南京2019届高三一模：眼界Vs.幸福感,孰轻孰重？
2019-2020学年南京市金陵中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年南京市金陵中学高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项APeople in the Middle Ages did eat with their hands. Personal utensils (餐具) were mostly unheard of, especially forks. There were spoons to help serve, but only special guests would receive a knife from the host. Everyone else would be expected to bring their own. Of course, eating with one's hands can be quite a sticky situation, so towels were provided to help diners stay at least somewhat clean as they ate.Still, dining was often a messy affair. At special occasions in the wealthiest households, women tended to dine alone, separate from the men. Women were expected to uphold a quality of grace. Eating greasy meat by hand would certainly not help! Once the men and women had finished their meals, they would come together to socialize.Dietary scholars of the Middle Ages believed that the foods in a meal needed to be served and eaten in order of heaviness. The lightest and most easily digested foods, such as fruits and cheeses, were eaten first to help the digestive (消化) system get started. Once digestion was underway, greens and light meats, such as lettuce, cabbage and chicken, could be eaten. Last came the heavier vegetables and meats, such as carrots, beans, beef, pork, and mutton. This method was considered the most healthful way to eat.The main and largest meal of the day was supper, and it was eaten at midday. Dinner was a light meal, and many of those in nobility (贵族) -the highest levels of the Middle Ages society-skipped breakfast altogether. Breakfast was considered unnecessary for those who did not perform physical work. Snacks and any other eating during the day were viewed the same way. Commoners, or the working class, were allowed to eat breakfast and small meals throughout the day.1. What did people in the Middle Ages usually do at the dinner table?A. They cleaned hands before meals.B. They used personal utensils.C. They had to use knives at dinner.D. They ate mostly with hands.2. What is the third paragraph mainly about?A. The order of eating foods.B. The weight of various foods.C. The principles of digesting foods.D. The list of healthy foods.3. Why did the nobility avoid eating breakfast?A. Breakfast was wasted for the nobility.B. Breakfast was viewed as unnecessary.C. Breakfast was considered as a light meal.D. Breakfast was saved for commoners.BClara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’ve ever had.”Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.4. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.A. the passenger was traveling aloneB. the plane was in a dangerous situationC. the passenger asked for something suddenlyD. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger5. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.6. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A. Kind and caring.B. Warm-hearted and brave.C. careful and calm.D. opened-minded and confident.7. The passage is mainly written to ________.A. tell a touching story of an amazing girlB. show the great importance of American Body LanguageC. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomlyD. show how kind the flight attendant was to help CookCA 10-year-old swimmer with sky-high dreams and a name to match them has broken a record previously held by Olympian Michael Phelps.Clark Kent Apuada, whose friends call him“Superman", swam the 100-meter butterfly in 1:09.38 at the Far Western Long Course Championships in his home state of California this Sunday. That's a second faster than the record Phelps set at the same event in 1995 with a time of 1: 10. 48 in the same category of boys under 10.Clark, a rising fifth-grader who is Filipino-American, told HuffPost he's been dreaming about breaking Phelps' record ever since he started swimming competitively at age 7."I was so motivated,"Clarksaid about his win."I was so happy that I was able to beat that record.”Phelps competed in his first Olympics at age 15. He went on to become the mostdecoratedOlympian in history, with 28 medals overall. “Everyone in the crowd was excited when they realized what a special swim theyhad just seen when we announced the long-standing record had been broken,"Cindy Rowland,Pacific Swimming's director, wrote in an email.Clarkwon first place for all the swimming events he competed in at this year's Far Western Championships. Pacific Swimming or PacSwim, a regional association that is part of USA Swimming, organizes the Far Western Long Course Championships. Cynthia Apuada,Clark' s mother,said that her child seems to be “living by his name at this point”。
【地理】2019南京盐城高三一模地理试卷及答案
南京市、盐城市2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试地理试题一、选择题(共60 分)(一)单项选择题：本大题共18小题，每小题2分，共计36分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。
某校地理老师带领同学们进行星空观察，在繁星中找到了金星、火星和木星，其位置关系如右图所示。
据此完成1-2题。
1．同学们在夜空看到的星星，属于Ａ．太阳系Ｂ．银河系Ｃ．河外星系Ｄ．总星系2．下图中能正确表示此时上图中各行星在太阳系结构示意图中位置关系的是兰屿距台湾岛台东市约90千米，面积45平方千米，风景优美，有“世外桃源”之称。
岛上丘陵起伏，被火山碎屑岩所覆盖。
读兰屿岛位置图及岛上传统民居“地下屋”景观图，完成3-4题。
3．从成因上看，兰屿形成于A．海洋地壳隆起抬升B．板块碰撞挤压隆起Ｃ．火山活动Ｄ．大陆板块断裂分离4．自然环境深刻影响着人类的聚落形态。
岛上的“地下屋”深埋地下主要是为了避免高三地理试卷 第 2 页 共8页Ａ．被大雨冲毁 Ｂ．被大风摧毁Ｃ．强太阳照射Ｄ．野兽入侵“精灵烟囱”位于土耳其安纳托利亚高原。
数亿年前火山喷吐而出的火山灰和熔岩堆积分别形成凝灰岩和玄武岩层，后经长期的风化侵蚀作用，形成头带玄武岩“帽子”的圆锥形尖塔，被当地人称为“精灵烟囱”。
当地人在岩面上开凿窑洞作为客栈。
读“精灵烟囱”景观图及岩石圈物质循环示意图，完成5-6题。
5．形成“精灵烟囱”的地质作用有A ．①②④B ．②③④C ．①②⑤D ．①③⑤ 6．将“精灵烟囱”开凿窑洞建设客栈，其有利条件是A ．玄武岩面多气孔，利于通风透气B ．凝灰岩质地松软，易于开凿C ．塔形外表坡度大，利于排水D ．岩体层理清晰，结构稳定 读某时刻亚洲部分地区海平面等压线分布图，完成7-8题。
7．有关该日天气状况叙述，正确的是A ．甲地较周边地区气温日较差小B ．乙地空气辐合上升，多阴雨C ．东南沿海省份暖风习习，万里无云D ．台北暖锋过境，多云雨8．锋面M 越过P 地前后，变化最小的天气要素是A ．气温B ．降水C ．风向D ．气压2018年11月29日前后，江淮多地出现了持续的大雾天气，能见度不足200米，在卫星云图上可见清晰的浓雾带（白色所示）。
