国际经济学习题集
国际经济学习题(国际金融)
国际经济学习题国际金融部分1.“对于一个国家来说，拥有经常项目盈余总比拥有经常项目赤字要好。
”你是否同意这种说法？请解释。
2.下述哪种交易会导致美国国际收支表中经常项目的盈余？a．波音公司用以物易物的方式，以价值1亿美元的飞机换取了墨西哥在墨西哥海岸的价值1亿美元的旅馆服务。
b．美国从沙特阿拉伯借到1亿美元的长期贷款，并用这一贷款在当年购买对方价值1亿美元的石油。
c．美国向土耳其出售了价值1亿美元的喷气式飞机，得到1亿美元的银行存款。
d．美国政府以纽约银行存款的形式给希腊政府1亿美元的赠与，以便对由土耳其战斗机攻击造成的人员伤害予以补偿。
e．德国中央银行用银行存款德国马克从纽约银行购买了1亿美元的银行存款。
3.你得到如下有关某国某年国际交易的信息：a．计算该国商品贸易、商品和服务，以及经常项目三个项目的余额。
b．官方储备资产（净值）的变动值为多少？该国持有的官方储备资产净值是增加了，还是减少了？4.在某年12月31日，某国对外国人拥有的国际资产和负债存量如下：●该国居民持有由外国政府发行的300亿美元的债券。
●该国中央银行持有作为官方储备资产的200亿美元的黄金和150亿美元的外汇资产。
●外国公司已投资于该国的生产设施，其投资现值为400亿美元。
●外国居民持有由该国公司发行的250亿美元的债务。
a．该国的国际投资头寸是多少？该国为对外债权国还是债务国？b．如果该国在下一年中拥有经常项目盈余，这对该国的国际投资头寸会有何种影响？5.哪些类型的交易或活动可以导致即期外汇市场中对外汇的需求？6.哪些类型的交易或活动可以导致即期外汇市场中对外汇的供给？7.一家美国公司购买了一家日本公司的产品，因而必须向其支付100万日元。
美国公司以美元支票账户开始进行这一支付。
请解释这笔支付将如何进行，包括对即期外汇市场和两国银行的使用。
8.一家英国银行在与其客户的交易中得到一大笔美元，如果这家银行不愿继续持有这些美元，它将如何利用银行间外汇交易市场。
国际经济学课后练习题答案
绪论部分习题一,填空题1、国际经济学是以（国际经济关系）作为其研究对象的，它包括（国际经济交往活动）和（国际经济相互依存和影响）两层含义。
2、国际贸易的直接原因是（贸易利益的获取），根本原因是（比较优势）、（规模经济）。
3、保护主义性质的贸易政策主要分为（关税壁垒）和（非关税壁垒）两大类。
4、开放经济体系进行宏观经济调控的两个目标是（内部均衡）和（外部均衡）。
5、汇率之所以重要是因为它的实质是（价格），而且它的波动会直接影响一国的（进出口），间接影响一国的（国际收支），进而影响一国的（国内经济均衡）。
6、一个开放的国家，政府制定一项宏观经济政策会带来两种效应，即（溢出效应）和（回振效应）效应。
7、国贸纯理论部分旨在说明（国际贸易产生的原因、贸易模式、贸易利易的产生、贸易利益的分配），国贸政策理论部分旨在说明（保护性的贸易政策对社会经济福利的影响及其理论依据）。
8、西方经济学和国际经济学的共同点在于（研究稀缺资源的优化配置问题）。
二、问答题1、为什么学习国际经济学非常重要？答：①现代世界是一个开放的世界，二战后随着技术创新和制度的不断演进,世界各国为了提高资源配置效率，改善人民经济福利水平，提高综合国力，不断提升开放度，积极地参与国际分工、国际贸易和国际金融活动。
全球经济一体化和区域经济一体化的兴起和发展，跨国公司的迅猛发展，及信息技术革命，使各国国内市场不断延伸和扩展，分工和交易活动不断广化、深化、细化。
各国经济之间的的相互联系、依赖和影响程度不断加强。
因此，专门研究国际经济活动的国际经济学应运而生，并且在经济学中的地位日益提高，成为经济学类学生的一门重要课程。
②西方经济学主要研究在一国范围内经济资源的优化配置及充分就业问题，国际经济学研究在国际格局下经济资源的优化配置及充分就业问题；西方经济学主要研究国内分工贸易等经济活动的规律，而国际经济学则主要研究国际分工贸易等经济活动的规律。
在国际经济活动中，生产要素的流动性、各国制度、法律、语言、文化、宗教、习俗、货币、汇率、各种人为政策等复杂影响使其与国内经济活动呈现出许多不同的规律，故需要一种不同于国内经济活动的理论解释，这样经济学理论才算完整。
国际经济学英文题库（最全版附答案）
【国际经济学】英文题库Chapter 1: IntroductionMultiple-Choice Questions1. Which of the following products are not produced at all in the United States?*A. Coffee, tea, cocoaB. steel, copper, aluminumC. petroleum, coal, natural gasD. typewriters, computers, airplanes2. International trade is most important to the standard of living of:A. the United States*B. SwitzerlandC. GermanyD. England3. Over time, the economic interdependence of nations has:*A. grownB. diminishedC. remained unchangedD. cannot say4. A rough measure of the degree of economic interdependence of a nation is given by:A. the size of the nations' populationB. the percentage of its population to its GDP*C. the percentage of a nation's imports and exports to its GDPD. all of the above 5. Economic interdependence is greater for:*A. small nationsB. large nationsC. developed nationsD. developing nations6. The gravity model of international trade predicts that trade between two nations is larger A. the larger the two nationsB. the closer the nationsC. the more open are the two nations*D. all of the above7. International economics deals with:A. the flow of goods, services, and payments among nationsB. policies directed at regulating the flow of goods, services, and paymentsC. the effects of policies on the welfare of the nation*D. all of the above 8. International trade theory refers to:*A. the microeconomic aspects of international tradeB. the macroeconomic aspects of international tradeC. open economy macroeconomics or international financeD. all of the above 9. Which of the following is not the subject matter of international finance?A. foreign exchange marketsB. the balance of payments*C. the basis and the gains from tradeD. policies to adjust balance of payments disequilibria10. Economic theory:A. seeks to explain economic eventsB. seeks to predict economic eventsC. abstracts from the many detail that surrounds an economic event*D. all of the above11. Which of the following is not an assumption generally made in the study of inter national economics?A. two nationsB. two commodities*C. perfect international mobility of factorsD. two factors of production12. In the study of international economics:A. international trade policies are examined before the bases for tradeB. adjustment policies are discussed before the balance of paymentsC. the case of many nations is discussed before the two-nations case*D. none of the above13. International trade is similar to interregional trade in that both must overcome:*A. distance and spaceB. trade restrictionsC. differences in currenciesD. differences in monetary systems14. The opening or expansion of international trade usually affects all members of so ciety: A. positivelyB. negatively*C. most positively but some negativelyD. most negatively but some positively15. An increase in the dollar price of a foreign currency usually:A. benefit U.S. importers*B. benefits U.S. exportersC. benefit both U.S. importers and U.S. exportersD. harms both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters16. Which of the following statements with regard to international economics is true?A. It is a relatively new field*B. it is a relatively old fieldC. most of its contributors were not economistsD. none of the above思考题：1.为什么学习国际经济学非常重要？2.列举体现当前国际经济学问题的一些重要事件，它们为什么重要？3.当今世界面临的最重要的国家经济问题是什么？全球化的利弊各是什么？Chapter 2: The Law of Comparative Advantage Multiple-Choice Questions1. The Mercantilists did not advocate:*A.free tradeB. stimulating the nation's exportsC. restricting the nations' importsD. the accumulation of gold by the nation2. According to Adam Smith, international trade was based on:*A. absolute advantageB. comparative advantageC. both absolute and comparative advantageD. neither absolute nor comparative advantage3. What proportion of international trade is based on absolute advantage?A. AllB. most*C. someD. none4. The commodity in which the nation has the smallest absolute disadvantage is the commodity of its:A. absolute disadvantageB. absolute advantageC. comparative disadvantage*D. comparative advantage5. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it is established tha t nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity X, then nation B must have:A. an absolute advantage in commodity YB. an absolute disadvantage in commodity YC. a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*D. a comparative advantage in commodity Y6. If with one hour of labor time nation A can produce either 3X or 3Y while nation B can produce either 1X or 3Y (and labor is the only input):A. nation A has a comparative disadvantage in commodity XB. nation B has a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*C. nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity XD. nation A has a comparative advantage in neither commodity7. With reference to the statement in Question 6:A. Px/Py=1 in nation AB. Px/Py=3 in nation BC. Py/Px=1/3 in nation B*D. all of the above8. With reference to the statement in Question 6, if 3X is exchanged for 3Y:A. nation A gains 2X*B. nation B gains 6YC. nation A gains 3YD. nation B gains 3Y9. With reference to the statement of Question 6, the range of mutually beneficial tra de between nation A and B is:A. 3Y < 3X < 5YB. 5Y < 3X < 9Y*C. 3Y < 3X < 9YD. 1Y < 3X < 3Y10. If domestically 3X=3Y in nation A, while 1X=1Y domestically in nation B:A. there will be no trade between the two nationsB. the relative price of X is the same in both nationsC. the relative price of Y is the same in both nations*D. all of the above11. Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage on the basis of:*A. the labor theory of valueB. the opportunity cost theoryC. the law of diminishing returnsD. all of the above12. Which of the following statements is true?A. The combined demand for each commodity by the two nations is negatively slope dB. the combined supply for each commodity by the two nations is rising stepwiseC. the equilibrium relative commodity price for each commodity with trade is giv en by the intersection of the demand and supply of each commodity by the two nati ons*D. all of the above13. A difference in relative commodity prices between two nations can be based upo difference in:n a difference A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastes*D. all of the above14. In the trade between a small and a large nation:A. the large nation is likely to receive all of the gains from trade*B. the small nation is likely to receive all of the gains from tradeC. the gains from trade are likely to be equally sharedD. we cannot say15. The Ricardian trade model has been empirically*A. verifiedB. rejectedC. not testedD. tested but the results were inconclusive思考题：比较优势原理所带来的贸易所得是从何而来的？贸易利益又是如何分配的？现实世界中比较优势是如何度量的？你认为目前中国具有比较优势的商品有哪些？这意味着什么？比较优势会不会发生变化？什么样的原因可能会导致其变化？经济学家是如何验证比较优势原理的？Chapter 3: The Standard Theory of International TradeMultiple-Choice Questions1. A production frontier that is concave from the origin indicates that the nation incur s i ncreasing increasing opportunity costs in the production of:A. commodity X onlyB. commodity Y only*C. both commoditiesD. neither commodity2. The marginal rate of transformation (MRT) of X for Y refers to:A. the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit of XB. the opportunity cost of XC. the absolute slope of the production frontier at the point of production*D. all of the above3. Which of the following is not a reason for increasing opportunity costs:*A. technology differs among nationsB. factors of production are not homogeneousC. factors of production are not used in the same fixed proportion in the production of all commoditiesD. for the nation to produce more of a commodity, it must use resources that are le ss and less suited in the production of the commodity4. Community indifference curves:A. are negatively slopedB. are convex to the originC. should not cross*D. all of the above5. The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) of X for Y in consumption refers to the:A. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y and still remain o n the same indifference curve*B. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X and still remain on the same indifference curveC. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y to reach a higher indifference curveD. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X to reach a higher indifference curve6. Which of the following statements is true with respect to the MRS of X for Y?A. It is given by the absolute slope of the indifference curveB. declines as the nation moves down an indifference curveC. rises as the nation moves up an indifference curve*D. all of the above 7. Which of the following statements about community indifference curves is true?A. They are entirely unrelated to individuals' community indifference curvesB. they cross, they cannot be used in the analysis*C. the problems arising from intersecting community indifference curves can be over come by the application of the compensation principleD. all of the above. 8. Which of the following is not true for a nation that is in equilibrium in isolation?*A. It consumes inside its production frontierB. it reaches the highest indifference curve possible with its production frontierC. the indifference curve is tangent to the nation's production frontierD. MRT of X for Y equals MRS of X for Y, and they are equal to Px/Py 9. If the internal Px/Py is lower in nation 1 than in nation 2 without trade:A. nation 1 has a comparative advantage in commodity YB. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity X*C. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity YD. none of the above10. Nation 1's share of the gains from trade will be greater:A. the greater is nation 1's demand for nation 2's exports*B. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 2's pretrade Px/PyC. the weaker is nation 2's demand for nation 1's exportsD. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 1's pretrade Px/Py11. If Px/Py exceeds the equilibrium relative Px/Py with tradeequilibr A. the nation exporting commodity X will want to export more of X than at e quilibr iumequilibri B. the nation importing commodity X will want to import less of X than at e quilibri umC. Px/Py will fall toward the equilibrium Px/Py*D. all of the above12. With free trade under increasing costs:A. neither nation will specialize completely in productionB. at least one nation will consume above its production frontierC. a small nation will always gain from trade*D. all of the above13. Which of the following statements is false?A.The gains from trade can be broken down into the gains from exchange and the gains from specializationB. gains from exchange result even without specialization*C. gains from specialization result even without exchangeD. none of the above14. The gains from exchange with respect to the gains from specialization are alway s:A. greaterB. smallerC. equal*D. we cannot say without additional information15. Mutually beneficial trade cannot occur if production frontiers are:A. equal but tastes are notB. different but tastes are the sameC. different and tastes are also different*D. the same and tastes are also the same.思考题：国际贸易的标准理论与大卫.李嘉图的比较优势原理有何异同？两国仅仅由于需求偏好不同可以进行市场分工和狐狸贸易吗？两国仅仅由于要素禀赋不同和/或生产技术不同可以进行分工和贸易吗?Chapter 4: Demand and Supply, Offer Curves, and the Terms of Trade Multiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is correct? A. The demand for imports is given by the excess demand for the commodityB. the supply of exports is given by the excess supply of the commodityC. the supply curve of exports is flatter than the total supply curve of the commodity *D. all of the above2. At a relative commodity price above equilibriumA. the excess demand for a commodity exceeds the excess supply of the commodityB. the quantity demanded of imports exceeds the quantity supplied of exports*C. the commodity price will fallD. all of the above3. The offer curve of a nation shows:A. the supply of a nation's importsB. the demand for a nation's exportsC. the trade partner's demand for imports and supply of exports*D. the nation's demand for imports and supply of exports4. The offer curve of a nation bulges toward the axis measuring the nationsA. import commodity*B. export commodityC. export or import commodityD. nontraded commodity5. Export prices must rise for a nation to increase its exports because the nation:A. incurs increasing opportunity costs in export productionB. faces decreasing opportunity costs in producing import substitutesC. faces decreasing marginal rate of substitution in consumption*D. all of the above6. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is false?A. It relies on traditional demand and supply curvesB. it isolates for study one market*C. it can be used to determine the equilibrium relative commodity price but not the equilibrium quantity with tradeD. none of the above7. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is true?A. The demand and supply curve are derived from the nation's production frontier an d indifference mapB. It shows the same basic information as offer curvesC. It shows the same equilibrium relative commodity prices as with offer curves*D. all of the above 8. In what way does partial equilibrium analysis differ from general equilibrium analy sis?A. The former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium price with tradeB. the former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium quantity with tradeC. the former but not the latter takes into consideration the interaction among all ma rkets in the economy*D. the former gives only an approximation to the answer sought.9. If the terms of trade of a nation are 1.5 in a two-nation world, those of the tradepartner are:A. 3/4*B. 2/3C. 3/2D. 4/310. If the terms of trade increase in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner:*A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the above11. If a nation does not affect world prices by its trading, its offer curve:A. is a straight lineB. bulges toward the axis measuring the import commodity*C. intersects the straight-line segment of the world's offer curveD. intersects the positively-sloped portion of the world's offer curve12. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodityB. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodity C. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity *D. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity13. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's terms of trade remain unchanged*B. the nation's terms of trade deteriorateC. the partner's terms of trade deteriorateD. any of the above14. If the tastes for a nation import commodity increases, trade volume:*A. increasesB. declinesC. remains unchangedD. any of the above15. A deterioration of a nation's terms of trade causes the nation's welfare to:A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchanged*D. any of the above思考题：提供曲线如何推导？有何用途？两国贸易时的均衡商品价格是如何决定的？受哪些因素影响？贸易条件的含义是？贸易条件的改善意味着什么？哪些因素可能导致贸易条件的改善？Chapter 5: Factor Endowments and the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory Multiple-Choice Questions1. The H-O model extends the classical trade model by:A. explaining the basis for comparative advantageB. examining the effect of trade on factor prices*C. both A and BD. neither A nor B2. Which is not an assumption of the H-O model:A. the same technology in both nationsB. constant returns to scale*C. complete specializationD. equal tastes in both nations3. With equal technology nations will have equal K/L in production if:*A. factor prices are the sameB. tastes are the sameC. production functions are the sameD. all of the above4. We say that commodity Y is K-intensive with respect to X when:A. more K is used in the production of Y than XB. less L is used in the production of Y than X*C. a lower L/K ratio is used in the production of Y than XD. a higher K/L is used in the production of X than Y5. When w/r falls, L/KA. falls in the production of both commodities*B. rises in the production of both commoditiesC. can rise or fallD. is not affected6. A nation is said to have a relative abundance of K if it has a:A. greater absolute amount of KB. smaller absolute amount of LC. higher L/K ratio*D. lower r/w 7. A difference in relative commodity prices between nations can be based on a diffe rence in:A. technologyB. factor endowmentsC. tastes*D. all of the above 8. In the H-O model, international trade is based mostly on a difference in:A. technology*B. factor endowmentsC. economies of scaleD. tastes 9. According to the H-O model, trade reduces international differences in:A. relative but not absolute factor pricesB. absolute but not relative factor prices*C. both relative and absolute factor pricesD. neither relative nor absolute factor prices10. According to the H-O model, international trade will:A. reduce international differences in per capita incomesB. increases international differences in per capita incomes*C. may increase or reduce international differences in per capita incomes D. lead to complete specialization11. The H-O model is a general equilibrium model because it deals with:A. production in both nationsB. consumption in both nationsC. trade between the two nations*D. all of the above12. The H-O model is a simplification of the a truly general equilibrium model b ecause because it deals with:A. two nationsB. two commoditiesC. two factors of production*D. all of the above13. The Leontief paradox refers to the empirical finding that U.S.*A. import substitutes are more K-intensive than exportsB. imports are more K-intensive than exportsC. exports are more L-intensive than importsD. exports are more K-intensive than import substitutes14. From empirical studies, we conclude that the H-O theory:A. must be rejectedB. must be accepted without reservations*C. can be accepted while awaiting further testingD. explains all international trade15. For factor reversal to occur, two commodities must be produced with:*A. sufficiently different elasticity of substitution of factors B. the same K/L ratioC. technologically-fixed factor proportionsD. equal elasticity of substitution of factors思考题：H-O理论有哪些假设？各假设的含义是什么？为什么要做出这些假设？如何检验H-O理论的正确性？H-O-S定理的假设条件又是什么？他与生产要素国际间的流动有何关系？如何检验H-O-S定理在现实中的可靠性？Chapter 6: Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, and International T radeMultiple-Choice Questions:1. Relaxing the assumptions on which the Heckscher-Ohlin theory rests:A. leads to rejection of the theoryB. leaves the theory unaffected*C. requires complementary trade theoriesD. any of the above.Which of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, leav ethe theory unaffected? t he A. Two nations, two commodities, and two factorsB. both nations use the same technologyC. the same commodity is L-intensive in both nations*D. all of the aboveWhich of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, require new trade theories? r equire *A. Economies of scaleB. incomplete specializationC. similar tastes in both nationsD. the existence of transportation costsInternational trade can be based on economies of scale even if both nations have ide ntical:A. factor endowmentsB. tastesC. technology*D. all of the above5. A great deal of international trade:A. is intra-industry tradeB. involves differentiated productsC. is based on monopolistic competition*D. all of the above6. The Heckscher-Ohlin and new trade theories explains most of the trade:A. among industrial countriesB. between developed and developing countriesC. in industrial goods*D. all of the aboveThe theory that a nation exports those products for which a large domestic market e xistswas advanced by: w as *A. LinderB. VernonC. LeontiefD. Ohlin8. Intra-industry trade takes place:A. because products are homogeneous*B. in order to take advantage of economies of scaleC. because perfect competition is the prevalent form of market organizationD. all of the aboveIf a nation exports twice as much of a differentiated product that it imports, its intra- i ndustry industry (T) index is equal to:A. 1.00B. 0.75*C. 0.50D. 0.2510. Trade based on technological gaps is closely related to:A. the H-O theory*B. the product-cycle theoryC. Linder's theoryD. all of the above11. Which of the following statements is true with regard to the product-cycle theor y?A. It depends on differences in technological changes over time among countriesB. it depends on the opening and the closing of technological gaps among countriesC. it postulates that industrial countries export more advanced products to less advanced countries*D. all of the above12. Transport costs:A. increase the price in the importing countryB. reduces the price in the exporting country*C. both of the aboveD. neither A nor B.13. Transport costs can be analyzed:A. with demand and supply curvesB. production frontiersC. offer curves*D. all of the above14. The share of transport costs will fall less heavily on the nation:*A. with the more elastic demand and supply of the traded commodityB. with the less elastic demand and supply of the traded commodityC. exporting agricultural productsD. with the largest domestic market15. A footloose industry is one in which the product:A. gains weight in processingB. loses weight in processingC. both of the above*D. neither A nor B.思考题：本章的贸易理论与基于比较优势的贸易理论有哪些不同？这两类贸易理论是互相排斥的吗？H-O理论与心贸易理论之间有什么经验关联？运输成本对H-O定理和H-O-S定理有何影响？不同的环保标准时如何影响产业选址及国际贸易的？2009年底联合国哥本哈根气候大会中的议题与国际贸易有何关系？这对我国经贸发展有何影响？Chapter 7: Economic Growth and International Trade Multiple-Choice Questions1. Dynamic factors in trade theory refer to changes in:A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastes*D. all of the above2. Doubling the amount of L and K under constant returns to scale:A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodityB. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodityC. leaves the shape of the production frontier unchanged*D. all of the above.3. Doubling only the amount of L available under constant returns to scale:A. less than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity*B. more than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodityC. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodityD. leaves the output of the K-intensive commodity unchanged4. The Rybczynski theorem postulates that doubling L at constant relative commodity prices:A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity*B. reduces the output of the K-intensive commodityC. increases the output of both commoditiesD. any of the above5. Doubling L is likely to:A. increases the relative price of the L-intensive commodityB. reduces the relative price of the K-intensive commodity*C. reduces the relative price of the L-intensive commodityD. any of the aboveTechnical progress that increases the productivity of L proportionately more than the productivity of K is called: p roductivity *A. capital savingB. labor savingC. neutralD. any of the above7. A 50 percent productivity increase in the production of commodity Y:A. increases the output of commodity Y by 50 percentB. does not affect the output of XC. shifts the production frontier in the Y direction only*D. any of the above8. Doubling L with trade in a small L-abundant nation:*A. reduces the nation's social welfareB. reduces the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of tradeD. all of the above 9. Doubling L with trade in a large L-abundant nation:A. reduces the nation's social welfareB. reduces the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of trade*D. all of the aboveIf, at unchanged terms of trade, a nation wants to trade more after growth, then the n ation's nation's terms of trade can be expected to:*A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the above A proportionately greater increase in the nation's supply of labor than of capital is lik ely to result in a deterioration in the nation's terms of trade if the nation exports: to A. the K-intensive commodity*B. the L-intensive commodityC. either commodityD. both commodities12. Technical progress in the nation's export commodity:*A. may reduce the nation's welfareB. will reduce the nation's welfareC. will increase the nation's welfareD. leaves the nation's welfare unchanged13. Doubling K with trade in a large L-abundant nation:A. increases the nation's welfareB. improves the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of trade*D. all of the above14. An increase in tastes for the import commodity in both nations:A. reduces the volume of trade*B. increases the volume of tradeC. leaves the volume of trade unchangedD. any of the above15. An increase in tastes of the import commodity of Nation A and export in B:*A. will reduce the terms of trade of Nation AB. will increase the terms of trade of Nation AC. will reduce the terms of trade of Nation BD. any of the above思考题：要素积累和技术进步如何影响一国的生产可能性曲线的形状和位置？何种类型的经济增长最可恩能够导致国家福利的下降？那种类型的经济增长最可能导致国家福利的改善？Chapter 8: Trade Restrictions: TariffsMultiple-choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is incorrect?A. An ad valorem tariff is expressed as a percentage of the value of the traded com modityB. A specific tariff is expressed as a fixed sum of the value of the traded commodity.C. Export tariffs are prohibited by the U.S. Constitution*D. The U.S. uses exclusively the specific tariff 2. A small nation is one:A. which does not affect world price by its tradingB. which faces an infinitely elastic world supply curve for its import commodityC. whose consumers will pay a price that exceeds the world price by the amount of t he tariff*D. all of the above3. If a small nation increases the tariff on its import commodity, its:A. consumption of the commodity increasesB. production of the commodity decreasesC. imports of the commodity increase*D. none of the aboveThe increase in producer surplus when a small nation imposes a tariff is measured by the area:*A. to the left of the supply curve between the commodity price with and without th e tariffB. under the supply curve between the quantity produced with and without the tariffC. under the demand curve between the commodity price with and without the tariffD. none of the above.。
(完整)国际经济学考试题库(答案版)
一、试述H-O模型的主要内容并予以评价。
1、基本内容:资本丰富的国家在资本密集型产品上相对供给能力较强，劳动丰富的国家则在劳动密集型产品上相对供给能力较强。
根据比较优势原则,一国出口密集使用其丰富要素的产品，进口密集使用其稀缺要素的产品.要素的自然禀赋—要素供给—要素的相对富饶程度—要素相对价格—生产成本差异-商品价格差异—贸易的发生2、评价：贡献：a、从一国经济资源优势解释国际贸易发生的原因；b、从实际优势出发决定贸易模式；c、从贸易对经济的影响分析贸易的作用.局限性：a、禀赋并非贸易发生的充分条件；b、对需求因素未予以充分考虑，影响了理论对实际情况的分析；c、过分强调静态结果，排除技术进步及实际存在的情况，影响了理论的适用性.二、结合货币市场和外汇市场，以美元为本币，请画图美联储增加货币供给后，美元对欧元的汇率将如何变动.外汇指的是以外国货币表示的，为各国普遍接受的，可用于国际间债权债务结算的各种支付手段。
货币政策是指政府或中央银行为影响经济活动所采取的措施，尤指控制货币供给以及调控利率的各项措施。
一国货币供给的增加会使该国货币在外汇市场上贬值。
美国的货币市场决定美元的利率，美元利率则影响维持利率平价的汇率。
所以当美联储增加货币供给后，会导致美元相对欧元的贬值。
但美元供给的变动对长期利率和实际产出没有影三、什么是恶性通货膨胀，可能导致恶性通货膨胀的原因以及应对措施。
恶性通货膨胀又称“超速通货膨胀”，是三位数以上的通货膨胀。
指流通货币量的增长速度大大超过货币流通速度的增长，货币购买力急剧下降，物价水平加速上升，整体物价水平以极高速度快速上涨的现象，使民众对货币价值失去信心.由于货币的流通量增加快速,使货币变得没有价值时，人们会急于要以货币换取实物,人心惶惶的结果只会更加速通货膨胀的恶化，整体经济濒临崩溃边缘。
恶性通货膨胀是一种不能控制的通货膨胀，在物价很快地上涨的情况下，就使货币失去价值.在社会经济发展和运行中，如果某一国家或地区出现了恶性的通货膨胀、剧烈的汇率波动或严重的地区政治冲突,其发行的信用货币（纸币）将存在很大的风险。
国际经济学理论与政策__双语各章练习题
Quiz for Chapter 12Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Y-( )=CA2、National income equals GNP less ( ),plus ( ),less ( ).3. GNP equals GDP ( ) net receipts of factor income from the rest of the world.4. The national income identity for an open economy is ( ).5. When a country 's exports exceed its imports, we say the country has a current account ( ).6. The current account includes ( )7. Any transaction resulting in a payment to foreigners is entered in the balance of payment account as a ( ).8. In a closed economy, national saving always equals ( ).9.When official reserves increase, this will be recorded in the ( ), with ( )sign.10. When debit is bigger than net decrease of the reserve, the difference will go to the ( ).Ⅱ. True or false1. The balance of payments accounts always balance in practice as they must in theory.( )2. Net unilateral transfers are considered part of the current accounts but not a part of national income .( )3. The GNP a country generates over some time period must equal its national income ,the income earned in that period by its factors of production. ( )4. When you buy a share of Microsoft stock , you are buying neither a good or a service , so your purchase dose not show up in GNP. ( )5. If the government deficit rises and private saving and investment do not change much ,the current account surplus must fall by roughly the same account as the increase in the fiscal deficit. ( )6. We include income on foreign investment in the current account because that income really is compensation for the services provided by foreign investments.( )7. Remember that foreign borrowing may not always be a bad idea :a country that borrows abroad to undertake profitable domestic investment can pay its creditors and still have money left over.( )8. Government agencies including central banks can freely hold foreign reserves and intervene officiallyin exchange market.( )9. When the United States lends abroad, a payment is made to foreigners and the capital account is credited.10. One reason intervention is important is that central banks use it as a way of altering the amount of money in circulation.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1.Why account keepers adds the account a statistical discrepancy to the balance of payment?2.The nation of Pecunia had a current account deficit of ＄1 billion and a nonreserve financial account surplusof ＄550 million in 2005.(1)What was the balance of payments of Pecunia in that year? What happened to the country’s net foreignassets?(2)Assume that foreign central banks neither buy nor sell Pecunian assets. How did the Pecunian central bankshad purchased ＄600 million of Pecunian assets in 2005? How would this official intervention show up in the balance of payments accounts?(3)How would your answer to (2) change if you learned that foreign central banks had purchased enter foreignbalance of payments accounts?Ⅳ. Fill the following blanks:China's balance of payment in 2000Quiz for Chapter 13Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Changes in exchange rates are described asor .2. Foreign exchange deals sometimes specify a value date farther away than two-days-30 days, 90days, 180 days, or even several years. The exchange rates quoted in such transactions are called3. is the most liquid of assets4. The ease with which the asset can be sold or exchange for goods, we call the character is5. A foreignis a spot sale of a currency combined with a forward repurchase of the currency.6. The foreign exchange market is inwhen deposits of all currencies offer the same expected rate of return.7. The price of one currency in terms of another is called an8. All else equal, ain the expected future exchange rate causes a rise in the current exchange rate.9. is the percentage increase in value, it offers over some time period.10. All else equal, anin the interest paid on deposits of a currency causes that currency to appreciate againstforeign currencies.Ⅱ. True or false1. A rate of appreciation of the dollar against the euro is the rate of depreciation of the euro against dollar.( )2. The exchange rate quoted as the price of foreign currency in terms of domestic currency is called direct quotation. ( )3. all else equal, an appreciation of a country's currency makes its goods cheaper for foreigners. ( )4. The foreign exchange market is in equilibrium when deposits of all currencies offer the same expected rate of return. ( )5. All else equal., When a country's currency depreciated, domestic residents find that imports from abroad are more expensive. ( )6. Central bank is at the center of the foreign exchange market.( )7. A depreciation of the dollar against euro today makes euro deposit less attractive on the condition that expected future dollar/euro rate and interest rates do not change.( )8. all else equal, a decrease of the interest paid on deposit of US dollars causes dollars to appreciate against foreign currency.( )9. New York. is the largest foreign exchange market in the world. ( )10. A fall in the expected future exchange rate causes a fall in the current exchange rate.Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. Currently, the spot exchange rate is US$1=SF1.50 and the expected exchange rate for six month is SF1.55. the interest rate is 8% in the US per annum and 10% in the Switzerland per annum. （1）Determine whether interest rate parity is currently holding.（2）If it is not holding, what will happen in the foreign exchange market?.（3）If the expected exchange rate is unchanged, what is the spot rate when foreign exchange rate is inequilibrium?2.Suppose the dollar interest rate and the pound sterling interest rate are the same, 5 percent per year. What is the relation between the current equilibrium ＄/￡exchange rateand its expected future level? Suppose the expected future ＄/￡exchange rate, ＄1.52 per pound, remains constant as Britain’s interest rate rises to 10 percent per year. If the U.S. interest rate also remains constant, what is the new equilibrium ＄/￡exchange rate?Quiz for Chapter 14Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. M1 includes __________.2. An economy 's money supply is controlled by _________________.3. Three main factors that determine aggregate money demand are4. When money supply equals money demand, we say that the money market is _______________________.5. A rise in the average value of transactions carried out by a household or firm cause its demand for money to.6. is an important phenomenon because it helps explain why exchange rates move so sharply from day to day.7. If the economy is initially at full employment, a permanent increase in the money supply eventually be followed byin the price level.8. Overshooting is a direct consequence of the short-run9. An economy’sis the position it would eventually reach if no new economic shocks occurred during the adjustment to full employment.10. All else equal, a permanent in a country’s money supply causes a proportional long-rundepreciation of its currency against foreign currencies.