2019年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

2019英语硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案

2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语一真题及答案Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land...When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people.If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings.Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution.18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization.1. [A]Some [B]Most [C]Few [D]All2. [A]put[B]take[C]run [D]come3. [A]Since [B] If [C] Though [D]Until4. [A]formally [B] relatively [C] gradually [D] literally5. [A] back [B] next [C] around [D] away6. [A]onto [B]off[C]across [D]alone7. [A]unattractive[B] uncrowded [C]unchanged [D]unfamiliar8. [A] site[B]point [C]way [D]place9. [A] So [B] Yet [C]Instead [D]Besides10. [A]immediately [B] intentionally [C]unexpectedly [D] eventually11. [A]surprised [B]annoyed [C]frightened [D]confused12. [A] problem [B]option [C]view [D]result13. [A] Above all [B]In contrast [C] On average [D] For example14. [A]bridge [B]avoid [C]spot [D]separate15. [A] from [B] through [C]beyond [D] under16. [A] posts [B]links [C]shades [D]breaks17. [A] artificial [B] mysterious [C] hidden [D] limited18. [A] Finally [B] Consequently [C] incidentally [D] Generally19. [A] memories [B] marks [C] notes [D] belongings20. [A] restrict [B] adopt [C] lead [D] expose1-20参考答案及解析：1. 生活在一个GPS系统，数字地图和其他导航应用程序都在我们的智能手机上轻易获取”。

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题及解析

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题及解析（江南博哥）材料题根据下面资料，回答1-20题Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.1,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it2. As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing3on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of4the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to5my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate6of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight7altering your training program. The most8changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these9, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule10.Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for meto11my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observeand12any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to13my training program.I use my bimonthly weight-in14to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I'm constantly15and dropping weight, this is a16that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The17to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a18morning weigh-in. I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals,19I'm training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than20over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1、[单选题]第（1）题选A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides正确答案：C参考解析：首段提出文章中心：定期称重是一种了解体重波动的好方法。

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题答案及详解共15页

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题答案及详解Section I Use of English1-5 CDBBA 6-10 BADCA 11-15 BCDCB 16-20 DADAC1．C解析：语义逻辑题。

第一句含义是“古希腊哲学家亚里士多德把笑看作是“有益于身体健康的宝贵锻炼”，第二句意思是“但是一些人提出相反的意见，轻笑可能对身体健康影响极小”，两句之间是转折关系，A、B、C、D四个选项中只有C选项表转折“尽管”，故是正确选项。

2．D解析：语义辨析题。

上下文语境是“笑确实能短期的改变”。

A. reflect“反映”，B. demand“要求”，C. indicate“表明，暗示”，D. produce“产生”，只有D 选项符合语境，所以是正确答案。

3．B解析：语义搭配题。

文中提到“笑能够心律呼吸速率。

” A. stabilizing 意思是“安定，稳定”，B. boosting“促进，推进”，C. impairing“损害，削弱”，D. determining“决定”，根据语境应该是“笑能够促进心律呼吸速率”，B为正确答案。

4．B解析：语义辨析题。

这句话意思是“但是因为大笑很难，一次狂笑不可能……”，四个选项的含义分别是 A. transmit “传播”，B. sustain“维持”，C. evaluate “评估”，D. observe“观察”，根据语境，只有B. sustain符合语境。

5．A解析：语义辨析题。

这句话意思是“一次狂笑不可能像比如走路或者慢跑那样对心血管功能产生益处。

” A. measurable“重大的，重要的”，B. manageable“易控制的”，C. affordable“负担得起的”，D. renewable“可再生的”，四个选项中能和“益处”搭配的只有A. measurable，故是正确答案。

6．B解析：逻辑分析题。

第二段第一句是说“其他的锻炼可以拉紧增强肌肉，很显然笑确是起到了……作用”，对上文有承接还有转折的关系，A. In turn 意思是“轮流”，C. In addition是“另外”，D. In brief 意思是“简而言之”，都不符合语境，只有B. In fact“事实上”符合上下文语境，是正确选项。

