Distributed Generation）8. 电动汽车（Electric Vehicle）9. 能源互联网（Energy Internet）10. 电力系统自动化（Electric Power System Automation）六、电力运行与维护1. 电网调度（Power Grid Dispatching）2. 运行监控（Operation Monitoring）3. 设备巡检（Equipment Patrol Inspection）4. 预防性维修（Preventive Maintenance）5. 故障处理（Fault Handling）6. 状态检修（ConditionBased Maintenance）7. 安全操作（Safe Operation）8. 电力可靠性（Electric Power Reliability）9. 负荷预测（Load Forecasting）10. 电力质量（Power Quality）七、电力法律法规与政策1. 电力法（Electricity Law）2. 电力市场监管条例（Electricity Market Regulation）3. 电力设施保护条例（Regulations for the Protection of Electric Power Facilities）4. 电力供应与使用条例（Regulations on Electric Power Supply and Use）5. 电力价格政策（Electricity Pricing Policy）6. 电力体制改革（Electricity System Reform）7. 能源发展战略行动计划（Energy Development Strategy Action Plan）8. 环境保护法律法规（Environmental Protection Laws and Regulations）9. 节能减排政策（Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Policy）10. 电力行业发展规划（Electric Power Industry Development Plan）八、电力市场与交易1. 电力市场交易规则（Electricity Market Trading Rules）2. 电力中长期合同（Longterm Electricity Contract）3. 电力现货市场（Electricity Spot Market）4. 电价形成机制（Electricity Price Formation Mechanism）5. 售电公司（Electricity Sales Company）6. 用户侧响应（Customer Side Response）7. 跨区电力交易（Crossregional Electricity Trade）8. 电力市场分析（Electricity Market Analysis）9. 电力市场竞争（Electricity Market Competition）10. 电力市场风险管理与控制（Electricity Market Risk Management and Control）九、电力行业发展趋势1. 电力行业数字化转型（Digital Transformation of Electric Power Industry）2. 电力系统灵活性（Flexibility of Electric Power System）3. 电力储能技术（Electricity Storage Technology）4. 电力需求侧管理（Electricity Demand Side Management）5. 电力行业智能化（Intelligence of Electric Power Industry）6. 电力行业绿色低碳发展（Green and Lowcarbon Development of Electric Power Industry）7. 电力行业国际合作（International Cooperation inElectric Power Industry）8. 电力行业人才培养（Talent Training in Electric Power Industry）9. 电力行业科技创新（Technological Innovation in Electric Power Industry）10. 电力行业可持续发展（Sustainable Development of Electric Power Industry）十、电力行业热点问题1. 电力供需平衡（Electricity Supply and Demand Balance）2. 电力系统安全稳定（Safety and Stability of Electric Power System）3. 电力扶贫（Electricity Poverty Alleviation）4. 电动汽车充电基础设施建设（Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Construction）5. 电力行业去产能（Capacity Reduction in Electric Power Industry）6. 电力行业环境保护（Environmental Protection in Electric Power Industry）7. 电力行业信用体系建设（Credit System Construction in Electric Power Industry）8. 电力行业反垄断（Antitrust in Electric Power Industry）9. 电力行业对外开放（Openingup of Electric Power Industry）10. 电力行业社会责任（Social Responsibility of Electric Power Industry）十一、电力技术创新与应用1. 智能电网技术（Smart Grid Technology）2. 分布式能源系统（Distributed Energy Systems）3. 微电网技术（Microgrid Technology）4. 能量管理系统（Energy Management System）5. 高压直流输电（High Voltage Direct Current Transmission）6. 超导技术（Superconductivity Technology）7. 电力电子技术（Power Electronics Technology）8. 量子计算在电力领域的应用（Application of Quantum Computing in Electric Power Field）9. 大数据与电力系统分析（Big Data and Electric Power System Analysis）10. 云计算在电力行业的应用（Application of Cloud Computing in Electric Power Industry）十二、电力工程项目管理1. 项目可行性研究（Project Feasibility Study）2. 项目立项（Project Approval）3. 项目招投标（Project Bidding）4. 项目合同管理（Project Contract Management）5. 项目进度控制（Project Schedule Control）6. 项目成本管理（Project Cost Management）7. 项目质量管理（Project Quality Management）8. 项目风险管理（Project Risk Management）9. 项目验收与移交（Project Acceptance and Handover）10. 项目后评价（Project Postevaluation）十三、电力行业职业素养与技能1. 电力工程师职业道德（Professional Ethics for Electrical Engineers）2. 电力行业职业技能培训（Vocational Skills Training in Electric Power Industry）3. 电力行业职称评定（Professional Title Evaluation in Electric Power Industry）4. 电力行业从业资格证书（Qualification Certificates in Electric Power Industry）5. 电力行业创新能力培养（Innovation Ability Training in Electric Power Industry）6. 电力行业团队协作（Team Collaboration in Electric Power Industry）7. 电力行业沟通与协调能力（Communication and Coordination Skills in Electric Power Industry）8. 