Ⅱ. True or false1. An increase in real output lowers the interest rate. ( )2. In the short run, a reduction in a country's money supply causes its currency to appreciate in the foreign exchange market. ( )3. All else equal, an increase in a country 's money supply causes a proportional increase in its price level in the long run. ( )3. All else equal, a rise in the interest rate causes the demand for money to fall. ( )4. If there is initially an excess demand of money, the interest rate falls in the short-run. ( )5. A rise in the average value of transactions carried out by a household or firm causes its demand for money to fall. ( )6. Given the price level and out put, an increase in the money supply lowers the interest rate. ( )7. A change in the supply of money has effect on the long-run values of the interest rate or real output. ( )8.The higher the interest rate, the more you sacrifice by holding wealth in the form of money. ( )9. An increase in real output lowers the interest rate, given the price level and the money supply( )10. An economy experiences inflation when its price level is falling. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. What is the short-run effect on the exchange rate when US government increases the money supply? (expectations about future exchange rate are unchanged)2.Please draw a group of pictures to show the time paths of U.S. economic variables after a permanent increase in the U.S. money supply growth rate according to the following:(1)The u.s. decided to increase the money supply growth rate permanently.The vertical axis is money supply and the horizontal axis is time.(2)The interest rate change,. The vertical axis is Dollar interest rate and the horizontal axis is time.(3)The price level change. The vertical axis is U.S price level and the horizontal axis is time.(4)The exchange rate change,. The vertical axis is the Dollar/Euro exchange rate and the horizontal axis is time.Ⅳ. CALCULATIONSuppose that the spot rate is €1 = US$1.2468 －78 and the six-month forward rate is €1 = US$1.2523－33, the interest rate per annum is 4% in the euro zone and 6% in the US. After carrying out interest arbitrage with €5,000,000 borrowed at the above-mentioned rate, please calculate your net interest arbitrage profit ( other costs ignored ).Quiz for Chapter 15Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The equation for real interest parity is.2. The long-run relationship between inflation and interest rates is called .3. The equation for absolute PPP is _________________________.4. The equation for relative PPP is _________________________.5. The law of_______________ states that under free competition and in the absence of trade impediments, a good must sell for a single price regardless of where in the world it is sold.6. Equation$/$/()/E US q E P P ∈∈=⨯ shows that at unchanged output prices, nominal depreciation implies real.7. According to Fisher effect, if U.S. inflation were to rise, then U.S. dollar interest rates would_________________.8. _________________is the relative price of two output baskets, while _________________is the relative price of two currencies.9. Transport costs and government trade restrictions make it expensive to move goods between markets located in different countries and therefore weaken the _________________mechanism underlying PPP. 10. refer to those goods and services that can never be traded internationally at a profit.Ⅱ. True or false1. According to monetary approach, a rise in the interest rate on dollar will lead to the depreciation of the dollar in the long run.( )2. According to monetary approach, a rise in European output causes the Euro to appreciate. ( )3. When demand for American products rises, there will be a long-run real depreciation of the dollar. ( )4. According to monetary approach, a rise in European output causes the Euro to appreciate. ( )5. When European output supply increases, there will be an appreciation of the euro. ( )6. Expected real interest rates are the same in different countries when relative PPP is expected to hold. ( )7. Based on the monetary approach, other things equal, a permanent rise in the U.S. money supply causes a proportional long-run appreciation of the dollar against euro. ( )8. At unchanged output prices, nominal depreciation implies real appreciation. ( )9. Departures from PPP may be even greater in the short run than in the long run because many prices in the economy are sticky and take time to adjust fully. ( )10. If all U.S. prices increase by 10% and the dollar depreciates against foreign currencies by 10%, absolute PPP will be satisfied (assuming there are no changes abroad) for any domestic and foreign choices of price level indexes. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions :1. Suppose America’s inflation rate is 6% over one year, but the inflation rate in Italy is 12%. According to relative PPP, what should happen over the year to the dollar ’s exchange rate against the lira?2.How to explain the problems with PPP? Give the reasons.Quiz for Chapter 16Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The aggregate demand for an open economy’s output consists of four components:2. The current account balance is determined by two main factors: and3. Equilibrium in the economy as a whole requires equilibrium in theas well as in the4. An temporary increase in the money supply causes aof the domestic currency, of output,and thereforein employment.5. Given a fixed exchange rate, when government demand increases, DD schedule will shift6. A reduction in money demand would shift AA ___________.7. __________ policy works through changes in government spending or taxes.8. If the economy starts at long-run equilibrium, a permanent change in fiscal policy has no net effect on .9. J-curve effects amplify the of exchange rates10. Because a permanent fiscal expansion changes exchange-rate expectations, the effect on output isif the economy stats in long-run equilibrium.Ⅱ. True or false1. If there is a decline in investment demand, the DD schedule will shift to the right. ( )2. The effect of real exchange rate increase on IM is ambiguous. ( )3. A temporary increase in the money supply, which does not alter the long-run expected exchange rate, causes a depreciation of the currency and a rise in output. Temporary fiscal expansion also has the same result. ( )4. Other things equal, a real depreciation of the home currency lowers aggregate demand for home output. ( )5. The DD Schedule shows all exchange rate and output levels at which the outputmarket is in short-run equilibrium. DD Schedule slopes upward. ( )6. A permanent fiscal expansion does not changes exchange-rate expectations. ( )7. Since the effect is the same of that of an increase in G, an increase in T must cause the DD Schedule to shift rightward. ( )8. A rise in R* causes an upward shift of AA. ( )9. Either an increase in the money supply or temporary fiscal ease can be used to maintain full employment. The two polices have no different effects at all. ( )10.If exports and imports adjust gradually to real exchange rate changes, the current account may follow a J-curve pattern after a real currency appreciation, first worsening and then improving. ( )11. The greater the upward shift of the asset market equilibrium schedule, the greater the appreciation of the currency. ( )12. Monetary expansion causes the current account balance to decrease in the short run. ( )13. Expansionary fiscal policy reduces the current account balance. ( )Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. A new government is elected and announces that once it is inaugurated, it will increase the money supply. Use the DD-AA model to study the economy’s response to this announcement.2. Please use AA and DD schedules to describe “The adjustment to a permanent increase in the money supply. ” The original point is at full employment.The vertical axis is exchange rate, the horizontal axis is output.3. If an economy does not start out at full employment,is it still true that a permanent change in fiscal policy has no current effect on output? Please use AA and DD schedules to describe it.Quiz for Chapter 17Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. Any central bank purchase of assets automatically results in an in the domestic money supply.2. The condition of the foreign exchange market equilibrium under a fixed exchange rate is .3. Under a fixed exchange rate, central bankpolicy tools is more effective.4. The expectation of a future devaluation causes ain the home interest rate above the world level.5. The main factor that may lead to imperfect asset substitutability in the foreign exchange market is .6. Between the end of World War II and 1973, was the main reserve currency.7. Under a gold standard, each country fixes the price of its currency in terms of .8. Under a _________, central bank monetary policy tools are powerless to affect the economy’s money supply or its output.9. A system which governments may attempt to moderate exchange rate movements without keeping exchangerates rigidly fixed is____________.10. Half way between the gold standard and a pure reserve currency standard is the __________.Ⅱ. True or false1. Any central bank sale of assets automatically causes the money supply to decline. ( )2. If central banks are not sterilizing and the home country has a balance of payments surplus, any increase in the home central bank’s foreign assets implies an decreased home money supply. ( )3. Under a fixed exchange rate, central bank monetary policy tools are powerful to affect the economy’s money supply. ( )4. The expectation of a future revaluation causes a rise in foreign reserves. ( )5 When domestic and foreign currency bonds are imperfect substitutes, equilibrium in the foreign market requires that the domestic interest rate equal the expected domestic currency return on foreign bonds subtract a risk premium. ( )6. Between the end of World War II and 1973, the exchange rate system was one in which exchange rate between any two currencies were floating. ( )7.Under the reserve currency standard, the center country has to intervene the exchange rate. ( )8. The central bank can negate the money supply effect of intervention through sterilization.( )9. A system of managed floating allows the central bank to retain some ability to control the domestic money supply, but at the cost of greater exchange rate instability.( )10. A world system of fixed exchange rates in which countries peg the prices of their currencies in terms of a reserve currency does not involve a striking asymmetry.