2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试思想政治理论试题（答案）

1.A 共产主义者同盟B 正义者同盟C 国际工人协会D 社会主义工人国际2.A 任何具体事物都是普遍联系之网上的一个网结B 事物的普遍联系是通过中介来实现的C 事物的发展变化以时间、地点和条件为转移D 事物的变化和发展是一个过程2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试思想政治理论试题单选题马克思、恩格斯始终站在革命斗争的最前沿，他们的一生是为推翻旧世界、建立新世界而不息战斗的一生。

马克思、恩格斯领导创建的世界上第一个无产阶级政党是正确答案：A答案解析：本题主要考查马克思主义产生的社会根源、阶级基础和思想渊源。

早期的欧洲工人运动缺乏科学理论的指导，后来在马克思、恩格斯的指导下，创建了世界上第一个无产阶级政党——共产主义者同盟。

B 选项，“正义者同盟”是“共产主义者同盟”的前身，“正义者同盟”早期组织过多次起义，但均告失败，后来，他们邀请马克思、恩格斯参加同盟，帮助同盟起草宣言，实现改组。

马克思、恩格斯接受邀请参加同盟，并在1847年同盟第一次代表大会时，将“正义者同盟”改组为“共产主义者同盟”。

C 选项，“国际工人协会”，即第一国际。

是1864年建立的国际工人联合组织。

马克思是创始人之一、实际上的领袖。

本题设问“世界上第一个无产阶级政党”，而不是政党之间的国际联合。

D 选项，社会主义工人国际是指1923～1940年主张改良主义的各国社会民主党、社会党和工党的国际联合组织。

本题设问“世界上第一个无产阶级政党”，而不是政党之间的国际联合。

所以本题选项为A 。

“橘生淮南则为橘，生于淮北则为枳，叶徒相似，其实味不同。

所以然者何？水土异也。

”“橘逾淮为枳”说明了正确答案：C3.A 人类社会与自然界的现存冲突B 经济基础与上层建筑的现存冲突C 社会生产力与生产关系的现存冲突D 社会存在与社会意识的现存冲突4.A 具体劳动和抽象劳动的矛盾B 私人劳动和社会劳动的矛盾C 使用价值和价值之间的矛盾D 脑力劳动和体力劳动的矛盾答案解析：本题主要考查联系的特点。

浙江财经大学硕士学位研究生入学考试统计学

精品文档！2019年攻读浙江财经大学硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：432科目名称：统计学答案请写答题纸上一.单项选择题（本题包括1一30题共30个小题，每小题2分，共60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个符合题目要求，把所选项前的字母填在答题卡相应的序号内）。

1.对某社区8000名居民的生活状况进行调查，其总体是（）A、8000名居民B、每一名居民C、8000名居民的收入D、8000名居民的生活支出2.某企业按照计划规定单位成本应比上年下降10%,实际比计划少完成5%,则同上年相比单位成本（）A、下降14.5%B、下降5.5%C、提咼14.5%D、提局5%3.下列指数中，属于数量指标指数的有（）A、居民消费价格指数B、农副产品收购价格指数C、股票价格指数D、农产品产量总指数4.如果变量X与变量Y之间的相关系数为0,说明这两个变量之间是（）A、完全相关关系B、完全不相关C、没有线性关系D、低度相关关系5-某城市拟对占全市储蓄额4/5的几个大储蓄所进行调查，以了解全市储蓄的一般情况，则这种调査方式是（）A、普查B、抽样调查C、重点调查D、典型调查6-数量指标指数孕也变形为加权算术平均数指数时的权数是（）A、劣。

1B、q o p oC、q,p oD、q°Pi7.如果估计标准误差S*=0，则表明A 、全部观测值和回归值都不相等C 、全部观测值与回归值的离差之积为0D 、全部观测值都落在回归直线上8.某市某年零售商业网密度=1179000人+10019个=108（人/个），该指标是9-假定标志值所对应的权数都缩小1/10,则算术平均数B 、无法判断11.某企业的总产值计划比上年提高4%,执行结果提高5%,则总产值计划完成提咼程度为A 、5%-4%12,已知一组数据的峰度系数为1.9,表示该组数据的分布是A 、正偏分布C 、负偏分布13.在纯随机重复抽样下，若抽样极限误差比原来缩小一半，则样本容量扩大为原来14.下列哪种情况下属于犯第二类错误B 、回归直线代表性小A 、总量指标B 、强度相对数正指标C 、强度相对数逆指标D 、无法判断A 、不变C 、缩小百分之一D 、扩大十倍10.在回归直线方程少=。

