Right on Track
开始写作业的英语
When youre ready to start your homework in English,follow these steps to ensure youre on the right track:1.Prepare Your Workspace:Clear your desk and make sure you have all the necessary materials like textbooks,notebooks,pens,and any other tools you might need.2.Review the Assignment:Read the instructions carefully to understand what is expected of you.If there are any terms or concepts youre not familiar with,take the time to look them up.3.Set a Goal:Determine what you want to achieve in your homework session.This could be completing a certain number of problems,writing a set number of paragraphs,or mastering a specific topic.4.Break Down the Task:If the assignment is large,break it down into smaller,more manageable parts.This can make the task seem less daunting and help you stay focused.5.Start with the Easiest Part:Sometimes,starting with the part you find easiest can help you build momentum and confidence.e Resources Wisely:If youre stuck,dont hesitate to use resources like dictionaries, thesauruses,or online tutorials to help you understand the material better.7.Take Regular Breaks:Short breaks can help refresh your mind and prevent burnout. Try the Pomodoro Technique,where you work for25minutes and then take a5minute break.8.Stay Organized:Keep your notes and work in an organized manner.This will make it easier for you to find information and complete your assignment efficiently.9.Proofread Your Work:Before submitting your homework,make sure to proofread it for any spelling,grammar,or punctuation errors.10.Ask for Help:If youre really struggling with a concept or a problem,dont hesitate to ask for help from a teacher,tutor,or classmate.11.Reflect on Your Progress:After completing your homework,take a moment to reflect on what youve learned and how you can apply this knowledge in the future.12.Prepare for the Next Assignment:Once youve finished,take a few minutes to preparefor your next homework assignment.This might involve gathering materials or reviewing upcoming topics.Remember,the key to successful homework completion is consistency and a positive attitude towards learning.Good luck with your English homework!。
新世纪高级英语视听说4 unit5 听力原文
Unit 5 Big BusinessListeningAudio Track 4-5-1Talk 1Our company employs 100 people from the local area. It develops and produces wooden artware which it sells in one of its five city stores. Even without advertisement, the products are very popular and the stores are always busy. Customers often come directly to the stores to make purchases.*Talk 2I’m the Product Marketing Manager of our company. We are working on a marketing plan at the moment. Before any contracts are signed, there are a lot of things we have to take into careful consideration. We should know, for instance, the needs and preferences of consumers, the best distribution channel, the governing rules and regulations concerning the distribution of products, and the price at which products can be sold.**Talk 3My employer is a world-leading information and communications technology (ICT) solutions provider. The company supplies networking and telecommunications equipment to 45 of the world’s 50 largest telecom operators. In such a compet itive market, the company has to innovate to stay ahead. That’s why it invests heavily in research and development, the department I work in. I’m a senior analyst in the R&D division.Audio Track 4-5-2/Audio Track 4-5-3He may have been your typical teenager in most ways. But he was different in one particular way: he started his own magazine. At the age of 15 he managed the magazine called Student. It was written for and about young people in school. He was very busy, but it was a satisfying job.His next business venture was completely different. He and some friends started a mail order record company. It was also the same year, 1970, when his music discount store was opened in England. It made a lot of money.In the early 1990s, he sold his successful music business and used the money for another business idea: an airline company. And so, Virgin Airways Ltd. was born. To compete with other airlines, his company offered good prices to customers. Today Virgin is known for its excellent service. Richard Branson now runs the Virgin Group, Ltd. He employs 50,000 people and in many different fields, such as book publishing, financial services, modeling, and even bridal services! Not bad for a teenager from the UK who dreamed of editing his own magazine!Audio Track 4-5-4/Audio Track 4-5-5Host: Welcome back to “You Snooze, You Lose!” the best game show on television! This is our final round. Let me remind you of the rules. We will show an object for a couple of seconds. It’s your job to guess what it is. Michael? Linda? Are you ready to play?Michael & Linda: Yes!!Host: OK, then, let’s play ”You Snooze, You Lose!” Show us item number one.Host: Yes, Michael?Michael: I know what they are. They’re called “cams” and they’re used in mountain climbing. Host: That’s right for one point! They’re used to hold climbing ropes. All right then, here’s our second object. Yes, Linda?Linda: Is it some kind of tool?Host: Can you be more specific?Linda: I don’t know ... a tool used to fix some kind of machine?Host: No, I’m sorry. It’s a nose and ear hair trimmer. Next … item number three. Do you have any idea? Time is up. Since no one guessed, I’ll tell you the answer. Those are called Hopi ear candles. Linda: You stick them in your ears?Host: That’s right. They are used to clean out your ears. They also help to relax you. Let’s move on to item number four. Here it is.Michael: That’s obvious. It’s a corkscrew. You use it to open bottles.Host: Yes, that’s correct! It’s a mini-travel corkscrew. You can pack it in your suitcase. Oh, no! You know what that means! We’re out of time. Michael, with two correct answers, you are today’s winner! Congratulations! And before we leave, let me show the remaining objects. Item number five is an egg slicer. Item number six is a tongue scraper —make sure to use it so that you don’t have bad breath! That’s all the time we have for today. See you next time on “You Snooze, You Lose!” Goodbye everybody!Audio Track 4-5-6/Audio Track 4-5-7Microsoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices. Headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA, its best selling flagship products are the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite. Microsoft ships products to Europe, Asia, and Latin America.Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975. In the mid-1980s, it rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS. Since 1985, Microsoft has released an upgrading line of Windows operating systems featuring a friendly user interface. The latest one, Windows 7, was released in October 2009 and has sold 600 million copies to date. A more powerful one, Windows 8, is to be released in late 2012. It is reported that this product can deliver a fast and fluid experience, along with a new user interface that responds equally well to touch as it does to keyboard and mouse.As one commentator notes, Microsoft’s original mission was “a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software,” and now it is a goal near fulfillment. Microsoft alsomakes profits in other markets such as computer hardware products and home entertainment products.Audio Track 4-5-8/Audio Track 4-5-9A different kind of holiday: Shop less, live more!Advertising is everywhere. It’s on race cars and subway trains, on T-shirts and billboards. Every day, you see hundreds of ads, and each advertiser wants you to buy their product. But do we really need all these products? A group in Canada says “No.” In 1991, they started an event called Buy Nothing Day, to protest against consumerism and waste. Every year, on the last Friday in November, no one should spend any money for 24 hours. The event has spread to over 15 countries around the world, including Japan, Australia, and the United Kingdom.In the United States, Buy Nothing Day takes place on the Friday after the Thanksgiving holiday. This is usually the busiest day of the year in department stores and shopping malls. Traditionally, it’s the first day of the Christmas shopping season, when Americans buy gifts for family and close friends.However, this “season” has grown longer every year. Now some stores put up their Christmas window displays in the middle of October, and Americans are pressured to buy gifts for every one of their relatives, for all of their coworkers, and for everyone they do business with. Many people feel that they are forgetting the real significance of the holidays, because companies just want them to spend more money.Of course, Buy Nothing Day supporters don’t want to change just one day. They want the change to continue all year. But if we take a break from shopping on one day, we can start thinking about wh at we really need in life. Michael Smith, British organizer of Buy Nothing Day, says: “Our message is clear: Shop less, live more!”Audio Track 4-5-10/Audio Track 4-5-11Ad or no ad?Is advertising really necessary? Billions of dollars are spent on it every year, so it must be important. After all, it’s a busy world. You have to advertise, sell products, and make money!Not every company thinks that way. The NO-AD company (“no-ad” stands for “not advertised”) avoids big advertising campaigns. The company was started in 1960 and is successful today. Their products are still affordable because the company saves money on advertising. They also use their savings to support a drug and alcohol awareness program to educate high school students.NO-AD sells by wor d of mouth. “Word-of-mouth advertising” happens when a person tells another person about a good experience with a product or service. That second person then tells another friend, family member, or colleague. And so a chain of information is created.Typic ally, advertisers talk about how good their product is. Although they say things like, “Studies show that our product is the best,” or “Everyone loves this product,” it can sound insincere or unconvincing. It’s much more believable to hear about a product from someone who did not make it. Our friends’ opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about aproduct.Word-of-mouth advertising has other advantages, too. It’s cost-effective (after all, it’s free) and a company doesn’t have to create a complex business plan to do it. Here is some advice for small business about word-of-mouth advertising:• Be prepared to talk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always carry business cards.• Only say positive things about your company. Don’t say negative things about your company.