()Ⅲ. Answer the following questions:1. Why governments sometimes choose to devalue their currencies?2. How does fiscal expansion affect a country’s output and the central bank’s balance sheet under fixed exchange rate?3. Can you think of reasons why a government might willingly sacrifice some of its ability to use monetary policy so that it can have stable exchange rates?4. Explain why temporary and permanent fiscal expansions do not have different effects under fixed exchange rates, as they do under floating.Quiz for Chapter 18—21Ⅰ. Fill the following blanks with the proper word or expression1. The channels of interdependence depend, in turn, on the monetary and exchange rate arrangements that countries adopt-a set of institutions called the （）.2. In open economies, policymakers are motivated by the goals of internal and external balance. Simply defined, ( )requires the full employment of a country’s resources and domestic price level stability.3. A country is said to be in( ) when the sum of its current and its no reserve capital accounts equals zero, so that the current account balance is financed entirely by international lending without reserve movements.4. The gold standard contains some powerful automatic mechanisms that contribute to the simultaneous achievement of balance of payments equilibrium by all countries .That mechanisms is( ).5. ( ) is one currency that may be freely exchanged for foreign currencies.6、Under the Bretoon Woods system ,( ) or ( )can be used to influence output and thus help the government achieve its internal goal of full employment.7、Fiscal policy is also called ( ),because it alters the level of the economy’s total demand for goods and services.; The accompanying exchange rate adjustment is called ( ), Because it changes the direction of demand ,shifting it between domestic output and imports.8、Bretton Woods system give ( )the leading position in the world economy.9、Bretton Woods system require that other currency should peg with ( )10、Under the fixed rate system, if the exchange rate change, the foreign reserves will ( )11、( ) symmetry and exchange rate as automatic stabilizers are the advantages of floating rate system.12、( ) predict the collapse of the Bretton Woods system.13、The level of ( ) in the European Union is too small to cushion member countries from adverse economic events.14、The ( ) schedule shows the relationship between the monetary efficiency gain and the degree of economic integration.Ⅱ. True or false1. In an open economy, macroeconomic policy has two basic goals, internal balance (full employment with price stability) and external balance (avoiding excessive imbalances in international payments)( )2. The gold standard era starts in 1861 and end in 1914.( )3. The countries with the weak investment opportunities should be net importers of currently available output (and thus have current account surpluses), while countries with the good investment opportunities should be net exporters of current output (and have current account deficits).( )4. Each member of IMF contributed to the Fund an amount of gold equal in value to three-fourth of its quota. The remaining one-fourths of its quota took the form of a contribution of its own national currency. ( )5、Balance of payment crisis became increasingly frequent and violent throughout the 1960 and early 1970s.The events led to the Bretoon Woods system’s collapse.（）6、One interpretation of the Bretoon Woods system’s collapse is that the foreign countries were forced to import US. Inflation through the mechanism to stabilize their price levels and regain internal balance, they had toabandon fixed exchange rates and allow their currency to float.（）7、Speculation on changes in exchange rats could lead to instability in foreign exchange markets . （）8.Under the fixed rate system, the government is required to use foreign reserve to stabilize exchange rate.（）9.The U.S. Federal Reserve played the leading role in determining their owns domestic money supply.（）10.Advocates of floating argued that floating rates would allow each country to choose its own desired long-run inflation rate rather than passively importing the inflation rate established abroad. （）11.The eight original participant in the EMS’s exchange rate mechanism------France, German, Italy, Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. ( )。
国际经济学习题及答案
第一章导论1．国际经济学是怎样产生并发展成为一门独立学科的？答案提示：（1）国际经济学产生的客观基础及其最初表现形式：客观基础为跨越国界的经济活动；最初表现形式是国际贸易活动；（2）国际经济学产生的学科前提是国际贸易学和国际金融学；（3）国际经济学的发展：20世纪60年代后成为一门独立的学科，并不断发展。
2．国际经济学的研究对象和研究方法是什么？答案提示：（1）国际经济学的研究对象：跨越国界的经济活动及其运动规律（2）国际经济学的研究方法：与经济学的一般研究方法比较，基本相同，即：宏观与微观相结合、静态与动态相结合、定性与定量分析相结合、局部均衡与一般均衡相结合、理论与政策相结合国际经济学的具体分析框架为2×2×2模型（两个国家、两种产品、两种生产要素），通过不断放松假设，使理论逼近现实。
第二章古典国际贸易理论一、单项选择题1．重商主义贸易理论认为贸易是（）。
A．正和博弈B．零和博弈C．国际分工D．财富2．贸易福利的国际间的相互比较是指（）。
A．比较优势B．比较利益C．比较成本D．国际分工3．国际间商品生产成本比率的相互比较是（）。
A．比较优势B．比较利益C．比较成本D．国际分工4．亚当·斯密认为贸易的基础是（）。
A．比较优势B．劳动生产率C．国际分工D．绝对优势5．大卫·李嘉图认为贸易的基础是（）A．比较优势B．劳动生产率C．国际分工D．绝对优势二、多项选择题1．古典国际贸易理论讨论的主要问题包括（）A．绝对优势B．比较优势C．规模经济D．消费者偏好E．比较利益2、大卫·李嘉图的理论的假设前提有（）。
A．生产要素只在一国内部自由流动B．生产要素在一国国内及国际间均自由流动C．政府对贸易进行干预D．贸易国的生产成本不变E．商品的价值由劳动量决定三、判断题1．重商主义贸易理论认为国际贸易利益是通过损害他国利益实现的。
2．贸易差额论代表着晚期重商主义理论的核心思想。
国际经济学习题
第一章练习题一、名词解释1.生产可能性曲线2.机会成本3.边际转换率4.边际替代率二、简答题1.为什么说在决定生产和消费时;相对价格比绝对价格更重要2.如果生产可能性边界是一条直线;是确定过剩供给或需求曲线..3.说明贸易条件变化如何影响国际贸易利益在两国间的分配..4.如果国际贸易发生在一个大国和一个小国之间;那么贸易后国际相对价格更接近于哪一个国家在封闭条件下的相对价格水平哪个国家在国际贸易中福利改善程度更为明显一些5.国际经济学的研究对象是什么它与经济学有什么区别6.国际经济学的研究方法是怎样的试与经济学进行比较..三、分析题分析如何实现封闭条件下的一般均衡第二章练习题一、选择题1.从十五世纪初到十八世纪中叶;在国际贸易和国际投资理论方面占主导地位的是A.重商主义B.重农主义C.重金主义D.自由放任主义2.绝对技术差异论的提出者是A.斯密B.李嘉图C.奥林D.魁奈3、在比较利益模型中;两种参与贸易商品的国际比价A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同4、比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是A.劳动生产率的差异B.技术水平的差异C.产品品质的差异D.价格的差异5、在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论中;机会成本是A.递增B.递减C.先递增后递减D.不变6、“两利相权取其重;两弊相权取其轻”是对比较利益理论的高度概括;这一理论是由经济学家提出的..A.亚当·斯密B.赫克歇尔和奥林C.大卫·李嘉图D.大卫·休谟7、从十五世纪初到十八世纪中叶;在国际贸易和国际投资理论方面占主导地位的是A.重商主义B.重农主义C.重金主义D.自由放任主义8、在比较利益模型中;两种参与贸易商品的国际比价A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同9、古典的国际贸易理论有A.绝对技术差异论B.相对技术差异论C.生产要素禀赋论D.规模经济理论E、相互需求贸易理论10、国际贸易理论要解决的基本问题有A.国际贸易的技术差异B.国际贸易的要素禀赋差异C.国际贸易的原因D.国际贸易的利益分配E.国际贸易的结构二、名词解释1.重商主义2.古典贸易理论3.国际分工4.生产成本5.贸易所得6.交换所得7.绝对优势8.比较优势9.贸易条件10.提供曲线三、分析题1.根据重商主义的观点;一国必须保持贸易出超;在两国模型中是否可能为什么2.为什么说在决定生产和消费时;相对价格比绝对价格更重要四、计算简答题1.在古典贸易模型中;假设A国有有120名劳动力;B国有50名劳动力;如果生产棉花;A国的人均产量是2吨;B国也是2吨；要是生产大米;A国的人均产量是10吨;B国则是16吨..画出两国的生产可能性曲线并分析两国中哪一国有生产大米的绝对优势;哪一国拥有生产大米的比较优势2.下表列出了加拿大和中国生产1单位计算机和1单位小麦所需的劳动时间..假定生产计算机和小麦都只用劳动;加拿大的总劳动为600小时;中国的总劳动为800小时..2哪个国家具有生产计算机的比较优势哪国具有生产小麦的比较优势3如果给定世界价格是1单位计算机交换22单位的小麦;加拿大参与贸易可以从每单位的进口中节省多少劳动时间中国可以从每单位进口中节省多少劳动时间如果给定世界价格是1单位计算机交换24单位的小麦;加拿大和中国分别可以从进口煤单位的货物中节省多少劳动时间4在自由贸易的情况下;各国应生产什么产品;数量是多少整个世界的福利水平是提高还是降低了试用图分析以效用水平来衡量福利水平第三章练习题一、选择题1、国际贸易不仅使商品价格均等化;还使生产要素价格均等化和要素技术密集度均等化..在诸种均中为主导力量的是A.生产要素价格均等化B.要素技术密集度均等化C.商品价格均等化D.工资率均等化2、赫克歇乐——俄林模型认为国际贸易的根本原因A.各国生产要素禀赋不同B.各国劳动生产率不同C.各国技术水平不同D.各国产品技术含量不同3、在分析生产要素价格均等化过程;有一系列的假设条件;下列不是其假设条件的有A.生产要素在一国范围内的各部门间自由流动B.生产要素在国与国之间自由流动C.生产要素充分利用D.不存在贸易障碍和运输费用4、在生产两种产品的情况下;如果商品的国际比价保持不变;一种生产要素增加所导致的密集使用该生产要素的产品产量的增加;会同时减少另外一种产品的产量;这称为A.要素比例学说B.产品周期理论C.悲剧的增长理论D.罗伯津斯基定理5、生产要素价格均等化理论认为国际贸易能够使各国相同的生产要素的价格达到均等化;然而现实远非如此;其原因是A.国际贸易远不是自由的B.各国生产的产品并不相同C.各国生产的产品所使用的生产要素有差异D.国际贸易存在各种形式的交易成本E.生产要素并非都能得到充分利用二、名词解释题1.生产者剩余2.罗伯津斯基定理3.要素禀赋4.要素密集度5.要素密度逆转6.里昂惕夫之迷7.价格均等化8.人力资本三、问答题1.试述H-O理论的基本内容并予以评价..2.试画出贸易提供曲线和贸易均衡条件的图形并予以分析..3.生产要素禀赋理论是怎样解释产生国际贸易的原因的4.需求逆转是否会影响要素价格均等为什么5.在战后几十年间;日本、韩国等东亚的一些国家和地区的国际贸易商品结构发生了明显变化;主要出口产品从初级产品变为劳动密集型产品;再到资本密集型产品;是对此变化加以解释..6.试析外资流入对东道国贸易条件和比较优势的影响..7.你对里昂悌夫之谜是怎样理解的第四章练习题一、选择题1.消费者对差异产品的追求与现代化大生产追求规模经济相互矛盾;其解决途径是A.国际投资B.国际技术转让C.国际融资D.国际贸易2、提出雁形模式的动态贸易理论的经济学家是A.弗农B.赤松要C.小岛清D.俄林3、下列贸易理论与规模经济无关的是A.产品差异理论B.重叠需求理论C.相互倾销理论D.嗜好理论4、不能解释产业内贸易现象的理论有A.重叠需求理论B.要素比例理论C.规模经济理论D.垄断竞争理论5、能反映规模经济理论本意的是A.规模报酬递减B.规模报酬递增C.规模报酬不变D.规模成本递增6、国际生产综合理论的基本原理可以集中概括为下列优势的有机结合A.所有权优势、区位优势和技术优势B.所有权优势、内部化优势和技术优势C.区位优势、内部化优势和技术优势D.所有权优势、内部化优势和区位优势7、从需求的角度对部门内贸易作了解释..A.规模经济贸易理论B.差异产品贸易理论C.策略性贸易理论D.重叠需求贸易理论8、用来解释国际直接投资和跨国公司的理论是A.垄断优势理论B.购买力平价理论C.市场内部化理论D.利息平价理论E.国际生产综合理论9、跨国公司的优势主要来自 ..A.对某种技术的垄断B.产业组织形式的寡占性特点C.企业家才能的短缺D.管理机构简洁E.获取廉价的原材料和资金二、名词解释1.规模经济2.差异产品3.新贸易理论4.产业内贸易5.重叠需求6.产品生命周期三、问答题1.重叠需求理论是否可以用于解释发展国家之间的贸易2.运用产品周期论解释为什么美国是世界上的汽车生产和出口大国..3.重叠需求理论与前面讲的需求逆转有哪些区别4.试比较重叠需求论和要素禀赋理论的异同..5.产品生命周期的发生机制是怎样的为什么产品的生命周期也会引起制成品的国际贸易它与其他的制成品贸易相比较有什么新的特点6.试比较产品生命周期理论和要素禀赋理论的异同..7.试析行业间贸易与行业内贸易产生的原因..8.试述新贸易理论与传统贸易理论的区别..9.试述产业内贸易理论的基本内容并予以评价..10.简述规模经济导致的国际分工和贸易的意义..11.以规模经济为基础的贸易方式在什么样的情况下会导致贸易利益的均等分配在什么样的情况下将不能产生这样的结果12.在外部规模经济下;各国从国际贸易中所获得的利益并不均衡;那么你认为一些低收入国家经济发展缓慢是否与其在国际分工格局中的地位有关13.阐述新贸易理论的意义..14.产业内贸易理论与前面的重叠需求论有何异同第五章练习题一、名词解释1.普惠制2.有效保护率3.反补贴税4.关税二、问答题1.关税的基本作用是什么它对一国的经济福利有哪些影响2.以大国情形为例;试画图分析配额的福利效应..3.反倾销税的征收可能产生的影响有哪些4.一国征收关税对商品相对价格的影响及其经济效应..三、计算题假设某一行业X 1;需要另两个行业X 2和X 3的产品作为中间投入;投入产出系数分别为a 21=0.2;a 31=0.5;三个行业的进口关税分别为t 1、t 2和t 3;试计算在下列情况下X 1的有效保护率..1t 1=30%、t 2=20%、t 3=10%；2t 1=30%、t 2=20%、t 3=40%；3t 1=30%、t 2=50%、t 3=10%；第六章 练习题一、选择题1.就国家整体而言;分配进口配额最好的方法是A.竞争性拍卖B.固定的受惠C.资源使用申请程序D.政府适时分配2、出口商以占领市场为目的;以低于本国市场的价格持续地向国外市场销售商品;这种倾销称为A.掠夺性倾销B.间歇性倾销C.持续性倾销D.进攻性倾销3、属于非关税壁垒的措施是A.反倾销税B.自然垄断C.垄断竞争D.寡头垄断4、厂商要采取倾销战略;必须具备的条件为A.垄断国际市场B.国际国内市场需求弹性不同C.国际国内市场联通D.国际国内市场完全分割E.自由竞争5、下列属于非关税壁垒措施的有A.自愿出口限制B.歧视性的公共采购C.对外贸易的国家垄断D.技术和卫生检疫标准E.进口许可证二、名词解释1.非关税壁垒2.倾销3.进口配额4.自愿出口限制5.外汇倾销三、问答题1、画图分析出口补贴对出口国经济福利的影响以小国情形为例..2、进口配额与关税再保护本国产业方面有什么异同 如果让国内生产着来选择;他们会选择哪种措施3、简述倾销的含义及其构成条件..第七章 练习题一、选择题1、从十五世纪初到十八世纪中叶;在国际贸易和国际投资理论方面占主导地位的是A.重商主义B.重农主义C.重金主义D.自由放任主义2、进口替代战略与出口鼓励战略的战略取向分别是A.内向型-内向型B.内向型-外向型C.外向型-外向型D.外向型-内向型3、在资本主义生产方式准备时期;代表商业资本利益的经济思想和政策体系属于A.自由贸易政策B.重商主义C.保护贸易政策D.管理贸易政策4、战略性贸易理论阐明了在条件下的国际贸易形式..A.垄断B.自由竞争C.寡头垄断D.垄断和寡头垄断5、战略性贸易政策不适宜在哪一种市场条件下运用A.完全竞争B.自然垄断C.垄断竞争D.寡头垄断6、20世纪70年代至80年代中期;“亚洲四小龙”韩国、新加坡、中国台湾和香港特别行政区所采取的经济发展战略是A.坚定外向型战略B.一般外向型战略C.一般内向型战略D.坚定内向型战略7、下列不属于保护贸易学说的理论有A.幼稚工业理论B.夕阳工业理论C.国防论D.资源禀赋论8、最佳关税水平应等于A.零进口关税B.零进口关税与禁止性关税之间的水平C.禁止性关税D.禁止性关税以上9、影响国外企业产品在进口国的需求弹性的因素有如下哪几种A.消费者对该产品本身的需求弹性B.消费者对来自国外厂商的产品的依赖程度C.进口国对国外产品的替代程度D.进口国对本国产品的依赖程度E.出口国对本国产品的依赖程度10、最佳关税 ..A.是由关税征收引起的额外损失与额外收益彼此相等的那种关税率B.不能是零关税水平C.不能是禁止性关税D.应该是禁止性关税E.应该在禁止性关税和零关税之间二、名词解释1.最佳关税2.幼稚产业理论3.重商主义4.贸易乘数5.战略性贸易政策三、问答题1.试析幼稚产业论对发展中国家经济发展的意义..2.最佳关税的收入来源有哪些最佳关税是如何确定的3.简述战略性贸易政策的核心内容及意义..4.试推导贸易乘数公式..5.如何看待凯恩斯的贸易保护理论6.试述幼稚产业理论的基本内容并予以评价..7.进口替代战略和出口导向战略各有什么优缺点第八章练习题一、选择题1、下列属于关税同盟带来的动态效应的是A.贸易创造B.贸易转移C.竞争效应D.贸易损失2、下列哪项不是亚太经合组织的基本特征A.机制性B.渐进性C.开放性D.单边行动与集体行动的结合3、关税同盟的重要特点是A.对内自由;对外保护B.对外自由;对内保护C.对内外均自由D.对内外均保护4、成员国取消相互之间的进口关税和其他具有同等效力的贸易壁垒而形成的超越国界的产品自由流动或产品自由输出入的国际经济一体化形式是 ..A.自由贸易区B.关税同盟C.共同市场D.经济联盟5、成立国际经济一体化组织;要求成员方之间A.地理上相邻B.经济上互补C.收入水平相等D.政治体制相近E.语言相同6、以下哪些组织形式属于国际经济一体化组织A.自由贸易区B.关税同盟C.共同市场D.经济联盟E.北约二、名词解释1.关税同盟2.贸易创造3.贸易转移4.经济联盟三、问答题1.关税同盟的动态效应有哪些2.试比较各种即一体化形式之间的差异..3.结合实际;谈一谈区域一体化组合建立通常需要具备哪些条件4.组成关税同盟后;规模经济利益的实现对同盟内企业在同盟外市场上的竞争力有很影响5.新成员不断加入关税同盟对关税同盟的贸易转移效应有很影响第九章练习题一、简答题1.如何用跨时期选择的方法分析资本移动现象以及对相关国家均衡调整过程的影响2.资本流动如何增进相关国家的国民福利3.资本的流动与劳动力的流动是否存在相互替代的关系二、论述题劳动力的跨国移动如何影响各利益集团的的福利水平第十章练习题一、选择题1、世界贸易组织秘书处设在A.日内瓦B.纽约C.布鲁塞尔D.乌拉圭2、在关税与贸易总协定临时适用的议定书上签字的缔约国共有A.15个B.23个C.102个D.123个3、自关税与贸易总协定签字以来;在其组织下进行了多少轮多边贸易谈判A.6B.7C.8D.94、关税与贸易总协定的基本目标是A.贸易适度保护B.关税稳定C.贸易自由化D.贸易公平5、在中国恢复关贸总协定缔约国的谈判过程中;中国坚持的基本原则有 ..A.坚持恢复而不是加入关贸总协定B.中国以关税减让的方式重返关贸总协定C.中国以进口承诺的方式重返关贸总协定D.中国作为发展中国家取得缔约国地位E.中国作为发达国家取得缔约国地位二、名词解释1、最惠国待遇2、国民待遇3、GATT三、问答题1.关贸总协定与世界贸易组织有哪些不同2.关贸总协定自成立以来举行了哪几轮多边贸易谈判各取得何成果3.与前七轮谈判相比;“乌拉圭回合”多边贸易谈判有哪些特点4.试述世界贸易组织的基本原则;以及“入世”对中国经济发展的意义..5.试分析中国入世关税降低给国内各行业将会造成的影响..第十一章练习题一、选择题1.下述经济交易中不属于国际收支资本项目统计的内容有A.短期证券买卖B.票据买卖C.短期信贷D.利息收支2.国际收支统计的记帐方法是A.借贷记帐法B.复式簿记法C.收付记帐法D.流水帐3.按国际收支平衡表的编制原理;凡是涉及外国居民向本国居民支付的交易应记入 ..A.借方B.贷方C.借贷双方D.任何一方4.国际收支分为两大类A.经常项目B.资本和金融项目C.转移项目D.投资项目5.居民国外资产的收入记入A.资本和金融项目B.经常项目C.转移项目D.投资项目6.国际储备资产包括A.黄金B.外汇储备C.SDRSD.基金中的头寸7.经常转移记入A.资本和金融项目B.经常项目C.转移项目D.投资项目8.按照国际收支对“居民”的界定;对于美国而言;下述哪一种不属于美国居民A.美国驻日本使馆人员B.通用汽车中国分公司C.美国在线公司D.微软公司9.下述哪一种属于国际收支的事后项目A.进出口B.利息收支C.直接投资D.特别提款权变动10.在下列投资方式中;属国际直接投资的是A.购买外国政府债券B.购买外国企业债券C.向外国企业提供商业贷款D.在国外开设合资企业11.在以下货币中;不包括在特别提款权篮子中的货币是A.英镑B.美元C.瑞士法郎D.日元12.基本项目收支差额包括A.商品贸易收支B.服务贸易收支C.资本项目收支D.官方结算收支E.金融资产变动项目收支二、填空题1.国际收支是在一定时期内_________与_________之间的全部经济交易的记录..2.在登记贸易收支时;按国际货币基金组织的规定;进出口都使用_________..3.国际收支的帐面平衡是通过_________来实现的;真正能反映国际收支状况的是_________..4.国际收支平衡表的记帐原则是_________._________..三、名词解释1.国际收支2.国际储备3.国际收支平衡表4.贸易差额5.自主性交易四、问答题1.如何理解国际收支的含义2.国际收支平衡表的编制原则是什么3.国际收支平衡表有哪些账户4.国际收支平衡和均衡有什么区别和联系5.请简述国际收支不平衡的几种类型..6.一国的国际收支失衡对该国经济有何影响五、实务题用复式记账法纪录以下各笔交易并编制一个完整的国际收支平衡表..1.甲国企业出口价值100万美元的设备;这一行为导致该企业在海外银行存款的相应增加..2.甲国居民到外国旅游花销30万美元;这笔费用从该居民的海外存款账户中扣除..3.