2019-2020学年南京市中华中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2019-2020学年南京市中华中学高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AReturns & Refund Guarantee（保证；保证书）The “Returns & Refund Guarantee” is a promise provided by sellers for every item they sell on DHgate. com. When you receive an item that was bought and paid for on our site, and you find it is not as described or isof low quality, you can contact the seller to resolve these problems. DHgate will offer additional assistance if the seller is not cooperative.Scope（范围）The following points should not be included in the “Returns & Refund Guarantee”：▲The seller didn't make any promise.▲The seller can provide evidence to prove the items are as described.▲You didn't contact the seller within the promised time.▲You have released the payment to the seller before asking DHgate for help.Sellers are able to set up the following promises：Returning items for any reasonBuyers can return items for a refund within a specific date which has been set up by sellers, such as 3 days, and 7 days from the day when the items are received. The items' receiving date is the date that is indicated on the shipping carrier's official website. Buyers should prepay any return shipping cost, which will be given back to the buyers after the seller receives the items as long as the items are returned in the same exact condition as when they were delivered.Returns or Refunds accepted if the product has quality issuesBuyers can return the items for a refund when they are not as described or possess quality issues by communicating directly with the seller. The seller is responsible for the return shipping cost.Buyers can get a refund and keep the items when the items are not as described or possess quality issues by negotiating directly with sellers.1.Who can get additional assistance from DHgate in the guarantee?A.The buyers in physical stores.B.The buyers on DHgate. com.C.The sellers on DHgate. com.D.Both the buyers and the sellers.2.Which situation is within the scope of the guarantee?A.The seller didn't make any promise.B.The buyer has paid the seller in advance.C.The buyer asked for help within the promised time.D.The seller proves that there is nothing wrong with the item.3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Not all the sellers make promises.B.DHgate sometimes will pay the buyers.C.Sellers should prepay return shipping cost.D.The buyer can't keep the items after getting a refund.BI had just delivered a memorable speech, and I was about to learn how the judges decided my performance. The audience leaned forward and a period of silence fell across the room. I felt the drum rolled in my heart.The third-place winner was announced. The name was not mine. Then the second-place winner, still not me. At last, the moment of truth came. I was about to either enjoy the warmth of victory or regret the months’ preparation. My heart felt closer to the latter.Losing is a part of life, and I have dealt with it on more than one occasion. However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group. After Lincoln lost the 1858 Illinois Senate race, he said, “I felt like the 12-year-old boy who kicked his toe. I was too big to cry and it hurt too bad to laugh.” Oh yeah, I could relate.I had spent many hours in front of a computer and in libraries doing research for the Lincoln Bicentennial Speech Contest. After not placing in the first year of the contest, I really wanted to compete again. Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest! I reworked my speech for the following year, but again I did not place.I couldn’t accept the fact that I failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.4. How did the author feel after finishing his speech?A. Delighted.B. Annoyed.C. Thrilled.D. Nervous.5. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. He was regretful about his not being fully prepared.B. He felt upset for getting up early on a chilly morning.C. He once kicked and hurt his toe when he was 12 years old.D. He turned out to be the last one of his group in the contest.6. Why did the author decide to enter the second contest?A. He was eager to prove himself to be the best contestant.B. He was inspired by the never-give-up spirit of Lincoln.C. He was willing to enjoy the warmth and joy of victory.D. He was determined to win the prize money and praise.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A memorable hero in my lifeB. Never mind others’ judgmentsC. Losing is an indescribable feelingD. Stand up from where we tripped overCI have a memory of being about five years old, picking up a beautiful grilled(烧烤的）cheese sandwich made for me by my hard —working mother and turning it over to see that theother side was burned. Suddenly what I thought was the perfect sandwich was not so perfect. Mom had tried to hide that fact from me. There was no question; I ate it anyway without complaining. However, that moment has stuck in my mind for many years. Now, at the age of 43 as a mother of two children and as a biology professor where I am routinely the "academic mother" of hundreds of students every year,I find that I believe inThe Grilled Cheese Principle.Here is what I mean Making a grilled cheese sandwich is easy right? But when I think of how many burned grilled cheese sandwiches I have eaten, or I have made myself, I realize that most of the grilled cheese sandwiches I have known have had at least one burned side. The thing is that although it is a ly easy thing to make, I can also easily lose focus, and before long the sandwich is burned. For my mother, the first side was usually perfect and the second side got burned due to her being distracted. For me,I have tended to burn the first side,but then I more carefully monitor the second side.Either way,the grilled cheese sandwich suffers because it has not been given the attention it deservesSo, I have learned that even the simplest task deserves my full attention. When I am multi-tasking, I am doing none of the tasks well. And when I allow myself to be distracted, I am not in the present moment — not paying attention to the small details of living or enjoying the processSo now, I believe the best way to make a perfect grilled cheese sandwich is to make only one at a time and give it my full attention.8. How did the writer react to the sandwich with burned side?A. She ate it with some complaintsB. She showed no interest.C. She thought it was still perfectD. She was deeply impressed with it9. What doesThe Grilled Cheese Principlemean?A. Even simple things deserve full attentionB. Losing focus makes the sandwich burnedC. Self-made sandwiches are always burnedD. we should make only one sandwich