• Help other companies by referring people to them. The more you help others, the more good fortune will come back to you.Speaking & CommunicationAudio Track 4-5-12Noun: He gave me a beautiful present.Verb: Tomorrow I will present my ideas to the board of directors.Audio Track 4-5-131. a. I buy my produce at the market.b. We produce stereos and CD players.2. a. No one buys records anymore.b. I like to record my voice and listen to it.3. a. I can’t deliver it without an address.b. You need to address the envelope.Audio Track 4-5-14Host: So, welcome to our show. Why don’t you tell our listeners who you are and what you do. Woman: My name is Beverly Smith. I’m the CEO for TalkBack Communications.Host: Can you tell us about your company?Woman: Certainly. Our company was founded in 1995. We’re based in New York City. We have about 10,000 employees worldwide.Host: What does your company do?Woman: We do business in a large number of fields, such as telecommunications and computers. Our main area of business is new cell phone technology.Host: I hear your company is doing quite well.Woman: Well, we made over five million dollars profit last year. Experts say our company willgrow by up to 10% next year.Audio Track 4-5-15Conversation 1A: What’s the name of your company?B: It’s called Moonlights.A: Can you tell us about your company?B: Certainly. Our company was founded in 1999. We’re based in Seattle. We have over 5,000 employees.A: What does your company do?B: Moonlights produces and sells bottled coffee drinks. We also purchase coffee from farmers and sell it in our stores. Moonlights has over 3,000 stores worldwide.A: I hear your company is growing.B: Well, we made approximately 100 million dollars in profit last year. Experts say our company will grow by up to 10 percent next year.Conversation 2A: What’s the name of your company?B: It’s called Wasedosoft.A: Can you tell us about your company?B: Certainly. O ur company was founded in 2001. We’re based in Tokyo. We have over 12,000 employees.A: What does your company do?B: Wasedosoft produces millions of computer games and ships them to many countries. We also purchase computer games from freelancers and sell them in our stores. Wasedosoft has over 4,000 stores worldwide.A: I hear your company is growing.B: Well, we made approximately 1.5 billion dollars in profit last year. Experts say our company will grow by up to 15 percent next year.Audio Track 4-5-16History of Yahoo!This company was originally started as a hobby by two students in 1994. In the beginning it was called “Jerry and David’s Guide to the World Wide Web.” Their product was placed on two computers. The computers were named after two sumo wrestlers. The company grew quickly. Many stories were broadcast about it in the 1990s.Yahoo! TodayThis company’s Internet destination is visited by millions of people worldwide. It is used to find information. Free e-mail services are offered, too. Most of its profit is provided by advertising. Its main offices are found in California.Video CourseVideo Track 4-5-1Catherine: I’m a lawyer and the company I work for, we help people in the city … um … get assistance in a lot of different ways. We help them get housing, food, shelter …Gian: My company is a management consulting firm. We do education for executives. I make brochures that I send out to many executives throughout the United States. We invite those people to come to our trainings.Kevin: My friends and I founded a smoothie business back in college. We advertise by word of mouth and we also hand out flyers to students on campus.Malinda: The company that I work for employs about thirty people. We do a lot of things so that other people will know the kinds of work that we do. We talk to reporters to try to get articles in the newspaper, and we take lots of photographs.Calum: For my … um … classes I had to study a company. And I chose a company that produces advertisements. The adverts are usually quite complex, but they also have to be easy to remember. David: My friend’s dad’s business is a janitorial service. And businesses call him and he has people come in and clean the building, after hours. The business is successful because he’s a very hard worker.Video Track 4-5-2Gian: My company is a management consulting firm. We do education for executives. I make brochures that I send out to many executives throughout the United States. We invite those people to come to our trainings.Kevin: My friends and I founded a smoothie business back in college. We advertise by word of mouth and we also hand out flyers to students on campus.David: My friend’s dad’s business is a janitorial service. And businesses call him and he has people come in and clea n the building, after hours. The business is successful because he’s a very hard worker.Video Track 4-5-3Takeshi: By the way Mike, thanks a lot for helping me out with this. I can’t believe Tara got sick! And on the day of my first real commercial shoot. Can you believe it?Mike: Don’t worry about it. It’s going to be great … especially since you have a “lovely assistant” like me.Takeshi: Right … there, that should do it. Got your signs?Mike: Check!Takeshi: Ready Mr. Howard? (Mr. Howard nods ) And ro lling … OK … “Furniture Showroom” commercial — take one.Mr. Howard: Hello there! My name is John Howard, president of Furniture Showroom, and I’m here to tell you why we’re one of the most successful furniture stores around. The keys to our success are excellent quality, great design, and affordable prices. And who are these keys for? Why for you —our customers! And that’s why I’m here today to show you some of our premier pieces. Like this sleek and stylish lounge chair. All our loungers are covered in 100% genuine leather, and built with solid steel-frame construction. Take a look at that — talk about well-made. Or take a look at this Super Sleeper Sofa… why it’s one of the most comfortable sofas you’ll ever lay your head on! It’s true! See for yourself! (Mike lies down on sofa ) You know, folks, Furniture Showroom is not one of those flyby- night operations —“here today, gone tomorrow.” Our company was founded in 1982 with only three hard-working employees: my wife, my son, and me. Here at Furniture Showroom, we really pride ourselves in giving you the best product at the right price! So come on down to Furniture Showroom and take a look at our … (interrupted by Mike’s snore)Tara: Hey, what happened to that TV commercial? The one I couldn’t do because I was sick? Takeshi: You mean the one where Mike fell asleep on my first paying client? I just sent in the tape last week. Who … who knows what’ll happen.Mike: Look, I said I was sorry. Plus that couch was really comfortable …Takeshi: (phone rings) Hello? This is. Oh, hello, Mr. Howard! Yeah … uh-huh … OK … great! Thank you!Tara: Well?Takeshi: They loved it. They just booked me for another five commercials! Mr. Howard said that the big guy who fell asleep on the couch was the best part!Mike: Well, you k now what this calls for, don’t you?Takeshi: Yeah … an apology.Mike: No, an encore! (jumps on sofa )Video Track 4-5-4Takeshi: By the way Mike, thanks a lot for helping me out with this. I can’t believe Tara got sick! And on the day of my first real commercial shoot. Can you believe it?Mike: Don’t worry about it. It’s going to be great … especially since you have a “lovely assistant” like me.Takeshi: Right … there, that should do it. Got your signs?Mike: Check!Takeshi: Ready Mr. Howard? (Mr. Howard nods ) And rolling … OK … “Furniture Showroom” commercial — take one.Mr. Howard: Hello there! My name is John Howard, president of Furniture Showroom, and I’m here to tell you why we’re one of the most successful furniture stores around. The keys to our success are excellent quality, great design, and affordable prices. And who are these keys for? Why for you —our customers! And that’s why I’m here today to show you some of our premier pieces. Like this sleek and stylish lounge chair. All our loungers are covered in 100% genuineleather, and built with solid steel-frame construction. Take a look at that — talk about well-made. Or take a look at this Super Sleeper Sofa… why it’s one of the most comfortable sofas you’ll ever lay your head on! It’s true! See for yourself! (Mike lies down on sofa ) You know, folks, Furniture Showroom is not one of those flyby- night operations —“here today, gone tomorrow.” Our company was founded in 1982 with only three hard-working employees: my wife, my son, and me. Here at Furniture Showroom, we really pride ourselves in giving you the best product at the right price! So come on down to Furniture Showroom and take a look at our … (interrupted by Mike’s snore)Video Track 4-5-5Tara: Hey, what happened to that TV commercial? The one I couldn’t do because I was sick? Takeshi: You mean the one where Mike fell asleep on my first paying client? I just sent in the tape last week. Who … who knows what’ll happen.Mike: Look, I said I was sorry. Plus that couch was really comfortabl e …Takeshi: (phone rings ) Hello? This is. Oh, hello, Mr. Howard! Yeah … uh-huh … OK … great! Thank you!Tara: Well?Takeshi: They loved it. They just booked me for another five commercials! Mr. Howard said that the big guy who fell asleep on the couch was the best part!Mike: Well, you know what this calls for, don’t you?Takeshi: Yeah … an apology.Mike: No, an encore! (jumps on sofa )Audio Track 4-5-17Mike was helping Takeshi shoot a TV commercial for a store called Furniture Showroom. The president of Furniture Showroom, Mr. Howard, was starring in the commercial. First Mr. Howard talked about the company, which was founded in 1982. Then Mike helped show off the furniture while Mr. Howard described it and elaborated on how well each piece was made. However, while Mr. Howard was describing one of the sofas, Mike lay down on it and fell asleep!Later, Tara asked Takeshi about the TV commercial that she had failed to help him with. While Takeshi was telling Tara about the commercial, the phone rang and it was Mr. Howard! Mr. Howard said that his company loved the commercial, so they had decided to hire Takeshi to make five more commercials!。
听力课本听力原文---新世纪视听说4(第三版)听力文本资料B4-U5听力原文
视听说原文Unit 5 Big BusinessAudio Track 4-5-1Talk 1Our company employs 100 people from the local area. It develops and produces wooden artware which it sells in one of its five city stores. Even without advertisement, the products are very popular and the stores are always busy. Customers often come directly to the stores to make purchases.*Talk 2I’m the Product Marketing Manager of our compan y. We are working on a marketing plan at the moment. Before any contracts are signed, there are a lot of things we have to take into careful consideration. We should know, for instance, the needs and preferences of consumers, the best distribution channel, the governing rules and regulations concerning the distribution of products, and the price at which products can be sold.**Talk 3My employer is a world-leading information and communications technology (ICT) solutions provider. The company supplies networking and telecommunications equipment to 45 of the world’s 50 largest telecom operators. In such a competitive market, the company has to innovate to stay ahead. That’s why it invests heavily in research and development, the department I work in. I’m a s enior analyst in the R&D division.Audio Track 4-5-2/Audio Track 4-5-3He may have been your typical teenager in most ways. But he was different in one particular way: he started his own magazine. At the age of 15 he managed the magazine called Student. It was written for and about young people in school. He was very busy, but it was a satisfying job.His next business venture was completely different. He and some friends started a mail order record company. It was also the same year, 1970, when his music discount store was opened in England. It made a lot of money.In the early 1990s, he sold his successful music business and used the money for another business idea: an airline company. And so, Virgin Airways Ltd. was born. To compete with other airlines, his company offered good prices to customers. Today Virgin is known for its excellent service. Richard Branson now runs the Virgin Group, Ltd. He employs 50,000 people and in many different fields, such as book publishing, financial services, modeling, and even bridal services! Not bad for a teenager from the UK who dreamed of editing his own magazine!Audio Track 4-5-4/Audio Track 4-5-5Host: Welcome back to “You Snooze, You Lose!” the best game show on television! This is our final round. Let me re mind you of the rules. We will show an object for a couple of seconds. It’s your job to guess what it is. Michael? Linda? Are you ready to play?Michael & Linda: Yes!!Host: OK, then, let’s play ”You Snooze, You Lose!” Show us item number one.Host: Yes, Michael?Michael: I know what they are. They’re called “cams” and they’re used in mountain climbing. Host: That’s right for one point! They’re used to hold climbing ropes. All right then, here’s our second object. Yes, Linda?Linda: Is it some kind of tool?Host: Can you be more specific?Linda: I don’t know ... a tool used to fix some kind of machine?Host: No, I’m sorry. It’s a nose and ear hair trimmer. Next … item number three. Do you have any idea? Time is up. Since no one guessed, I’ll tell you the answer. Those are called Hopi ear candles. Linda: You stick them in your ears?Host: That’s right. They are used to clean out your ears. They also help to relax you. Let’s move on to item number four. Here it is.Michael: That’s obvious. It’s a corkscrew. You use it to open bottles.Host: Yes, that’s correct! It’s a mini-travel corkscrew. You can pack it in your suitcase. Oh, no! You know what that means! We’re out of time. Michael, with two correct answers, you are today’s winner! Congratulations! And before we leave, let me show the remaining objects. Item number five is an egg slicer. Item number six is a tongue scraper —make sure to use it so that you don’t have bad breath! That’s all the time we have for today. See you next time on “You Snooze, You Los e!” Goodbye everybody!Audio Track 4-5-6/Audio Track 4-5-7Microsoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices. Headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA, its best selling flagship products are the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite. Microsoft ships products to Europe, Asia, and Latin America.Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975. In the mid-1980s, it rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS. Since 1985, Microsoft has released an upgrading line of Windows operating systems featuring a friendly user interface. The latest one, Windows 7, was released in October 2009 and has sold 600 million copies to date. A more powerful one, Windows 8, is to be released in late 2012. It is reported that this product can deliver a fast and fluid experience, along with a new user interface that responds equally well to touch as it does to keyboard and mouse.As one commentator notes, Microsoft’s original mission was “a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software,” and now it is a goal near fulfillment. Microsoft also makes profits in other markets such as computer hardware products and home entertainment products.Audio Track 4-5-8/Audio Track 4-5-9A different kind of holiday: Shop less, live more!Advertising is everywhere. It’s on race cars and subway trai ns, on T-shirts and billboards. Every day, you see hundreds of ads, and each advertiser wants you to buy their product. But do we really need all these products? A group in Canada says “No.” In 1991, they started an event called Buy Nothing Day, to protest against consumerism and waste. Every year, on the last Friday in November, no one should spend any money for 24 hours. The event has spread to over 15 countries around the world, including Japan, Australia, and the United Kingdom.In the United States, Buy Nothing Day takes place on the Friday after the Thanksgiving holiday. This is usually the busiest day of the year in department stores and shopping malls. Traditionally, it’s the first day of the Christmas shopping season, when Americans buy gifts for fa mily and close friends.However, this “season” has grown longer every year. Now some stores put up their Christmas window displays in the middle of October, and Americans are pressured to buy gifts for every one of their relatives, for all of their coworkers, and for everyone they do business with. Many peoplefeel that they are forgetting the real significance of the holidays, because companies just want them to spend more money.Of course, Buy Nothing Day supporters don’t want to change just one day. They want the change to continue all year. But if we take a break from shopping on one day, we can start thinking about what we really need in life. Michael Smith, British organizer of Buy Nothing Day, says: “Our message is clear: Shop less, live more!”Audio Track 4-5-10/Audio Track 4-5-11Ad or no ad?Is advertising really necessary? Billions of dollars are spent on it every year, so it must be important. After all, it’s a busy world. You have to advertise, sell products, and make money!Not every company thinks that way. The NO-AD company (“no-ad” stands for “not advertised”) avoids big advertising campaigns. The company was started in 1960 and is successful today. Their products are still affordable because the company saves money on advertising. They also use their savings to support a drug and alcohol awareness program to educate high school students.NO-AD sells by word of mouth. “Word-of-mouth advertising” happens when a person tells another person about a good experience with a product or service. That second person then tells another friend, family member, or colleague. And so a chain of information is created. Typically, advertisers talk about how good their product is. Although they say things like, “Studies show that our product is the best,” or “Everyone loves this product,” it can sound insincere or unconvincing. It’s much more believable to hear about a product from someone who did not make it. Our friends’ opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product. Word-of-mouth advertising has other advantages, too. It’s cost-effective (after all, it’s free) and a company doesn’t have to create a complex business plan to do it. Here is some advice for small business about word-of-mouth advertising:• Be prepared to ta lk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always carry business cards.• Only say positive things about your company. Don’t say negative things about your company.• Help other companies by referring people to them. The more you help others, the more good fortune will come back to you.Speaking & CommunicationAudio Track 4-5-12Noun: He gave me a beautiful present.Verb: Tomorrow I will present my ideas to the board of directors.Audio Track 4-5-131. a. I buy my produce at the market.b. We produce stereos and CD players.2. a. No one buys records anymore.b. I like to record my voice and listen to it.3. a. I can’t deliver it without an address.b. You need to address the envelope.Audio Track 4-5-14Host: So, welc ome to our show. Why don’t you tell our listeners who you are and what you do. Woman: My name is Beverly Smith. I’m the CEO for TalkBack Communications.Host: Can you tell us about your company?Woman: Certainly. Our company was founded in 1995. We’re based in New York City. We have about 10,000 employees worldwide.Host: What does your company do?Woman: We do business in a large number of fields, such as telecommunications and computers. Our main area of business is new cell phone technology.Host: I hear your company is doing quite well.Woman: Well, we made over five million dollars profit last year. Experts say our company will grow by up to 10% next year.Audio Track 4-5-15Conversation 1A: What’s the name of your company?B: It’s called Moonl ights.A: Can you tell us about your company?B: Certainly. Our company was founded in 1999. We’re based in Seattle. We have over 5,000 employees.A: What does your company do?B: Moonlights produces and sells bottled coffee drinks. We also purchase coffee from farmers and sell it in our stores. Moonlights has over 3,000 stores worldwide.A: I hear your company is growing.B: Well, we made approximately 100 million dollars in profit last year. Experts say our company will grow by up to 10 percent next year.Conversation 2A: What’s the name of your company?B: It’s called Wasedosoft.A: Can you tell us about your company?B: Certainly. Our company was founded in 2001. We’re based in Tokyo. We have over 12,000 employees.A: What does your company do?B: Wasedosoft produces millions of computer games and ships them to many countries. We also purchase computer games from freelancers and sell them in our stores. Wasedosoft has over 4,000 stores worldwide.A: I hear your company is growing.B: Well, we made approximately 1.5 billion dollars in profit last year. Experts say our company will grow by up to 15 percent next year.Audio Track 4-5-16History of Yahoo!This company was originally started as a hobby by two students in 1994. In the beginning it was called “Jerry and David’s Guide to the World Wide Web.” Their product was placed on two computers. The computers were named after two sumo wrestlers. The company grew quickly. Many stories were broadcast about it in the 1990s.Yahoo! TodayThis company’s Internet destination is visited by millions of people worldwide. It is used to find information. Free e-mail services are offered, too. Most of its profit is provided by advertising. Its main offices are found in California.Video CourseVideo Track 4-5-1Catherine: I’m a lawyer and the company I work for, we help people in the city … um … get assistance in a lot of different ways. We help them get housing, food, shelter …Gian: My company is a management consulting firm. We do education for executives. I make brochures that I send out to many executives throughout the United States. We invite those people to come to our trainings.Kevin: My friends and I founded a smoothie business back in college. We advertise by word of mouth and we also hand out flyers to students on campus.Malinda: The company that I work for employs about thirty people. We do a lot of things so that other people will know the kinds of work that we do. We talk to reporters to try to get articles in the newspaper, and we take lots of photographs.Calum: For my … um … classes I had to study a company. And I chose a company that produces advertisements. The adverts are usually quite complex, but they also have to be easy to remember. David: My friend’s dad’s business is a janitorial s ervice. And businesses call him and he has people come in and clean the building, after hours. The business is successful because he’s a very hard worker.Video Track 4-5-2Gian: My company is a management consulting firm. We do education for executives. I make brochures that I send out to many executives throughout the United States. We invite those people to come to our trainings.Kevin: My friends and I founded a smoothie business back in college. We advertise by word of mouth and we also hand out flyers to students on campus.David: My friend’s dad’s business is a janitorial service. And businesses call him and he has people come in and clean the building, after hours. The business is successful because he’s a very hard worker.Video Track 4-5-3Takeshi: By the way Mike, thanks a lot for helping me out with this. I can’t believe Tara got sick! And on the day of my first real commercial shoot. Can you believe it?Mike: Don’t worry about it. It’s going to be great … especially since you have a “lovely assistant” like me.Takeshi: Right … there, that should do it. Got your signs?Mike: Check!Takeshi: Ready Mr. Howard? (Mr. Howard nods ) And rolling … OK … “Furniture Showroom” commercial — take one.Mr. Howard: Hello there! My name is John Howard, pre sident of Furniture Showroom, and I’m here to tell you why we’re one of the most successful furniture stores around. The keys to our success are excellent quality, great design, and affordable prices. And who are these keys for? Why for you — our customers! And that’s why I’m here today to show you some of our premier pieces. Like this sleek and stylish lounge chair. All our loungers are covered in 100% genuineleather, and built with solid steel-frame construction. Take a look at that — talk about well-made. Or take a look at this Super Sleeper Sofa… why it’s one of the most comfortable sofas you’ll ever lay your head on! It’s true! See for yourself! (Mike lies down on sofa ) You know, folks, Furniture Showroom is not one of those flyby- night operations —“here today, gone tomorrow.” Our company was founded in 1982 with only three hard-working employees: my wife, my son, and me. Here at Furniture Showroom, we really pride ourselves in giving you the best product at the right price! So come on down to Furnit ure Showroom and take a look at our … (interrupted by Mike’s snore)Tara: Hey, what happened to that TV commercial? The one I couldn’t do because I was sick? Takeshi: You mean the one where Mike fell asleep on my first paying client? I just sent in the tape last week. Who … who knows what’ll happen.Mike: Look, I said I was sorry. Plus that couch was really comfortable …Takeshi: (phone rings) Hello? This is. Oh, hello, Mr. Howard! Yeah … uh-huh … OK … great! Thank you!Tara: Well?Takeshi: They loved it. They just booked me for another five commercials! Mr. Howard said that the big guy who fell asleep on the couch was the best part!Mike: Well, you know what this calls for, don’t