电力行业应急处理能力（Emergency Handling Ability in Electric Power Industry）9. 电力行业法律法规知识（Legal Knowledge in Electric Power Industry）10. 电力行业国际视野（International Perspective in Electric Power Industry）十四、电力行业国际合作与交流1. 国际电力组织（International Electric Power Organizations）2. 国际电力展览会（International Electric Power Exhibitions）3. 国际电力技术交流（International Electric Power Technology Exchange）4. 国际电力项目合作（International Electric Power Project Cooperation）5. 国际电力市场分析（International Electric Power Market Analysis）6. 国际电力标准制定（International Electric Power Standards Development）7. 国际电力人才培养与合作（International Electric Power Talent Training and Cooperation）8. 国际电力政策研究（International Electric Power Policy Research）9. 国际电力环境保护合作（International Electric Power Environmental Protection Cooperation）10. 国际电力行业发展趋势探讨（Discussion on International Electric Power Industry Development Trends）。
（完整版）电力系统外文英语文献资料
（完整版）电力系统外文英语文献资料Electric Power SystemElectrical power system refers to remove power and electric parts of the part,It includes substation, power station and distribution. The role of the power grid is connected power plants and users and with the minimum transmission and distribution network disturbance through transport power, with the highest efficiency and possibility will voltage and frequency of the power transmission to the user fixed .Grid can be divided into several levels based on the operating voltage transmission system, substructure, transmission system and distribution system, the highest level of voltage transmission system is ZhuWangJia or considered the high power grids. From the two aspects of function and operation, power can be roughly divided into two parts, the transmission system and substation. The farthest from the maximum output power and the power of the highest voltage grade usually through line to load. Secondary transmission usually refers to the transmission and distribution system is that part of the middle. If a plant is located in or near the load, it might have no power. It will be direct access to secondary transmission and distribution system. Secondary transmission system voltage grade transmission and distribution system between voltage level. Some systems only single second transmission voltage, but usually more than one. Distribution system is part of the power system and its retail service to users, commercial users and residents of some small industrial users. It is to maintain and in the correct voltage power to users responsible. In most of the system, Distribution system accounts for 35% of the total investment system President to 45%, andtotal loss of system of the half .More than 220kv voltage are usually referred to as Ultra high pressure, over 800kv called high pressure, ultra high voltage and high pressure have important advantages, For example, each route high capacity, reduce the power needed for the number of transmission. In as high voltage to transmission in order to save a conductor material seem desirable, however, must be aware that high voltage transmission can lead to transformer, switch equipment and other instruments of spending increases, so, for the voltage transmission to have certain restriction, allows it to specific circumstances in economic use. Although at present, power transmission most is through the exchange of HVDC transmission, and the growing interest in, mercury arc rectifier and brake flow pipe into the ac power generation and distribution that change for the high voltage dc transmission possible.Compared with the high-voltage dc high-voltage ac transmission has the following some advantages: (1) the communication with high energy; (2) substation of simple maintenance and communication cost is low; (3) ac voltage can easily and effectively raise or lower, it makes the power transmission and high pressure With safety voltage