2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语试题(二)

2019年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations. 1 ,when done too often,this habit can sometimes hurt more than it 2 .As for me,weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing 3 on the scale.That was bad to my overall fitness goals.I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass,but thinking only of 4 the number on the scale,I altered my training program.That conflicted with how I needed to train to 5 my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate 6 of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym.It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight7 altering your training program.The most8 changes will be observed in skill level,strength and inches lost.For these9 ,I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule10 .Since weight loss is not my goal,it is less important for me to 11 my weight each week Weighing every other week allows me to observe and12 any significant weight changes.That tells me whether I need to13 my training program.I use my bimonthly weigh-in14 to get information about my nutrition as well.If my training intensity remains the same,but I'm constantly15 and dropping weight, this is a16 that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The17 to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health,fitness and well-being.I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a18 morning weigh-in.I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals,19 I'm training according to thosegoals,not the numbers on a scale.Rather than20 over the scale,turn your focus to how you look,feel,how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1. A.However2. A.cares3. A.initially4. A.recording5. A.reach6. A.definition7. A.regardless of8. A.immediate9. A.claims10.A.though11.A.report12.A.account for13.A.prepare14.A.features15.A.bored16.A.sign17.A.request18.A.surprising19.A.if20.A.dominatingB.ThereforeB.helpsB.occasionallyB.explainingB.setB.distributionB.due toB.rigidB.judgmentsB.insteadB.overlookB.approve ofB.shareB.resultsB.anxiousB.secretB.necessityB.disappointingB.unlessB.obsessingC.OtherwiseC.warnsC.solelyC.loweringC.reviewC.depictionC.aside fromC.preciseC.methodsC.againC.trackC.hold ontoC.confirmC.rulesC.sickC.beliefC.wishC.restrictingC.becauseC.puzzlingD.BesidesD.reducesD.formallyD.acceptingD.modifyD.predictionD.along withD.orderlyD.reasonsD.indeedD.concealD.depend onD.adjustD.testsD.hungryD.principleD.decisionD.consumingD.untilD.triumphing Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1Unlike so-called basic emotions such as sadness,fear,and anger,guilt emerges a little later,in conjunction with a child's growing grasp of social and moral norms.Children aren't born knowing how to say"I'm sorry";rather,they learn over time that such statements appease parents and friends—and their own consciences.This is why researchers generally regard so-called moral guilt,in the right amount,to be a good thing.In the popular imagination,of course,guilt still gets a bad rap.It is deeply uncomfortable—it's the emotional equivalent of wearing a jacket weighted with stones. Yet this understanding is outdated."There has been a kind of revival or a rethinking about what guilt is and what role guilt can serve,"says Amrisha Vaish,a psychology researcher at the University of Virginia,adding that this revival is part of a larger recognition that emotions aren't binary—feelings that may be advantageous in one context may be harmful in another.Jealousy and anger,for example,may have evolved to alert us to important inequalities.Too much happiness can be destructive.And guilt,by prompting us to think more deeply about our goodness,can encourage humans to make up for errors and fix relationships.Guilt,in other words,can help hold a cooperative species together.It is a kind of social glue.Viewed in this light,guilt is an opportunity.Work by Tina Malti,a psychology professor at the University of Toronto,suggests that guilt may compensate for an emotional deficiency.In a number of studies,Malti and others have shown that guilt and sympathy may represent different pathways to cooperation and sharing.Some kids who are low in sympathy may make up for that shortfall by experiencing more guilt,which can rein in their nastier impulses.And vice versa:High sympathy can substitute for low guilt.In a2014study,for example,Malti looked ing caregiver assessments and the children's self-observations,she rated each child's overall sympathy level and his or her tendency to feel negative emotions after moral transgressions.Then the kids were handed chocolate coins,and given a chance to share them with an anonymous child.For the low-sympathy kids,how much they shared appeared to turn on how inclined they were to feel guilty.The guilt-prone ones shared more,even though they hadn't magically become more sympathetic to the other child's deprivation."That's good news,"Malti says."We can be prosocial because we caused harm and we feel regret."21. Researchers think that guilt can be a good thing because it may help____A. regulate a child's basic emotions.B. foster a child's moral development.C. improve a child's intellectual ability.D. intensify