湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团湘郡金海中学2019-2020学年八年级下学期第一次月考数学试题(word无答案)
2019-2020学年长沙市金海中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案
2019-2020学年长沙市金海中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AShopping centers，stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime.ACaliforniacompany called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime. Knightscope says the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots guard.William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope. He says，"These robot security guards will change the world. Our planet has more than seven billion people on it. It's going to quickly get to nine billion people. The security equipmentthat we have globally is just not going to develop that fast. The company's Autonomous Data Machines can become the eyes and ears of law enforcement（执法）.""You want them to be machines plus humans. Let. the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic decision-making work，so it's always working all together."The machines do not carry weapons but they have day and night video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.Some people may become concerned about their privacy, especially in connection with the video recordings. Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet. Eugene Volokh, a law professor at the UCLA School of Law, says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video.William Santana Li says there is a long waiting list for the robots in theUS. Workers in the company are working overtime to meet the demands of the market. At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robot security guards.1. What can this new tool do for humans?A. Make strategic decisions.B. Keep watching day and night.C. Carry heavy weapons.D. Stop crime autonomously.2. Why are some people worried about the new robots?A. Their privacy may be let out.B. The robots are very expensive.C. Robots will replace humans.D. They will be out of work soon.3. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Robots Are Becoming More PopularB. Robots Contribute aLotto the WorldC. Robots Are in Great Demand NowD. Security Robots Could Help Cut CrimeBDisease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.In his lab atIowaStateUniversity, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are truly non-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.4. What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?A. The way mosquitoes spread disease.B. The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.C. The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.D. The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.5. What is a disadvantage of DEET?A. It won’t be effective for long.B. It can’t be applied universally.C. It causes discomfort to the users.D. It greatly harms people’s health.6. What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?A. They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B. They are mainly used in the open air.C. They are more effective on human skin.D. They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.7. What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?A. Subjective.B. Objective.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.CLast year, 138,000San Franciscoresidents used Airbnb, a popular app designed to connect home renters and travelers. It’s a striking number for a city with a population of about 850,000, and it was enough for Airbnb to win a major victory in local elections, asSan Franciscovoters struck down a debatable rule that would have placed time restrictions and other regulations on short-term rental services.The company fiercely opposed the measure, Proposition F, with a nearly $10 million advertising campaign. It also contacted its San Franciscan users with messages urging them to vote against Proposition F.Most people think of Airbnb as a kind of couch-surfing app. The service works for one-night stays on road trips and longer stays in cities, and it often has more competitive pricing than hotels. It’s a textbook example of the “sharing economy”, but not everyone is a fan.The app has had unintended consequences inSan Francisco. As the San Francisco Chronicle reported last year, a significant amount of renting on Airbnb is not in line with the company’s image: middle-class families putting up a spare room to help make ends meet. Some users have taken advantage of the service, using it to turn their multiple properties into vacation rentals or even full-time rentals. Backers of Proposition F argued that this trend takes spaces off the conventional, better-regulated housing market and contributes to rising costs.