distribution HVDC transmission and high-voltage ac transmission has the following advantages: (1) it only need two phase conductors and ac transmission to three-phase conductors; (2) in the dc transmission impedance, no RongKang, phase shift and impact overvoltage; (3) due to the same load impedance, no dc voltage, and transfer of the transmission line voltage drop less communication lines, and for this reason dc transmission line voltage regulator has better properties; (4) in dc system withoutskin effect. Therefore, the entire section of route conductors are using; (5) for the same work, dc voltage potential stress than insulation. Therefore dc Wire need less insulation; (6) dc transmission line loss, corona to little interference lines of communication; (7) HVDC transmission without loss of dielectric, especially in cable transmission; (8) in dc system without stability and synchronization of trouble.A transmission and the second transmission lines terminated in substation or distribution substations, the substation and distribution substations, the equipment including power and instrument transformer and lightning arrester, with circuit breaker, isolating switch, capacitor set, bus and a substation control equipment, with relays for the control room of the equipment. Some of the equipment may include more transformer substations and some less, depending on their role in the operation. Some of the substation is manual and other is automatic. Power distribution system through the distribution substations. Some of them by many large capacity transformer feeders, large area to other minor power transformer capacity, only a near load control, sometimes only a doubly-fed wire feeders (single single variable substation)Now for economic concerns, three-phase three-wire type communication network is widely used, however, the power distribution, four lines using three-phase ac networks.Coal-fired power means of main power generating drive generators, if coal energy is used to produce is pushing the impeller, then generate steam force is called the fire. Use coal produces steam to promote the rotating impeller machine plant called coal-fired power plants. In the combustion process, the energy stored in the coal to heat released,then the energy can be transformed into the form within vapor. Steam into the impeller machine work transformed into electrical energy.Coal-fired power plants could fuel coal, oil and natural gas is. In coal-fired power plant, coal and coal into small pieces first through the break fast, and then put out. The coal conveyer from coal unloader point to crush, then break from coal, coal room to pile and thence to power. In most installations, according to the needs of coal is, Smash the coal storage place, no coal is through the adjustable coal to supply coal, the broken pieces of coal is according to the load changes to control needs. Through the broken into the chamber, the coal dust was in the second wind need enough air to ensure coal burning.In function, impeller machine is used to high temperature and high pressure steam energy into kinetic energy through the rotation, spin and convert electricity generator. Steam through and through a series of impeller machine parts, each of which consists of a set of stable blade, called the pipe mouth parts, even in the rotor blades of mobile Li called. In the mouth parts (channel by tube nozzle, the steam is accelerating formation) to high speed, and the fight in Li kinetic energy is transformed into the shaft. In fact, most of the steam generator is used for air is, there is spread into depression, steam turbine of low-pressure steam from the coagulation turbine, steam into the condenses into water, and finally the condensate water is to implement and circulation.In order to continuous cycle, these must be