七年级英语语法归纳

七年级英语语法归纳

（一）be动词。

1、be动词概说。(包括am, are, is)

be ①连系动词，本身有词义“是”，在句子中和其后的表语一起构成谓语。

e.g. I am tall.(表语)

②助动词，无词义。e.g. He is playing football.

2、be动词的用法。

am → 主语是单数第一人称（即I）。e.g. I am…

are → 单数第二人称及所有复数。e.g. You are… The coats are…

is → 单数第三人称及不可数名词。e.g. Your father is… The money is…

3、否定句式（即改否定句）：在be动词之后+not, 句子其它部位不变。

e.g. He is not a teacher.

4、缩写形式。

①主语+be，缩写be第一个字母为’，再与主语合并。e.g. you are → you’re Jack is → Jack’s

②be+not否定形式的缩写，缩写not中“o”为’, 再与be合并。 e.g. is not→isn’t are not→aren’t

③不能缩写的情况：this is, these are, those are, am not及缩略的肯定回答。

e.g. Yes, I am. (I’m 误)

5、含be动词句子的疑问句型转换。

①一般疑问句：将be动词提前，其它照抄不变，最后+？，读升调。（一般第一人称改为第二人称）

e.g. The man in the car is her father. → Is the man in the car her father?

I’m a middle school student. → Are you a m iddle school student?

②一般疑问句的肯否定回答。

肯定回答：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答：No, 主语+be+not.

e.g. Is he old? Are you a new student? Is your father at home?

Yes, he is. Yes, I am. Yes, he is.

No, he is not.(isn’t) No, I’m not. No, he is not.(isn’t)

注意：①主语必须用代词回答；②肯定回答不能缩写；③回答第二人称，用第一人称回答。

③特殊疑问句（就划线部分提问）。

1) 方法：将句子被提问(即被划线)的部分改为相对应的疑问词，然后置于句首，接着再将be动词或情态动词提前

(置于疑问词之后)，其它部分照抄不变，最后+？(即疑问词+一般疑问句？)

e.g. The man in a red cap is her brother. → Who is the man in a red cap?

I can sing English songs. → What can you do?

2) 注意：①被提问部分不能再写。

②提问动词(即提问做某事)，在改句子时注意还“do”，表示做什么？

3) 相应的疑问词。

1. 事物→ what e.g. That is a cat. → What is that?

2. 地点→ where He is at home? → Where is he?

3. 人→ who The man is his father. → Who is the man?

4. 谁的→ whose The coat is his. → Whose is the coat?

（提问名词性物主代词whose后不用带物）

That is Jack’s ball. → Whose ball is that?

（提问形容词性物主代词whose后要带物或人）

5. 怎样(程度，方式) → how She’s fine. → How is she?

He can go to school by bus. →How can he go to school?

6. 职业→ what My father is a worker. → What is your fath er?

7. 年龄→ how old Our grandpa is 80. → How old is your grandpa?

8. 班级→ what class We are in Class 2, Grade 1. → What class are you in?

9. 数字→ what My phone number is 2212121→What’s your phone number?

10. 哪一个→ which The boy in a blue shirt is Mike.→ Which boy is Mike?

（一般which用来提问定语，并且后要带物或人）

11. 颜色→ what colour His car is yellow. → What colour is his car?

12. 数量→ how many+可数复数名词There are two books on the desk. →

How many books are there on the desk?

how much+不可数名词There is only a little wa ter in the glass. →

How much water is there in the glass?

13. 时间→ what time I can get there at six. → What time can you get there?

when I can go with you on Sunday. → When can you go with me?

14. 价钱→ how much The bag is twenty yuan. → How much is the bag?

（二）代词：

1、代词的形式

第一人称第二人称第三人称

单数复数单数复数单数复数

主格I we you you he she it they

宾格me us you you him her it them

(形)物主代词my our your your his her its their

(名)物主代词mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs

我(的) 我们(的) 你们(的) 你们(的) 他(的) 她(的) 它(的) 他们(的)

2、代词的用法

①动作的发出者，代词用主格，(一般在句首，动词前)。e.g. He often writes to me.

②动作的承受者，代词用宾格，(一般在句末，动词后、介词后)。e.g. Let’s ask him. Let’s play with them.