“The fact is, widespread abuse of short-term rentals is taking much needed housing off the market and harming our neighborhoods,” said ShareBetter SF, a group that supported Proposition F. Hotel unions have protested the company’s practices inSan Franciscoand other cities, saying that it creates an illegal hotel system.San Franciscois in the middle of a long-term, deeply rooted housing crisis that has seen the cost of living explode. Actually, explode is a generous term. The average monthly rent for an apartment is around $4, 000. Located on a narrow outcropping of land overlooking the bay,San Franciscosimply doesn’t have enough space to accommodate the massive inflow of young, high-salaried tech employees flocking toSilicon Valley.As the Los Angeles Times reported, someSan Franciscoresidents supported the measure simply because it seemed like a way to check a big corporation. Opponents of Proposition F countered that the housing crisis runs much deeper, and that passing the rule would have discouraged a popular service while doing little to solve the city’s existing problems.8. The intention of Proposition F is to ________.A. place time limits in local election.B. set limits on short-term rental.C. strike down a controversial rule.D. urge users to vote against Airbnb.9. What is the negative consequence of Airbnb onSan Francisco?A. It shrinks the living space of middle-class families.B. Users are taken advantage of by the service financially.C. It makes the house market more competitive.D. It indirectly leads to high house rental price.10. The housing crisis inSan Franciscoresults from ________.A. explosion of the living costB. its geographic characteristicsC. generosity of local enterprisesD. inflow of migrant population11. Theauthor’s attitude toward Proposition F is ________.A. objectiveB. supportiveC. negativeD. indifferentDThe beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning, but is running on the sand good for your body? It can be, but it’s important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.Running on the beach can be a good thing. It’s certainly different from running on a track or a pavement. Forstarters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven (不平坦的) surface. As you push off, you’re going to lose some of your push as the sand moves. So, you’re not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or a pavement. But this unevenness has anupside: It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces. For example, your feet, ankles and lower back might feel sorer and more tired than usual after a beach run just because the surface is constantly moving and changing step to step.You also might feel sore afterward because beaches tend to slope (倾斜) down to the water. If you’re going for a long run on the beach, you might notice that one side of your body might feel sorer because you’re putting more pressure on it due to the slope.Some beach runners prefer to run barefoot — not wearing anything on feet. However, if you’re not used to barefoot running, start slowly and don’t run long distances at first. That’s because running barefoot uses more different muscles than running with shoes does, and it’s important to strengthen these muscles and adapt your feet. If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it, go for it!Running on the sand can be a smart choice for you, because running on softer ground surfaces can reduce muscle damage.12. Why is it difficult to run on the beach for starters?A. The soft surface makes people fall over easily.B. People need to run carefully on its smooth surface.C. Running on its uneven surface takes much effort.D. It’s hard to keep one’s balance on its hard surface.13. Which of the following best explains “upside” underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Advantage.B. Reason.C. Character.D. Challenge.14. What’s the author’s attitude to barefoot running?A. Critical.B. Supportive.C. Doubtful.D. Uncaring.15. The passage can probably be found in ______.A. A primary school textbookB. A tourist guideC. A sports magazineD. A scientific report第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
湖南省长沙市长郡梅溪湖中学2019-2020学年八年级上学期第一次限时训练数学试题 (解析版)