uninterrupted supply: (1) fuel; (2) the air (oxygen) to the fuel gas burning in the configuration is a must; (3) and condenser, condensed from the condensed water supply, sea and river to lake. Common coolingtower; (4) since water vapour in some places in circulation, will damage process of plenty Clean the supply.The steam power plant auxiliary system is running. For a thermal power plant, the main auxiliary system including water system, burning gas and exhaust systems, condensation system and fuel system. The main auxiliary system running in the water pump, condensation and booster pump, coal-fired power plants in the mill equipment. Other power plant auxiliary equipment including air compressors, water and cooling water system, lighting and heating systems, coal processing system. Auxiliary equipment operation is driven by motor, use some big output by mechanical drive pump and some of the impeller blades, machine drive out from the main use of water vaporimpeller machine. In coal-fired power plant auxiliary equipment, water supply pump and induced draft fan is the biggest need horsepower.Most of the auxiliary power generating unit volume increased significantly in recent years, the reason is required to reduce environment pollution equipment. Air quality control equipment, such as electrostatic precipitator, dust collection of flue gas desulfurization, often used in dust in the new coal-fired power plants, and in many already built in power plant, the natural drive or mechanical drive, fountain, cooling tower in a lake or cooling canal has been applied in coal-fired power plants and plants, where the heat release need to assist cooling system.In coal-fired power stations, some device is used to increase the thermal energy, they are (1) economizer and air preheater, they can reduce the heat loss; (2) water heater, he can increase the temperature of water into boiling water heaters; (3) they can increase and filter the thermal impeller.Coal-fired power plants usually requires a lot of coal and coal reservoirs, however the fuel system in power plant fuel handling equipment is very simple, and almost no fuel oil plants.The gas turbine power plants use gas turbine, where work is burning gas fluid. Although the gas turbine must burn more expensive oil or gas, but their low cost and time is short, and can quickly start, they are very applicable load power plant. The gas turbine burn gas can achieve 538 degrees Celsius in the condensing turbine, however, the temperature is lower, if gas turbine and condenser machine, can produce high thermal efficiency. In gas turbine turbine a combined cycle power plant. The gas through a gas turbine, steam generator heat recovery in there were used to generate vapor heat consumption. Water vapor and then through a heated turbine. Usually a steam turbine, and one to four gas turbine power plant, it must be rated output power.。
电力系统英文原版书籍推荐
unication&control in power system 电力系统通讯与控制2.electric power systems: analysis and control 电力系统: 分析与控制3.Electrical Energy System 电能系统4.embedded generation 嵌入式发电5.fundamentals of power system economics 电力系统经济学基础6.Handbook of Electric Power Calculations 电力系统计算手册7.market operations in electric power systems 电力系统市场运行8.POWER QUALITY 电能质量9.Risk assessment of power systems 电力系统风险评估10.Switching Power Supply Design 开关供电设计11.understanding electric power systems 电力系统学习12.understanding Power Quality problems 电能质量问题学习13.electric energy economic methods 电能经济方法14.FACTS Modelling and Simulation in Power Networks 灵活交流输电: 在电网中的仿真与模拟15.HVDC.and.FACTS.Controllers.Applications.of.Static.Converters.in.Power.Systems 高压直流和灵活交流控制器在电力系统中应用16.LOAD-FLOW ANALYSIS IN POWER SYSTEMS 电力系统潮流分析17.Operation of Market-oriented Power Systems 市场化电力系统运营18.Power Generation Operation and Control 发电运行和控制19.Power system economics 电力系统经济学20.power