自学考试英语真题卷及答案
自学考试英语真题卷及答
案
Final approval draft on November 22, 2020
2014年10月全国高等教育自学考试试题
英语（二）试题
（课程代码00015）
第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）
下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判
断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B或C）填在答题纸的相应位置上。
The Stranger Who Changed My Life
It was a sunny morning in the spring of 1966. I was driving a taxi，looking for a customer. While passing New York Hospital， l found a man running down the hospital steps，waving at me.
I stopped. The man reached the taxi and jumped in. “ The
Airport，please，“ he said. As always，I wondered about my passenger. Was this man a talker After a few moments，he started saying，“How do you like driving a taxi”
‘s i t’ s OK，”I said. “I make a living and meet interesting people sometimes.”
“ What do you do” I asked.
“I am a doctor at New York Hospital. ”
Many times during long rides，l’d developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them. This time I decided to ask for his help，”Could I ask a favor of you” He
didn't answer. “I have a son，15，a good kid. He wants a job this summer. i s it possible that you get one for him”
He still wasn't talking, and I was starting to feel foolish. Finally, he said, “ Well, my students have a summer research project. Maybe he could join in. Have him send me his school record. ”
He left his address and paid me. It was the last time I ever saw him.
Robbie sent off his grades the next morning. And gradually this incident was forgotten. Two weeks later, when I arrived home from work, Robbie handed me a letter. He was informed to call Dr. Plum for an interview.
Robbie got the job. The following summer, Robbie worked at the hospital again, but this time, he was given more responsibility. Then, he worked at the hospital for a third summer and gradually developed
a love of medical profession.
Near graduating from college, Robbie applied to and was admitted to New York Medical
College. After getting his medical degree, Robbie, the son of a taxi driver, became a doctor at Columbia Medical Center.
1. The doctor shouted at the taxi driver for a ride.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
2. The doctor wanted to go to the railway station by taxi.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
3. The taxi driver liked talking with his customers.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
4. The taxi driver had two children.
A. True
B. False
C.
Not Given
5. The taxi driver became Dr. Plum' s friend.
A. True
B. False
C.
Not Given
6. The doctor wrote a recommendation letter for Robbie.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
7. Robbie joined in a summer research project.
A. True
B. False
C.
Not Given
8. Robbie gradually got interested in medicine.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
9. Robbie finally became a doctor at New York Hospital.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
10. Big opportunities can come out of ordinary meetings.
A. True
B. False
C.
Not Given
第二部分：阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）
Talk to Your Kids about Their Eating Habits Carefully
Weight is never an easy subject. It can be risky for parents
to raise the issue of eating habits and weight with their kids.
“No kid ever lost weight because his mother told hi m he was fat,” a friend told me when I was worried about my son’s weight.
It turns out she was right, according to a new study. The
study was directed by Dr. Berge at University of Minnesota. She found that kids whose parents discussed eating in a healthy way were les. s likely to have eating problems. But 64% of the kids whose parents focused on their weight turned to unhealthy eating behaviors. Some
kids went on extreme diets, and others even ate no food. So eating disorders were caused. Things were worse when fathers joined in the discussions with their daughters and focused on weight. “Fathers should never comment on their daughters’weight,” says Berge. Instead, she suggests, fathers should focus on their daughters' interests. That can help them feel loved and confident enough to work on their weight issues.
How should parents talk to kids about. eating behaviors According to Berge, they should avoid focusing on how much their kids weigh. They should talk to them about being healthy. Don't compare them with others. Ideally, both parents should share the responsibility. If that' s not possible, choose the parent whose words cause the least amount of stress and who demonstrates healthy eating.