外商以价值1000万美元的设备投入甲国;兴办合资企业..4.甲国政府动用外汇库存40万美元向外国提供无偿援助;另提供相当于60万美元的粮食药品援助..5.甲国某企业在海外投资所得利润150万美元..其中75万美元用于当地的再投资;50万美元购买当地商品运回国内;25万美元调回国内结售政府以换取本国货币..6.甲国居民动用其在海外存款40万美元;用以购买外国某公司股票..第十二章练习题一、选择题1.以下几种外币资产中;不是外汇的是A.美元B.英镑C.港元D.越南盾2.银行即期汇率报价为1USD=1.7889-1.7899DM;远期汇水为400-360;则银行远期汇价A.1USD=1.7889-0.04-1.7899-0.036DMB.1USD=1.7889-0.036-1.7899-0.04DMC.1USD=1.7889-0.4-1.7899-0.36DMD.1USD=1.7889-0.36-1.7899-0.4DM3.下述哪一种不属于投机性外汇交易A.双边套汇B.多边套汇C.套利D.套期保值4.下述几种货币中;哪一种是实行联合浮动的货币A.英镑B.日元C.美元D.人民币5.发展中国家主要采取的汇率制度是A.固定汇率制B.浮动汇率制C.钉住汇率制D.联合浮动制6.可以在国际金融市场上自由地.不受任何限制地兑换成其他国家货币或用于第三国进行支付的货币称为 ..A.自由兑换货币B.记帐货币C.经常项目下可兑换货币D.完全不能兑换的货币7. 意味着远期外汇价格较即期外汇价格要低..A. 升水B.贴水C.平价D.升值8. 是利用两个国家地区金融市场利息率的差异;将资金从利率较低的市场调往利率较高的市场以赚取利率差收益的一种外汇投机活动..A.择期远期交易B.套期保值C.套汇D.套利9.从银行买卖外汇的角度;汇率可以分为A.买入汇率B.卖出汇率C.金融汇率D.中间汇率10.外汇交易市场按照组织形式可以分为A.具体市场B.抽象市场C.欧洲市场D.美洲市场11.一般来讲;现在有大类汇率制度A.2B.3C.4D.512.金本位下;汇率决定的基础是A.黄金输送点B.黄金输出点C.黄金输入点D.铸币平价13.大部分发展中国家的货币A.可以自由兑换B.不能自由兑换C.实行浮动汇率D.实行钉住汇率14.下列哪些是外汇市场的参与者A.外汇银行B.中央银行C.进出口商D.政府15.从制订汇率的角度;汇率可以分为A.买入汇率B.卖出汇率C.基本汇率D.套算汇率二、填空题1.外汇的含义是__________________..2.以本国货币表示外国货币的价格的外汇标价方法称为_________..3._________是两种货币之间的汇价不是直接标定出来的;而是通过它们与第三种货币例如美元的汇价套算出来的汇率..4.在金本位制下;每对货币汇率的_________由它们的铸币的含金量决定;市场汇率波动以_________为界限..5._________不仅是外汇市场的参与者;还是实际操纵者..三、名词解释1.外汇2.外汇市场3.外汇管制4.汇率5.浮动汇率6.联系汇率7.升水和贴水四、问答题1.简述发展中国家汇率制度的主要特征..2.简述外汇市场的参与者..3.汇率根据不同的划分标准可以区分为哪些种类4.什么是汇率制度有哪些种类5.结合实际;试析外汇管制产生的根源..6.发达国家与发展中国家实行外汇管制的原因..7.浮动汇率制大体上有哪些类型五.计算题假定纽约市场美元年利率11%;伦敦市场英镑年利率13%;伦敦外汇市场的即期汇率1￡=$2.0040~2.0050;一年期远期汇率1￡=$1.9840~1.9860;一美国商人在伦敦市场买进1万英镑;存放伦敦收取利息;同时卖出一年期期汇一万英镑;防止汇率风险变动.计算美国商人的收益第十三章练习题一、选择题1.甲乙两国货币的实际汇率由名义汇率以及_______共同决定..A.甲国货币购买力B.乙国货币购买力C.两国利率水平D.两国相对物价水平2.设一年前美元对人民币的汇率是1美元等于8.2345元人民币;假设美国的物价比前一年上升8%;而中国的物价水平上升10%;则美元与人民币之间理论上的汇率为8.085 C3. 从为;两个国家货币之间的汇率主要是由这两国货币在各自国家所具有的购买力决定的..A.购买力平价说B.货币主义汇率决定理论C.资产选择分析法D.利息平价理论4.购买力平价理论最早是由提出的A.休谟B.凯恩斯C.卡塞尔D.弗来明5.利率平价理论告诉我们;本国利率高于外国利率的差额等于本国货币的A.升值程度B.贬值程度C.膨胀率D.汇率水平二、填空题1.利息平价说是关于_________决定的理论..2.汇率决定理论包括_________._________;利率平价理论等..3.金本位制度下;_________是汇率波动的幅度..三、名词解释1.购买力平价2.一价定律3.利率平价四、简答题。
国际经济学练习题第五次答案
国际经济学练习题第五次1. 重商主义认为下述哪一种方式不是获取金银的方法（ C ）。
A. 开采金矿B. 暴力掠夺C. 国内贸易D. 通过对外贸易获取2. 根据产品生命周期理论，技术创新国在哪个阶段会从模仿国进口产品（ C） A. 产品成长阶段B. 产品成熟阶段C. 模仿国大批生产阶段D. 模仿国大批出口阶段3. 下列观点哪一种不属于重叠需求理论（ C ）A. 一种产品是否生产首先取决于国内市场的有效需求B. 两国需求结构越相似，两国之间的贸易量越大C. 需求结构与人们的收入水平没有直接关系D. 需求分为代表性需求和重叠性需求4. 按照征收目的不同，关税可以分为（ C ）A. 进口税、出口税和过境税B. 从量税、从价税和混合税C. 财政关税和保护关税D. 财政关税和过境关税5. 贸易创造是指（ C ）A. 成员国之间相互进口量增加B. 成员国之间相互出口量增加C. 成员国之间相互取消关税所带来的贸易规模的扩大和福利的增加D. 成员国之间建立共同的对外关税和成员国之间相互取消关税所带来的利益6．如果A 国的劳动力转移到B 国，在其他条件不变的情况下，则（ B ）A. A 国的厂商会因为劳动力的跨国流动而获得更多的利益B. B 国的厂商会因为劳动力的跨国流动而获得更多的利益C. A 国的劳动力会因为劳动力的跨国流动而遭受损失D.两国的劳动力和厂商都会因为劳动力的跨国流动而获得利益7. 技术转移对输出国的影响主要表现为（ A ）A 、 有利于扩大对外贸易，改善本国的国际收支状况B 、 有利于推动本国产业技术的更新换代和产业结构的合理调整一、单项选择题（每小题1分，共20分）在下列每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确的答案，并将其字母标号填入题干的括号内。
C、有利于技术创新能力的提高D、可以大量节省研发费用，促进科技创新8.同国内投资相比，国际投资的主要特点为（ D ）A、国际投资货币单位和货币体制的差异性B、国际投资领域的市场分割及不完全竞争性C、国际投资目的的单一性D、投资环境的供给差异9.根据李斯特的观点，对于幼稚工业的保护不应该超过（）A、30年B、15年C、20年D、10年10.重商主义的基本观点是（ A ）A、世界资源是有限的、一定的、国家的最主要目标是利用一切方法增强国家实力B、国际市场是资本主义国家可以自由利用的市场C、增加财富的最好手段就是促使各国的市场开放，从而达到贸易自由化D、增加财富的主要手段是国际贸易，因而贸易自由化是资本注意国家应该采取的最好对外贸易政策11. 要素丰裕度是指（ B ）A、产品生产中某种要素投入的比例大小B、一国拥有经济资源的相对丰富程度C、资本密集型产品D、劳动密集型产业12.下列哪种方式不属于进口配额的发放方式（ B ）A、竞争性拍卖B、按照过去的发放数额发放C、按申请程序发放D、按固定比例优惠发放13.下述哪一个不属于不公平竞争的范畴（ D ）A、低价倾销B、出口补贴C、污染环境D、采用先进技术占有国外市场14.贸易转移是指（ D ）A、成员国之间的进口量减小B、成员国之间的出口量减小C、成员国之间相互取消关税所带来的贸易规模的扩大和福利的增加D、成员国之间建立共同的对外关税和成员国之间相互取消关税所带来的贸易方向的转移15.下述哪一个不属于关税同盟的其他静态动态效应（ C ）A.减少行政开支B.改善贸易条件C.有利于扩大成员国、非成员国的投资D.减少走私16. 劳动力跨国流动的主要原因为（ C ）A. 自然资源的不均衡，促使劳动力从自然资源相对比较匮乏的地区流向自然资源比较丰富的地区B. 所有国家都普遍鼓励劳动力流入C. 劳动力总量、结构以及供求的不均衡，导致劳动力价格的不均衡，进而引起劳动力在国际范围流动D. 经济增长比较快的国家对劳动力的需求引发了劳动力的流动17. 超保护贸易理论的创始人是（ A ）A. 凯恩斯B. 休谟C. 蒙代尔D. 克鲁格曼18. IS曲线的左侧代表（ B ）A.失业B.通货膨胀C.贸易逆差D.贸易顺差19. 如果一国的经济同时存在失业和贸易逆差，其可以采用的政策措施为（ C ）A.财政扩张和货币扩张B.财政紧缩和货币紧缩C.财政扩张和货币紧缩D.财政紧缩和货币扩张20. 根据蒙代尔—弗莱明模型，对于实行浮动汇率制度且资本市场完全开放的小国来说，财政政策是（ B ）A.最有效的B.完全无效的依赖于货币政策的二、填空题（每小题1分，共10分）21.总供给是指一个经济在其生产能力和生产成本既定时，所有厂商在一定价格水平下意欲生产和销售的产品和劳务的总量曲线的右侧代表国际收支赤字23.在固定汇率下，当资本完全流动时，采用货币政策调节国际收支对本国国民收入产生影响被证明是无效的24.在浮动汇率和资本完全移动的条件下，财政政策完全无效25.在浮动汇率下，当资本不完全流动时政府扩张性财政政策一般会提高收入和利率26.经济危机一般包括繁荣、危机、萧条和复苏四个阶段27.发展中国家在战后先后采用了鼓励初级产品出口，进口替代和出口替代三种贸易政策28. 关税同盟的效果如何必须考虑静态和动态两方面效应。
《国际经济学》习题1及答案
第1章绪论重点问题:国际经济学的产生、发展、对象及其其他经济学科的关系一、单选题1．国际经济学分析的最基本的出发点是（ B ）A.经济增长B.经济自然增长C.制度创新的经济增长D.经济发展2．经济发展是（ D ）A.经济结构的变革B.社会和政治体制的变革C.经济自然增长D.制度创新的经济增长3．国际经济最基本的出发点是（ B ）A.社会分工B.国际分工C.产业内分工D.产业之间的分工和合作4．国际经济交往的主要方式是（ A ）A.生产要素跨国界流动B.国际分工C.商品跨国界流通D.开放经济5.下列哪个不是国际经济学研究的内容（ D ）A.国际贸易纯理论研究B.外汇理论研究C.跨国公司研究D.国内消费水平研究6.从国际经济学的角度来考察，构成经济活动的基本单位或行为主体是（ D ）A.企业B.居民户C.家庭D.国家7.从国际经济资源流动的难度看，最容易流动的要素是( A )A.商品B.资本C.人员D.技术二、判断题1．经济的自然增长与人口的自然增长有关。
（√）2．国际经济学的重要出发点和归宿点是国际资源配置、国际经济福利分配和可持续发展。
（√）3．一般而言，国际经济运行中，经济调节手段能够贯彻得比较彻底。
（×）4．经济产出与经济要素在国际间可以流动但却不能自由流动。
（√）5．个体、企业和国家的跨国经济活动有机结合形成开放经济。
（×）6．国际经济学的研究对象是国与国之间的经济活动和经济关系。
（√）7．国际经济中不存在公平和效率问题。
（×）8．无论国际经济的经济主体还是国内经济的经济主体，其运行的主要基础是市场。
（√）9.国际贸易与国内贸易有相同的起因和特征，彼此之间不存在本质上的差别。
（√）10.国际经济学是国内经济学的延伸。
（√）三、名词解释国际经济学（International Economics）国际经济学是一门通过对国际贸易、国际金融以及国家宏观经济政策的分析来研究国际经济关系并揭示其传导机制以及规律的理论经济学。
国际经济学英文题库(最全版附答案)
【国际经济学】英文题库Chapter 1: IntroductionMultiple-Choice Questions1. Which of the following products are not produced at all in the United States?*A. Coffee, tea, cocoaB. steel, copper, aluminumC. petroleum, coal, natural gasD. typewriters, computers, airplanes2. International trade is most important to the standard of living of:A. the United States*B. SwitzerlandC. GermanyD. England3. Over time, the economic interdependence of nations has:*A. grownB. diminishedC. remained unchangedD. cannot say4. A rough measure of the degree of economic interdependence of a nation is given by:A. the size of the nations' populationB. the percentage of its population to its GDP*C. the percentage of a nation's imports and exports to its GDPD. all of the above5. Economic interdependence is greater for:*A. small nationsB. large nationsC. developed nationsD. developing nations6. The gravity model of international trade predicts that trade between two nations is largerA. the larger the two nationsB. the closer the nationsC. the more open are the two nations*D. all of the above7. International economics deals with:A. the flow of goods, services, and payments among nationsB. policies directed at regulating the flow of goods, services, and paymentsC. the effects of policies on the welfare of the nation*D. all of the above8. International trade theory refers to:*A. the microeconomic aspects of international tradeB. the macroeconomic aspects of international tradeC. open economy macroeconomics or international financeD. all of the above9. Which of the following is not the subject matter of international finance?A. foreign exchange marketsB. the balance of payments*C. the basis and the gains from tradeD. policies to adjust balance of payments disequilibria10. Economic theory:A. seeks to explain economic eventsB. seeks to predict economic eventsC. abstracts from the many detail that surrounds an economic event*D. all of the above11. Which of the following is not an assumption generally made in the study of inter national economics?A. two nationsB. two commodities*C. perfect international mobility of factorsD. two factors of production12. In the study of international economics:A. international trade policies are examined before the bases for tradeB. adjustment policies are discussed before the balance of paymentsC. the case of many nations is discussed before the two-nations case*D. none of the above13. International trade is similar to interregional trade in that both must overcome: *A. distance and spaceB. trade restrictionsC. differences in currenciesD. differences in monetary systems14. The opening or expansion of international trade usually affects all members of so ciety:A. positivelyB. negatively*C. most positively but some negativelyD. most negatively but some positively15. An increase in the dollar price of a foreign currency usually:A. benefit U.S. importers*B. benefits U.S. exportersC. benefit both U.S. importers and U.S. exportersD. harms both U.S. importers and U.S. exporters16. Which of the following statements with regard to international economics is true?A. It is a relatively new field*B. it is a relatively old fieldC. most of its contributors were not economistsD. none of the above思考题：1.为什么学习国际经济学非常重要？2.列举表达当前国际经济学问题的一些重要事件，它们为什么重要？3.当今世界面临的最重要的国家经济问题是什么？全球化的利弊各是什么？Chapter 2: The Law of Comparative AdvantageMultiple-Choice Questions1. The Mercantilists did not advocate:*A.free tradeB. stimulating the nation's exportsC. restricting the nations' importsD. the accumulation of gold by the nation2. According to Adam Smith, international trade was based on:*A. absolute advantageB. comparative advantageC. both absolute and comparative advantageD. neither absolute nor comparative advantage3. What proportion of international trade is based on absolute advantage?A. AllB. most*C. someD. none4. The commodity in which the nation has the smallest absolute disadvantage is the commodity of its:A. absolute disadvantageB. absolute advantageC. comparative disadvantage*D. comparative advantage5. If in a two-nation (A and B), two-commodity (X and Y) world, it is established tha t nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity X, then nation B must have:A. an absolute advantage in commodity YB. an absolute disadvantage in commodity YC. a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*D. a comparative advantage in commodity Y6. If with one hour of labor time nation A can produce either 3X or 3Y while nationB can produce either 1X or 3Y (and labor is the only input):A. nation A has a comparative disadvantage in commodity XB. nation B has a comparative disadvantage in commodity Y*C. nation A has a comparative advantage in commodity XD. nation A has a comparative advantage in neither commodity7. With reference to the statement in Question 6:A. Px/Py=1 in nation AB. Px/Py=3 in nation BC. Py/Px=1/3 in nation B*D. all of the above8. With reference to the statement in Question 6, if 3X is exchanged for 3Y:A. nation A gains 2X*B. nation B gains 6YC. nation A gains 3YD. nation B gains 3Y9. With reference to the statement of Question 6, the range of mutually beneficial tra de between nation A and B is:A. 3Y < 3X < 5YB. 5Y < 3X < 9Y*C. 3Y < 3X < 9YD. 1Y < 3X < 3Y10. If domestically 3X=3Y in nation A, while 1X=1Y domestically in nation B:A. there will be no trade between the two nationsB. the relative price of X is the same in both nationsC. the relative price of Y is the same in both nations*D. all of the above11. Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage on the basis of:*A. the labor theory of valueB. the opportunity cost theoryC. the law of diminishing returnsD. all of the above12. Which of the following statements is true?A. The combined demand for each commodity by the two nations is negatively slope dB. the combined supply for each commodity by the two nations is rising stepwiseC. the equilibrium relative commodity price for each commodity with trade is giv en by the intersection of the demand and supply of each commodity by the two nati ons*D. all of the above13. A difference in relative commodity prices between two nations can be based upo n a difference in:A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastes*D. all of the above14. In the trade between a small and a large nation:A. the large nation is likely to receive all of the gains from trade*B. the small nation is likely to receive all of the gains from tradeC. the gains from trade are likely to be equally sharedD. we cannot say15. The Ricardian trade model has been empirically*A. verifiedB. rejectedC. not testedD. tested but the results were inconclusive思考题：比拟优势原理所带来的贸易所得是从何而来的？贸易利益又是如何分配的？现实世界中比拟优势是如何度量的？你认为目前中国具有比拟优势的商品有哪些？这意味着什么？比拟优势会不会发生变化？