system harmonics 电力系统谐波21.Power System Operations and Electricity Markets 电力系统运行和电力市场22.Power System Restructuring and Deregulation 电力系统改制和放松管制(即电力市场)23.voltage stability of electric power systems 电力系统电压稳定24.Transients in Power Systems 电力系统(电磁)暂态25.transient stability of power systems电力系统暂态稳定26.Wind Energy Handbook 风电手册27.distrbuted generation-the power paradigmfor the new millennium分布式发电28.electric power distribution handbook 配电手册29.electric power engineering handbook 电力工程手册30.spatial load forecasting(空间)电力负荷预测31.power transer-principles and applications 电力变压器-原理和应用32.electric power transer engineering 电力系统变压器工程33.wind and solar power system 风电和太阳能发电34.Electric Power Distribution Reliability 配电网可靠性35.Aging power delivery infrastrutures 送电结构36.Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems 可再生与高效电力系统37.probabilityconcepts in electric power systems 电力系统概率应用38.Short Circuits in Power Systems 电力系统短路39.VOLTAGE STABILITY ASSESSMENT,PROCEDURES AND GUIDES 电压稳定性评估,措施和导则40.electric systems, dynamics and stability with AI application 电力系统动态和稳定性: 人工智能应用41.electric power system application of optimiztion 电力系统优化应用42.protective relaying theory and application 继电保护理论与应用43.vehicular electric power systems 车辆电力系统44.electric power quality control techniques 电能质量控制技术45.reliability assessment of electric power systems using monte carlo methods 利用蒙特卡罗方法进行电力系统可靠性评估petitive Electricity Markets 竞争性电力市场47.power quality enhancement using customer power devices 用户电力设备与电能质量提高48.power system harmonics: computer modelling and analysis 电力系统谐波:计算机仿真与分析49.Analysis of Faulted Power Systems 故障电力系统分析50.Dynamic and control of large power system 大电力系统动态与控制51.Distributed power generation: planning and evaluation分布式发电(规划与评估)52.AC-DC power system analysis 交直流电力系统分析53.FACTS (flexible AC transmission system) 灵活交流输电系统54.Power system in emergencies 紧急状态下的电力系统55.Power system restoration 电力系统恢复56.Electric power system quality 电能质量57.Energy Management Systems (EMS) 能量管理系统58.Automatic learning techniques in power systems 自学习技术在电力系统中的应用59.Power system protection 1-4 电力系统保护1-4册(electricity association 培训教程)60 electrical power system protection 电力系统保护61.elements of power system analysis 电力系统分析基础62.AC power system handbook 交流电力系统手册63. Wind turbine operation in electric power systems: advanced modelling 风力发电(机)在电力系统运行64. Power system control and stability 电力系统控制与稳定性( 不是那本stability and control)65. Analysis of subsynchronous resonance in power system 电力系统次同步谐振分析putationalmethods for large sparse power systems: a object orientedapproach 大稀疏电力系统计算方法: 面向对象的途径67. Power system oscillation 电力系统振荡68. Power system restructuring: engineering and economics 电力系统市场化: 工程和经济69. Distribution system modelling and analysis 配电系统建模与分析70. Electric power engineering 电力工程71. Subsynchronous resonance in power systems 电力系统中的次同步谐振72. Computer modelling of electrical power system 电力系统计算机建模73. High Voltage Direct Current Transmission 高压直流输电74. Electricitydistribution network design (2nd)配电网规划设计75. Industrial power distribution 工业配电76. Protection ofelectricity distribution networks 配电网保护77. Energy function analysis for power system stability 电力系统稳定性的能量函数分析78. Power system commission and maintenance practice电力系统试验(调试)与检修(维护)实践79. Statistical techniques for high-voltage engineering 高电压工程中的统计技术80. Digital protection for power system电力系统数字保护81. Power system protection 电力系统(继电)保护82. Voltage quality in electrical power systems 电力系统电压质量83.Electric power applications of fuzzy systems 模糊系统的电力应用84. Artificial intelligence techniques in power system 电力系统中的人工智能技术85. Insulators in high voltages 高压绝缘体86. Electrical safety供电安全87. High voltageengineering and testing 高电压工程与试验88. Reactive power control in electric systems 电力系统无功(功率)控制93. Electric power system电力系统教程94. Computer-Aided Power systems analysis 计算机辅助电力系统分析99. Reliability evaluation of power system 