you?Takeshi: Yeah … an apology.Mike: No, an encore! (jumps on sofa )Video Track 4-5-4Takeshi: By the way Mike, thanks a lot for helping me out with this. I can’t believe Tara got sick! And on the day of my first real commercial shoot. Can you believe it?Mike: Don’t worry about it. It’s going to be great … especially since you have a “lovely assistant” like me.Takeshi: Right … there, that should do it. Got your signs?Mike: Check!Takeshi: Ready Mr. Howard? (Mr. Howard nods ) And rolling … OK … “Furniture Showroom” commercial — take one.Mr. Howard: Hello there! My name is J ohn Howard, president of Furniture Showroom, and I’m here to tell you why we’re one of the most successful furniture stores around. The keys to our success are excellent quality, great design, and affordable prices. And who are these keys for? Why for you —our customers! And that’s why I’m here today to show you some of our premier pieces. Like this sleek and stylish lounge chair. All our loungers are covered in 100% genuine leather, and built with solid steel-frame construction. Take a look at that — talk about well-made. Or take a look at this Super Sleeper Sofa… why it’s one of the most comfortable sofas you’ll ever lay your head on! It’s true! See for yourself! (Mike lies down on sofa ) You know, folks, Furniture Showroom is not one of those flyby- night operations —“here today, gone tomorrow.” Our company was founded in 1982 with only three hard-working employees: my wife, my son, and me. Here at Furniture Showroom, we really pride ourselves in giving you the best product at the right price! So come on down to Furniture Showroom and take a look at our … (interrupted by Mike’s snore)Video Track 4-5-5Tara: Hey, what happened to that TV commercial? The one I couldn’t do because I was sick? Takeshi: You mean the one where Mike fell asleep on my first paying client? I just sent in the tape last week. Who … who knows what’ll happen.Mike: Look, I said I was sorry. Plus that couch was really comfortable …Takeshi: (phone rings ) Hello? This is. Oh, hello, Mr. Howard! Yeah … uh-huh … OK … great! Thank you!Tara: Well?Takeshi: They loved it. They just booked me for another five commercials! Mr. Howard said that the big guy who fell asleep on the couch was the best part!Mike: Well, you know what this calls for, don’t you?Takeshi: Yeah … an apology.Mike: No, an encore! (jumps on sofa )Audio Track 4-5-17Mike was helping Takeshi shoot a TV commercial for a store called Furniture Showroom. The president of Furniture Showroom, Mr. Howard, was starring in the commercial. First Mr. Howard talked about the company, which was founded in 1982. Then Mike helped show off the furniture while Mr. Howard described it and elaborated on how well each piece was made. However, while Mr. Howard was describing one of the sofas, Mike lay down on it and fell asleep!Later, Tara asked Takeshi about the TV commercial that she had failed to help him with. While Takeshi was telling Tara about the commercial, the phone rang and it was Mr. Howard! Mr. Howard said that his company loved the commercial, so they had decided to hire Takeshi to make five more commercials!视听说教程第二版第四册OL听力原文unit 5P92 Audio Track 4-5-6 &Track 4-5-7A. You will listen to a passage about Microsoft Corporation. Then write down as much information as possible about Microsoft.Microsoft CorporationMicrosoft Corporation is a multinational computer technology corporation that develops, manufactures, license, and supports a wide range of software products for computing devices, Headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA, its best selling flagship products are the Microsoft Windows operating system and the Microsoft Office suite. Microsoft ships products to Europe, Asia, and Latin America. It manages branch offices in more than 60 countries. It has nearly 90,000 employees in 105 countries by 2008.Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975. In the mid-1980s, it rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS_DOS. Since 1985, Microsoft has released an upgrading line of Windows operating systems featuring a friendly user interface. The latest one, Windows Vista, was released in January 2007 and has sold 140 million copies to date.As one commentator notes, Microsoft’s original mission was “a computer on every desk and in every home, running Microsoft software,” and now it is a goal near fulfillment. Microsoft also makes profits in other markets such as computer hardware products and home entertainment products.P93 Audio Track 4-5-8 &Track 4-5-9A. You will listen to a passage which protests against advertising and shopping. Then fill in the blanks with words from the passage.A different kind of holiday: Shop less, live more!Advertising is everywhere. It’s on race cars and subway trains, on T-shits and billboards. Every day, you see hundreds of ads, and each advertiser wants you to buy their product. But do we really need all these products?A group in Canada says “No”. In 1991, they started an event called Buy Nothing Day, to protest against consumerism and waste. Every year, on the last Friday in November, no one should spend any money for 24 hours. The event has spread to over 15 countries around the world, including Japan, Australia, and the United Kingdom.In the United States, Buy Nothing Day takes place on Friday after the Thanksgiving holiday. This is usually the busiest day of the year in department stores and shopping malls. Traditionally, it’s the first day of the Christmas shopping season, when Americans buy gifts for family and close friends.However, this “season” has grown longer every year. Now some stores put up their Christmas window displays in the middle of October, and Americans are pressured to buy gifts for every one of their relatives, for all of their coworkers, and for everyone they do business with. Many people feel that they are forgetting the real significance of the holidays, because companies just want them to spend more money.Of course, Buy Nothing Day supporters don’t want to change just one day. They want the change to continue all year. But if we take a break from shopping on one day, we can start thinking about what we really need in life. Michael Smith, British organizer of Buy Nothing Day, says: “Our message is clear: shop less, live more!”P95 Audio Track 4-5-10 &Track 4-5-11B. Listen to the talk about advertising, “Ad or no ad?” complete the statements.Ad or no ad?Is advertising really necessary? Billions of dollars are spent on it every year, so it must be important. After all, it’s a busy world. You have to advertise, sell products, and make money!Not every company thinks that way. The NO-AD company (“no-ad” stands for “Not advertised”) avoids big advertising campaigns. The company was started in 1960 and is successful today. Their products are still affordable because the company saves money on advertising. They also use their savings to support a drug and alcohol awareness program to educate high school students.NO-AD sells by word of mouth. “Word- of-mouth advertising” happens when a person tells another person about a good experience with a product or service. That second person then tells another friend, family member, or colleague. And so a chain of information is created.Typically, advertisers talk about how good their product is. Although they say things like, “Studies show that our product is the best,” or “Everyone loves this product.” It can sound insincere or unconvincing. It’s much more believable to hear about a product from someone who did not make it. Our friends’ opinions are very important to us, so we often listen to their advice about a product.Word-of-m outh advertising has other advantages, too. It’s cost-effective (after all, it’s free) and a company doesn’t have to create a complex business plan to do it. Here is some advice for small business about word-of-mouth advertising:·Be prepared to talk about your company at any time. You never know who you will meet. Always carry business cards.·Only say positive things about your company. Don’t say negative things about your company.·Help other companies by referring people to them. The more you help others, the more good fortune will come back to you.Compound Dictation:A different kind of holiday: Shop less, live more!Advertising is everywhere. It’s on race cars and subway trains, on T-shits and billboards. Every day, you see hundreds of ads, and each advertiser wants you to buy their product. But do we really need all these products? A group in Canada says “No”. In 1991, they started an event called Buy Nothing Day, to (1) consumerism and waste. Every year, on the last Friday in November, no one should spend any money for 24 hours. The event has (2) to over 15 countries around the world, including Japan, Australia, and the United Kingdom.In the United States, Buy Nothing Day takes place on Friday after the Thanksgiving holiday. This is usually the busiest day of the year in (3) stores and shopping malls. (4), it’s the first day of the Christmas shopping season, when Americans buy gifts for family and close friends. However, this “season” has grown longer every year. Now some stores put up their Christmas window (5) in the middle of October, and Americans are (6) to buy gifts for every one of their (7), for all of their coworkers, and for everyone they do business with. Many people feel that they are forgetting the real (8) of the holidays, because companies just want them to spend more money.Of course, Buy Nothing Day (9)don’t want to change just one day. They want the change to continue all year. But if we take a break from shopping on one day, we can start thinking about what we really need in life. Michael Smith, British (10)of Buy Nothing Day, says: “Our message is clear: shop less, live more!”。
全新版大学英第二版语综合教程2听力原文Unit 2
Unit2 Express Yourself!Listening and SpeakingAudio Track 2-2-1A: The woman in the red coat is smiling and the woman in the blue jeans beside her is laughing. Why are they so happyB: Maybe they’re going to the movies and they are excited.Audio Track 2-2-2/Audio Track 2-2-31.Angie: Okay, what’s the next test questionMarc: The next question is ... What’s the capital of GreenlandAngie: (yawning ) ... It’s ...Marc: Angie!Angie: WhatMarc: Stop yawning. This is serious!Angie: I’m sorry. I’m listening.2.Pablo: So, my plane leaves at 8: 00, and ... hey Carolyn, are you crying Carolyn: No, not really.Pablo: Yes, you are! What’s wrongCarolyn: Well, it’s summer vacation and you’re going away.Pablo: Come on now. Don’t cry. It’s only for three months.Carolyn: Okay. But write to me. I’ll miss you.3.Vickie: Tony, what’re you doingTony: I’m planning our trip to Las Vegas. Ugh! I can’t find a hotel room. Vickie: So we can’t visit Las VegasTony: No, we can’t. Hey Vickie, why are you smilingVickie: I don’t really want to go to Vegas, Tony. I’m glad. Now we can visit London instead!Audio Track 2-2-4/Audio Track 2-2-51.Man: Where are you running to, PaulaWoman: I have Connie’s wallet. I need to give it to her.Man: Come on. I’ll help you.Woman: I don’t see Connie anywhere.Man: Look! She’s over there. Standing at the bus stop.Woman: Oh yeah, I see her. Connie! Connie!Man: She doesn’t see us.Woman: You’re right. It’s too noisy, and she’s talking to someone.2.Man: Well, here we are. This is my mom’s house.Woman: It’s beautiful.Man: Hey, Jen. Are you okayWoman: I’m just a little nervous. It’s my first time meeting your mother. Man: Come on. Don’t worry. Here she is now.Woman 2: Hi, Tim!Man: Hi, Mom. I’d like you to meet Jen.Woman 2: Hi, Jen. It’s very nice to meet you.Woman: It’s nice to meet you, too. Mrs. Harris.3.Man: Hey, Anne. Where are you goingWoman: I’m going to the library to study.Man: For what It’s only 7:00 a.m.!Woman: My final exams. They’re next week.Man: Wow, well, good luck!Woman: Thanks!4.Woman: Bill, it’s late. Where’s the theaterMan: Hmmm ... I think it’s near here.Woman: Are you sure What street is thisMan: Uhm ... I don’t know.Woman: Where’s the map I want to check.Audio Track 2-2-6/Audio Track 2-2-7Paula: So, Jane, what are you doing these daysJane: I’m working in an office. And I’m studying