at a time10. Which of the following can we infer from the passage?A. Everything cannot be done well without full attentionB. Moms always like to lie to kids when they have done something wrongC. We can lose focus more easily when we do easy things.D. Multi-tasking can be an obstacle to the achievement of tasks.11. What does the writer mainly want to tell us?A. Nothing is perfectB. Learn to appreciate the burned sandwichesC. Devote yourself to one thing at a time.D. Never do multi-tasksDAt Aizo Chuo Hospital in Japan, employees greet newcomers, guide patients to and from the surgery area, and print out maps of the hospital for confused visitors. They don’t take lunch breaks or even get paid. Why? They’re robots!Robots have long worked in factories, helping to build cars and electronic appliances. But today’s robots don’t just do the jobs of people－they actually look and act a lot like people.Kansei, arobot from Japan, has a plastic face covering 19 movable parts. The robot can make 36 facial expressions in response to different words. Kansei shakes in fear at the word “war” and smiles when it hears theword “dinner”.Researchers in Europe are going even further with iCub, a “baby” robot. They are teaching it to speak and hold conversations.The ability to interact is crucial for robots that will one day work closely with humans says robotics professor ChrisAtkeson. “ This will require robots to understand what you say and how you are feeling and respond with appropriate emotions, ” he told WR News.Japanese scientist Minoru Asada agrees. He is building a robot called CB2 that acts like a real baby. “ Right now, it only goes, ̒Ah, ah. ̓But as we develop its learning function, it will start saying more complex sentences and moving on its own, ” Asada says. “ Next-generation robots need to be able to learn and develop by themselves.”Intelligent robot will become more important in the future, as populations age and the number of human workers declines in many countries. “ We’re going to have many more old people and not enough young people to care for them,” says robot researcher Matthew Mason. “ Technology can help the old people live at home longer, instead of going to nursing homes.”12. According to the passage, what jobs have robots already performed?A. Giving advice, answering customer questions and planning events.B. Producing factory goods, building cars and greeting customers.C. Greeting customers, producing factory goods and performing surgery.D. Building cars, driving passengers and providing directions.13. The second paragraph in this passage is mainly about?A. To explain how a robot works.B. To define what a robot is.C. To describe the functions of modern robots.D. To predict the future uses of robots.14. How does the Kansei robot react on the word “fire”?A. Use languages to warn nearby humans.B Back up its memory files.C. Activate an automatic fire alarm.D. Produce a worried look on his face.15. In Asada’s opinion, the next step for robots will be to develop_______.A. the ability to learn independentlyB. the ability to understand human commandsC. the capacity to interact with humansD. the willingness to work together第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
【语文】【高三】南京盐城20192020学年度一模语文调研试卷(含作文解析及范文)
南京市、盐城市2020届高三年级第一次模拟考试语文|试题一、语言文字运用(12分)1.在下面一段文字的横线处填入词语,最恰当的一项是(3分)我读着海,海是古老的书籍,古老得▲世界皱着眉头在钻研着海的学问寒武纪发生过怎样惊天动地的沧桑浮沉?奥陶纪和志留纪发生过怎样▲的生存死灭?海里有机界的演化有过怎样▲的革命的飞跃?A.不可理喻动人心弦波澜壮阔B.不可理喻动人心魄波谲云诡C.不可思议动人心弦波谲云诡D.不可思议动人心魄波澜壮阔2.在下面一段文字横线处填入语句,衔接最恰当的一项是(3分)我发现,山上之松与山下之松绝不一样。
▲、▲、▲、▲、▲、▲为此,它们才有着如此非凡的性格与精神。
①而这些山顶上的绝壁松却是枝干瘦硬,树叶黑绿,矫健又强悍。
②这一代代艰辛的生存记忆,已经化为基因潜入绝壁松的骨头里。
③它虬劲和富于弹性的树干,是长期与风雨搏斗的结果④那些密密实实拥挤在温暖的山谷中的松树,枝肥叶鲜,慵懒而富态。
⑤它远远地伸出的枝叶是为了更多地吸取阳光。
⑥这绝壁之松是被恶劣凶险的环境强化出的。
A.④①⑥③⑤②B.④⑤①②③⑥C.⑥②③⑤④①D.⑥⑤③④①②3.下列加点词语的意义与其他三项完全不同的一项是(3分)A.惊鱼拨刺燕翩翩,独自江东．．上钓船。
B.即今江表．．尚恬熙,忘却前回饮马时。
C.江左．．风流今有几,逢春不要人憔悴。
D.病骨支离纱帽宽,孤臣万里客江干．．。
4.对下面一段文字主要意思的提炼,最准确的一项是(3分)一群虱子寄生在猪身上,它们认为生活在又硬又长的猪毛中间就像生活在宽广的宫廷和园林里,猪胯、猪乳、猪股等隐蔽的地方是世界上最安全温暖的房屋。
没想到,一天杀猪的到,铺开茅草,点火燎毛,很快,它们和猪同归于尽了。
A.城门失火,殃及池鱼B.人无远虑,必有近忧C.安危相易,祸福相生D.智者千虑,必有一失二、文言文阅读(20分)阅读下面的文言文,完成5~8题太子宾客分司西京谢公墓志铭欧阳修公讳涛,字济之,世居富春。
江苏省各地2019届高三语文5月模拟试卷精选汇编：写作专题
写作专题苏锡常镇5月调研八、写作(70分)21.根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章;文体不限，诗歌除外。
移动互联网和智能手机可以使人随时随地联系，也容易使人与人的交流因习惯用表情符号变得程式化；高铁使李白“千里江陵一日还”的夸张想象变成现实，方便了人们的来往，也容易使人对远行和离别不以为意……科技的发展是增进还是减弱了人与人的情感？江苏省南通、泰州、扬州、徐州、淮安、宿迁、连云港3调试卷八、作文（70分）21.根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章；文体不限，诗歌除外。
节奏，无处不在。
自然界和人类社会都有其节奏。
节奏体现理念，节奏反映时代，节奏蕴含规律。
南京三模八、作文（70 分）21. 根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800 字的文章；文体不限，诗歌除外。
有人说，无限风光在险峰；有人说，寻常巷陌亦风景。
发现风景，欣赏风景，关乎阅历，关乎眼界，关乎胸襟。
21. 根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800 字的文章；文体不限，诗歌除外。
有人说，无限风光在险峰；有人说，寻常巷陌亦风景。
发现风景，欣赏风景，关乎阅历，关乎眼界，关乎胸襟。
【解析】一.材料解读材料共由两句话组成。
“险峰”代表充满危险和荆棘的奇异之地；“寻常巷陌”代表亲切可感的日常。
第一句话陈述了关于“风景”的两种态度：欣赏远方的、奇异的、布满荆棘的美景；欣赏身边的、平常的、唾手可得的美景。
第二句话阐释了产生这两种不同的欣赏态度的原因，分别是阅历、眼界和胸襟。
考生写作时，要有明确的态度，是赞成第一种态度，还是赞成第二种态度，进而可从阅历、眼界、胸襟等方面去分析原因和结果。
二．立意（一）无限风光在险峰。
出自毛泽东《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》——暮色苍茫看劲松，乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，无限风光在险峰。
无限风光在险峻的山峰之上，蕴含很深的哲理：越不为人所知的地方才是最美丽的所在。
2019-2020学年南京外国语学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年南京外国语学校高三英语一模试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOne day when I was 12, my mother gave me an order: I was to walk to the public library, and borrow at least one book for the summer. This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem inability to read.In the library,I found my way into the "Children's Room." I sat down on the floor and pulled a few books off the shelf at random. The cover of a book caught my eye. It presented a picture of a beagle. I had recently had a beagle, the first and only animal companion I ever had as a child. He was my secret sharer, but one morning, he was gone, given away to someone who had the space and the money to care for him. I never forgot my beagle. Without opening the book—Amos, the Beagle with a Plan ,1 borrowed it from the library for the summer.Under the shade of a bush, I started to read about Amos. I read very, very slowly with difficulty. Though pages were turned slowly, I got the main idea of the story