a child's positive feelings.22. According to Paragraph2,many people still consider guilt to be____A. burdensome.B. deceptive.C. addictive.D. inexcusable.23. Vaish holds that the rethinking about guilt comes from an awareness that____A. emotions are context-independent.B. emotions are socially constructive.C. an emotion can play opposing roles.D. emotional stability can benefit health.24. Malti and others have shown that cooperation and sharing____A. can result from either sympathy or guilt.B. may help correct emotional deficiencies.C. can bring about emotional satisfaction.D. may be the outcome of impulsive acts.25. The word"transgressions"(Paragraph5)is closest in meaning to____A. teachings.B. discussions.C. wrongdoings.D. restrictions.Text2Forests give us shade,quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change.Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the carbon dioxide we produce,we are threatening their ability to do so.The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully,there is a way out of this trap—but it involves striking a subtle balance. Helping forests flourish as valuable"carbon sinks"long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now.California is leading the way,as it does on so many climate efforts,in figuring out the details.The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest.This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity. But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture,so they grow and thrive,restoring the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air.Healthy trees are also better able to fend off insects.The landscape is rendered less easily burnable.Even in the event of a fire,fewer trees are consumed.The need for such planning is increasingly urgent.Already,since2010,drought and insects have killed over100million trees in California,most of them in2016alone,and wildfires have burned hundreds of thousands of acres.California plans to treat35,000acres of forest a year by2020,and60,000by2030—financed from the proceeds of the state's emissions-permit auctions.That's only a small share of the total acreage that could benefit,about half a million acres in all,so it will be vital to prioritize areas at greatest risk of fire or drought.The strategy also aims to ensure that carbon in woody material removed from the forests is locked away in the form of solid lumber or burned as biofuel in vehicles that would otherwise run on fossil fuels.New research on transportation biofuels is already under way.State governments are well accustomed to managing forests,but traditionally they've focused on wildlife,watersheds and opportunities for recreation.Only recently have they come to see the vital part forests will have to play in storing carbon.California's plan, which is expected to be finalized by the governor next year,should serve as a model.26. By saying"one of the harder challenges,"the author implies that____A. global climate change may get out of control.B. people may misunderstand global warming.C. forests may become a potential threat.D. extreme weather conditions may arise.27. To maintain forests as valuable"carbon sinks,"we may need to____A. preserve the diversity of species in them.B. accelerate the growth of young trees.C. lower their present carbon-absorbing capacity.D. strike a balance among different plants.28. California's Forest Carbon Plan endeavors to____A. reduce the density of some of its forests.B. cultivate more drought-resistant trees.C. find more effective ways to kill insects.D. restore its forests quickly after wildfires.29. What is essential to California's plan according to Paragraph5?A. To obtain enough financial support.B. To carry it out before the year of2020.C. To perfect the emissions-permit auctions.D. To handle the areas in serious danger first.30. The author's attitude to California's plan can best be described as____A. ambiguous.B. supportive.C. tolerant.D. cautious.Text3American farmers have been complaining of labor shortages for several years.The complaints are unlikely to stop without an overhaul of immigration rules for farm workers.Congress has obstructed efforts to create a more straightforward visa for agricultural workers that would let foreign workers stay longer in the U.S.and change jobs within the industry.If this doesn't change,American businesses,communities,and consumers will be the losers.Perhaps half of U.S.farm laborers are undocumented immigrants.As fewer such workers enter the country,the characteristics of the agricultural workforce are changing. Today's farm laborers,while still predominantly born in Mexico,are more likely to be settled rather than migrating and more likely to be married than single.They're also aging. At the start of this century,about one-third of crop workers were over the age of35.Now, more than half are.And picking crops is hard on older bodies.One oft-debated cure for this labor shortage remains as implausible as it's been all along:Native U.S.workers won't be returning to the farm.Mechanization isn't the answer,either—not yet,at least.Production of corn,cotton, rice,soybeans,and wheat has been largely mechanized,but many high-value,labor-intensive crops,such as strawberries,need