2019-2020学年八年级上学期第一次限时训练数学试题一、单选题（3分*12-36分）1．下列图形中，不是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．2．点M（1，2）关于y轴对称点的坐标为（）A．（﹣1，2）B．（﹣1，﹣2）C．（1，﹣2）D．（2，﹣1）3．计算x3•x2的结果是（）A．x B．x5C．x6D．x94．（2x3）3的值是（）A．6x6B．8x27C．8x9D．6x5．如图△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠EBD＝20°，AD＝DE＝EB，则∠C的度数为（）A．70°B．60°C．80°D．65°6．如图，△ABC中，∠ABC＝30°，∠ACB＝50°，折叠△ACB使点C与AB边上的点D重合，折痕为AE，连DE，则∠AED为（）A．70°B．75°C．80°D．85°7．下列说法错误的是（）A．关于某条直线对称的两个三角形一定全等B．轴对称图形至少有一条对称轴C．全等三角形一定能关于某条直线对称D．角是轴对称的图形8．在△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠A＝60°，BC＝6，则AB的值是（）A．12 B．8 C．6 D．39．若实数a、b满足等式|a﹣3|+＝0，且a、b恰好是等腰三角形△ABC的边长，则这个等腰三角形的周长是（）A．15 B．9 C．12 D．12或1510．如图，等腰三角形ABC的底边BC长为4，面积是16，腰AC的垂直平分线EF分别交AC，AB边于E，F点．若点D为BC边的中点，点M为线段EF上一动点，则△CDM周长的最小值为（）A．6 B．8 C．10 D．1211．如图，是小亮在镜中看到身后墙上的时钟，此时时钟的实际时刻是（）A．3：55 B．8：05 C．3：05 D．8：5512．如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，∠B＝30°，以A为圆心，任意长为半径画弧分别交AB、AC于点M和N，再分别以M、N为圆心，大于MN的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点P，连结AP并延长交BC于点D，则下列说法中正确的个数是（）①AD是∠BAC的平分线；②∠ADC＝60°；③点D在AB的中垂线上；④S△DAC：S△ABC＝1：3．A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4二、填空题（3分*6=18分）13．如图，△ABC与△A′B′C′关于直线对称，则∠B的度数为．14．如图，将一个宽度相等的纸条按如图所示沿AB折叠，已知∠1＝60°，则∠2＝．15．正方形是轴对称图形，它共有条对称轴．16．已知：2m＝3，8n＝6，22m+3n+1＝．17．如图所示，三角形ABC的面积为1cm2．AP垂直∠B的平分线BP于点P．则三角形PBC 的面积是．18．等腰三角形一腰上的高与另一腰的夹角为48°，则该等腰三角形的底角的度数为．三、解答题（共66分）19．计算（1）y4•y3•y2•y；（2）（﹣x2y3）4；（3）82019×（﹣0.125）2019；（4）（a3）2•（2ab2）3．20．计算：（1）3（x3）2x3﹣（3x3）3+（5x）2•x7；（2）（﹣2ab）（3a2•2ab﹣b2）21．先化简，再求值：x2（x+1）﹣x（x2﹣1）+1，其中x＝﹣1．22．在平面意角坐标系中，△ABC的三个顶点的位置如图所示（1）请画出△ABC关于y轴对称的△ABC；（其中A′，B′，C分别是A，B，C的对应点，不写画法．（2）直接写出A′点的坐标：；（3）求△A′B′C的面积．23．如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AB的垂直平分线DE交AC于D，垂足为E，若∠A＝30°，CD＝2．（1）求∠BDC的度数；（2）求AC的长度．24．如图，E，F分别是等边△ABC边AB，AC上的点，且AE＝CF，CE，BF交于点P．（1）证明：CE＝BF；（2）求∠BPC的度数．25．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，等边三角形ABC的BC边在x轴上，顶点A在y轴的正半轴上，OB＝a，OA＝a，△ABC的面积为36．（1）求点A的坐标；（2）动点P从点B出发，以每秒1个单位的速度沿B→A→C的方向运动．设运动时间为t，求t为何值时，过O、P两点的直线将△ABC的周长分成两个部分，使其中一部分是另一部分的2倍；（3）设点D为AB的中点，连接CD，在x轴上是否存在点Q，使△DCQ是以CD为腰的等腰三角形？如果存在，请求出点Q的坐标；如果不存在，请说明理由．26．已知△ABC，AB＝AC，D为直线BC上一点，E为直线AC上一点，AD＝AE，设∠BAD＝α，∠CDE＝β．（1）如图，若点D在线段BC上，点E在线段AC上．①如果∠ABC＝60°，∠ADE＝70°，那么α＝°，β＝°．②求α，β之间的关系式．（2）是否存在不同于以上②中的α，β之间的关系式？若存在，求出这个关系式（求出一个即可）；若不存在，说明理由．参考答案与试题解析一．选择题（共12小题）1．下列图形中，不是轴对称图形的是（）A．B．C．D．【分析】根据轴对称图形的概念：如果一个图形沿一条直线折叠，直线两旁的部分能够互相重合，这个图形叫做轴对称图形，这条直线叫做对称轴进行分析即可．【解答】解：A、不是轴对称图形，故此选项符合题意；B、是轴对称图形，故此选项不合题意；C、是轴对称图形，故此选项不合题意；D、是轴对称图形，故此选项不合题意；故选：A．2．点M（1，2）关于y轴对称点的坐标为（）A．（﹣1，2）B．（﹣1，﹣2）C．（1，﹣2）D．（2，﹣1）【分析】根据关于y轴对称的点，纵坐标相同，横坐标互为相反数解答．【解答】解：点M（1，2）关于y轴对称点的坐标为（﹣1，2）．故选：A．3．计算x3•x2的结果是（）A．x B．x5C．x6D．x9【分析】根据同底数的幂相乘的法则即可求解．【解答】解：x3•x2＝x5．故选：B．4．（2x3）3的值是（）A．6x6B．8x27C．8x9D．6x【分析】直接利用积的乘方运算法则计算得出答案．【解答】解：（2x3）3＝8x9．故选：C．5．如图△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠EBD＝20°，AD＝DE＝EB，则∠C的度数为（）A．70°B．60°C．80°D．65°【分析】首先根据等腰三角形的性质求出∠EBD＝∠EDB＝20°，∠A＝∠AED，然后根据三角形的内角和定理可求解．【解答】解：∵∠EBD＝20°，AD＝DE＝EB．∴∠EBD＝∠EDB＝20°，∠A＝∠AED．∵∠AED＝∠EBD+∠EDB＝40°，∴∠A＝40°．∵AB＝AC，∴∠ABC＝∠C＝＝70°．故选A．6．如图，△ABC中，∠ABC＝30°，∠ACB＝50°，折叠△ACB使点C与AB边上的点D重合，折痕为AE，连DE，则∠AED为（）A．70°B．75°C．80°D．85°【分析】根据三角形内角和定理求出∠BAC，根据翻转变换的性质求出∠CAE，根据三角形内角和定理计算即可．【解答】解：∵∠ABC＝30°，∠ACB＝50°，∴∠BAC＝100°，由折叠的性质可知，∠CAE＝∠DAE＝50°，∴∠AEC＝180°﹣∠CAE﹣∠C＝80°，∴∠AED＝∠AEC＝80°，故选：C．7．下列说法错误的是（）A．关于某条直线对称的两个三角形一定全等B．轴对称图形至少有一条对称轴C．全等三角形一定能关于某条直线对称D．角是轴对称的图形【分析】根据轴对称的定义和性质逐一分析四个选项的正误，由此即可得出结论．【解答】解：A、关于某条直线对称的两个三角形一定全等，正确；B、轴对称图形至少有一条对称轴，正确；C、两全等三角形不一定关于某条直线对称，错误；D、角是轴对称的图形，正确．故选：C．8．在△ABC中，AB＝AC，∠A＝60°，BC＝6，则AB的值是（）A．12 B．8 C．6 D．3【分析】证明△ABC是等边三角形即可解决问题．【解答】解：∵AB＝AC，∠A＝60°，∴△ABC是等边三角形，∴AB＝BC＝6，故选：C．9．若实数a、b满足等式|a﹣3|+＝0，且a、b恰好是等腰三角形△ABC的边长，则这个等腰三角形的周长是（）A．15 B．9 C．12 D．12或15【分析】先根据非负数的性质列式求出a、b的值，再分3是腰长与底边两种情况讨论求解．【解答】解：根据题意得，a﹣3＝0，b﹣6＝0，解得a＝3，b＝6，①3是腰长时，三角形的三边分别为3、3、6，∵3+3＝6，∴不能组成三角形，②3是底边时，三角形的三边分别为3、6、6，能组成三角形，周长＝3+6+6＝15，所以，三角形的周长为15．故选：A．10．如图，等腰三角形ABC的底边BC长为4，面积是16，腰AC的垂直平分线EF分别交AC，AB边于E，F点．若点D为BC边的中点，点M为线段EF上一动点，则△CDM周长的最小值为（）A．6 B．8 C．10 D．12【分析】连接AD，由于△ABC是等腰三角形，点D是BC边的中点，故AD⊥BC，再根据三角形的面积公式求出AD的长，再再根据EF是线段AC的垂直平分线可知，点C关于直线EF的对称点为点A，故AD的长为CM+MD的最小值，由此即可得出结论．【解答】解：连接AD，∵△ABC是等腰三角形，点D是BC边的中点，∴AD⊥BC，∴S△ABC＝BC•AD＝×4×AD＝16，解得AD＝8，∵EF是线段AC的垂直平分线，∴点C关于直线EF的对称点为点A，∴AD的长为CM+MD的最小值，∴△CDM的周长最短＝（CM+MD）+CD＝AD+BC＝8+×4＝8+2＝10．故选：C．11．如图，是小亮在镜中看到身后墙上的时钟，此时时钟的实际时刻是（）A．3：55 B．8：05 C．3：05 D．8：55【分析】根据镜面对称的性质，在平面镜中的钟面上的时针、分针的位置和实物应关于过12时、6时的直线成轴对称．【解答】解：根据平面镜成像原理可知，镜中的像与原图象之间实际上只是进行了左右对换，由轴对称知识可知，只要将其进行左可翻折，即可得到原图象，实际时间为8点的时针关于过12时、6时的直线的对称点是4点，分针指向11实际对应点为1，故此时的实际时刻是：8点5分．故选：B．12．如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，∠B＝30°，以A为圆心，任意长为半径画弧分别交AB、AC于点M和N，再分别以M、N为圆心，大于MN的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点P，连结AP并延长交BC于点D，则下列说法中正确的个数是（）①AD是∠BAC的平分线；②∠ADC＝60°；③点D在AB的中垂线上；④S△DAC：S△ABC＝1：3．A．1 B．2 C．3 D．4【分析】①根据作图的过程可以判定AD是∠BAC的角平分线；②利用角平分线的定义可以推知∠CAD＝30°，则由直角三角形的性质来求∠ADC的度数；③利用等角对等边可以证得△ADB的等腰三角形，由等腰三角形的“三线合一”的性质可以证明点D在AB的中垂线上；④利用30度角所对的直角边是斜边的一半、三角形的面积计算公式来求两个三角形的面积之比．【解答】解：①根据作图的过程可知，AD是∠BAC的平分线．故①正确；②如图，∵在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，∠B＝30°，∴∠CAB＝60°．又∵AD是∠BAC的平分线，∴∠1＝∠2＝∠CAB＝30°，∴∠3＝90°﹣∠2＝60°，即∠ADC＝60°．故②正确；③∵∠1＝∠B＝30°，∴AD＝BD，∴点D在AB的中垂线上．故③正确；④∵如图，在直角△ACD中，∠2＝30°，∴CD＝AD，∴BC＝CD+BD＝AD+AD＝AD，S△DAC＝AC•CD＝AC•AD．∴S△ABC＝AC•BC＝AC•AD＝AC•AD，∴S△DAC：S△ABC＝AC•AD：AC•AD＝1：3．故④正确．综上所述，正确的结论是：①②③④，共有4个．故选：D．二．填空题（共6小题）13．如图，△ABC与△A′B′C′关于直线对称，则∠B的度数为105°．