about a dog who, like mine, had been separated from his family and who finally found his way back home. That dog was my dog, and I was the little boy in the book. At the end of the story, my mind continued the final scene of reunion, on and on, until my own lost dog and I were, in my mind, running together.My mother's call returned me to the real world. I suddenly realized something: I had read a book, and I had loved reading that book.I never told my mother about my “miraculous” experience that summer, but she saw a slow but remarkable improvement in my classroom performance during the next year. And years later ,she was proud that her son had read thousands of books, was awarded a PhD in literature, and authored his own books, articles, poetry and fiction. The power of the words has held.1. The author's mother told him to borrow a book in order to ________.A. let him spend a meaningful summerB. encourage him to do more walkingC. help cure him of his reading problemD. make him learn more about weapons2. The book caught the author's eye because .A. it reminded him of his own dogB. he found its title easy to understandC. it contained pretty pictures of animalsD. he liked children's stories very much3. Which one could be the best title of the passage?A. Mum's Strict Order.B. My Passion forReading.C. Reunion with My Beagle.D. The Charm of a Book.BWhen I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboat man. We had temporary ambitions of other sorts, but they were only temporary.My father was a justice of the peace, and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing；butthe desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. One of our boys in town, who went away and was not heard of for-a long time, turned up as apprentice engineer on a steamboat. This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sunday—school teachings. That boy was notoriously worldly, and I was just the opposite. There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty nail to scrub while his boat stopped at our town, and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him. And wherever his boat was laid up he would come home and show off in the town in his blackest and greasiest clothes, so that nobody could help remembering that he was a steamboat man; and he used all sorts of steamboat technical terms in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them.This creature's career could produce but one result, and it was speedily followed. Boy after boy managed to get on the river. Despite many choices, pilot was the grandest position of all. The pilot, even in those days of trivial wages, had a princely salary—from 150—250 dollars a month, and no board payment.But our parents would not let us and our worry was the next year would find us hunting for jobs with low pay again. So by and by I ran away. I said I never would come home again till I was a pilot and could come in glory.4. Why does the writer mention his father's job in Paragraph 2?A. To show that his father was in power.B. To show that his father is cruel.C. To emphasize the job he prefers.D. To emphasize his love for his father.5. Which of the following can best conclude the writer's attitude toward the boy?A. He thought the boy was material but pitiful.B. He thought the boy was annoying but still envied him.C. He thought the boy was shallow but knowledgeable.D. He thought the boy was disrespectful but still liked him.6. Which of the following statements is Not True?A. The boy talked in a way to make others feel jealous.B. The boy's experience made other boys follow suit.C. The pilot's salary was ly high but without meals covered.D. The writer was ambitious to make his childhood dream come true.7. What rhetorical method does the underlined sentence have?A. Simile.B. Personification.C. Parallelism.D. Irony.CIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and math?It hasbeen suggested that girls do not take math courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine (女性的) and attractive (有魅力的).However, there are still more high-achieving boys than girls when taking math exams. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who gave answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of math and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and math and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many math and science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.8. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?A. To find differences between boys and girls.B. To explain the poor performance of girls.C. To ask readers a question.D. To introduce the topic.9. The text mainly discusses ________ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in scientific achievements.A. biologicalB. personalC. socialD. historical10. What does the text say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not offer answers to them.B. They started learning math at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in math.11. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boysDThere are 195 countries in the world today but almost none of them have purple on their national flag. So what’s wrong with purple? It’s such a popular color1 today. Why would no country use it in their flag? The answer is really quite simple. Purple was just for too expensive.The color1 purple has been associated with royalty power and wealth for centuries. Queen Elizabeth I forbade anyone except close members of the royal family to wear it. Purple’s high status comes from the rarity and cost of the dye (染料)originally used to produce it. Fabric traders got the dye from a small sea snail (海螺)that was only found in the Tyre region of the Mediterranean. More than 10,000 snails were needed to create just one gram of purple; not to mention a lot of work went into producing the dye, which made purple dye so expensive.Since only wealthy rulers could afford to buy and wear the color1 , it became associated with the royal family. Sometimes, however, the dye was too expensive even for royalty. Third century Roman Emperor Aurelio famously wouldn’t allow his wife to buy a scarf made from purple silk because it cost three times its weight in