computer science in the evening. Paula: You’re really busy!Jane: That’s for sure! And in my free time, I’m learning Spanish for my vacation. I’m planning a trip to Mexico next year.Paula: What about your brothers How are they doingJane: They’re doing great! Alex is helping our father in his business, and Adam is going to Pacific University.Paula: How nice!Jane: Paula, how about you How are you doing these daysPaula: I’m doing great, too. I’m working on a project about community safety. Jane: Community safetyPaula: Yeah. We’re planning a campaign against theft, fire, AIDS and drugs in ourcommunity.Jane: Oh, that sounds interesting!Paula: Yes, indeed it is interesting. And it is very important to the community.Audio Track 2-2-8/Audio Track 2-2-10Know before you go!BangladeshPeople greet their friends by shaking hands softly and then putting their hands over their heart. People in Bangladesh don’t use many gestures. Waving at people and winking are very rude. Don’t touch people on the head. Don’t point with your foot — Bangladeshi people think feet are very dirty.IndonesiaIndonesians greet people with a long handshake, and they bow at the same time. At a meeting, give every person your business card, but use your right hand — using your left hand is very rude.Audio Track 2-2-9/Audio Track 2-2-10ThailandIn Thailand, the traditional greeting is called wai— people put their hands together and bow. Men and women don’t often touch each other in public. Thai people don’t use their hands for gestures, but they love to smile a lot. They sometimes laugh when they feel nervous or embarrassed.The United Arab EmiratesPeople in the United Arab Emirates have some special gestures. When two men meet, they shake hands. Sometimes old men touch noses together. Women kiss their friends on the cheek. If a man meets a woman, he doesn’t shake hands with her. He just smiles. When you give your friend something, give it to him with your right hand. Don’tuse your left hand. And don’t point at people with your finger. Use your hand to gesture towards them.Audio Track 2-2-11/Audio Track 2-2-12In Brazil, men often shake hands when they meet for the first time. When women meet, they kiss each other on the cheek. Women also kiss male friends to say hello. When you shake hands, look at the person in the eyes. This shows interest and friendliness. In New Zealand, usually, both men and women shake hands when they meet someone for the first time. If you see two people pressing their noses together, they are probably Maori. The Maori are the native people of New Zealand. This is their traditional greeting.In Japan, when people meet for the first time, they usually bow. In business, people also shake hands. In formal situation, people often exchange business cards. When you give a business card, give it with two hands. This is polite. Special note: In Japan, when people smile it can have different meanings. It usually means that the person is happy, or that the person thinks something is funny. But it can also mean that the person is embarrassed.Audio Track 2-2-131. The man is laughing. The man’s laughing.2. The bus is coming. The bus’s coming.3. Why is she frowning Why’s she frowingAudio Track 2-2-141. Tina’s studying in the library.2. My sister’s nervous. She is studying for a test.3. When is your class4. Cintra’s dad is talking on the phone.5. How’s your family doing6. Toshi’s car is not working.Audio Track 2-2-15Jim: Hi, Katy.Katy: Hey, Jim. How’s it goingJim: Great! How’re you doingKaty: I’m stressed.Jim: Yeah What’s wrongKaty: Oh, I have an important test tomorrow.Jim: Well, why aren’t you studyingKaty: I’m kind of tired.Jim: Come on. Let’s have a cup of coffee. Then you can study.Katy: Okay, sounds good!Audio Track 2-2-16A: Hi, Mike.B: Hi, Jim. How are you doingA: Not so good. Actually I’m a bit angry.B: Yeah What’s wrongA: Oh, I’m going to see a football game tonight with my friend Dan, but he’s late. B: Why not give him a call right nowA: I did, but his mobile is out of service and I couldn’t reach him.B: Calm down. When will the game startA: It starts in 20 minutes! There’s not much time left to get there.B: Don’t worry. Just take a taxi to the game. Maybe Dan is there already.A: Yeah, I guess that’s the best thing to do!Audio Track 2-2-17A: Hi, Ben.B: Hi, Lisa, How are you getting along You look unhappy today.A: It’s nothing really. It’s just ... about my trip to Boston.B: You’re going on a trip to Boston Sounds nice. Why are you so glumA: Well I hate flying. That’s what is bothering me. Just thinking of airplane crashes makes me scared.B: Come on, Lisa. Airplanes are safe.A: Perhaps, but I’m still afraid.B: OK. I understand. Let me see ... I have a suggestion! Want to hear itA: Go ahead.B: Why don’t you rent a car and drive to BostonA: That’s a great idea!B: Yeah, and perhaps I could come with you! I have friends in Boston, and I could visit them, too.A: Sounds good.Audio Track 2-2-18A: Hi, Mike! It’s great to see you again! How’s it goingB: I’m fine. Thanks. How are you doingA: Fine! Where are you living nowB: I’m living in Boston, attending Harvard University.A: Wow, so you’re still at university.B: Yeah, I’m doing my PhD. It’s taking ages to finish and it’s pretty stressful.How about youA: Well, I’m a sales manager at an American company. It’s pretty exciting.B: I wish I were working already. I’m sick of studying.Video CourseVideo Track 2-2-1Dave: I get stressed very often because of school.Natalie: Sometimes at the office I get stressed, and when I do, I take a break and go for a walk.Dayanne: One of the things that really makes me happy is going to the beach. Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. WhenI’m angry, I like to be alone, I don’t like to be around other people. Agnes: I don’t like to be angry or stressed, because when I am, I eat all the time, and when I’m angry, I yell at everybody.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw the Frisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-2Alyssa: I don’t like to feel angry or sad or frustrated. I do like to feel happy and excited. When I’m angry, I like to be alone. I don’t like to be around other people.Jennifer: When I have stress, I like to take my dog to the park and throw the ball or throw the Frisbee, and that relaxes me.Video Track 2-2-3Dennis: We have a special way of greeting our elders in the Philippines by takingtheir hand and kind of kissing it like this. And it’s called mano.Dayanne: In Brazil when you greet a friend you give them a big hug and sometimes you give them a kiss on the cheek and in some places you give two kisses and in some places three kisses.Miyuki: Bowing is a very polite gesture in Japan, but I often shock people when I stick my hands out to shake their hands because it’s not very common.Agnes: When you greet somebody in Senegal you shake hands for a long time or you can hug, too, and ask about him, and his family, and his friends, and it takes a while.Video Track 2-2-4Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doingClaudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan. Tara: Your trip to Japan WhenClaudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else Oh, remember — always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural! Takeshi: And remember — never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: ReallyTakeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: WhatTakeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like thisTakeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!Video Track 2-2-5Takeshi: OK, let’s begin. In Japan, you bow when you greet people ... like this. (bows)Claudia: (bows) That’s cool.Tara: (Tara enters) Hi! What are you two doingClaudia: Takeshi is teaching me traditional Japanese greetings for my trip to Japan. Tara: Your trip to Japan WhenClaudia: I have a big meeting in Tokyo in July.Tara: Wow! That’s great.Video Track 2-2-6Claudia: I’m a little nervous about the whole trip, though.Takeshi: Why There’s no need to be nervous.Claudia: I’m kind of worried about making mistakes. I don’t know anything about Japan.Tara: Don’t worry. Everything’s going to be fine.Video Track 2-2-7Takeshi: And you have a good teacher. Let’s see, what else Oh, remember — always use two hands when you give a person your business card ... like this. (hands Claudia business card, she responds)Tara: (points to Claudia) Hey! That looks really good, Claudia. You’re a natural! Takeshi: And remember — never use your finger to point. That’s actually rude in a lot of countries.Tara: ReallyTakeshi: Yep. Oh, and one more thing. In Japan, for luck, you jump three times and nod your head ... like this.Claudia: WhatTakeshi: Yeah. Let’s try it, come on. Come on, Claudia, try it.Claudia: OK. (Claudia starts to jump and nod her head)Takeshi: Good.Claudia: Like thisTakeshi: (winks at Tara) Yup. (Tara and Takeshi laugh)Claudia: Hey! They don’t do that in Japan! You guys are joking. Oh!Takeshi: Come on Claudia! I only wanted to teach you a very important rule for traveling — relax! And have a little fun!Claudia: You’re right. Some teacher you are!。
教师常用英文表扬用语
教师常用英文表扬用语本文从网络收集而来，上传到平台为了帮到更多的人，如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载本文档（有偿下载），另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意！you’reontherighttracknow!Fine!muchbetter!That’sreallynice.That’sright.That’sgoodyou’rereallyworkinghardtoday.you’reverygoodatthat.Goodwork!Nicegoing.outstanding!That’sit.I’mveryproudofyou.Ilikethat.Notbad.keepworkingonit.you’reimproving.you’relearningfast.Thatwasfirstclasswork.Excellent.That’sthebestever.you’vejustaboutmasteredit.你就要掌握它了。
Perfect!完美无缺！youhaven’tmissedathing!一点不差！I’mhappytoseeyouworkinglikethat.我很高兴看到你像这样做。
That’smuch,muchbetter!这比以前好多了。
Exactlyright.完全正确。
you’redoingthatmuchbettertoday.你今天进步很大。
you’vejustaboutgotit.你就要答对了。
Iknewyoucoulddoit.我知道你是会的。
onemoretimeandyou’llhaveit.再来一次，你就会了。
Thatkindofworkmakesmehappy.真令我高兴。
Aren’tyouproudofyourself?难道还不为你自己感到骄傲？Goodthinking.好思路。
youarereallylearningalot.你真的学到了很多。
you’regettingbettereveryday.你每天都在进步。
Born this way抒情版的歌词
My mama told me when i was young我妈妈在我小时候告诉我We are all born superstars我们生来就是巨星She rolled my hair and put my lipstick on她把我的头发烫了卷又给我画上了口红in the glass of her boudoir（法语）在她的卧室里There’s nothing wrong with loving who you are 爱你自己没有错she said, cause he made you perfect, babe她说，因为他使你完美，宝贝So hold your head up girl and you’ll go far因此昂起你的头，女孩，你将走得很远listen to me when I say听我说Don’t be a drag - just be a queen不要做一个讨厌鬼-要做就做皇后Whether you’re broke or evergreen不论你是失败了还是永葆青春You’re black, white, beige, chola descent不论你是黑种人，白种人，黄种人，You’re lebanese, you’re orient不论你是黎巴嫩人，你是东方人Whether life’s disabilities无论生活是无力的Left you outcast, bullied, or teased使你被抛弃了，被欺负了，或是被嘲笑了Rejoice and love yourself today在今天，庆祝并关爱你自己吧‘Cause baby you were born this way因为宝贝，你生来如此No matter gay, straight, or bi,无论你是男同性恋，非同性恋，或双性恋Lesbian, transgendered life女同性恋，还是变性的人生u were on the right track baby我走在正轨上，宝贝u was born to survive我生为了去拯救I’m beautiful in my way在我的路上我很美’cause god makes no mistakes因为上帝从不犯错I’m on the right trac k baby我走在正轨上，宝贝I was born this way我生来如此ooo there ain’t no other way哦这里不会有其他的路baby u were born this way宝贝我生来如此baby u were born this way宝贝我生来如此ooo there ain’t no other way哦这里不会有其他的路baby u were ~u were on the right track baby 宝贝你~你走在正轨上u were born this way你生来如此My mama told me when i was young我妈妈在我小时候告诉我We are all born superstars我们生来就是巨星。
如何做一个自律的学生的英语作文