【分析】根据轴对称的性质先求出∠C等于∠C′，再利用三角形内角和定理即可求出∠B．【解答】解：∵△ABC与△A′B′C′关于直线l对称，∴∠C＝∠C′＝40°，∴∠B＝180°﹣∠A﹣∠C＝180°﹣40°﹣35°＝105°．故答案为：105°14．如图，将一个宽度相等的纸条按如图所示沿AB折叠，已知∠1＝60°，则∠2＝120°．【分析】先根据图形折叠的性质求出∠3的度数，再根据平行线的性质即可得出结论．【解答】解：如图，∵将一个宽度相等的纸条按如图所示沿AB折叠，∴∠3＝∠1＝60°，∴∠2＝∠3+∠1＝120°．故答案为：120°．15．正方形是轴对称图形，它共有 4 条对称轴．【分析】根据对称轴的定义，直接作出图形的对称轴即可．【解答】解：∵如图所示，正方形是轴对称图形，它共有4条对称轴．故答案为：4．16．已知：2m＝3，8n＝6，22m+3n+1＝108 ．【分析】直接利用幂的乘方运算法则将原式变形进而得出答案．【解答】解：∵2m＝3，8n＝6，∴（2m）2＝22m＝9，23n＝6，∴22m+3n+1＝22m×23n×2＝9×6×2＝108．故答案为：108．17．如图所示，三角形ABC的面积为1cm2．AP垂直∠B的平分线BP于点P．则三角形PBC 的面积是cm2．【分析】延长AP交BC于点E，由角平分线的定义可知∠ABP＝∠EBP，结合BP＝BP以及∠APB＝∠EPB＝90°即可证出△ABP≌△EBP（ASA），进而可得出AP＝EP，根据三角形的面积即可得出S△APC＝S EPC，再根据S△PBC＝S△BPE+S EPC＝S△ABC即可得出结论．【解答】解：延长AP交BC于点E，如图所示．∵AP垂直∠B的平分线BP于点P，∴∠ABP＝∠EBP．在△ABP和△EBP中，，∴△ABP≌△EBP（ASA），∴AP＝EP．∵△APC和△EPC等底同高，∴S△APC＝S EPC，∴S△PBC＝S△BPE+S EPC＝S△ABC＝cm2．故答案为：cm2．18．等腰三角形一腰上的高与另一腰的夹角为48°，则该等腰三角形的底角的度数为69°或21°．【分析】分两种情况讨论：①若∠A＜90°；②若∠A＞90°；先求出顶角∠BAC，再利用三角形内角和定理即可求出底角的度数．【解答】解：分两种情况讨论：①若∠A＜90°，如图1所示：∵BD⊥AC，∴∠A+∠ABD＝90°，∵∠ABD＝48°，∴∠A＝90°﹣48°＝42°，∵AB＝AC，∴∠ABC＝∠C＝（180°﹣42°）＝69°；②若∠A＞90°，如图2所示：同①可得：∠DAB＝90°﹣48°＝42°，∴∠BAC＝180°﹣42°＝138°，∵AB＝AC，∴∠ABC＝∠C＝（180°﹣138°）＝21°；综上所述：等腰三角形底角的度数为69°或21°．故答案为：69°或21°．三．解答题（共8小题）19．计算（1）y4•y3•y2•y；（2）（﹣x2y3）4；（3）82019×（﹣0.125）2019；（4）（a3）2•（2ab2）3．【分析】（1）直接利用同底数幂的乘法运算法则计算得出答案；（2）直接利用积的乘方运算法则计算得出答案；（3）直接利用积的乘方运算法则将原式变形进而计算得出答案；（4）直接利用幂的乘方运算法则以及积的乘方运算法则分别计算得出答案．【解答】解：（1）原式＝y10；（2）原式＝x8y12；（3）原式＝（﹣0.125×8）2019＝﹣1；（4）原式＝a6×8a3b6＝8a9b6．20．计算：（1）3（x3）2x3﹣（3x3）3+（5x）2•x7；（2）（﹣2ab）（3a2•2ab﹣b2）【分析】（1）直接利用幂的乘方运算法则以及积的乘方运算法则分别计算得出答案；（2）直接利用单项式乘以多项式运算法则计算即可．【解答】解：（1）原式＝3x9﹣27x9+25x9＝x9；（2）原式＝﹣12a4b2+2ab3．21．先化简，再求值：x2（x+1）﹣x（x2﹣1）+1，其中x＝﹣1．【分析】直接利用整式的混合运算法则化简，进而把已知数据代入求出答案．【解答】解：原式＝x3+x2﹣x3+x+1＝x2+x+1，当x＝﹣1时，原式＝（﹣1）2+﹣1+1＝3﹣2+﹣1+1＝3﹣．22．在平面意角坐标系中，△ABC的三个顶点的位置如图所示（1）请画出△ABC关于y轴对称的△ABC；（其中A′，B′，C分别是A，B，C的对应点，不写画法．（2）直接写出A′点的坐标：（2，3）；（3）求△A′B′C的面积．【分析】（1）分别作出三个顶点关于y轴的对称点，再首尾顺次连接可得；（2）根据所作图形可得点的坐标；（3）利用割补法求解可得．【解答】解：（1）如图所示：（2）A′点的坐标为（2，3）；（3）△A′B′C的面积＝；故答案为：（2，3）23．如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AB的垂直平分线DE交AC于D，垂足为E，若∠A＝30°，CD＝2．（1）求∠BDC的度数；（2）求AC的长度．【分析】（1）根据线段垂直平分线的性质求出AD＝BD，求出∠DBA＝∠A＝30°，根据三角形外角的性质求出即可；（2）求出∠CBD＝30°，根据含30°角的直角三角形的性质求出BD，即可求出AC．【解答】解：（1）∵DE垂直平分AB，∴BD＝AD，∴∠DBA＝∠A＝30°，∴∠BDC＝∠DBA+∠A＝60°；（2）∵∠C＝90°，∠BDC＝60°，∴∠CBD＝90°﹣∠BDC＝30°，∴BD＝2CD＝4，∴AD＝BD＝4．∴AC＝AD+DC＝6．24．如图，E，F分别是等边△ABC边AB，AC上的点，且AE＝CF，CE，BF交于点P．（1）证明：CE＝BF；（2）求∠BPC的度数．【分析】（1）欲证明CE＝BF，只需证得△BCE≌△ABF；（2）利用（1）中的全等三角形的性质得到∠BCE＝∠ABF，则由图示知∠PBC+∠PCB＝∠PBC+∠ABF＝∠ABC＝60°，即∠PBC+∠PCB＝60°，所以根据三角形内角和定理求得∠BPC ＝120°．【解答】证明：（1）∵△ABC是等边三角形，∴BC＝AB，∠A＝∠EBC＝60°，∴在△BCE与△ABF中，，∴△BCE≌△ABF（SAS），∴CE＝BF；（2）∵由（1）知△BCE≌△ABF，∴∠BCE＝∠ABF，∴∠PBC+∠PCB＝∠PBC+∠ABF＝∠ABC＝60°，即∠PBC+∠PCB＝60°，∴∠BPC＝180°﹣60°＝120°．即：∠BPC＝120°．25．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，等边三角形ABC的BC边在x轴上，顶点A在y轴的正半轴上，OB＝a，OA＝a，△ABC的面积为36．（1）求点A的坐标；（2）动点P从点B出发，以每秒1个单位的速度沿B→A→C的方向运动．设运动时间为t，求t为何值时，过O、P两点的直线将△ABC的周长分成两个部分，使其中一部分是另一部分的2倍；（3）设点D为AB的中点，连接CD，在x轴上是否存在点Q，使△DCQ是以CD为腰的等腰三角形？如果存在，请求出点Q的坐标；如果不存在，请说明理由．【分析】（1）根据三角形ABC的面积求出a的值，得出点A的坐标；（2）分两种情况：①P在边AB上，②P在边AC上，分别根据过O、P两点的直线将△ABC 的周长分成两个部分，使其中一部分是另一部分的2倍，列式解出t的值即可；（3）满足△DCQ是以CD为腰的等腰三角形的情形有三种，正确画图，分别以D和C为圆心，以腰CD为半径画圆，分别与x轴相交，可得Q点有三个，根据腰长为6，可得对应Q的坐标．【解答】解：（1）∵△ABC是等边三角形，AO⊥BC，∴CO＝BO＝a，∵S△ABC＝BC•OA＝×2a×a＝36，∵a＞0，∴a＝6，∴OA＝6，∴A（0，6）；（2）∵CO＝BO＝6，∴AB＝AC＝BC＝12，①当P在AB上时，如图1，BP＝t，AP＝AB﹣BP＝12﹣t，∵OP分△ABC周长为1：2，∴（BP+BO）：（AP+AC+OC）＝1：2，∴（6+t）：（12﹣t+12+6）＝1：2，解得t＝6；②当P在AC上时，如图2，BA+AP＝t，PC＝24﹣t，则有（BO+BA+AP）：（PC+OC）＝2：1，∴（6+t）：（24﹣t+6）＝2：1，解得t＝18，∴t＝6秒或t＝18秒时，OP所在直线分△ABC周长为1：2；（3）如图3，∵点D为AB的中点，△ABC是等边三角形，∴CD⊥AB，∠BCD＝30°，∵S△ABC＝BC•OA＝AB•CD，∴CD＝OA＝6，△DCQ是以CD为腰的等腰三角形，点Q在x轴上．分以下情况讨论：①如图3，当CQ＝CD时，CQ＝6，∵OC＝6，∴Q1（6+6，0），Q2（6﹣6，0）；②如图4，当DQ＝DC时，∠DQB＝∠DCQ＝30°，又∵∠ABC＝60°，∴∠QDB＝∠ABC﹣∠DQC＝60°﹣30°＝30°，∴∠QDB＝∠DQB，∴QB＝BD＝6，∴OQ＝12，∴Q3（﹣12，0），所以，在x轴上存在点Q，Q1（6+6，0），Q2（6﹣6，0），Q3（﹣12，0）使△DCQ 是以CD为腰的等腰三角形．26．已知△ABC，AB＝AC，D为直线BC上一点，E为直线AC上一点，AD＝AE，设∠BAD＝α，∠CDE＝β．（1）如图，若点D在线段BC上，点E在线段AC上．①如果∠ABC＝60°，∠ADE＝70°，那么α＝20 °，β＝10 °．②求α，β之间的关系式．（2）是否存在不同于以上②中的α，β之间的关系式？若存在，求出这个关系式（求出一个即可）；若不存在，说明理由．【分析】（1）①先利用等腰三角形的性质求出∠DAE，进而求出∠BAD，即可得出结论；②利用等腰三角形的性质和三角形的内角和即可得出结论；（2）①当点E在CA的延长线上，点D在线段BC上，同（1）的方法即可得出结论；②当点E在CA的延长线上，点D在CB的延长线上，同（1）的方法即可得出结论．【解答】解：（1）①∵AB＝AC，∠ABC＝60°，∴∠BAC＝60°，∵AD＝AE，∠ADE＝70°，∴∠DAE＝180°﹣2∠ADE＝40°，∴α＝∠BAD＝60°﹣40°＝20°，∴∠ADC＝∠BAD+∠ABD＝60°+20°＝80°，∴β＝∠CDE＝∠ADC﹣∠ADE＝10°，故答案为：20，10；②设∠ABC＝x，∠AED＝y，∴∠ACB＝x，∠AED＝y，在△DEC中，y＝β+x，在△ABD中，α+x＝y+β＝β+x+β，∴α＝2β；（2）①当点E在CA的延长线上，点D在线段BC上，如图1设∠ABC＝x，∠ADE＝y，∴∠ACB＝x，∠ACE＝y，在△ABD中，x+α＝β﹣y，在△DEC中，x+y+β＝180°，∴α＝2β﹣180°，②当点E在CA的延长线上，点D在CB的延长线上，如图2，同①的方法可得α＝180°﹣2β．。
正2019—2020—1长郡集团八年级期末考试试卷(附答案)