labor.Even dairy farms,where robots do a small share of milking,have a long way to go before they're automated.As a result,farms have grown increasingly reliant on temporary guest workers using the H-2A visa to fill the gaps in the agricultural workforce.Starting around2012,requests for the visas rose sharply;from2011to2016the number of visas issued more than doubled.The H-2A visa has no numerical cap,unlike the H-2B visa for nonagricultural work, which is limited to66,000a year.Even so,employers complain they aren't given all the workers they need.The process is cumbersome,expensive and unreliable.One survey found that bureaucratic delays led the average H-2A worker to arrive on the job22days late.The shortage is compounded by federal immigration raids,which remove some workers and drive others underground.In a2012survey,71percent of tree-fruit growers and nearly80percent of raisin and berry growers said they were short of labor.Some western farmers have responded bymoving operations to Mexico.From1998to2000,14.5percent of the fruit Americans consumed was imported.Little more than a decade later,the share of imports was25.8 percent.In effect,the U.S.can import food or it can import the workers who pick it.31. What problem should be addressed according to the first two paragraphs?A. Flaws in U.S.immigration rules for farm workers.B. Discrimination against foreign workers in the U.S.C. Biased laws in favor of some American businesses.D. Decline of job opportunities in U.S.agriculture.32. One trouble with U.S.agricultural workforce is____A. the rising number of illegal immigrants.B. the aging of immigrant farm workers.C. the high mobility of crop workers.D. the lack of experienced laborers.33. What is the much-argued solution to the labor shortage in U.S.farming?A. To strengthen financial support for farmers.B. To attract younger laborers to farm work.C. To use more robots to grow high-value crops.D. To get native U.S.workers back to farming.34. Agricultural employers complain about the H-2A visa for its____A. control of annual admissions.B. limit on duration of stay.C. slow granting procedures.D. tightened requirements.35. Which of the following could be the best title for this text?A. Manpower vs.Automation?B. U.S.Agriculture in Decline?C. America Saved by Mexico?D. Import Food or Labor?Text4Arnold Schwarzenegger,Dia Mirza and Adrian Grenier have a message for you:It's easy to beat plastic.They're part of a bunch of celebrities starring in a new video for World Environment Day—encouraging you,the consumer,to swap out your single-use plastic staples to combat the plastics crisis.The key messages that have been put together for World Environment Day do include a call for governments to enact legislation to curb single-use plastics.But the overarching message is directed at individuals.My concern with leaving it up to the individual,however,is our limited sense of what needs to be achieved.On their own,taking our own bags to the grocery store or quitting plastic straws,for example,will accomplish little and require very little of us.They could even be harmful,satisfying a need to have"done our bit"without ever progressing onto bigger,bolder,more effective actions—a kind of"moral licensing"that eases our concerns and stops us doing more and asking more of those in charge.While the conversation around our environment and our responsibility toward it remains centered on shopping bags and straws,we're ignoring the balance of power that implies that as"consumers"we must shop sustainably,rather than as"citizens"hold our governments and industries to account to push for real systemic change.It's important to acknowledge that the environment isn't everyone's priority—or even most people's.We shouldn't expect it to be.In her latest book,Why Good People Do Bad Environmental Things,Elizabeth R.DeSombre argues that the best way to collectively change the behavior of large numbers of people is for the change to be structural.This might mean implementing policy such as a plastic tax that adds a cost to environmentally problematic action,or banning single-use plastics altogether.India has just announced it will"eliminate all single-use plastic in the country by2022."There are also incentive-based ways of making better environmental choices easier,such as ensuring recycling is at least as easy as trash disposal.DeSombre isn't saying people should stop caring about the environment.It's just that individual actions are too slow,she says,for that to be the only,or even primary,approachto changing widespread behavior.None of this is about writing off the individual.It's just about putting things into perspective.We don't have time to wait.We need progressive policies that shape collective action,alongside engaged citizens pushing for change.36. Some celebrities star in a new video to____A. disclose the causes of the plastics crisis.B. demand new laws on the use of plastics.C. invite public opinion on the plastics crisis.D. urge consumers to cut the use of plastics.37. The author is concerned that"moral licensing"may____A. suppress our desire for success.B. mislead us into doing worthless things.C. weaken our sense of accomplishment.D. prevent us from making further efforts.38. By pointing out our identity as"citizens,"the author indicates that____A. we have been actively exercising our civil rights.B. we should press our governments to lead the combat.C. our relationship with local industries is improving.D. our focus should be shifted to community welfare.39. DeSombre argues that the best way for a collective change should be____A. a win-win arrangement.B. a top-down process.C. a self-driven mechanism.D. a cost-effective approach.40. The author concludes that individual efforts____A. are far from sufficient.B. are far from rational.C. can be too inconsistent.D. can be too aggressive.Part BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column.There are two extra choices in the right column.