gold. A single pound of dye cost three pounds of gold, which equals 56,000 dollars today. Therefore, even the richest countries couldn’t spend that much having purple on their flags.The dye became more accessible to lower-class about a century and a half ago. In 1856, 18-year-old English chemist William Henry Perkin accidentally created a man-made purple compound (化合物)while attemptingtoproduce an anti-malaria drug. He noticed that the compound could be used to dye fabrics, so he patented the dye, manufactured it and got rich. Purple dye was then mass-produced so everybody could afford it.Till now, a handful of new national flags have been designed and a few of them have chosen to use purple in their flag. So don’t be making any bets just yet.12. Why was color1 purple expensive in the past?A. Because only royal families were allowed to wear purple.B. Because it took a long time to get purple dye from gold.C. Because purple was worth as much as its weight in gold.D. Because purple dye used to be rare and hard to produce.13. Why did Roman Emperor Aurelio forbid his wife to buy a purple scarf?A. Because of poor quality.B. Because of long tradition.C. Because of bad taste.D. Because of high price.14. What is purple's situation now?A. Purple has been widely used on national flags.B. Purple dye is now affordable to ordinary people.C. Royal family stop using purple because it’s toocommon.D. Fewer snails are used to produce purple dye than before.15. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. No Purple Flags?B. Purple vs GoldC. How to Produce Purple Dye?D. The Birth of Purple Color第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
南京、盐城2019年高三第一次调研考试佳作展评_高三作文.doc
南京、盐城2019年高三第一次调研考试佳作展评_高三作文南京市、盐城市2013届高三第一次调研考试佳作展评邱冬梅文题阅读下面材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字文章。
（70分）牛顿曾这样评价自己：我不知道在别人看来，我是什么样人；但在我自己看来，我不过就像是一个在海滨玩耍小孩，为不时发现比寻常更为光滑一块卵石或比寻常更为美丽一片贝壳而沾沾自喜，而对于展现在我面前浩瀚真理海洋，却全然没有发现。
要求选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题；不要脱离材料内容及含意范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。
题意解读文题中所引材料是牛顿在临终前对守候在他病床前朋友讲一段话。
这段话主体是牛顿对自己评价，冒号后面是评价具体内容。
评价具体内容分为两个层次，一层是他自己不知道别人怎样评价他自己，这层略说；一层是他自己对自己评价，这层详说。
有趣是，牛顿对自己评价，没有用直白简明话说出来，而是用了一串比喻，以形象语言来表述。
牛顿对自己评价也可以再细分为两个小层次：首先牛顿认为他“就像是一个在海滨玩耍小孩”，不仅仅是小孩，而且是在玩耍小孩，即便玩耍也没到“大海”里，仅在海滨而已。
主要信息有“小孩、玩耍、海滨”等。
其次是牛顿谈自己在科学上所作贡献，这里又用了一个对比句，自己发现仅是“比寻常更为光滑一块卵石或比寻常更为美丽一片贝壳”，却全然没有发现“展现在我面前浩瀚真理海洋”。
主要信息有“发现、卵石（贝壳）、海洋”等。
简言之，牛顿认为自己仅是一个海滨玩耍小孩，只发现了更光滑卵石或更美丽贝壳，却没有发现真理海洋。
从不同角度和不同层次看，材料中有这样一些关键词可引发思考：1．评价（评价别人、评价自己）——评价标准要客观、公正、科学、辩证、实事求是。
【参考题目】从牛顿感叹说起2．小孩（而非“巨人”）——谦逊是一种美德；——正确认识与评价自己；——品质与贡献；——大师境界。
【参考题目】永做拾贝壳小男孩；谦逊是一种美德；正确看待自己；大师境界；眼界。
江苏省各地2019届高三语文5月模拟试卷精选汇编：写作专题
写作专题苏锡常镇5月调研八、写作(70分)21.根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章;文体不限，诗歌除外。
移动互联网和智能手机可以使人随时随地联系，也容易使人与人的交流因习惯用表情符号变得程式化；高铁使李白“千里江陵一日还”的夸张想象变成现实，方便了人们的来往，也容易使人对远行和离别不以为意……科技的发展是增进还是减弱了人与人的情感？江苏省南通、泰州、扬州、徐州、淮安、宿迁、连云港3调试卷八、作文（70分）21.根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章；文体不限，诗歌除外。
节奏，无处不在。
自然界和人类社会都有其节奏。
节奏体现理念，节奏反映时代，节奏蕴含规律。
南京三模八、作文（70 分）21. 根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800 字的文章；文体不限，诗歌除外。
有人说，无限风光在险峰；有人说，寻常巷陌亦风景。
发现风景，欣赏风景，关乎阅历，关乎眼界，关乎胸襟。
21. 根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800 字的文章；文体不限，诗歌除外。
有人说，无限风光在险峰；有人说，寻常巷陌亦风景。
发现风景，欣赏风景，关乎阅历，关乎眼界，关乎胸襟。
【解析】一.材料解读材料共由两句话组成。
“险峰”代表充满危险和荆棘的奇异之地；“寻常巷陌”代表亲切可感的日常。
第一句话陈述了关于“风景”的两种态度：欣赏远方的、奇异的、布满荆棘的美景；欣赏身边的、平常的、唾手可得的美景。
第二句话阐释了产生这两种不同的欣赏态度的原因，分别是阅历、眼界和胸襟。
考生写作时，要有明确的态度，是赞成第一种态度，还是赞成第二种态度，进而可从阅历、眼界、胸襟等方面去分析原因和结果。
二．立意（一）无限风光在险峰。
出自毛泽东《为李进同志题所摄庐山仙人洞照》——暮色苍茫看劲松，乱云飞渡仍从容。
天生一个仙人洞，无限风光在险峰。
无限风光在险峻的山峰之上，蕴含很深的哲理：越不为人所知的地方才是最美丽的所在。
2019南京市高三英语一模
南京市2019届高三英语一模试卷2019.01一、单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)21. The health of garden plants depends on the soil ______ --- the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air and water.A. constructionB. conservationC. corporationD. composition22. Last December China _____ 100 Chinese and 10 foreigners for their outstanding contributions to the country’s reform and opening-up.A. distinguishedB. sponsoredC. acknowledgedD. evaluated23. Her doctor indicated that even adding a (n) _____ amount of daily exercise would dramatically improve her health.A. modestB. equalC. considerableD. exact24. Computer-controlled robots are taking over jobs in many industries, which used to be done ______.A. artificiallyB. manuallyC. comprehensivelyD. gradually25. ______ clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.A. On top ofB. In the silence ofC. On account ofD. In the absence of26. A scientist’s attempt to produce the world’s first gene-edited babies ______ are immune to HIV has sparked controversy in academia and the public.A. asB. whoC. whomD. whose27. Never turn down a job because you think it is too small. You don’t know ______ it can lead.A. howB. whereC. whetherD. what28. --- I don’t understand why Catherine stopped short ______ she ought to have continued.--- It’s obvious that she lacked self- confidence.A. whenB. whileC. ifD. as29. Guangdong province rolled out new guidelines, ______ offensive nicknames and online violence as school bullying.A. definingB. definedC. to defineD. having defined30. It is almost five years since Jimmy taught high school students and he ______ as an interpreter in a foreign enterprise.A. severedB. had servedC. is servingD. would serve31. --- We found a buyer for our house, but then the sale ______.--- Why not promote it by posting an advertisement online?A. fell throughB. got throughC. cleared upD. looked up32. Pele had bags of natural talent, but he ______ without the determination to deal with all the problems life through in the path.A. would never succeedB. never succeedC. would have never succeedD. had never succeed33. He was still full of optimism for the future despite many problems, and never once ______ him get worried or upset.A. I sawB.I would seeC. did I seeD. would I see34. I was telling a joke and Sam just interrupted me to tell a different one. He always ______!A. bites his tongueB. saves his skinC. steals my thunderD. pulls my leg35. --- I’ve heard a lot about you. You got promoted, right? ______.--- Many thinks.A. Good for youB. You asked for itC. There you areD. You’ve gone too far.