什么样的原因可能会导致其变化？经济学家是如何验证比拟优势原理的？Chapter 3: The Standard Theory of International TradeMultiple-Choice Questions1. A production frontier that is concave from the origin indicates that the nation incur s increasing opportunity costs in the production of:A. commodity X onlyB. commodity Y only*C. both commoditiesD. neither commodity2. The marginal rate of transformation (MRT) of X for Y refers to:A. the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit of XB. the opportunity cost of XC. the absolute slope of the production frontier at the point of production*D. all of the above3. Which of the following is not a reason for increasing opportunity costs:*A. technology differs among nationsB. factors of production are not homogeneousC. factors of production are not used in the same fixed proportion in the production of all commoditiesD. for the nation to produce more of a commodity, it must use resources that are le ss and less suited in the production of the commodity4. Community indifference curves:A. are negatively slopedB. are convex to the originC. should not cross*D. all of the above5. The marginal rate of substitution (MRS) of X for Y in consumption refers to the:A. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y and still remain o n the same indifference curve*B. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X and still remain on the same indifference curveC. amount of X that a nation must give up for one extra unit of Y to reach a higher indifference curveD. amount of Y that a nation must give up for one extra unit of X to reach a higher indifference curve6. Which of the following statements is true with respect to the MRS of X for Y?A. It is given by the absolute slope of the indifference curveB. declines as the nation moves down an indifference curveC. rises as the nation moves up an indifference curve*D. all of the above7. Which of the following statements about community indifference curves is true?A. They are entirely unrelated to individuals' community indifference curvesB. they cross, they cannot be used in the analysis*C. the problems arising from intersecting community indifference curves can be over come by the application of the compensation principleD. all of the above.8. Which of the following is not true for a nation that is in equilibrium in isolation? *A. It consumes inside its production frontierB. it reaches the highest indifference curve possible with its production frontierC. the indifference curve is tangent to the nation's production frontierD. MRT of X for Y equals MRS of X for Y, and they are equal to Px/Py9. If the internal Px/Py is lower in nation 1 than in nation 2 without trade:A. nation 1 has a comparative advantage in commodity YB. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity X*C. nation 2 has a comparative advantage in commodity YD. none of the above10. Nation 1's share of the gains from trade will be greater:A. the greater is nation 1's demand for nation 2's exports*B. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 2's pretrade Px/PyC. the weaker is nation 2's demand for nation 1's exportsD. the closer Px/Py with trade settles to nation 1's pretrade Px/Py11. If Px/Py exceeds the equilibrium relative Px/Py with tradeA. the nation exporting commodity X will want to export more of X than at equilibr iumB. the nation importing commodity X will want to import less of X than at equilibri umC. Px/Py will fall toward the equilibrium Px/Py*D. all of the above12. With free trade under increasing costs:A. neither nation will specialize completely in productionB. at least one nation will consume above its production frontierC. a small nation will always gain from trade*D. all of the above13. Which of the following statements is false?A.The gains from trade can be broken down into the gains from exchange and the gains from specializationB. gains from exchange result even without specialization*C. gains from specialization result even without exchangeD. none of the above14. The gains from exchange with respect to the gains from specialization are alway s:A. greaterB. smallerC. equal*D. we cannot say without additional information15. Mutually beneficial trade cannot occur if production frontiers are:A. equal but tastes are notB. different but tastes are the sameC. different and tastes are also different*D. the same and tastes are also the same.思考题：国际贸易的标准理论与大卫.李嘉图的比拟优势原理有何异同？两国仅仅由于需求偏好不同可以进行市场分工和狐狸贸易吗？两国仅仅由于要素禀赋不同和/或生产技术不同可以进行分工和贸易吗?Chapter 4: Demand and Supply, Offer Curves, and the Terms of TradeMultiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is correct?A. The demand for imports is given by the excess demand for the commodityB. the supply of exports is given by the excess supply of the commodityC. the supply curve of exports is flatter than the total supply curve of the commodity *D. all of the above2. At a relative commodity price above equilibriumA. the excess demand for a commodity exceeds the excess supply of the commodityB. the quantity demanded of imports exceeds the quantity supplied of exports*C. the commodity price will fallD. all of the above3. The offer curve of a nation shows:A. the supply of a nation's importsB. the demand for a nation's exportsC. the trade partner's demand for imports and supply of exports*D. the nation's demand for imports and supply of exports4. The offer curve of a nation bulges toward the axis measuring the nationsA. import commodity*B. export commodityC. export or import commodityD. nontraded commodity5. Export prices must rise for a nation to increase its exports because the nation:A. incurs increasing opportunity costs in export productionB. faces decreasing opportunity costs in producing import substitutesC. faces decreasing marginal rate of substitution in consumption*D. all of the above6. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is false?A. It relies on traditional demand and supply curvesB. it isolates for study one market*C. it can be used to determine the equilibrium relative commodity price but not the equilibrium quantity with tradeD. none of the above7. Which of the following statements regarding partial equilibrium analysis is true?A. The demand and supply curve are derived from the nation's production frontier an d indifference mapB. It shows the same basic information as offer curvesC. It shows the same equilibrium relative commodity prices as with offer curves*D. all of the above8. In what way does partial equilibrium analysis differ from general equilibrium analy sis?A. The former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium price withtradeB. the former but not the latter can be used to determine the equilibrium quantity with tradeC. the former but not the latter takes into consideration the interaction among all ma rkets in the economy*D. the former gives only an approximation to the answer sought.9. If the terms of trade of a nation are 1.5 in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner are:A. 3/4*B. 2/3C. 3/2D. 4/310. If the terms of trade increase in a two-nation world, those of the trade partner: *A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the above11. If a nation does not affect world prices by its trading, its offer curve:A. is a straight lineB. bulges toward the axis measuring the import commodity*C. intersects the straight-line segment of the world's offer curveD. intersects the positively-sloped portion of the world's offer curve12. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodityB. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its import commodit yC. the partner's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity *D. the nation's offer curve rotates toward the axis measuring its export commodity13. If the nation's tastes for its import commodity increases:A. the nation's terms of trade remain unchanged*B. the nation's terms of trade deteriorateC. the partner's terms of trade deteriorateD. any of the above14. If the tastes for a nation import commodity increases, trade volume:*A. increasesB. declinesC. remains unchangedD. any of the above15. A deterioration of a nation's terms of trade causes the nation's welfare to:A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchanged*D. any of the above思考题：提供曲线如何推导？有何用途？两国贸易时的均衡商品价格是如何决定的？受哪些因素影响？贸易条件的含义是？贸易条件的改善意味着什么？哪些因素可能导致贸易条件的改善？Chapter 5: Factor Endowments and the Heckscher-Ohlin TheoryMultiple-Choice Questions1. The H-O model extends the classical trade model by:A. explaining the basis for comparative advantageB. examining the effect of trade on factor prices*C. both A and BD. neither A nor B2. Which is not an assumption of the H-O model:A. the same technology in both nationsB. constant returns to scale*C. complete specializationD. equal tastes in both nations3. With equal technology nations will have equal K/L in production if:*A. factor prices are the sameB. tastes are the sameC. production functions are the sameD. all of the above4. We say that commodity Y is K-intensive with respect to X when:A. more K is used in the production of Y than XB. less L is used in the production of Y than X*C. a lower L/K ratio is used in the production of Y than XD. a higher K/L is used in the production of X than Y5. When w/r falls, L/KA. falls in the production of both commodities*B. rises in the production of both commoditiesC. can rise or fallD. is not affected6. A nation is said to have a relative abundance of K if it has a:A. greater absolute amount of KB. smaller absolute amount of LC. higher L/K ratio*D. lower r/w7. A difference in relative commodity prices between nations can be based on a diffe rence in:A. technologyB. factor endowmentsC. tastes*D. all of the above8. In the H-O model, international trade is based mostly on a difference in:A. technology*B. factor endowmentsC. economies of scaleD. tastes9. According to the H-O model, trade reduces international differences in:A. relative but not absolute factor pricesB. absolute but not relative factor prices*C. both relative and absolute factor pricesD. neither relative nor absolute factor prices10. According to the H-O model, international trade will:A. reduce international differences in per capita incomesB. increases international differences in per capita incomes*C. may increase or reduce international differences in per capita incomes D. lead to complete specialization11. The H-O model is a general equilibrium model because it deals with:A. production in both nationsB. consumption in both nationsC. trade between the two nations*D. all of the above12. The H-O model is a simplification of the a truly general equilibrium model because it deals with:A. two nationsB. two commoditiesC. two factors of production*D. all of the above13. The Leontief paradox refers to the empirical finding that U.S.*A. import substitutes are more K-intensive than exportsB. imports are more K-intensive than exportsC. exports are more L-intensive than importsD. exports are more K-intensive than import substitutes14. From empirical studies, we conclude that the H-O theory:A. must be rejectedB. must be accepted without reservations*C. can be accepted while awaiting further testingD. explains all international trade15. For factor reversal to occur, two commodities must be produced with:*A. sufficiently different elasticity of substitution of factorsB. the same K/L ratioC. technologically-fixed factor proportionsD. equal elasticity of substitution of factors思考题：H-O理论有哪些假设？各假设的含义是什么？为什么要做出这些假设？如何检验H-O理论的正确性？H-O-S定理的假设条件又是什么？他与生产要素国际间的流动有何关系？如何检验H-O-S定理在现实中的可靠性？