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)How seriously should parents take kids'opinions when searching for a home?In choosing a new home,Camille McClain's kids had a single demand:a backyard.McClain's little ones aren't the only kids who have an opinion when it comes to housing,and in many cases youngsters'views weigh heavily on parents'real estate decisions,according to a2018Harris Poll survey of more than2,000U.S.adults.While more families buck an older-generation proclivity to leave kids in the dark about real estate decisions,realty agents and psychologists have mixed views about the financial,personal and long-term effects kids'opinions may have.The idea of involving children in a big decision is a great idea because it can help them feel a sense of control and ownership in what can be an overwhelming process,said Ryan Hooper,clinical psychologist in Chicago."Children may face serious difficulties in coping with significant moves,especially if it removes them from their current school or support system,"he said.Greg Jaroszewski,a real estate broker with Gagliardo Realty Associates,said he's not convinced that kids should be involved in selecting a home—but their opinions should be considered in regards to proximity to friends and social activities,if possible.Younger children should feel like they're choosing their home—without actually getting a choice in the matter,said Adam Bailey,real estate attorney based in New York.Asking them questions about what they like about the backyard of a potential home will make them feel like they're being included in the decision-making process,Bailey said.Many of the aspects of homebuying aren't a consideration for children,said Tracey Hampson,a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita,Calif.And placing too much emphasis on their opinions can ruin a fantastic home purchase."Speaking with your children before you make a real estate decision is wise,but Iwouldn't base the purchasing decision solely on their opinions,"Hampson said.The other issue is that many children—especially older ones—may base their real estate knowledge on HGTV shows,said Aaron Norris of The Norris Group in Riverside, Calif."They love Chip and Joanna Gaines just as much as the rest of us,"he said."HGTV has seriously changed how people view real estate.It's not shelter,it's a lifestyle.With that mindset change come some serious money consequences."Kids tend to get stuck in the features and the immediate benefits to them personally, Norris said.Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time,said Julie Gurner,a real estate analyst with ."Their opinions can change tomorrow,"Gurner said."Harsh as it may be to say,that decision should likely not be made contingent on a child's opinions,but rather made for them with great consideration into what home can meet their needs best—and give them an opportunity to customize it a bit and make it their own."This advice is more relevant now than ever before,even as more parents want to embrace the ideas of their children,despite the current housing crunch.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)It is easy to underestimate English writer James Herriot.He had such a pleasant, readable style that one might think that anyone could imitate it.How many times have I heard people say,"I could write a book.I just haven't the time."Easily said.Not so easily done.James Herriot,contrary to popular opinion,did not find it easy in his early days of, as he put it,"having a go at the writing game".While he obviously had an abundance of natural talent,the final,polished work that he gave to the world was the result of years of practising,re-writing and reading.Like the majority of authors,he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way,but these made him all the more determined to succeed.Everything he achieved in life was earned the hard way and his success in the literary field was no exception.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions:Suppose Professor Smith asked you to plan a debate on the theme of city traffic. Write an email to1) suggest a specific topic with your reasons,and2) tell him about your arrangements.You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own e"Li Ming"instead.(10points)PartB 48. Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing, youshould 1) interpret the chart,and 2) give yourcomments. You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points) 某高校2013和2018年本科毕业生去向统计 26.30% 1.30%2.60%就业升学创业2018。