二、完型填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)I first started writing in the summer of 1998. Back then I was a teacher. After years of dreaming, I decided it was finally time to write a book. For 10 years I wrote, ___36___ four middle-grade novels and six picture books almost only to editors. This was ___37___ in the snail-mail age. Remember the ___38___ you experienced as a child waiting for birthday presents to arrive in the mail? That was me for the better part of a decade.In Spring 2009, at the last minute, I decided to hand in a middle-grade historical novel-in-verse to a ___39___ at a local writing conference. I knew in my heart that it was my ___40___work, but I wasn't sure how it would be ___41___ alongside pieces meant for the adult market. But then—I won. My prize ___42___ a one-on-one interview with an editor who, after ___43___ my manuscript, asked, "Why don't you have a(n) ___44___ yet?"Not long after that, I ___45___ with my first agent. Then in 2013, after parting with my first agent, I was again faced with the ___46___ for representation. This time I submitted to three agencies and got two ___47___. Over the span of 20 years, I've got 18 completed manuscripts and was ___48___ almost 350 times. It took me 14 years to see my first book ___49___ the shelf. You could look at these numbers and get pretty ___50___. I can look at these numbers and feel the same. I know plenty of people with a ___51___ apprenticeship(学徒期). I have friends who have been more ___52___. All sorts of authors I ___53___ with in 2012 have published far more than I have. But here's the ___54___ thing I’ve learned in the last 20 years: My process is mine. My journey is mine. Each book finds its way on its own.The writing life is a long-term journey. There is no right way. There is no ___55___ fix. There is no easy road. There is a lot of frustration and disappointment, but there is joy and satisfaction, too.36. A. submitting B. lending C. Keeping D. presenting37. A. soon B. back C. already D. later38. A. appreciation B. entertainment C. anticipation D. embarrassment39. A. publisher B. newspaper C. reception D. competition40. A initial B. casual C. innovative D. subjective41. A. criticized B. processed C. received D. distributed42. A. followed B. included C. ensured D. confirmed43. A correcting B. polishing C. monitoring D. reviewing44. A. agent B. client C. instructor D. fan45. A. signed B. bargained C. dealt D. reasoned46. A. excuse B. affection C. hunt D. request47. A. offers B. substitutions C. professions D. complaints48. A. registered B rejected C. defeated D. deserted49. A. under B. beside C. off D. on50. A amused B. inspired C. touched D. frustrated51. A. longer B. heavier C. shorter D. newer52. A. famous B. intelligent C. enthusiastic D. productive53. A. debated B. mixed C. cooperated D. disagreed54. A. key B. handy C. funny D. lively55. A. temporary B. quick C. possible D. flexible三、阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)A56. Which company name has a close relationship with literature?A. Google.B. CadillacC. StarbucksD. Rolex.57. Which of the following statements is True?A. Google was adopted because “googol” was not available then.B. Cadillac was named after the founding father of the company.C. Starbucks was used due to the co-founder’s love for his town.D. Hans Wilsdorf intended Rolex to be universally accepted.BIf you could travel back in time five centuries, you’d encounter a freshly painted “Mona Lisa” in Renaissance Europe and cooler temperatures across the Northern Hemisphere. This was a world in the midst of the Little Ice Age and a period of vast European exploration now known as the Age of Discovery.But what if we could look 500 years into the future and glimpse the Earth of the 26th century? Would the world seem as different to us as the 21st century would have seemed to residents of the 16th century? For starters, what will the weather be like?Depending on whom you ask, the 26th century will either be a little chilly or extremely hot. Some solar output models suggest that by the 2500s, Earth’s climate will have cooled back down to near Little Ice Age conditions. Other studies predict that ongoing climate change and fossil fuel use will leave much of the planet too hot for human life by 2300. Some experts date the beginning of human climate change back to the Industrial Revolution in the 1800s, others to slash-and-burn agricultural practices in prehistoric times. Either way, tool-wielding humans alter their environment ---and our 26th century tools might be quite impressive indeed.Theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku predicts that in a mere 100 years, humanity will make the leap from a type zero civilization to a type I civilization on the Kardashev Scale. In other words, we’ll become a species that can use the entire sum of a planet’s energy, mastering clean energy technologies such as fusion and solar power. Furthermore, they’ll be able to handle planetary energy in order to control global climate.Technology has improved significantly since the 1500s, and this pace will likely continue in the centuries to come. Physicist Stephen Hawking proposes that by the year 2600, this growth would see 10 new theoretical physics papers published every 10 seconds. If Moore’s Law holds true and both computer speed and complexity double every 18 months, then some of these studies may be the work of highly intelligent machines.What other technologies will shape the world of the 26th century? Futurist and author Adrian Berry believes the average human life span will reach 140 years and that the digital storage of human personalities will enable a computerized state of living forever. Humans will farm the oceans, travel in starships and reside in both lunar and Martian colonies while robots explore the outer cosmos.58. Why does the author mention the Little Ice Age in the first paragraph?A. To show the severity of the current global warming.B. To stress the close connection with the current climate.C. To provide contrast to the prediction of future climate.D. To illustrate the importance of protecting the environment.59. The prediction that Earth will cool