电力系统可靠性评估106. Power system stability handbook 电力系统稳定性手册109. Reliability assessment of large electric power systems 大电力系统可靠性评估112. HVDC power transmission systems 高压直流输电系统128. Electric Machinery and power system fundamentals 电机与电力系统基础(MATLAB 辅助)129. Intelligent system applications in power engineering (EP and ANN) 智能系统在电力工程中应用(进化计算和神经网)130. Thyristor-based FACTS controllers for electrical transmission systems 基于晶闸管的灵活交流输电系统控制器131. The economics of power system reliability and planning 电力系统可靠性与规划的经济学132. Computational Intelligence Applications to Power systems 计算智能在电力系统中的应用133. Environmental Impact of Power Generation 发电的环境影响134. Operation and Maintenance of Large Turbo-Generators 大型涡轮发电机组运行与检修135. Power system simulation 电力系统仿真136. Advanced load dispatch for power systems 电力系统高级调度137. The development of electric power transmission 电力传输进展138. Renewable Energy Sources 可再生发电源139. Power system dynamics andstablity 电力系统动态与稳定性140. Practical electrical network automation and communication systems 电力系统自动化与通信系统实践141. Electrical power and controls 电力与控制142. Deregulation of Electric Utilities 电力企业放松管制(市场改革)143. Computational Auction Mechanisms for restructured power industry operation 电力市场运行的(计算)投标机理144. Finanicial and economic evaluation of projects in the electricity supply industry 电力工程项目的金融与经济评价145. Electricity economics and planning 电力经济与规划146. Computational Methods for electric power systems 电力系统计算方法147. Power system relaying 电力系统继电保护148. Computer relaying for power systems 电力系统计算机保护149. Modern power system planning 现代电力系统规划150. High Voltage Engineering (2nd) 高电压工程151. Operation of restructured power systems 市场化电力系统运行152. Transer and Inductor Design Handbook变压器和电感设计手册(04增强版)153. Modern power system analysis (matlab supported) 现代电力系统分析(03年含MATLAB版)154. Power distribution planning reference book 配电规划参考手册155. Understanding FACTS 理解灵活交流输电系统156. Power system analysis :short-circuit load flow and harmonics 电力系统分析: 短路潮流和谐波157. Power systems electromagnetic transients simulation 电力系统电磁暂态仿真158. Power electronic control in electrical systems 电力系统中的电力电子控制159. Protection devices and systems for high-voltage applications保护装置和系统的高压应用160. Small signal analysis of power systems 电力系统小信号分析161. Electrical power cable engineering 电力线缆工程162. Power System State Estimation: Theory and Implementation 电力系统状态估计: 理论和实现163. Dielectrics in Electric Fields 电场中的电介质(绝缘体)164. spacecraft power system 航天器电力系统165. Grid integration of wind energy conversion systems 风能转换系统的电网整合(接入) 166. Power loss: the origins of deregulation and restructuring in the American electricutility system网损:美国电力系统放松管制和市场化的根源167. High Voltage Circuit Breakers: Design and Applications 高压断路器:设计与应用168. Power system capacitors 电力系统电容器169. Energy Management Systems & Direct Digitial Control 能量管理系统(EMS)及直接数字控制170. Pricing in Competitive Electricity Market 电力市场电价171. Designing Competitive Electricity Markets 电力市场设计172. Power system dynamics and stability 电力系统动态与稳定性(美国)173. Theory and problems of electric power systems 电力系统的理论和问题174. Insulation coordinationfor power systems 电力系统绝缘配合175. Modal analysis of large interconnected power systems 大互联电力系统的模式分析176. Making competition work in electricity 电力市场竞争177. Power system operation 电力系统运行178. Transmission line reliability and security 输电线路安全可靠性179. Computer analysis of power systems 电力系统计算机分析89. Electical distribution engineering配电网工程90. Power systemplanning电力系统规划91. Uniquepower system problems 电力系统问题92. Tranmission and Distribution ofElectrical Energy 电力系统输配电95. Electric powertransmission system 输电系统96. Reliability Modelling in Electric power systems电力系统可靠性建模97. High voltage engineering in power system 电力系统高电压工程98. Extra High voltage AC transmission engineering 超高压交流输电工程100. Computation of power system transients 电力系统暂态计算101.Piecewise methods and application to power systems 分段法及其在电力系统中应用103. Analysis