2019年研究生408统考真题及答案(含综合题详细解析)

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试计算机科学与技术学科联考计算机学科专业基础综合试题一、单项选择题（第1～40小题，每小题2分，共80分。

下列每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项最符合试题要求）2．若将一棵树T转化为对应的二叉树BT，则下列对BT的遍历中，其遍历序列与T的后根遍历序列相同的是。

A．先序遍历B．中序遍历C．后序遍历D．按层遍历3．对n个互不相同的符号进行哈夫曼编码。

若生成的哈夫曼树共有115个结点，则n的值是。

A．56B．57C．58D．604．在任意一棵非空平衡二叉树（AVL树）T1中，删除某结点v之后形成平衡二叉树T2，再将v插入T2形成平衡二叉树T3。

下列关于T1与T3的叙述中，正确的是。

I．若v是T1的叶结点，则T1与T3可能不相同II．若v不是T1的叶结点，则T1与T3一定不相同III．若v不是T1的叶结点，则T1与T3一定相同A．仅I B．仅II C．仅I、II D．仅I、III5．下图所示的AOE网表示一项包含8个活动的工程。

活动d的最早开始时间和最迟开始时间分别是。

A．3和7B．12和12C．12和14D．15和156．用有向无环图描述表达式()(()/)x y x y x++，需要的顶点个数至少是。

A．5B．6C．8D．97．选择一个排序算法时，除算法的时空效率，下列因素中，还需要考虑的是。

I．数据的规模II．数据的存储方式III．算法的稳定性IV．数据的初始状态A．仅III B．仅I、IIC．仅II、III、IV D．I、II、III、IV·2·8．现有长度为11且初始为空的散列表HT ，散列函数是H (key)=key %7，采用线性探查（线性探测再散列）法解决冲突。

将关键字序列87,40,30,6,11,22,98,20依次插入HT 后，HT 查找失败的平均查找长度是。

A ．4B ．5.25C ．6D ．6.299．设主串T ="abaabaabcabaabc"，模式串S ="abaabc"，采用KMP 算法进行模式匹配，到匹配成功时为止，在匹配过程中进行的单个字符间的比较次数是。

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题及解析

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)真题及解析（江南博哥）材料题根据下面资料，回答1-20题Weighing yourself regularly is a wonderful way to stay aware of any significant weight fluctuations.1,when done too often, this habit can sometimes hurt more than it2. As for me, weighing myself every day caused me to shift my focus from being generally healthy and physically active to focusing3on the scale. That was bad to my overall fitness goals. I had gained weight in the form of muscle mass, but thinking only of4the number on the scale, I altered my training program. That conflicted with how I needed to train to5my goals.I also found that weighing myself daily did not provide an accurate6of the hard work and progress I was making in the gym. It takes about three weeks to a month to notice any significant changes in your weight7altering your training program. The most8changes will be observed in skill level, strength and inches lost.For these9, I stopped weighing myself every day and switched to a bimonthly weighing schedule10.Since weight loss is not my goal, it is less important for meto11my weight each week. Weighing every other week allows me to observeand12any significant weight changes. That tells me whether I need to13my training program.I use my bimonthly weight-in14to get information about my nutrition as well. If my training intensity remains the same, but I'm constantly15and dropping weight, this is a16that I need to increase my daily caloric intake.The17to stop weighing myself every day has done wonders for my overall health, fitness and well-being. I'm experiencing increased zeal for working out since I no longer carry the burden of a18morning weigh-in. I've also experienced greater success in achieving my specific fitness goals,19I'm training according to those goals, not the numbers on a scale.Rather than20over the scale, turn your focus to how you look, feel, how your clothes fit and your overall energy level.1、[单选题]第（1）题选A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.HoweverD.Besides正确答案：C参考解析：首段提出文章中心：定期称重是一种了解体重波动的好方法。