down is based on ________.A. changes in solar activityB. ongoing climate changeC. previous general assumptionsD. current consumption of fossil fuel60. What effect will the 26th century technologies have on human beings?A. Humans will suffer from severe global warming.B. Cyber technology helps human personalities survive.C. Humans needn't work with the application of robots.D. Highly intelligent machines will replace humans.CHow would you describe your style? Formal? Classical? Casual? Smart? First of all, what is style? Let's hear a few words of wisdom from the wise. "Style is knowing who you are and what you want to say," (Gore Vidal); "Style is an expression of individualism mixed with charm," (John Fairchild); "Style is the perfection of a point of view," (Robert Eberhart); "Style is a simple way of saying complicated things," (Jean Cocteau);“Style is the dress of thoughts," (Lord Chesterfield).So, now you know what style is, you'll need to buy some clothes. But where? In the UK, you can get really cheap, stylish, second-hand clothes at charity shops. They're great if you want exclusive labels but don't want to pay the price. The only difficulty is discovering where the reallygood bargains are. But don't worry, Leila Gray can help you here. She's the proud owner of a vintage Hardy Amies coat, picked up at a charity shop for £20---a good deal when you realize it cost more than £800 new." You have to go to the richer areas of a city," she says. "That's where all the labels are. It can take a bit of hunting around, but that is half the fun, and there's a lot of buried treasure just waiting to be discovered."So, now you know where to buy your new, stylish clothes, how do you acquire your style? Experts say that mixing and matching from charity shops can help you find your own style---something that's really you. That's what Scottish musician Momus did. "My fashion tip is this," he says, “look at yourself with the eye of a graphic designer. If you can't be attractive, aim for‘interesting’ or‘original’." Momus' unique style could even make him happier, too. As psychologist Marilyn Elias explains, the happiest people "judge themselves by their own yardsticks, never against what others do or have".Shoichi Aoki, the founder of Japanese street style magazine FRUiTS, agrees. “I think real fashion is what people wear on the streets, the clothes that they wear, the way that they wear them,” he says.“What you see in fashion magazines and on models has been styled and it’s more commercial.”He says that his inspiration for FRUiTS came from people combining traditional Japanese clothing such as the kimono and “geta” (Japanese wooden clogs) with Western fashion. “This really caught my eye,” Aoki adds. These styles may seem wild, but Aoki’s idea is not: be bold, be creative and find something that suits you.Maybe it’s time to create your own look. There are many online guides to help you. Perhaps the best advice comes from a website called wikiHow,“If you see something you like,”it says, “feel free to copy, but don’t make yourself a clone... mix it up and make it yours.” Think about it!61. What should you first do to choose the style that best suits you?。
南京市、盐城市2019届第一次模拟考试高三英语(2019.1)每道题的点评
南京市、盐城市2019届第一次模拟考试高三英语（2019.1）每道题的点评龚露老师（GLEnglishSZ）单选单选题目考察比较多的为词汇量和俗词习语的表达，难度适中，较难的题目为第30,32,35题，同时基础语法点，还有句型it is five years since....。
同时，单选一如既往地时事性非常强。
答案：21-25 DCABD 26-30 BAAAC 31-35 ACCCA解析：第21题选D ，花园植物的健康依赖于土壤的成分——矿物成分、有氧物质、空气，和水，A：建筑；B：保护；C：合作；D：组成成分，应选择D第22题选C，上个十一月中国政府表扬了100个中国人和10个外国人，因为他们在国家的改革开放中做出了巨大的贡献。
A：与众不同，区别于；B：赞助；C：表扬，鸣谢；D：评价，估价。
应选择C第23题选A，她的医生暗示说只要加上一点点稍微的日常运动都将会大大改善她的身体健康状况。
A:稍微的，适当的；B：相等的，平均的；C：相当多的；D：确切的应选择A第24题选B，计算机控制的机器人正在很多的工业领域占据工作岗位，这些工作岗位在以前都是手工体力完成的。
A：人造地；B：体力地；C：包括地；D：渐渐地第25题选D，没有清晰的目标我们会渐渐地变得忠诚于每天完成日常的工作而最终变成他们的奴隶 A:除了。
之外；C：由于，基于；D：缺少... 应选择D第26题选A，一个科学家努力生产出世界上第一批基因编辑的婴儿，这些婴儿对于HIV病毒免疫，这件事情在学术界引起了广泛激烈的讨论，who后面做定语从句修饰前面的first gene-edited babies，应选择A第27题选B，你不知道这份工作将会指引你到哪儿去，where做宾语从句，应选择B第28题选A，我不理解为什么Catherine会停下来当她本能够继续的时候，when 表示当。
的时候，还要。
应选择B第29题选A,广东省出台了相关的条例，将冒犯性的昵称以及网上暴力定义为校园霸凌，后面作为定语从句，说明条例中讲述的内容，补充说明用defining，选择A第30题选C，自从Jimmy不在高中教书将近五年了，现在他在一家外国的公司当翻译，当翻译是现在的事情，应选择C第31题选A，我们找到了一个买家，但之后生意黄了 A，失败，破灭，生意黄了 B，穿过，完成；读完，用完 C，清理；治疗；（天空）放晴 D，向上看；查找应选择A第32题选C, Pele有很多天赋，但如果没有解决困难的勇气，他将永远不会成功，这是对过去的虚拟，用would have done，所以应选择C第33题选C，他仍然还是充满了乐观的心态，并且我从来都没有看到他担心或者失望过，采用过去式，never once后面的句子应该采用部分倒装，应选择C第34题选C，我正在讲一个笑话的时候，Sam突然插进来讲了另外一个不同的笑话，他总是爱出风头！A，保持沉默 B，保全性命 C，抢风头 D，开玩笑，应选择C第35题选A -我听说了你升职了是吗？你真的是了不起呀！-谢谢！A，真是了不起 B，自讨苦吃 C，你要的东西来啦；原来你在这儿呀 D，你太过分了应选择A作者从自己写出到出版的经历领悟到写作是一个漫长的旅程，没有捷径可走，过程中会有挫折与不满，但是也交织着喜悦与满足。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
南京2019届高三一模：眼界Vs.幸福感，孰轻孰重？
【真题回放】
根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章，文体不限，诗歌除外。
（70分）
有人说，人的视野小了，容易知足，幸福感就随之增强；也有人说，人的视野小了，格局就
会小，人生之路越走越窄，幸福感就随之下降。
【审题解析】
本题是一篇多则辩证式的材料作文，根据对材料的把握和理解，我们不难发现材料的中心是
在说“视野”，材料中对人们的视野角度做了辩证的诠释。一种是视野小了容易满足和获得
成就感，一种是视野小了，格局就会小，人生之路越走越窄，幸福感就随之下降。考生要注
意从两个辩证的话题中选择一种进行立意。从第一种理解可以立意为：视野变小容易满足、
视野大小决定成就感。从第二种理解可以立意为：视野决定高度、视野成就人生、大视野大
气魄。以上角度都可以是学生写作立意的角度。在写作的时候要注意结合自身生活，分析的
时候要结合现实社会中的现象，这样作文才能内容深刻有一定的高度。
01.提炼两个说法的相同之处，以锁定材料话题
本材料把两种说法组织成相同的句式，相较过去“青春”“健康”等题直接引用长短不一的
名人名言，更容易凸显观点的异同。“视野”和“幸福感”是两个说法共有的关键词。所以
本材料要我们讨论的话题，是人的视野与幸福感的关系。
“视野”，原指眼睛所能看见的范围，比喻观察和认识的领域。注意，“能看见”和“观察”
不代表获得，甚至有别于看清或了解。所以，视野更多是一种发现的可能性，与实际的所得
之间有巨大的差距。正是这个空间，提供了我们施展逻辑的余地。
再来说“幸福感”。本来，“幸福”就没有一个客观、统一的标准，再加一个定位于心理感受
的“感”字，更强调了其主观特性。所以，写作本题时首先需要明确的可能是对“幸福”的
定义和对“幸福感”形成原理的认识。推敲材料中的两个说法，可以发现其分歧的本质就是
对“幸福”的理解。
02.分析两个说法的不同之处，以理解观点分歧
两个说法不仅提出了不同的观点，也给出了各自的论证思路。理解两者思路，择其一作为文
章观点写作，即可成文。如能比较两者论证思路上的不同，在作文时一破一立，文章会更具
论辩性。如果能就其分歧再作发掘，那会是充满思辨的好文章。
说法一是用“知足”来作为“视野小”和“幸福感强”的逻辑连接，这近乎《逍遥游》对斥
鴳的表现。
说法二是推导了“视野小——格局小——人生路窄——幸福感弱”的逻辑链条。“格局”虽
然仍是一个内化概念，但已具备了物化实体性，“人生路”则纯属实践层面的概念。
所以，两个说法的本质分歧，在于对“幸福”的认识。前者把“幸福感”理解为内在心理感
受，后者把“幸福感”理解为外在物质占有；前者重视当下的情感状态，后者重视未来的发
展空间；前者认为“幸福感”可由主观调试，后者认为“幸福感”必受客观约束。
03.思考两个说法的空白之处，以寻求立意突破
虽然材料讨论的是“视野”和“幸福感”的关系，但在表述上并没有涉及“视野大”的情况。
我们当然可以认为材料是在表达两组互逆定理，即材料中两个说法的逆命题也成立：
命题1：人的视野小了，容易知足，幸福感就随之增强。
逆命题1：人的视野大了，不容易知足，幸福感就随之减弱。
命题2：人的视野小了，格局就会小，人生之路越走越窄，幸福感就随之下降。
逆命题2：人的视野大了，格局就会大，人生之路越走越宽，幸福感就随之上升。
这样，无论从观点还是论证来说，都与我们前面的分析没有差别。但是，视野和幸福感是否
是简单的正相关或负相关一次函数关系呢？视野大了，更加懂得万事万物局限的必然存在，
会不会更容易知足呢？视野大了，选择多了，路越走越多，会不会反而迷茫而无从行动了呢?