如何做一个自律的学生的英语作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1How to Be a Self-Disciplined StudentHey there! My name is Tommy and I'm a 4th grader. Teachers are always telling us how important it is to beself-disciplined students. But what does that really mean? Well, let me explain in a way that's easy for kids like us to understand!Being self-disciplined means being able to control yourself and do what needs to be done, even when you don't really feel like doing it. It's all about making good choices and sticking to them. Pretty cool, huh?For example, let's say your mom asks you to clean your room before you can go out and play. A self-disciplined kid would go ahead and tidy up their space first, rather than trying to sneak out or complain about it. Why? Because they know it's the right thing to do, and they can resist the temptation to goof off.Another example is with schoolwork. A self-disciplined student will focus during class, take good notes, and do theirhomework on time without being reminded a zillion times. They understand that these things are important for learning and getting good grades.Now, being self-disciplined isn't always easy, I'll admit. There are so many fun distractions like video games, TV shows, and just messing around with friends. Believe me, I get tempted too! But I've learned some tricks to help me stay on track.First, I make a schedule for myself. I write down when I need to do homework, chores, practice my instrument, etc. Seeing it all planned out helps me use my time better. I also build in rewards, like if I finish my work early, I can play basketball for 30 minutes.Next, I remove temptations when it's time to focus. That means no phones, tablets, or other gadgets around me. If I get distracted too easily, I might ask my parents to keep those things away until I'm done with my tasks. Out of sight, out of mind!I also don't wait until the very last minute to start big assignments. I break them up into smaller chunks and do a little bit each day. That way, the work doesn't feel so overwhelming and I can still have free time too.Sometimes, being self-disciplined means putting in extra effort, even when you'd rather take it easy. Like practicing those tricky math problems over and over until you get them right. Or going for an extra lap around the track during PE instead of walking. It's about pushing yourself!Of course, you can't be perfect about this all the time. We're just kids, after all! It's okay to goof off a little and just be silly sometimes. I'm definitely not disciplined 24/7 or I'd go crazy! The key is finding a nice balance between work and play.Having self-discipline pays off in so many ways though. You'll get better grades, develop good habits, and learn skills that'll help you out later in life. Plus, it feels pretty awesome when you accomplish your goals through your own efforts!So those are my tips for being a self-disciplined student. It takes practice, but it's totally worth it. Just remember to make a plan, remove distractions, work ahead, and keep trying your best. Before you know it, you'll be a total pro at this self-discipline thing!Let me know if you need any other advice on school stuff. I may be just a 4th grader, but I've got some wise words to share! Study on, my friends!篇2How to Be a Self-Disciplined StudentHi there! My name is Tommy and I'm going to tell you all about how to be a self-disciplined student. Being self-disciplined is super important for doing well in school. It means you can control yourself and make good choices, even when it's hard. Let me share some tips that have helped me a lot!First up, let's talk about setting goals. Goals are things you want to achieve, like getting good grades or joining a school club. Having goals helps give you motivation and direction. When I set a goal, I write it down and put it somewhere I'll see it every day, like on my mirror or the fridge. That way I don't forget about it!My goals also have deadlines, which are dates when I want to achieve them by. For example, if my goal is to finish reading a book for my book report, I'll set a deadline of 2 weeks before it's due so I have plenty of time. Deadlines keep me on track.Another important thing is making a schedule or plan. A schedule is like a roadmap that shows how you'll spend your time each day. I have blocks for homework time, chores, activities and fun. Sticking to my schedule helps me get everything done without feeling overwhelmed.Speaking of homework, that's a huge part of being a disciplined student! I try to do my homework right after school when it's fresh in my mind. I avoid distractions like TV or video games until it's finished. If I get stuck, I ask a parent or teacher for help instead of giving up. Homework builds good study habits.It's also really important to get enough sleep. I try to go to bed around 8:30pm every night so I'm well-rested for school. Being tired makes it hard to pay attention and learn. I leave TV, tablets and video games out of my bedroom so I can fall asleep easily.Taking good notes is another discipline skill. Whenever my teacher is explaining something important, I write it down with the date. That way I can review my notes before a test. Good notes keep me organized and help me remember better.In class, I also practice self-discipline by staying focused and trying my best. If my mind starts to wander, I'll sit up straight and re-focus on the teacher. I raise my hand to ask questions if I'm confused. Participating helps me learn.Self-discipline is just as important during breaks and free time. I don't just veg out and play video games all day. Instead, I make sure to do some "productive" activities too, like reading,practicing an instrument, or helping around the house. Balancing responsibilities with fun keeps me happy and makes my parents proud.I even schedule rewards for myself when I accomplish my goals! For example, if I get an A on a test, I'll let myself pick a fun activity that weekend. Small rewards motivate me and make self-discipline feel worth it.Being a self-disciplined student takes a lot of hard work, but it pays off big time. Thanks to my self-discipline skills, I'm getting great grades, developing good habits for the future, and making my family happy. I feel accomplished and in control of my own success.Of course, self-discipline doesn't mean I never goof off or get distracted. I'm still a kid! But as long as I get back on track quickly, it's okay. Little by little, practicing self-discipline gets easier and easier.So there you have it - my tips for how to be a totallyself-disciplined student! Set goals, make a plan, do your homework, get sleep, take notes, stay focused, balance responsibilities with fun, and reward yourself. If you do all those things, you'll be disciplined, successful, and feel great about your hard work.Just remember, becoming self-disciplined is a process. It won't happen overnight, but if you keep trying your best, you'll get there. Don't get discouraged, keep practicing, and believe in yourself! You've totally got this. Thanks for reading, and happy learning!篇3How to Be a Self-Disciplined StudentHi there! My name is Emily and I'm going to tell you all about how to be a self-disciplined student. Being self-disciplined means controlling yourself and doing what needs to be done, even when you don't really feel like it. It's super important for students!The first step is to make a schedule and stick to it. Having a schedule helps you get organized and use your time wisely. You need to plan out when you'll do your homework, when you'll study for tests, and when you'll do fun activities too. My schedule has time blocks for homework right after school, taking breaks to play outside, studying more at night, and then bedtime at8:30pm. Making and following a schedule takes discipline, but it's so worth it!Next, you have to work on your focus. It's really easy to get distracted these days with video games, TV shows, YouTube, and your phone always buzzing. But you have to practice tuning those things out when it's time to work. I put my phone away and turn off notifications when I'm doing homework. I also work at a clear desk in a quiet room without any other distractions. Building your focus muscles takes time, but you can do it!Having good study habits is key too. It's not enough to just cram for a test at the last minute. You have to review your notes regularly, make flashcards or study guides, and practice over and over again. Self-disciplined students don't wait until the last minute - they work steadily over time. That's the best way to really learn and understand something.Speaking of understanding, you can't be afraid to ask questions if you're confused about something! Raise your hand in class, ask your teacher after for help, or even look online for explanations. Struggling is how we learn and grow. Beingself-disciplined means pushing through that struggle instead of just giving up.Of course, self-discipline isn't just about academics. It's aboutother areas of life too. Do you make your bed every morning without being asked? Do you clean up after yourself?Do you brush your teeth for a full two minutes twice a day? Do you listen to your parents and follow their rules? Practicing discipline in these daily habits will make you better at it in school too.One more really important habit is setting goals.Self-disciplined students know what they want to achieve and they make plans to get there. Maybe your goal is to get good grades, make the honor roll, or get into a great college one day. Maybe you want to learn a new skill like coding or playing an instrument. Whatever your goals are, write them down and make a step-by-step plan for reaching them. Check in on your progress regularly and don't lose sight of what you're working towards.Being a self-disciplined student takes a lot of hard work and commitment. You'll have to make sacrifices and miss out on some fun activities sometimes. When your friends are playing video games, you might have to study instead. When there's a cool movie out, you might have to skip it to finish a big project. It's tough, but developing self-discipline is one of the most important skills you can have.Just think about all the amazing things self-disciplined students can accomplish! You can learn new languages, master difficult subjects, take on leadership roles, and get into greatcolleges and universities. With self-discipline, you can achieve your biggest goals and dreams. How awesome is that?!So what are you waiting for? Start working on thoseself-discipline skills today! Make a schedule, practice focusing, develop strong study habits, ask questions, build discipline through daily habits, set goals, and get ready to work hard. You've totally got this! Being a self-disciplined student will put you on the path to success. It's the way to unlock your full awesome potential!篇4Here's an essay on "How to Be a Self-Disciplined Student" written in a primary school student's tone, with a length of around 2,000 words in English:Title: How to Be a Self-Disciplined StudentHi there! My name is Emma, and I'm a 10-year-old student who loves learning new things. Today, I want to share with you some tips on how to become a self-disciplined student, just like me! Being self-disciplined means having the ability to control your behavior and stay focused on your goals, even when it's hard or you don't feel like it. It's super important for students like us because it helps us do well in school and achieve our dreams.First things first, let's talk about setting goals. Goals are like your own personal targets or missions that you want to achieve. As a student, some of your goals might be getting good grades, finishing your homework on time, or learning a new skill like playing the piano or speaking a foreign language. When you set goals, make sure they are specific, achievable, and exciting for you. Don't just say "I want to be a good student," but instead say something like "I want to get an A in math this semester" or "I want to read 10 books this summer." Having clear goals will help you stay motivated and focused.Once you have your goals, it's time to make a plan! A plan is like a map that helps you reach your destination (your goals). For example, if your goal is to get an A in math, your plan might include things like:Paying attention in class and asking questions when you don't understand something.Doing all your math homework carefully and on time.Practicing math problems from your textbook or online resources.Asking your teacher or a classmate for help if you're struggling with a specific topic.Having a plan helps you stay organized and on track, which is super important for being self-disciplined.Now, let's talk about time management. Time management is all about using your time wisely and not wasting it on things that aren't important. As a student, you have to balance your time between school, homework, extracurricular activities, and having fun with your friends and family. One way to manage your time better is to make a schedule. You can use a planner or a calendar to write down all your classes, homework assignments, activities, and even playtime. That way, you can see everything you need to do and when you need to do it.Another important part of being self-disciplined is avoiding distractions. Distractions are things that take your attention away from what you're supposed to be doing. For example, when you're doing your homework, your phone, TV, or video games can be big distractions. To avoid distractions, try turning off your phone or putting it in another room while you're working. You can also set a timer for a certain amount of time and focus solely on your work until the timer goes off.Lastly, don't forget to take breaks and reward yourself! Being self-disciplined doesn't mean working all the time. It's important to give your brain a rest and do something fun or relaxing, likeplaying outside, reading a book, or hanging out with your friends. You can also reward yourself for completing a task or achieving a goal. For example, if you get an A on a math test, you can treat yourself to your favorite snack or activity.Remember, being self-disciplined takes practice, and it's okay if you make mistakes or have days when you struggle. The important thing is to keep trying and never give up. You've got this!Well, that's all I have for you today. I hope these tips help you become a more self-disciplined student and achieve all your goals. Keep working hard, believe in yourself, and have fun along the way! Until next time, bye!