2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(一)真题答案

2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）真题答案19考研今天已经落下帷幕，不管怎样都先为自己鼓个掌，接下来已经考完的同学也可以安心对答案了，超详细的英一答案无忧考网已备好，一起来看看吧2019年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语（一）试题解析Section ⅠUse of English1. C. Few2. C. run3. B. If4. D. literally5. A.back6. B. off7. D. unfamiliar8. C.way9. A. So10. D. eventually11. A. surprised12. B. option13. D. For example14. C. spot15. B. through16. D. breaks17. A. artificial18. D. Finally19. B. marks20. C. leadSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart AText 121 A. enhance banks’sense of responsibility22 D. "short-termism" in economic activities23 B. adverse24 C. the approaches to promoting "long-termism"25 B. patience as a corporate virtueText 226 D. The influence of consumer culture.27 A. To help freshmen adapt to college learning28 A. A obtain more financial support29 C. to be identical with each other.30 B.analyzing the causes behind it.Text 331 C. involves some concerns raised by AI today32 D.is too limited for us to reproduce it33 B. is still beyond our capacity34 A. affirmation35 C. The Conscience of AI: Complex But InevitableText 436 C. make more online shopper pay sales tax37 D. were considered unfavorable by states38 D. harmed fair market competition39 B. Big- chain owners40 D. cites some cases related to it and analyses their implicationsPart B 本篇新题型属于排序题。

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试真题

2019年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试真题管理类综合能力一、问题求解：第1—15小题，每小题3分，共45分。

下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。

请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。

1、某车间计划10天完成一项任务，工作了3天后因故停工2天，若要按原计划完成任务，则工作效率需要提高（）A.20%B.30%C.40%D.50%E.60%【答案】C11571-2345、设圆A.(x-C.22(3)(4)2x y-++= D.22(3)(4)2x y+++=E.22(3)(4)2x y++-=【答案】E【解析】看图，不需要计算，直接观察坐标位置即可。

6、在分别记了数字1、2、3、4、5、6的6张卡片中，甲随机抽取1张后，乙从余下的卡片中再随机抽取2张，乙的卡片数字之和大于甲的卡片数字的概率为（）。

A.1160B.1360C.4360D.4760E.4960【答案】D【解析】一共有种选取方法1265C C =60种，作为分母。

分子有以下几种情形。

甲取1，乙有25C =10种，甲取2；乙有25C =10种；甲取3，乙有25C -1=9种；甲取4，乙有25C -2=8种；甲取5，乙有25C -4=6种；甲取6，乙有2+5、3+4、3+5、4+5=4种，一种有47种。

7、将一批树苗种在一个正方形花园的边上，四角都种，如果每隔3米种一颗，那么剩余10颗树苗，如果每隔2米种一颗那么恰好种满正方形的3边，则这批树苗有（）。

A.54颗B.60颗C.70颗D.82颗E.94颗【答案】D8、10A. E 1＞E 2C. E 1＞E 2E. E 1＜E 2【答案】9【答案】，10【答案】【解析】依照海伦公式可求出整个三角形面积为，设AD =x ，三角形ABD 为整个面积的一半，代入海伦公式可得，11、某单位要铺设草坪，若甲、乙两公司合作需6天完成，工时费共计2.4万元；若甲公司单独做4天后由乙公司接着做9天完成，工时费共计2.35万元，若由甲公司单独完成该项目，则工时费共计（） A.2.25万元 B.2.35万元 C.2.4万元 D.2.45万元 E.2.5万元【答案】E【解析】依据题意，甲乙各做6天可完成，甲4天、乙9天也可完成，相当于甲少做的2天等于乙多做的3天，故把乙6天折合成甲的天数，为4天，所以甲单独做需10天完成。