长郡教育集团初中课程中心2019——2020学年度初二第一学期期末考试语文命题人：余海蓉考试时间：2020年1月8日8：00——10：30注意事项：1.答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名，准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条；形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号；2.必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸，试题卷上答题无效；3.答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4.请匆折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰，卡面清洁；5.答题卡上不准使用涂改液，涂改胶和贴纸。
考生注意1.本试卷共25道小题；2.本学科考试时量150分钟，满分150分。
一、积累与运用(共38分)1.下列各组词语中加点字的注音完全正确的一项是(2分)（）A.差．使（chāi）洗涤．（dí）洨．河（jiāo）惟妙惟肖．（xiào）B.鸡枞．（cóng）依傍．（bàng）倔强．（jiàng ）恹．恹欲睡（yān）C.牛犊．（dú）记载．（zài ）田畴．（chóu ）不折不挠．（ráo）D.遏．制（è）倦怠．（dài ）绿釉．（yòu ）坦荡如砥．（dǐ）2.下列各组词语中字形完全正确的一项是(2分)（）A.星辰推崇映衬因地治宜B.开垦狼藉车辙纵横决荡C.琐屑蔓延鲜谀重峦叠嶂D.雕镂隧道序幕旁逸邪出3.下列加点词语运用不正确的一项是(2分)（）A.我正踌躇．．着怎样对他解释这件事，他却把我拦住了，似乎他早就知道这件事了。
B.阳光明媚，到松雅湖游玩的人络绎不绝．．．．，大家坐在软绵绵的沙滩上晒着太阳、玩着沙子，多么惬意啊！C.影片中，她扮演一位英雄的母亲，言谈举止，无不巧妙绝伦．．．．。
D.这项工程预算十多个亿，设计上必须一丝不苟，否则“失之毫厘．．．．”，后果不堪设想。
．．．．，．谬以千里4.下列语句没有语病的一项是(2分)（）A.校体操队的队员们刻苦训练，积极备战，大力发扬了不怕吃苦、顽强坚韧，终于夺得了冠军。
长沙市长郡郡维中学2019-2020学年八年级(下)第一次月考物理试卷(含答案解析)
周口市项城市正泰博文学校2019-2020学年八年级(下)第一次月考物理试卷一、单选题（本大题共10小题，共20.0分）1.日常生活中，下列物体重力与1N最接近的是A. 一个鸡蛋B. 一瓶矿泉水C. 一袋方便面D. 一盒学生奶2.被地面弹起的篮球，在空中上升的过程中受到哪些力的作用(不计空气阻力)()A. 弹力、重力B. 弹力C. 重力D. 升力、重力3.两只鸡蛋相碰往往只碰破其中一只，有关碰撞时相互间力的作用的说法正确的是()A. 两只鸡蛋受力一样大B. 破的那只鸡蛋受力大C. 未破的那只鸡蛋受力大D. 两只鸡蛋受力大小无法比较4.下列过程中，有一个力的作用效果与其他三个力的作用效果不同，它是()A. 用力拉弓B. 用力蹬车C. 用力垫球D. 瞄准射击5.下列图象中，能正确表示物体所受重力与质量关系的是()A. B. C. D.6.静止放置在水平桌面上的西瓜，如图所示，下列属于一对平衡力的是()A. 西瓜的重力与西瓜对桌面的压力B. 西瓜的重力与西瓜对地球的吸引力C. 西瓜的重力与桌面对西瓜的支持力D. 西瓜对桌面的压力与桌面对西瓜的支持力7.在一艘匀速向北行驶的轮船甲板上，一运动员做立定跳远，若向各个方向都用相同的力，则()A. 向北跳最远B. 向南跳最远C. 向东向西跳一样远，但没有向南跳远D. 无论向哪个方向都一样远8.下列说法中正确的是()A. 马拉车加速行驶，马拉车的力大于车对马的作用力B. 小孩在匀速直线运动的列车上立定跳远，向列车行驶反方向跳会更远些C. 空中的石块加速落向地面的过程中，地球对石块的引力大小一定等于石块对地球的引力大小D. 用大小不变的力F竖直向上拉静止在水平桌面上重力为G钩码，钩码仍静止，F一定小于G9.如图所示，乒乓球是我国人民喜爱的运动项目之一，下列关于乒乓球受力及运动的说法中错误的是()A. 球拍击球时，乒乓球和球拍都会发生弹性形变B. 球拍击球时，球拍对球的力与球对球拍的力是相互作用力C. 击打球的不同部位，球的旋转方向不同，表明力的作用效果与力的大小有关D. 运动的乒乓球在碰到桌面后会改变运动方向，表明力可以改变物体的运动状态10.不存在弹力的是()A. 手对弹簧的拉力B. 人对跳板的压力C. 手对弓的拉力D. 磁铁对小铁球的吸引力二、填空题（本大题共7小题，共15.0分）11.物体的重力大小跟它的质量成______，重力跟质量的关系可表示为______，如果一个位同学的质量是48kg，他受到的重力是______。
湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团2019-2020学年八年级上学期期末联考生物试卷(word版,含答案)
长郡教育集团初中课程中心2019—2020学年度初二第一学期期末考试生物考试时间：2020年1月8日10：50-11：50注意事项：1．答题前，请考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、考室和座位号；2．必须在答题卡上答题，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效；3．答题时，请考生注意各大题题号后面的答题提示；4．请勿折叠答题卡，保持字体工整、笔迹清晰、卡面清洁；5．答题卡上不得使用涂改液、涂改胶和贴纸；6．本学科试卷共35个小题，考试时量60分钟，满分100分。
一、单项选择题（本大题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分）1．近年来有用活水蛭吸取术后淤血、使血管畅通；又用水蛭配其他活血解毒药，应用于治疗肿瘤。
请问水蛭和下列哪种动物亲缘关系最近？（）A．蛔虫B．线虫C．沙蚕D．蜈蚣2．铲屎官——网络流行语，意指给猫、狗铲屎的人类。
爱猫人士将自己比作铲屎官，以表诙谐幽默气氛。
猫和狗都是人类喜爱的宠物，下列哪项不是它们的特点（）A．胎生哺乳B．用肺呼吸C牙齿有门齿、臼齿、犬齿的分化D．双重呼吸3．运动的产生依靠骨、关节和肌肉相互协调配合，以下说法错误的是（）A．运动产生的热能主要由骨骼肌产生B．骨在运动中起杠杆作用，关节起支点作用C．受神经系统的调控D．靠一组肌肉也可以完成运动4．秦岭游学归来，小明将秦岭地区的珍稀动物进行了分类，将细鳞鲑、秦岭雨蛙、大鲵分一类，朱鹮、金雕、红腹锦鸡、大熊猫、羚牛、金丝猴分一类。
他分类的依据是（）A．有无脊柱B．体表是否被毛C．体温是否恒定D．呼吸方式是否相同5．冠豸山坐落在福建省境内，有丰富的植物、动物群系。
共有维管束植物184科734属1628种，脊椎动物有34目97科418种，其中国家一级保护动物有蟒蛇、黄腹角雉、金钱豹等5种。
下列叙述正确的是（）A．该资料描述了冠豸山生态系统的多样性B．资料中的国家一级保护动物都是恒温动物C．资料中提到的分类单位最大的是科，最小的是种D．要保护现有的珍稀动植物资源，最有效的措施是建立自然保护区6．百草枯是一种农药，可防除各种一年生杂草；对多年生杂草有强烈的杀伤作用，对生物多样性有很大的破坏，我国自2014年7月1日起，撤销百草枯水剂登记和生产许可。
湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团2018-2020年(三年)八年级下学期期末考试英语试卷分类汇编：情景交际
湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团2018-2020年（三年）八年级第二学期期末考试英语试卷分类汇编情景交际2019-2020学年湖南长郡集团初二下学期期末考试英语试题第二节情景交际通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。
（共5小题，计10分）A: Hi, Sarah. I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn’t answer. 70. ?B: I was reading an interesting book in my room at that time. I’m sorry I didn’t hear it.A: It is OK. 71. ?B: It is about Sydney. I plan to visit the city this summer.A: Really? I went there 2 years ago.B: Good for you. 72. ?A: It is fantastic. The city is very clean and the people there are very friendly.B: How about the food there?A: 73. . I enjoyed all kinds of food there.B: Sounds really interesting. Could you tell me more about Sydney when we meet next time?A: 74. .答案：70. What were you doing?71. What is it / the book about?72. What do you think of it? / How do you like it?73. Delicious74. Sure. / Of course. / No problem.湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团2018-2019学年度初二第二学期期末考试英语试卷第二节情景交际通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。
【全国百强名校】长郡教育集团2019-2020学年度第一学期初二入学考试试卷-英语(附答案)
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2019-2020年长郡集团八年级第一学期入学考试语文试卷答案
2019-2020年长郡集团八年级第一学期入学考试语文试卷参考答案一、积累与运用（共43分）I.C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A7.示例:阿姨,您好！请先填写这张办卡申请单,然后到那边的收费窗口办卡，办卡成功后就可以充值挂号了，也可以在分诊台挂号。
（语言得体1分，审题准确2分，流程清晰1分）8.（1）放飞青春，放飞梦想（2分）（2）让中国变强盛毕生奉献（2分）（3）举办“青春的力量”读书报告会（1分）出一期“我与青春”黑板报（1分）9.（1）朔气传金柝，寒光照铁衣2）出出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖（3）念天地之悠悠独怆然而涕下（每空1分）10.⑴ D（2）①施耐庵②鲁提辖③宋江杨志④史进豹子头（3）A李逵黑旋风最具反抗意识黑旋风斗浪里白条、真假李逵、黑旋风沂岭杀四虎、中州劫法场、李逵打死殷天赐、李逵斧劈罗真人、黑旋风探穴救柴进、李逵元夜闹东京（写一个即可）每空1分）B吴用智多星智取生辰纲、智取大名府、智赚玉麒麟、智取文安县、梁山泊机密军师（写一个即可）二、阅读理解（共37分）（一）诗歌鉴赏（共8分）II.AE12.颔联中，“燕子经年”“梧桐暮非”表达了时间流逝与物是人非之感;颈联中，诗人家徒四壁、事与愿违的窘迫处境让他产生人生失意的抑郁;尾联中，众多尸位素餐的官吏让诗人对于黑暗官场感到悲愤、无奈，萧萧西风又催生了客居他乡、仕途不顺的惆怅。