篇5How to Be a Self-Disciplined StudentHi friends! Today I want to talk about being a self-disciplined student. Self-discipline means controlling yourself and doing what needs to be done, even if it's hard or you don't feel like it. It's really important for students like us if we want to do well in school and learn lots of cool things!The first step to self-discipline is making a schedule and sticking to it. A schedule helps you plan out your day so you have enough time for schoolwork, activities, chores, and fun stuff too! My parents help me make a schedule at the start of each week. We write down when I need to wake up, eat meals, go to school, do homework, have activities like soccer practice, and what times I get to play.Sticking to the schedule is the hard part. Sometimes I really don't want to do my homework after school. I'd rather play video games! But I know if I follow the schedule, I'll get my work done first and then I can enjoy gaming time after. Self-discipline means forcing yourself to do what needs to be done, instead of just what you want to do.Another important part of being self-disciplined is avoiding distractions when it's work time. Distractions are things that take your attention away from your tasks, like watching TV, playing on your phone, or having too many notification sounds going off. To avoid distractions, I turn off the TV and put my phone in another room when I'm doing homework. I also use website blockers on my computer to stop me from getting sidetracked on games or social media. It's really hard at first, but Gets easier with practice!Setting goals and rewards is another good way to build self-discipline. At the start of each semester, I write down some goals I want to achieve, like getting good grades or improving in a sport or hobby. Then I make a plan for how to reach those goals through daily practice and hard work. It's much easier to keep going when you have a clear goal in mind! My parents also give me little rewards when I meet my goals, like letting me buy a new video game or going on a fun outing. The rewards motivate me to stay disciplined.Self-discipline definitely isn't easy. Some days I really struggle and want to slack off. But I know it's super important for being a good student and becoming a successful adult later on. I try to remind myself of my goals and why self-discipline matters.I also ask my parents, teachers, or friends for encouragement when I'm finding it tough.To summarize, the keys to self-discipline are: making and following a schedule, avoiding distractions, setting goals with a plan to achieve them, using rewards to stay motivated, and asking others for support. It takes a lot of practice butself-discipline will make you a star student! It's one of the most important skills for doing well academically and in life. With enough discipline, you can achieve anything you dream of. Whatare you waiting for? Start building those self-discipline muscles today!篇6Title: How to Be a Self-Disciplined StudentBeing a self-disciplined student is really important if you want to do well in school and achieve your goals. It's not always easy, but with some good habits and the right mindset, you can become a master of self-discipline! Let me share some tips that have helped me.First up, let's talk about setting a routine. Having a daily schedule is key for self-discipline. Decide what time you'll wake up, have breakfast, go to school, do homework, play, and go to bed. Stick to this routine as much as possible. It'll help you stay organized and use your time wisely.Part of your routine should be setting aside dedicated homework and study time. Find a quiet spot away from distractions like TV, video games, or noisy siblings. During this homework hour (or two!), focus only on schoolwork. No jumping up to play every five minutes! Concentrating for longer periods gets easier with practice.Speaking of practice, that's another biggie for self-discipline. You've heard the phrase "practice makes perfect"? Well, it's true! The more you practice self-discipline habits like staying on task and following routines, the easier they'll become. It's like exercise for your self-discipline muscles!Let's not forget about setting goals too. What are your dreams and ambitions? Do you want to get straight A's, become a amazing artist, or join the soccer team? Self-disciplined students set goals and work bit-by-bit to achieve them. Break down your goals into smaller, realistic steps. Celebrate each little milestone along the way!One of the toughest self-discipline challenges is dealing with temptations and distractions. There are so many fun things competing for your attention - YouTube, video games, chatting with friends. But you can train your self-discipline by learning to recognize distractions and reining yourself back in. Maybe you can even reward yourself with a small treat after homework is done!Getting enough sleep is also crucial for self-discipline. When you're overtired, it's way harder to focus and control yourself. Stick to a regular bedtime that allows for 8-10 hours of sleep. Your brain and body will thank you!Don't be too hard on yourself if you slip up sometimes. Learning self-discipline is an ongoing process with ups and downs. Just get back on track as soon as you can. It also really helps to have supportive friends, family, and teachers cheering you on.Most of all, remember why self-discipline matters - because it helps you be your best self. You'll feel accomplished and in control. Self-disciplined students get more out of school and life! How amazing is that?So there you have it - some tips for becoming aself-disciplined student superstar. Create routines, set goals, limit distractions, get enough rest, and keep practicing. You've got this! Just take it one self-disciplined day at a time.。
哈佛大学公开课
第一讲《杀人的道德侧面》这是一门讨论公正的课程,我们以一则故事作为引子:假设你是一名电车司机,你的电车以60英里/小时的速度在轨道上飞驰, 突然发现在轨道的尽头有五名工人正在施工. 你无法让电车停下来,因为刹车坏了. 你此时极度绝望,因为你深知如果电车撞向那五名工人,他们全都会死。
假设你对此确信无疑,你极为无助,直到你发现在轨道的右侧有一条侧轨,而在侧轨的尽头只有一名工人在那施工。
而你的方向盘还没坏，只要你想，就可以把电车转到侧轨上去。
牺牲一人挽救五人性命。
This is a course about justice, and we begin with a story. Suppose you’re the driver of a trolley car, and your trolley car is hurtling down the track, at 60 miles an hour.And at the end of the track you notice five workers working on the track. You try to stop but you can’t, but your brakes don’t work. You feel desperate because you know that if you crash into these five workers, they will all die. Let’s assume you know that for sure, and so you feel helpless, until you notice that there is off to the right, a side track and at the end of that track, there is one worker working on the track. Your steering wheel works, so you can turn the trolley car, if you want to, onto the side track. Killing the one but sparing the five.下面是我们的第一个问题: 何为正确的选择?Here’s our first question: what’s the right thing to do?换了你会怎么做?我们来做个调查。
哈弗大学公开课电车难题英文版
This is a course about justice and we begin with a story.Suppose you're the driver of a trolley car, and your trolley car is hurtling down the track at 60 miles an hour.And at the end of the track you notice five workers working on the track.You try to stop but you can't, your brakes don't work.You feel desperate because you know that if you crash into these five workers, they will all die. Let's assume you know that for sure.And so you feel helpless until you notice that there is, off to the right, a side track and at the end of that track, there is one worker working on the track.Your steering wheel works, so you can turn the trolley car, if you want to, onto the side track killing the one but sparing the five.Here's our first question: what's the right thing to do?What would you do? Let's take a poll.How many would turn the trolley car onto the side track? Raise your hands.How many wouldn't? How many would go straight ahead?Keep your hands up those of you who would go straight ahead.A handful of people would, the vast majority would turn.Let's hear first, now we need to begin to investigate the reasons why you think it's the right thing to do.Let's begin with those in the majority who would turn to go onto the side track. Why would you do it?What would be your reason? Who's willing to volunteer a reason?Go ahead. Stand up.Because it can't be right to kill five people when you can only kill one person instead.It wouldn't be right to kill five if you could kill one person instead.That's a good reason.That's a good reason. Who else?Does everybody agree with that reason? Go ahead.Well I was thinking it's the same reason on 9/11 with regard to the people who flew the plane into the Pennsylvania field as heroes because they chose to kill the people on the plane and not kill more people in big buildings.So the principle there was the same on 9/11.It's a tragic circumstance but better to kill one so that five can live, is that the reason most of you had, those of you who would turn? Yes?Let's hear now from those in the minority, those who wouldn't turn. Yes.Well, I think that's the same type of mentality that justifies genocide and totalitarianism.In order to save one type of race, you wipe out the other.So what would you do in this case?You would, to avoid the horrors of genocide, you would crash into the five and kill them? Presumably, yes.You would? -Yeah.Okay. Who else? That's a brave answer.Thank you.Let's consider another trolley car case and see whether those of you in the majority want toadhere to the principle "better that one should die so that five should live."This time you're not the driver of the trolley car, you're an onlooker. You're standing on a bridge overlooking a trolley car track.And down the track comes a trolley car, at the end of the track are five workers, the brakes don't work, the trolley car is about to careen into the five and kill them.And now, you're not the driver, you really feel helpless until you notice standing next to you, leaning over the bridge is a very fat man.And you could give him a shove.He would fall over the bridge onto the track right in the way of the trolley car. He would die but he would spare the five.Now, how many would push the fat man over the bridge?Raise your hand. How many wouldn't?Most people wouldn't. Here's the obvious question.What became of the principle "better to save five lives even if it means sacrificing one?"What became of the principle that almost everyone endorsed in