吴定柏《美国文学大纲》笔记和考研真题详解(现代诗歌)【圣才出品】
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第8章现代诗歌
8.1 复习笔记
Ⅰ. Overview
1. Background
2. Modernism
3. Imagism
(1) Emergence
(2) Major features
(3) Comment
Ⅱ. Ezra Loomis Pound (1885-1972)
1. Life
2. Literary Career
Ⅲ. Thomas Stearns Elliot (1888-1968)
1. Life
2. Literary Career
Ⅳ. Wallace Stevens (1879-1955)
1. Life
2. Literary Career
3. Views of Poetry
4. Major Features
Ⅴ. E. A. Robinson (1869-1935)
1. Life
2. Literary Career
3. Characteristics
Ⅵ. Robert Lee Frost (1874-1963)
1. Life
2. Literary Career
3. Comment
Ⅶ. Contemporary American Poetry
Ⅰ. Overview
1. Background
In the 20th century, two characteristic strains in American poetry are introspection and social criticism. But they were often combined together.
Ⅰ. 概述
1. 背景
20世纪，美国诗歌有两大类型，即内省和社会批判。但是两种类型经常结合在一起。
2. Modernism
(1) Modernism dramatized severance from the past while using the past, its values
and artistic forms in new literary production.
(2) Modernists had a sense of fragmentation in social communities and the individual himself.
(3) The distinctive feature of literary modernism was its strong break with
traditional forms and techniques of expression.
2. 现代主义
(1) 现代主义与过去相隔离，但同时也在新的文学作品中使用过去的观点和艺术形式。
(2) 现代主义者分裂了社会和个人。
(3) 现代主义的特征是它与传统表达形式和技巧是分开的。
3. Imagism
(1) Emergence
Modernism displayed its momentum first in the movement of Imagism as a reaction to Victorian and Edwardian poetry.
3. 意象派
(1) 出现
在意象派的运动中，现代主义最初是对维多利亚时代和爱德华时代的诗歌的反驳。
(2) Major features
①imagism was anti- romantic and anti-Victorian.
②Imagism produced free verse without imposing a rhythmical pattern.
③In a sense, imagism was equivalent to naturalism in fiction.
④Imagism recorded objective observations of an object without comment by the poet.
(2) 主要特点
①意象派是反浪漫主义和反维多利亚主义的。
②意象派产生了自由体诗，没有韵律。
③在某种程度上，意象派与小说中的自然主义对等。
④意象派记录了对一个物体的客观描述，不带有诗人的评论。
(3) Comment
①The most outstanding figures of the movement were Ezra Pound, Amy Lowell, and Hilda Doolittle.
②The second lasting influence of imagism is the form of free verse.
(3) 评价
①意象派运动最突出的人物是埃兹拉·庞德，艾米·洛威尔和希尔达·杜丽特尔。
②意象派最持久的影响是自由体诗。
Ⅱ. Ezra Loomis Pound (1885-1972)
1. Life
Often identified as the father of modern American poetry, he led the experiment in revolutionizing poetry. He wrote 70 books and more than 1,500 articles.
2. Literary Career
Pound was developing his poetic style of clarity and a direct conversational diction.