（结合诗句，答对两点即可）（二）文言文阅读（共11分）13.B（翻译为“完”）1". C（C项，来；A、B、D 三项,用。
）15.您说的虽然也对,但井上的李子，难道是没有主人的吗？高洁的人尚且去拿它，这就是人们所说的如果肚子饿了，就不再挑拣什么东西，不管什么都吃啊）（饥不择食”可保留不译; “是”1分；“岂"1分;“所谓”1分。
）16.示例1：老翁的做法是合情合理的。
因为宝珠是老翁所收养的猫衔来的报恩之物，而且当初他家生活艰难，他只是暂时将宝珠抵押来换钱度日，后来又遍访失主不得，最后才卖了宝珠。
2019-2020学年长沙市金海中学高三生物第一次联考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年长沙市金海中学高三生物第一次联考试题及参考答案一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。
每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求。
1.下列分别是单糖、二糖和多糖的是（）A. 葡萄糖、核糖、淀粉B. 果糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖C. 葡萄糖、麦芽糖、糖原D. 果糖、糖原、淀粉2.下列各图分别表示两个自变量对光合速率的影响情况，除各图中所示的因素外，其他环境因素均控制在最适范围。
下列分析错误的是A.甲图中a点的限制因素可能是叶绿体中酶的数量B.乙图中d点比c点在相同时间内叶肉细胞中生成C5的速率快C.M、N点的限制因素是光照强度，P点的限制因素是温度D.丙图中，随着温度的升高，曲线走势将稳定不变3.下列有关遗传、变异和进化的叙述，说法正确的是（）A. 自然选择决定了生物变异和进化的方向，进化导致生物多样性形成B. 繁殖过程中产生的变异个体都可以作为进化的原材料C. 地理隔离可阻止种群间的基因交流，种群基因库的差异导致种群间产生生殖隔离D. 基因重组和染色体变异必须在有性生殖前提下才能发生4.以下有关基因重组的.叙述，正确的是（）A．非同源染色体的自由组合能导致基因重组B．姐妹染色单体间相同片段的交换导致基因重组C．基因重组导致纯合体自交后代出现性状分离D．同卵双生兄弟间的性状差异是基因重组导致的5.如图是分泌细胞分泌的某种物质与靶细胞结合的示意图，据图判断下列叙述正确的（）A. 分泌细胞产生的分泌物与靶细胞相互结合的原因是靶细胞膜上有载体蛋白B. 如果分泌细胞为甲状腺细胞，那么靶细胞可能为垂体细胞C. 如果分泌细胞是垂体细胞，那么此时的靶细胞不可能是性腺细胞D. 如果分泌细胞产生的分泌物为胰高血糖素，则靶细胞可以为肌肉细胞6.下列关于基因与性状关系的叙述，错误的是（）A. 一对相对性状可由一对基因控制也可由多对基因控制B. 基因可通过控制蛋白质的合成来控制生物体的性状C. 隐性基因控制的性状在后代中不一定得到表现D. 基因型相同，表现型就相同7.下图是野生祖先种和栽培品种香蕉的染色体核型图，下列相关叙述正确的是（）A.栽培品种和野生祖先种体细胞中每个染色体组都含11条染色体B.栽培品种和野生祖先种都是香蕉，不存在生殖隔离C.用秋水仙素处理野生祖先种的幼苗可以直接获得栽培品种香蕉D.栽培品种香蕉可正常进行减数分裂，形成的配子含有11条染色体8.黑腹果蝇是危害杨梅成熟果实的害虫，具有生活史短、繁殖力强、暴发性危害的特点。
2019-2020学年长沙市金海中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年长沙市金海中学高三英语第一次联考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you had the opportunity to live forever, would you take it? Keeping your body alive indefinitely still seems like an impossibility, but some scientists think that digital technology may have the answer: creating a digital copy of your “self” and keeping it “alive” online long after your physical body has ceased to function.In effect, the proposal is to clone a person electronically. Unlike the familiar physical clones — children that have identical features as their parents, but that are completely separate organisms with a separate life — your electronic clone would believe itself to be you. How might this be possible? The first step would be to mapthe brain.How? One plan relies on the development of nanotechnology (纳米技术). Ray Kurzweil — one of the kings of artificial intelligence — predicts that within two or three decades we will have nano transmitters that can be put into the bloodstream. Inthe capillaries (毛细血管) of the brain, they would line up alongside the neurons and detect the details of the cerebral (大脑的) electronic activity. They would be able to send that information to a receiver inside a special helmet, so there would be no need for any wires sticking out of the head.As a further step, Ray Kurzweil also imagines the nano transmitters being able to connect you to a world of virtual reality on the Internet, similar to what was shown in the film “Matrix”. With the nano transmitters in place, by thought alone, you could log on to the Internet and instead of the pictures coming up on your screen, they would play inside your mind. Rather than send your friends e-mails you would agree to meet up on some virtual tropical beach.Some peoplebelieve that they can enjoy life after death. But why wait for that when you could have a shot of nanobots (纳米机器人) and upload your brain onto the Internet and live forever as a virtual surfer?One snag: to exist on the net you will have to have your neural network parked on the computer of a web-hosting company. These companies want real money in real bank accounts every year or they will wipe your bit of the hard disc and sell the space to someone else. With your body six feet underground how will you pay?1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Nano transmitters can help map the human brain.B. Electronic clones recreate the original human body.C. Electronic clones may put their physical selves into movies.D. Nano transmitters use a helmet to detect the cerebral activities.2. What is the author’s attitude towards electronic clones?A. Optimistic and careful.B. Interested and unconvinced.C. Excited and confused.D. Assured and critical.3. The author asks “how will you pay?” at the end of the article, because ________.A. you can’t pay to exist on the Internet if you are physically deadB. you can’t pay for hard disc space if you don’t have a bank accountC. you can’t pay for a special service if