and protection of electrical power systems 电力系统分析与保护104. Power systems engineering and mathematicas电力系统工程与数学105. Stability of large power systems 大电力系统稳定性107. Power system reliability evaluation电力系统可靠性评估108.Electric power system dynamics 电力系统动态110. Power system analysis and planning 电力系统分析与规划111. Electric transmission line fundamental 输电线(工程)基础113. Transient Processes in electrical power systems 电力系统暂态过程114.Discrete Fourier transation and its applications to power system 离散傅立叶变换及其在电力系统中的应用115. Electrical Transients inpower system 电力系统暂态116. Optimal economic operation of electric power system 电力系统优化经济调度运行117.High power switching 大功率开关118. power plant engineering 电厂工程119. power plant system design 电厂系统设计120. power plant evaluation and design reference guide 电厂评估和设计参考导则121. planning engineering, and construction of electric power generationfacilities发电设备的规划和建设工程122. Elements electrical power station design 电站设计基础123.Optimal control applications in electric power systems 电力系统最优控制应用124. applied protected relaying应用继电保护125. power station and substation maintenance 电厂与变电站维修126. Power system operation 电力系统运行127. power system reliability,safety and management 电力系统可靠性,安全与管理。
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Electric Power Systems 电力系统
Section 1 Introduction 第一节介绍
现代社会的电力供应依赖于更多地比以往任何时候。
它无法想象的世界应该是什么，如果电力供应中断了世界各地。
电力系统（或电力能源系统），提供电力到现代社会，已成为不可缺少的组成部分产业界的。
第一个完整的电力系统（包括发电机，电缆，熔断器，计量，并加载）的托马斯爱迪生所建-站纽约市珍珠街的历史始于1882年9月运作。
. 这是一个半径直流系统组成的一个蒸汽发动机驱动的直流发电机面积约1.5公里至59供电范围内的客户。
负载，其中包括完全的白炽灯，为V提供110通过地下电缆系统。
在一个类似的系统在大多数大城市在世界各地运行数年。
随着马达的弗兰克斯普拉格发展在1884年，电机负载被添加到这些系统。
这是什么开始发展成为世界上最大的产业之一。
在最初的直流系统广泛使用尽管如此，他们几乎完全被空调系统所取代。
到1886年，直流系统的局限性也日益明显。
他们可以提供功率只有很短的距离从发电机。
为了保持发射功率损失（我2 R）和电压下降到可接受的水平，电压等级，必须长途输电高。
如此高的电压不发电和电力消耗可以接受的，因此，电压转换成为一个方便的手段的必要性。
在发展的变压器，法国和交流输电由L.巴黎戈拉尔和JD吉布斯导致交流电力系统。
. 1889年，第一次在北美交流传输线将在俄勒冈州波特兰之间威拉梅特大瀑布和实施。
.这是一个单相线路传输功率为4,000公里，超过21 V系统的距离。
随着交流的发展多相系统由尼古拉特斯拉，成为更具吸引力的。
通过1888年，特斯拉举行交流多项专利电动机，发电机，变压器和输电系统。
西屋公司购买了这些早期的发明专利，并形成了系统的基础，现在的交流。
: 在19世纪90年代，有很大的争议或交流电力行业是否应该统一于直流。
到了世纪之交的，在交流系统赢得了原因出在下面的直流系统为：
（1）电压水平可以很容易地改变了空调系统，从而提供了传输的灵活性，发电用不同的电压和消费。
（2）交流发电机简单得多比直流发电机。
（三）交流电机和电机便宜简单得多，比直流。
前三个阶段的美国北线投产于1893年- 1 2300五，南加州12公里路线研究。
在电力传输初期交流，频率不规范。
有许多不同频率的使用：25，50，60，125，和133赫兹。
这对互连的问题。
最后60赫兹标准获得通过，成为美国在北美，虽然是50赫兹在许多其他国家使用。
. 较长的距离越来越需要大量的电力传输多激励他们逐步使用高压的水平。
为了避免电压增殖数量无限，业界标准电压水平。
在美国，标准是115，138，161，和230千伏的高电压（高压）类，345，500和765千伏级的特高电压（超高压）。
在中国，各级使用电压为10，35，110级高压，220，中国330（仅在西北）和500千伏超高压类。
线将建在不久的将来在中国西北地区。
. 随着交流的发展/直流转换设备，高压直流高压直流（HVDC）传输系统已经成为更具吸引力的经济和情况特殊。
在高压直流输电可用于输电块以上的大长途电话，并提供不同系统间的异步连接在AC联网系统将是不切实际的，因为稳定考虑，或因标称频率的系统。
基本要求到电源系统是提供一个不间断的能源供应，以客户可接受的电压和频率。
由于电力无法大量储存在一个简单的方法和经济，电力的生产和消费必须同时进行。
系统的故障或误操作的权力在任何阶段可能导致电力供应中断给客户。
因此，一个正常的电力系统连续运行的，提供可靠的电力供应给客户的重要性是至关重要的。
翻译
Power system stability may be broadly defined as the property of a power system that enables it to remain in a state of operating equilibrium under normal operating conditions and to regain an acceptable state of equilibrium after being subjected to a disturbance. 电力系统稳定，可广泛定义为干扰财产的权力系统，可继续经营的状态下正常运行的平衡条件和后向遭受恢复一个可以接受的平衡状态。
Instability in a power system may be manifested in many different ways depending on the system configuration and operating mode. 在电力系统的不稳定可能会表现在经营方式和多种不同的方式取决于系统配置。
Traditionally, the stability problem has been one of maintaining synchronous operation. Since power systems rely on synchronous machines for generation of electrical power, a necessary condition for satisfactory system operation is that
all synchronous machines remain in synchronism or, colloquially "in step". This aspect of stability is influenced by the dynamics of generator rotor angles and power-angle relationships, and then referred to " rotor angle stability ". 传统上，稳定性问题一直是一个保持同步运行。
由于电力系统的发电电力，一个令人满意的系统运行的必要条件是，依靠同步电机同步电机都留在同步或通俗的“步骤”。
这一方面是受稳定的发电机转子的动态角度和功角的关系，然后提到“转子角稳定”。