Chapter 6: Economies of Scale, Imperfect Competition, and International T radeMultiple-Choice Questions:1. Relaxing the assumptions on which the Heckscher-Ohlin theory rests:A. leads to rejection of the theoryB. leaves the theory unaffected*C. requires complementary trade theoriesD. any of the above.Which of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, leav ethe theory unaffected?A. Two nations, two commodities, and two factorsB. both nations use the same technologyC. the same commodity is L-intensive in both nations*D. all of the aboveWhich of the following assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin theory, when relaxed, require new trade theories?*A. Economies of scaleB. incomplete specializationC. similar tastes in both nationsD. the existence of transportation costsInternational trade can be based on economies of scale even if both nations have ide ntical:A. factor endowmentsB. tastesC. technology*D. all of the above5. A great deal of international trade:A. is intra-industry tradeB. involves differentiated productsC. is based on monopolistic competition*D. all of the above6. The Heckscher-Ohlin and new trade theories explains most of the trade:A. among industrial countriesB. between developed and developing countriesC. in industrial goods*D. all of the aboveThe theory that a nation exports those products for which a large domestic market e xistswas advanced by:*A. LinderB. VernonC. LeontiefD. Ohlin8. Intra-industry trade takes place:A. because products are homogeneous*B. in order to take advantage of economies of scaleC. because perfect competition is the prevalent form of market organizationD. all of the aboveIf a nation exports twice as much of a differentiated product that it imports, its intra-industry (T) index is equal to:A. 1.00B. 0.75*C. 0.50D. 0.2510. Trade based on technological gaps is closely related to:A. the H-O theory*B. the product-cycle theoryC. Linder's theoryD. all of the above11. Which of the following statements is true with regard to the product-cycle theor y?A. It depends on differences in technological changes over time among countriesB. it depends on the opening and the closing of technological gaps among countriesC. it postulates that industrial countries export more advanced products to less advan ced countries*D. all of the above12. Transport costs:A. increase the price in the importing countryB. reduces the price in the exporting country*C. both of the aboveD. neither A nor B.13. Transport costs can be analyzed:A. with demand and supply curvesB. production frontiersC. offer curves*D. all of the above14. The share of transport costs will fall less heavily on the nation:*A. with the more elastic demand and supply of the traded commodityB. with the less elastic demand and supply of the traded commodityC. exporting agricultural productsD. with the largest domestic market15. A footloose industry is one in which the product:A. gains weight in processingB. loses weight in processingC. both of the above*D. neither A nor B.思考题：本章的贸易理论与基于比拟优势的贸易理论有哪些不同？这两类贸易理论是互相排斥的吗？H-O理论与心贸易理论之间有什么经验关联？运输本钱对H-O定理和H-O-S定理有何影响？不同的环保标准时如何影响产业选址及国际贸易的？2021年底联合国哥本哈根气候大会中的议题与国际贸易有何关系？这对我国经贸开展有何影响？Chapter 7: Economic Growth and International TradeMultiple-Choice Questions1. Dynamic factors in trade theory refer to changes in:A. factor endowmentsB. technologyC. tastes*D. all of the above2. Doubling the amount of L and K under constant returns to scale:A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodityB. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodityC. leaves the shape of the production frontier unchanged*D. all of the above.3. Doubling only the amount of L available under constant returns to scale:A. less than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity*B. more than doubles the output of the L-intensive commodityC. doubles the output of the K-intensive commodityD. leaves the output of the K-intensive commodity unchanged4. The Rybczynski theorem postulates that doubling L at constant relative commodity prices:A. doubles the output of the L-intensive commodity*B. reduces the output of the K-intensive commodityC. increases the output of both commoditiesD. any of the above5. Doubling L is likely to:A. increases the relative price of the L-intensive commodityB. reduces the relative price of the K-intensive commodity*C. reduces the relative price of the L-intensive commodityD. any of the aboveTechnical progress that increases the productivity of L proportionately more than the productivity of K is called:*A. capital savingB. labor savingC. neutralD. any of the above7. A 50 percent productivity increase in the production of commodity Y:A. increases the output of commodity Y by 50 percentB. does not affect the output of XC. shifts the production frontier in the Y direction only*D. any of the above8. Doubling L with trade in a small L-abundant nation:*A. reduces the nation's social welfareB. reduces the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of tradeD. all of the above9. Doubling L with trade in a large L-abundant nation:A. reduces the nation's social welfareB. reduces the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of trade*D. all of the aboveIf, at unchanged terms of trade, a nation wants to trade more after growth, then the nation's terms of trade can be expected to:*A. deteriorateB. improveC. remain unchangedD. any of the aboveA proportionately greater increase in the nation's supply of labor than of capital is lik elyto result in a deterioration in the nation's terms of trade if the nation exports: A. the K-intensive commodity*B. the L-intensive commodityC. either commodityD. both commodities12. Technical progress in the nation's export commodity:*A. may reduce the nation's welfareB. will reduce the nation's welfareC. will increase the nation's welfareD. leaves the nation's welfare unchanged13. Doubling K with trade in a large L-abundant nation:A. increases the nation's welfareB. improves the nation's terms of tradeC. reduces the volume of trade*D. all of the above14. An increase in tastes for the import commodity in both nations:A. reduces the volume of trade*B. increases the volume of tradeC. leaves the volume of trade unchangedD. any of the above15. An increase in tastes of the import commodity of Nation A and export in B:*A. will reduce the terms of trade of Nation AB. will increase the terms of trade of Nation AC. will reduce the terms of trade of Nation BD. any of the above思考题：要素积累和技术进步如何影响一国的生产可能性曲线的形状和位置？何种类型的经济增长最可恩能够导致国家福利的下降？那种类型的经济增长最可能导致国家福利的改善？Chapter 8: Trade Restrictions: TariffsMultiple-choice Questions1. Which of the following statements is incorrect?A. An ad valorem tariff is expressed as a percentage of the value of the traded com modityB. A specific tariff is expressed as a fixed sum of the value of the traded commodity.C. Export tariffs are prohibited by the U.S. Constitution*D. The U.S. uses exclusively the specific tariff2. A small nation is one:A. which does not affect world price by its tradingB. which faces an infinitely elastic world supply curve for its import commodityC. whose consumers will pay a price that exceeds the world price by the amount of t he tariff*D. all of the above3. If a small nation increases the tariff on its import commodity, its:A. consumption of the commodity increasesB. production of the commodity decreasesC. imports of the commodity increase*D. none of the aboveThe increase in producer surplus when a small nation imposes a tariff is measured by the area:*A. to the left of the supply curve between the commodity price with and without th e tariffB. under the supply curve between the quantity produced with and without the tariffC. under the demand curve between the commodity price with and without the tariffD. none of the above.。
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《国际经济学》习题集 商务学院 《国际经济学》课程组
448打印店有售 绪 论 一、单项选择题 1、国际经济学是以（ ）为其研究对象的。 A.国际贸易 B.国际经济关系 C.国际金融 D.贸易政策 2、国际经济学的国际贸易部分又分为（ ）两大部分。 A.宏观与微观 B.实物面与货币面 C.理论与政策 D.开放与封闭 3、在封闭条件下，一个经济社会生产均衡的条件是（ ）。 = PX/PY = PX/PY =XP，YC=YP （XC-XP）= PY（YP-YC） 4、在开放条件下，一个经济社会贸易均衡的条件是（ ）。 = PX/PY = PX/PY =XP，YC=YP （XC-XP）= PY（YP-YC） 二、多项选择题 1、国际经济学的研究内容包括（ ）两部分。 A.宏观与微观 B.实物面与货币面 C.理论与政策 D.开放与封闭 E.国际贸易与国际金融 2、在封闭条件下，一个经济社会均衡的条件是（ ）。 = PX/PY = PX/PY =XP，YC=YP （XC-XP）= PY（YP-YC） =PY 3、在开放条件下，一个经济社会均衡的条件是（ ）。 = PX/PY = PX/PY =XP，YC=YP （XC-XP）= PY（YP-YC） =PY 三、名词解释 生产可能性边界 无差异曲线 机会成本 边际替代率 边际转换率 四、判断改错 1、在开放经济条件下，只有市场出清才能实现开放的均衡。（ ） 2、国际经济学研究的主要内容是在国际格局下西方经济学研究的资源流动和管理机制问题。（ ） 3、在机会成本递增的条件下，生产可能性边界是一条直线。（ ） 五、简答题 1、简述国际经济学的研究对象。 2、简述国际经济学的主要研究内容。 3、简述国际经济学与西方经济学的关系。 六、图形题 1、作图说明封闭均衡的条件。 2、作图说明开放均衡的条件。 七、论述题 试分析一国在封闭与开放情况下决定其经济一般均衡的条件有何差异。
第一章 传统的国际贸易理论 一、单项选择题 1、重商主义理论是一种（ ） A.国际金融的“乘数理论” B.国际贸易的“零和理论” C.国际金融的“杠杆理论” D.国际贸易的“绝对利益理论” 2、绝对技术差异论的提出者是( ) A.斯密 B.李嘉图 C.俄林 D.魁奈 3、在比较利益模型中，两种参与贸易商品的国际比价( ) A.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之上 B.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之下 C.在两国贸易前的两种商品的国内比价之间 D.与贸易前的任何一个国家的国内比价相同 4.在绝对技术差异理论与相对技术差异理论的论证过程中，机会成本( ) A.递增 B.递减 C.先递增后递减 D.不变
5、本国生产1、2、3、4四种产品的单位劳动投入分别为1、2、4、15，外国生产这四种产品的单位劳动投入分别为12、18、24、30，根据李嘉图模型，本国在哪种产品上拥有最大比较优势在哪种产品上拥有最大比较劣势 ( ) A. 4、1 、2 C.1、4 、3 6、比较利益理论认为国际贸易的驱动力是( ) A.劳动生产率的差异 B.技术水平的差异 C.产品品质的差异 D.价格的差异 7、赫克歇尔—俄林模型认为国际贸易的根本原因是（ ） A.各国生产要素禀赋不同 B.各国劳动生产率不同 C.各国技术水平不同 D.各国产品技术含量不同 8、赫克歇尔---俄林模型说明（ ） A.相对于其他资源，劳动力比较丰裕的国家并不具备比较优势 B.一个劳动力丰裕的国家，应当减少对国际贸易的参与 C.一个非劳动力资源丰裕的国家将不会从国际贸易中的获利 D.国际市场力量将引导各国专业化生产并出口大量使用其丰裕要素生产的产品 9、对于赫克歇尔---俄林理论来说，导致不同国家间相对商品价格差异的最主要的因素是( ) A.要素禀赋 B.国民收入 C.技术 D.消费偏好 10、第一位系统阐述比较优势原理的经济学家是（ ） A.俄林 B.赫克歇尔 C.凯恩斯 D.李嘉图 11、赫克歇尔---俄林理论成功的解释了( ) A.发生在除美国以外的产品创新过程和产业的布局和发展。 B.出口和进口同类产品的国家变得更重要。 C.由于在要素禀赋方面的类似性，美国和加拿大之间的贸易在日益增加。 D.具有不同要素禀赋的工业化国家和发展中国家之间的贸易模式 12、在赫克歇尔---俄林模型中，国际贸易主要基于各国在以下方面的差异（ ） A.技术 B.要素禀赋 C.规模经济 D.差异产品 13、在分析生产要素价格均等化过程，有一系列的假设条件，下列不是其假设条件的有（ ） A.生产要素在一国范围内的各部门间自由流动 B.生产要素在国与国之间自由流动 C.生产要素充分利用 D.不存在贸易障碍和运输费用 14、（ ）对要素禀赋论适用性的检验，既是第一次也是最具代表性的一次。 A.里昂惕夫 B.迈克道格尔 C.鲍德温 D.萨缪尔森 15、奥地利经济学家（ ）运用机会成本的概念重新演绎了比较利益理论。 A.里昂惕夫 B.林德 C.鲍德温 D.哈伯勒 16、个人或国家之间通过专门从事其效率相对较高的产品的生产而获得的额外利益一般称作（ ）。 A.专业化利益 B.交换利益 C.生产者利益 D.消费者利益 二、多项选择题
1、下列对于绝对优势理论的评价，正确的是（ ） A.第一次从生产领域阐述国际贸易的基本原因 B.首次明确肯定国际贸易可以为参与双方带来经济利益 C.将劳动分工的概念扩大到了国际范围，提出了国际分工和专业化生产能使资源得到更有效地利用
D.该理论是以机会成本不变为前提的，因而需进一步完善 E.每个国家都有绝对优势的前提在现实中有很大的局限性 2、国际贸易理论要解决的基本问题是（ ） A.国际贸易的技术差异 B.国际贸易的要素禀赋差异 C.国际贸易的原因 D.国际贸易的利益分配 E.国际贸易的结构 3、古典的国际贸易理论包括( ) A.绝对技术差异论 B.相对技术差异论 C.生产要素禀赋论 D.规模经济理论 E.相互需求贸易理论 4、假定每单位A 产品的生产需要20 单位劳动与4 单位土地，每单位B产品的 生产需要1单位劳动与4 单位土地，如果本国有1200单位劳动与2000 单位 土地， 外国有400 单位劳动与500 单位土地，根据H-O 理论可推出（ ） A. 本国出口A产品、进口B产品 B. 本国出口B产品、进口A产品 C. 外国出口A 产品、进口B产品 D. 外国出口B产品、进口A产品 E. 两国不发生贸易 5、根据H--O定理，如果一国资本丰裕，劳动稀缺，那么该国应（ ） A.进口劳动密集型产品 B.出口劳动密集型产品 C.出口资本密集型产品 D.进口资本密集型产品 E.专门生产资本密集型产品，不生产劳动密集型产品 6、经济学家们从以下哪些角度解释了里昂惕夫之谜( ) A.人力资本 B.自然资源 C.需求逆转 D.要素密集度逆转 E.贸易壁垒 7、下列哪些理论涉及了国际贸易对要素收入分配的影响（ ） —O定理 B.要素价格均等化定理 —S定理 D.特定要素模型 E.相对技术差异论 8、要素价格均等化的条件是（ ） A.商品价格均等化 B.生产技术条件相同 C.没有关税及运输成本 D.商品的国际自由流动 E.要素的国际不完全流动性 9、生产要素价格均等化理论认为国际贸易能够使各国相同的生产要素的价格趋于均等化，然而现实远非如此，其原因是( ) A.国际贸易远不是自由的 B.各国生产的产品并不相同 C.各国生产的产品所使用的生产要素有差异 D.国际贸易存在各种形式的交易成本 E.生产要素并非都能得到充分利用 10、从国际贸易利益产生的角度看国际贸易利益包括（ ） A.专业化利益 B.交换利益 C.生产者利益 D.消费者利益 E.政府利益 三、名词解释 重商主义 绝对优势 相对优势 要素禀赋 要素密集度 斯托帕—萨缪尔森定理 里昂惕夫之谜 要素密集度逆转 需求逆转 机会成本递增 交换利益 专业化利益 贸易条件 提供曲线 四、判断改错 1、绝对优势理论第一次从生产领域揭示了贸易产生的原因。（ ） 2、当ax>bx by>ay，则A国在X的生产上具有绝对优势，B国在Y的生产上具有绝对优势。 （ ） 3、在封闭条件下，A国X商品的相对价格低于B国X商品的相对价格，因此，我们称A国在X商品上具有绝对优势。（ ） 4、当一国在所有产品的生产上都不具备优势，即使参与国际分工和国际贸易，也不可能从中获得利益。（ ） 5、被西方经济学家推崇为支配国际贸易的永恒“定律”的是亚当·斯密的绝对优势理论。（ ） 6、亚当·斯密认为衡量一国财富的标志不是其所拥有的贵重金属的多少，而是这些贵重金属所能够买得商品数量。（ ） 7、李嘉图认为生产成本取决于劳动投入，而劳动生产率就是生产单位商品的劳动投入量。（ ） 8、一国即使在某种产品的生产上具有绝对劣势，他也可以在该产品的生产上具有比较优势。（ ） 9、根据H--O理论，一国如果比他国拥有更多的土地，那么该国是土地丰裕的国家。（ ） 10、在成本递增的条件下，各国不一定完全专业化于一种产品的生产。（ ） 11、H—O理论假设各国拥有相同的商品偏好。（ ） 12、斯托尔帕---萨缪尔森定理认为，贸易将使丰裕要素所有者的实际收入降低，同时使稀缺要素所有者的实际收入提高。（ ） 13、如果各国的生产技术相同，贸易将不会使要素价格均等化。（ ） 14、要素价格均等化会使两国生产同一种产品的要素密集度均等化。（ ） 15、相对技术差异论的基本原理是“两利相权取其重，两弊相衡取其轻”。（ ） 16、假设生产X产品所需的资本投入量为KX，劳动投入量为LX；生产Y产品所需的资本投入量为KY，劳动投入量为LY，如果KX/LX﹤KY/LY，则X是资本密集型产品，Y是劳动密集型产品。（ ） 17、假设WA，WB分别表示A、B两国的工资率，IA、IB分别表示A、B两国的利息率，如果WA/IA﹤WB/IB，那么A国劳动丰裕，B国资本丰裕。（ ） 18、要素价格均等化理论认为：国际贸易不仅改善了一国整体的福利水平，也使每一个