too many people want to use itD.you can’t pay the web-hosting company if you don’t have a neural networkBI was so worried about handing my little boy over during his first week of school, but you made it easier. You smiled at him like a mother would at her own child.You showed warmth and your hugs were always on offer.After a day in class with you, Charlie would come home singing. Whenever I hear Do Your Ears Hang Low or see him stretching to the sky when singing about the days of the week, I will think of you.I didn't tell you at the time, but I loved your morning song so much that Iimplementedit in my own class (I'm a teacher, too).When you saw I was troubled, you hugged me with your smile and I knew everything would be OK. You made parents feel as cared for as our children.In the short time I knew you; you taught me about the type of teacher I desire to be. You never seemed disturbed by the mountain of paperwork or impossible work-life balance that comes with the role. Instead, you appeared to embrace every minute.I can't understand why you've been taken from us. Telling Charlie was one of the hardest things I've had to do.I'm not sure he fully understands, but he told me he loved you and has been asking whether your"robot powers"will work in heaven.A friend once told me white feathers are angels telling us that loved ones in heaven are well. On the first day collecting the children without you，a white feather floated through the sleet (雨夹雪). Watching the younger ones bounce and gigle as they tried to catch it was beautiful.I wish I had told you all of this when you were with us.I hope that you knew how you brought happiness to everyone you met and how loved you were. Goodbye, Dear Friend.4. What does the underlined word "implemented" in Paragraph l probably mean?A. Looked back on.B. Looked forward to.C. Thought highly of.D. Made use of.5. What can we learn from the passage about parents?A. They need to sing songs before children.B. They need to feel the affection as well.C. They find it hard to handle their kids.D. They find it necessary to hug the teachers.6. The writer mentioned "white feather" in Paragraph 4 mainly to ______.rm us of the loved one's deathB. remind us it's time for a snowball fightC. tell us the teacher stays in our mind after deathD. warn us of the falling snow when collecting children7. What's the writer's main purpose in writing this article?A. To make a remark on Charlie's teacher.B.To say goodbye to her fellow teacher.C. To take pity on her fellow teacher.D. To recall and show respect for Charlie's teacher.CAs an eco-minimalist, Su Yige has maintained an environmentally friendly and sustainable lifestyle for the past three years while studying in Canada. She takes her own bag when she goes grocery shopping and uses second-hand items as often as possible. She avoids almost all paper-related products unless she has to use a public toilet while away from home.Diligence and thrift are time-honored traditional Chinese virtues. Su's family is a good example of this, according to the native of Weihai, Shandong province. Although they have little formal “green” knowledge, her parents lead a very environmentally friendly life.For example, the family has used the same hair dryer for more than a decade, and Su remembers many of her mother's clothes from as far back as kindergarten. “As long as something can still be used, my mother will not replace it with a new item,” she said.“I frequently asked my father to bring the plastic bag back home after dumping our waste in the trash bin. He was unhappy, and argued that instead of making that request, I should go downstairs to dump the waste myself” she said. In another move, her father criticized her for doing too much shopping online. Eventually, they bothmade steps toward becoming better environmentalists. Her father brings the bag back for reuse and she has only bought two pieces of clothing online in the past six months.Back in Canada, Su is looking forward to finding a job related to sustainable development in China after she graduates as a computer science major in the summer.8. Which of the following best describes Su Yige?A. Conservative.B. Nostalgic.C. Economical.D. Productive.9. What can be found about Su's mother according to the third paragraph?A. She has a lot of formal green knowledge.B. She regards using the same items as a lifestyle.C. She always wears old clothes due to lack of money.D. She will not replace the old items until they are out of style.10. What can be inferred about Su and her father?A. Both of them like to criticize each other.B. Su's father is particular about her clothes.C. The relationship between them is very tense.D. They urge each other to become more environmentally friendly.11. What can we learn about the author soon after she graduates in Canada?A. She will stay there to look for a job.B. She will put effort into computer science.C. She will devote herself to her motherland's future.D. She will come back to China to stay with her parents.DIn 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasn't wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor?” Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn't focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, “Everyone can do something.”Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by adrunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape.”He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street, so I didn'thave to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.”Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened tostories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” he says. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America. Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.12. What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India?A. He attended an interview for a college.B. He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.C. He interviewed Mother Teresa.D. He did something to help the poor.13. What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4?A. He was born with disability.B. He led a hard life as a child.C. He was well treated at school.D. He survived as a parentless boy.14. How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college?A. Self-centered.B. Sympathetic.C. Popular.D. Casual.15. How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India?A. He preferred traveling to volunteering.B. He suddenly fell in love with journalism.C. He turned his focus to living for himself.D. He gradually devoted himself to helping others.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团湘郡金海中学2019-2020学年八年级下学期第一次月考数学试题(word无答案)
一、单选题
(★) 1 . 下面关于的方程中：① ；② ；③ ；④ ；，一元二次方程的个数是（）
A．B．C．3D．4
(★) 2 . 一元二次方程 x -8x-1=0 配方后可变形为（）
A．(x+4)=0B．(x+4)=15C．(x-4)= 17D．(x-4)=15
(★) 3 . 有一组数据：0，2，3，4，6，这组数据的方差是（）
A．3B．4C．6D．20
(★) 4 . 小华的数学平时成绩92分，期中成绩90分，期末成绩96分，若3:3:4的比例计算总评成绩，则小华的数学总评成绩应为（）
A．92B．93C．96D．92.7
(★) 5 . 如表记录了甲、乙、丙、丁四名跳远运动员几次选拔赛成绩的平均与方差；根据表中数据，要从中选择一名成绩好又发挥稳定的运动员参加比赛，应该选择（）
甲乙丙丁
平均数x（cm）563560563560
方差S2（cm2） 6.5 6.517.514.5
A．甲B．乙C．丙D．丁
(★) 6 . 如图，跷跷板AB的支柱OD经过它的中点O，且垂直与地面BC，垂足为D，
OD=50cm，当它的一端B着地时，另一端A离地面的高度AC为（）
A．25cm B．50cm C．75cm D．100cm
(★) 7 . 如图，在▱ABCD中，AB＝10cm，AD＝15cm，AC、BD相交于点O.OE⊥BD交AD于E，则△ABE的周长为( )
A．20cm B．22cm C．25cm D．30cm
(★★) 8 . 如图，在▱ABCD中，AB＝6，BC＝8，∠BCD的平分线交AD于点E，交BA的延长
线于点F，则AE＋AF的值等于( )
A．2B．3C．4D．6
(★) 9 . 在一次酒会上，每两人都只碰一次杯，如果一共碰杯 55 次，则这次酒会的人数为（）A．19 人B．10 人C．11 人D．12 人
(★★) 10 . 现代互联网技术的广泛应用，促进快递行业高速发展，据调查，我市某家快递公司，今年3月份与5月份完成投递的快递总件数分别为6.3万件和8万件．设快递公司这两个月投
递总件数的月平均增长率为x，则下列方程正确的是( )
A．6.3(1＋2x)＝8B．6.3(1＋x)＝8
C．6.3(1＋x)2＝8D．6.3＋6.3(1＋x)＋6.3(1＋x)2＝8
(★★) 11 . 关于x的一元二次方程x 2+（a 2﹣2a）x+a﹣1=0的两个实数根互为相反数，则a
的值为（）
A．2B．0C．1D．2或0
(★★) 12 . 已知 m 、 n 是关于 x 的一元二次方程 x -2 tx + t - 2 t + 4 = 0 的两实数根，则( m + 2)( n + 2)的最小值是( )
A．7B．11C．12D．16
二、填空题
(★) 13 . 一元二次方程3x（x﹣3）=2x 2+1化为一般形式为_____．
(★) 14 . 已知一组数据1，3，a，6，6的平均数为4，则这组数据的方差为 _____ .
(★) 15 . 方程2 x - 4 = 0的解也是关于 x 的方程 x + mx + 2 = 0的一个解，则 m 的值为_____．(★★)16 . 一元二次方程有两个不相等的实数根且两根之积为正数，若c是整数，则c= _____ ．（只需填一个）．
(★★) 17 . 已知 x 1， x 2是关于 x的一元二次方程 x 2－5 x＋ a＝0的两个实数根，且＝10，则 a＝__________
(★★) 18 . 如图，□ABCD中，M是BC的中点，且AM＝9，BD＝12，AD＝10，则该平行四
边形的面积是 ___ ．
三、解答题
(★) 19 . 用合适的方法解下列方程：
（1）；
（2）；
（3）．
(★★) 20 . 如图，点O是△ABC内一点，连结OB、OC，并将AB、OB、OC、AC的中点D、E、F、G依次连结，得到四边形DEF
A．
（1）求证：四边形DEFG是平行四边形；
（2）若M为EF的中点，OM=3，∠OBC和∠OCB互余，求DG的长度．
(★★)21 . 如图，四边形ABCD中，AC，BD相交于点O，O是AC的中点，AD∥BC，AC＝8，BD＝6．
(1)求证：四边形ABCD是平行四边形；
(2)若AC⊥BD，求▱ABCD的面积．
(★★) 22 . 朗读者自开播以来，以其厚重的文化底蕴和感人的人文情怀，感动了数以亿计
的观众，岳池县某中学开展“朗读”比赛活动，九年级、班根据初赛成绩，各选出5名选
手参加复赛，两个班各选出的5名选手的复赛成绩满分为100分如图所示．
平均数中位数众数
九班8585
九班80
根据图示填写表格；
结合两班复赛成绩的平均数和中位数，分析哪个班级的复赛成绩较好；
如果规定成绩较稳定班级胜出，你认为哪个班级能胜出？说明理
由．
(★★) 23 . 已知关于x的一元二次方程.
（1）求证：方程有两个不相等的实数根；
（2）如果方程的两实根为，，且，求m的值．
(★★) 24 . 我国水资源比较缺乏，人均水量约为世界人均水量的四分之一，其中西北地区缺水
尤为严重．一村民为了蓄水，他把一块矩形白铁皮四个角各切去一个同样大小的小正方形后制
作一个无盖水箱用于接雨水．已知白铁皮的长为280cm，宽为160cm（如图）．
（1）若水箱的底面积为16000cm 2，请求出切去的小正方形边长；
（2）对（1）中的水箱，若盛满水，这时水量是多少升？（注：1升水=1000cm 3水）
(★★) 25 . 阅读材料：各类方程的解法
求解一元一次方程，根据等式的基本性质，把方程转化为x=a的形式．求解二元一次方程组，
把它转化为一元一次方程来解；类似的，求解三元一次方程组，把它转化为解二元一次方程组．求解一元二次方程，把它转化为两个一元一次方程来解．求解分式方程，把它转化为整式
方程来解，由于“去分母”可能产生增根，所以解分式方程必须检验．各类方程的解法不尽相同，但是它们有一个共同的基本数学思想转化，把未知转化为已知．
用“转化”的数学思想，我们还可以解一些新的方程．例如，一元三次方程x 3+x 2-2x=0，可以通
过因式分解把它转化为x(x 2+x-2)=0，解方程x=0和x 2+x-2=0，可得方程x 3+x 2-2x=0的解．（1）问题：方程x 3+x 2-2x=0的解是x 1=0,x 2= ，x 3= ；
（2）拓展：用“转化”思想求方程的解；
（3）应用：如图，已知矩形草坪ABCD的长AD=8m，宽AB=3m，小华把一根长为10m的绳
子的一端固定在点B，沿草坪边沿BA，AD走到点P处，把长绳PB段拉直并固定在点P，然后
沿草坪边沿PD、DC走到点C处，把长绳剩下的一段拉直，长绳的另一端恰好落在点
A．求AP的长．。