另外，视野小的人是不会知道自己视野小的。所以这个材料本身采取的就是一种拥有大视野
者观察小视野者的姿态。于是问题来了：“子非鱼，安知鱼之乐？”不过，与其说大视野者
在判断小视野者幸福感的强弱，不如说他们在对自己的幸福感进行评估，发出感慨，所谓“如
鱼饮水，冷暖自知”。
【佳作范本】
视野决定高度
一考生
打开电视，一句话语响彻入耳：“高度决定视野、角度改变观念、尺度把握人生、思路决定
出路、心胸决定格局……”。感觉很好，不由自主的在脑海中默默地重复了一遍，把它植入
了记忆。随即的回读，觉得很富有哲理!如此简练、精确，只用三三两两的几个文字就能把
玄妙的思想完美地呈现了出来，令人耳目一新。其实，闪光的不是文字本身，而是写文字人
的思想，它滋润的不是人的眼睛，而是人的心灵！
高度决定视野。一般人都知道，站的越高看得越远，这是恒古不变的真理，站在不同的高度，
其视野肯定是不一样的，视野之阔窄，直接会导致结果的不同，欲想站到高处，必须勇敢地
抬起脚步，从山脚下披荆斩棘，攀登而上，无论遇到怎样的坎坷羁绊、艰难险阻，决不回头，
“只有那些不畏艰难，沿着崎岖山路攀登的人，才能达到希望的顶点”。
角度改变观念。从不同角度、不同侧面去看待一件事或一个人，往往会有与过去截然不同的
感受和认识，从而修正自己对某件事或某个人在感受和认识上的偏差，这对调整自己的心态，
对自己处世观的把握，对自己人生轨迹的选择大有益处。当你面对缺憾心中愁苦时，当你的
思想被桎梏时，不妨迈动智慧的双脚走一走，换个角度，观念就会有所改变，就会收到“柳
暗花明又一村”的意外惊喜。换个角度看人生是一种明智的选择。
尺度把握人生。人生，其实是门艺术，这里，最讲究的是度的把握，真理与谬误往往一墙之
隔，做任何事情，能把握好尺度，在生活中则能左右逢源，否则只能四面楚歌。也就是说做
人、做事，惟有能恰当把握好尺度者，其人生才会更顺畅如意，丰富多彩，有滋有味。高度、
角度和尺度，三者紧密相关、相辅相成。站好高度，前途无量;换个角度，海阔天空;把握尺
度，左右逢源!
在生活中，人们处在不同的位置往下看，很不容易看清真相，其根本原因就是角度的错位，
影响了高度的定位，哪怕在一个很高的位置，也会欠缺高度。由此，角度是个非常重要的切
入点，之所以有万物之分、之所以有万念之说、之所以有万般情爱、之所以有万般仇恨，都
跟你所站的位置和认知的角度有关，别以为你有两条腿，就觉得这很容易，很多问题都是因
为你有两条腿不懂得“角度”而滋生了……
在人类甚是浩瀚的历时长河中，总有璀璨夺目之事物映入你的眼球，不知道你有没有想过，
这是为什么？我认为“角度”两个字很关键，就如看一本书，用历史的眼光打量下去，你会
觉得这一切不过是过眼云烟，用文学的眼光看下去，你会觉得这一切是那么引人遐想……
【教师下水作文】
何须窥得丧，且望天涯路
文|丁老师
何为幸福？“所得”除以“所欲”耳。窃以为这一公式恰好与材料中的两个“视野”之词逐
一对应。“所欲”对应的是前一“视野”，它更关注自身欲望，欲望越小，便更易知足；“所
得”对应的是后一“视野”，它更关注人生追求，追求越高，人生之陌才能越走越宽。人们
通过追求取得的收获越多，同时欲望越少，便更容易拥有幸福感。因此，请允许我谈一谈：
何须窥得丧，且望天涯路。
减少欲望，莫窥得丧，方能知足常乐，拥抱幸福。弘一法师说：“贪欲之人，无有厌足。”欲
望似毒，一旦入骨，便易不断膨胀，吞噬万物。只有将视野所及的个人得失看得淡一些、少
一些，懂得知足，才能常怀幸福。正如魏晋名士嵇康，当挚友山涛欲邀其入仕时，对功名不
持贪欲的他写下了《与山巨源绝交书》，只愿随性山林，饮酒啸傲。与之相对，初唐诗匠宋
之问则因欲望过多而汲汲名利，不断钻营，最终身死人手，为天下笑。当“目送归鸿”千年
传唱，当“近乡情更怯”只遗绝响，我知道，只有注目一己得失的视野小了，幸福才会排闼
而来。
追求高远，望天涯路，方能拓宽格局，拥抱幸福。目光停驻之处，定是心之所向，只有在西
风碧树中独上高楼，将视野落向值得追求的天涯尽处，我们的人生才能格局宽阔，展现价值。
要像南仁东一般，将视野拓向宇宙真知，才能廿二春秋栉风沐雨，令窝凼洼谷醒天眼；要像
黄大发一般，将视野拓向黎民苍生，才能卅六寒暑筚路蓝缕，换绝危崖通涓流；要像林俊德
一般，将视野拓向家国民族，才能五十星霜深藏功名，教瀚海黄沙腾核云。我相信，当我们
将视野投向真理、人民、国家之时，我们的人生之河才会越来越波澜壮阔，奔流澎湃。
揆诸现实，对于我们当代青年人来说，更应将减少欲望与追求高远二者兼顾。一方面，不当
北大钱理群教授口中的只将视野落向私利、“何厌之有”的“精致的利己主义者”，而要降低
私欲，知足常乐。另一方面，要在确立人生追求之时让视野扩展到对社会、时代有益的天地
中去。只有这样，才能真正获得幸福，毕竟，追求是追求者的通行证，贪婪是贪婪者的墓志
铭。
庄子云：“人生天地之间，若白驹过隙，忽然而已。”我们一生的时光仅是造物主的短暂恩赐，
那在这忽如远行客的飘忽岁月中，又何必让视野中只有欲望、没有追求呢？而我，则愿意在
自己的平凡的命途中，知足知止，不胀私欲；追求理想，不仄格局，最终让人生之旅山长水
阔，幸福花繁。
既有天涯堪瞩眄，何须得丧入眸光。