the first case?I need to hear from someone who was in the majority in both cases.How do you explain the difference between the two? Yes.The second one, I guess, involves an active choice of pushing a person down which I guess that person himself would otherwise not have been involved in the situation at all.And so to choose on his behalf, I guess, to involve him in something that he otherwise would have escaped is, I guess, more than what you have in the first case where the three parties, the driver and the two sets of workers, are already, I guess, in the situation.But the guy working, the one on the track off to the side, he didn't choose to sacrifice his life any more than the fat man did, did he?That's true, but he was on the tracks and...This guy was on the bridge.Go ahead, you can come back if you want. All right.It's a hard question. You did well. You did very well.It's a hard question.Who else can find a way of reconciling the reaction of the majority in these two cases? Yes. Well, I guess in the first case where you have the one worker and the five, it's a choice between those two and you have to make a certain choice and people are going to die because of the trolley car, not necessarily because of your direct actions.The trolley car is a runaway thing and you're making a split second choice.Whereas pushing the fat man over is an actual act of murder on your part.You have control over that whereas you may not have control over the trolley car.So I think it's a slightly different situation.All right, who has a reply?That's good. Who has a way?Who wants to reply?Is that a way out of this?I don't think that's a very good reason because you choose to either way you have to choose who dies because you either choose to turn and kill the person, which is an act of conscious thought to turn, or you choose to push the fat man over which is also an active, conscious action.So either way, you're making a choice.Do you want to reply?I'm not really sure that that's the case.It just still seems kind of different.The act of actually pushing someone over onto the tracks and killing him, you are actually killing him yourself.You're pushing him with your own hands.You're pushing him and that's different than steering something that is going to cause death into another.You know, it doesn't really sound right saying it now.No, no. It's good. It's good.What's your name?Andrew.Andrew.Let me ask you this question, Andrew.Yes.Suppose standing on the bridge next to the fat man, I didn't have to push him, suppose he was standing over a trap door that I could open by turning a steering wheel like that.Would you turn?For some reason, that still just seems more wrong.Right?I mean, maybe if you accidentally like leaned into the steering wheel or something like that. But... Or say that the car is hurtling towards a switch that will drop the trap.Then I could agree with that.That's all right. Fair enough.It still seems wrong in a way that it doesn't seem wrong in the first case to turn, you say.And in another way, I mean, in the first situation you're involved directly with the situation.In the second one, you're an onlooker as well.All right. -So you have the choice of becoming involved or not by pushing the fat man.All right. Let's forget for the moment about this case.That's good.Let's imagine a different case.This time you're a doctor in an emergency room and six patients come to you.They've been in a terrible trolley car wreck.Five of them sustain moderate injuries, one is severely injured, you could spend all day caring for the one severely injured victim but in that time, the five would die.Or you could look after the five, restore them to health but during that time, the one severely injured person would die.How many would save the five?Now as the doctor, how many would save the one?Very few people, just a handful of people.Same reason, I assume.One life versus five?Now consider another doctor case.This time, you're a transplant surgeon and you have five patients, each in desperate need of an organ transplant in order to survive.One needs a heart, one a lung, one a kidney, one a liver, and the fifth a pancreas.And you have no organ donors.You are about to see them die.And then it occurs to you that in the next room there's a healthy guy who came in for a check-up. And he's -- you like that -- and he's taking a nap, you could go in very quietly, yank out the five organs, that person would die, but you could save the five.How many would do it?Anyone? How many?Put your hands up if you would do it.Anyone in the balcony?I would.You would? Be careful, don't lean over too much.How many wouldn't?All right. What do you say?Speak up in the balcony, you who would yank out the organs. Why?I'd actually like to explore a slightly alternate possibility of just taking the one of the five who needs an organ who dies first and using their four healthy organs to save the other four.That's a pretty good idea.That's a great idea except for the fact that you just wrecked the philosophical point.Let's step back from these stories and these arguments to notice a couple of things about the way the arguments have begun to unfold.Certain moral principles have already begun to emerge from the discussions we've had.And let's consider what those moral principles look like.The first moral principle that emerged in the discussion said the right thing to do, the moral thing to do depends on the consequences that will result from your action.At the end of the day, better that five should live even if one must die.That's an example of consequentialist moral reasoning.Consequentialist moral reasoning locates morality in the consequences of an act, in the state of the world that will result from the thing you do.But then we went a little further, we considered those other cases and people weren't so sure about consequentialist moral reasoning.When people hesitated to push the fat man over the bridge or to yank out the organs of the innocent patient, people gestured toward reasons having to do with the intrinsic quality of the act itself, consequences be what they may.People were reluctant.People thought it was just wrong, categorically wrong, to kill a person, an innocent person, even for the sake of saving five lives.At least people thought that in the second version of each story we considered.So this points to a second categorical way of thinking about moral reasoning.Categorical moral reasoning locates morality in certain absolute moral requirements, certain categorical duties and rights, regardless of the consequences.We're going to explore in the days and weeks to come the contrast between consequentialist andcategorical moral principles.The most influential example of consequential moral reasoning is utilitarianism, a doctrine invented by Jeremy Bentham, English political philosopher.The most important philosopher of categorical moral reasoning German philosopher Immanuel Kant.So we will look at those two different modes of moral reasoning, assess them, and also consider others.。
开始写作业用英语
When you start to do your homework in English,follow these steps to ensure youre on the right track:1.Understand the Assignment:Before you begin,make sure you fully understand what is being asked of you.If the assignment is unclear,ask your teacher for clarification.2.Gather Materials:Collect all the necessary materials such as textbooks,notes,and any other resources that might be helpful.3.Create a Plan:Outline the steps you need to take to complete the assignment.This might include researching,drafting,revising,and editing.4.Research:If your assignment requires research,use reliable sources to gather information.Take notes in English to help you integrate the information into your work.5.Draft Your Work:Start writing your assignment.Begin with an introduction that clearly states the purpose of your work.Then,develop your main points in the body of the text,and conclude with a summary of your findings or arguments.e Proper Grammar and Vocabulary:Since youre writing in English,make sure to use correct grammar,spelling,and vocabulary.If youre unsure about a word or phrase, look it up in a dictionary or thesaurus.7.Cite Your Sources:If youve used information from other sources,make sure to cite them properly to avoid plagiarism.Learn the citation style required by your teacher e.g., MLA,APA,Chicago.8.Review and Revise:After youve written your first draft,take some time to review your work.Look for areas where you can improve clarity,organization,and coherence.9.Edit for Errors:Go through your work again to correct any grammatical errors,spelling mistakes,or typos.It can be helpful to read your work aloud to catch any awkward phrasing.10.Ask for Feedback:If possible,ask a classmate,friend,or family member who is proficient in English to read over your work and provide feedback.11.Proofread:Finally,proofread your work one last time before submitting it.Make sure everything is in order and that your assignment meets all the requirements.12.Submit Your Assignment:Once youre satisfied with your work,submit it according to your teachers instructions,whether thats in person,via email,or through an online platform.Remember,practice makes perfect.The more you write in English,the more comfortable and proficient you will become.。
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Right on Track
作者：
来源：《Beijing Review》2019年第09期
China’s economic state has always been closely watched by the international community. Now，
when China and the United States are conducting rounds of trade negotiations， many are concerned
about the possible slowdown of the Chinese economy. Since China contributed nearly 30 percent to
global growth in 2018， if its economy slows down， it will affect the overall growth momentum of
the world economy.
Nevertheless， such concerns are unnecessary as the fundamentals of the Chinese economy
remain unchanged and it is in good shape.
The development of new growth models has injected vitality into the economy. Over the past
decades of double-digit growth， the Chinese economy has mostly relied on investment and export at
the expense of the environment. The Chinese Government has tried to change this unsustainable
growth model over the past decade and has succeeded. National economic data in 2018 showed that
consumption has become the primary growth driver， contributing 76.2 percent to economic
growth， an increase of 18.6 percentage points over the previous year. Since the Chinese Government
has taken multiple measures to boost consumption， it is expected to play a more important role in the
economy in 2019.
The continual increase in residents’income will further promote the sustained growth of
consumption. In 2018， the country’s per-capita disposable income increased 6.5 percent， faster
than the 6.1-percent growth rate of per-capita GDP. As China pushes ahead with measures to fight
poverty and increase employment， the growth momentum of citizens’ income will continue in 2019
and further boost consumption.
China’s huge market， which is still growing， has provided ample room for economic growth.
The country’s middle-income group has surpassed 400 million and become the main contributor to
domestic demand. In 2018， total retail sales of consumer goods surpassed 38 trillion yuan （$5.6
trillion）， which is more than many countries’ GDP. In addition， China’s imports exceeded 14
trillion yuan （$2.05 trillion） in 2018， up 12.9 percent. The Chinese market’s demand for foreign
products will continue to grow in 2019 following the launching of more measures to expand imports.
The furthering of reform and opening up has injected new impetus into economic growth. As
China expands its opening up， its business environment has consistently improved and the
attractiveness for foreign investment increased. In spite of the sharp decline of cross-border
investment throughout the world， China utilized foreign capital worth $135 billion in 2018， up 3
percent year on year， which showed international investors’ confi dence in and bright prospects for
the Chinese economy.
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