11. The writer' s friend advised her not to .
A. worrv about her son's weight
B. take the risk of gaining weight
C. change her own eating habits
D. talk to her son about his weight
12. The study found that some kids had fewer eating problems because they ________.
A. learned to eat healthily
B. took part in the study
C. focused on their weight
D. believed the scientists
13. When told about their fatness, some kids _____________.
A. felt helpless
B. became angry
C. began to eat no food
D. refused to take any advice
14. If a father focuses on his daughter' s interests, she will feel ____________.
A. amused
B. encouraged
C. surprised
D. challenged
15. When taking to their kids about eating behaviors, parents should ______________.
A. focus on being healthy
B. use short and simple words
C. respect their kids' views
D. compare their kids with others
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16～25题，每题1分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第16—20题后所给
的6个选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21~ 25题后
所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B、C、D、E或F）填在答题纸的相应位.
Plagiarism（剽窃）
①You just found some good .stuff on the Web for your science report. You copy a paragraph and paste it into your report. Then you continue your research. But you just made a big mistake. You committed plagiarism. Plagiarism is when you use someone else' s words or ideas and pretend that they are yours. It' s not allowed in school, college, or beyond.
②The word" plagiarism" comes from Latin. It means stealing a person' s ideas. But it' s not
always easy to tell what is plagiarism and what is not. Sometimes,
it's accidental. You really intended to do your own work, yet ended up with some sentences that sound just like something you’ve read.
③Though plagiarism can be accidental, it's sometimes done on purpose. That' s just being
lazy. By copying whole paragraphs from different places, you don't have to spend the time thinking about the subject, gathering your own thoughts about it, and then putting them into original words. Cut, paste, an d you’re done.
④Most schools are pretty strict about plagiarism, If you’re caught, your graduation will be delayed or worse. At the very least, you’re probably going to fail the assignment. When you’re older and in college, some schools will kick out students who plagiarize. When you’re kicked out of one college, it can be hard to get into another.
⑤To be on the safe side, always make it clear where the information comes from. You need to write references. That’s a list of the sources you used for a project or report. To do that, you’re need to know the author, the title, and the date it was published. If you write something really great, maybe some day someone will quote you in a report.
Task 1 Array
16. Paragraph①:
17. Paragraph②:
1 8. Paragraph③:
19. Paragraph④:
20. Paragraph⑤:
Task 2
21. You commit plagiarism when you ________
22. Sometimes it is hard to tell whether_________
23. Copying whole paragraphs can ____________.
24. Once caught for plagiarism,_______________
25. If you publish something great, people may____.
第四部分：填句补文（第26～30题，每题2分，共10分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据
短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B、C、D、E或F）填在答题纸的相应位置上。
Fruit
Imagine a world without fruit. We wouldn’t be very healthy. We get a lot of important vitamins from eating fruit.
We think of fruit primarily as something to eat. 26 Fruit
is part of a flowering plant and it carries the seeds. The purpose of fruit is to protect a plant's seeds and help them get spread about. Wind and water spread seeds. So do animals when they eat fruit and drop the seeds. 27 There are two main types of fruit fleshy and dry. Fleshy fruits are soft and juicy. Pears, bananas and apples are all fleshy fruits. 28 Grains like wheat and rice, or nuts like chestnuts(板栗) ,are dry fruits.
But wait You’ve eaten oranges and grapes without seeds. How can they be fruits It's because people have changed the way they grow fruit. They can now grow seedless fruit. Seedless fruit comes from special plants that are made by combining two varieties of a fruit to form a new variety. These special plants grow and produce seeds. 29 These plants cannot reproduce themselves. They can make fruit, but
the fruit has no seeds.
Fruits are a source of substances that keep us alive and healthy. So people make use of fruits for many foods. We make juices from them. We make jams and sweets. 30 Beer comes from grains and wine comes from grapes, and some particular wines are made from apples, peaches, or other fruits.
A. Dry fruits are thin and hard.
B. We even make alcohol from fruit.
C. But fruit has a purpose quite apart from our needs.
D. So these plants produce fleshy fruits.
E. Then the seeds grow into new plants.
F. But the plants grown from these seeds are seedless.
第五部分：填词补文（第31~40题，每题分，共15分）
下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请
根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并将所选答案的代码（指A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H、I、J、K或L）填在答题纸的相应位置上。
Mental Activities Help Save Memory
Doing mental activities is helpful. Reading books and writing at any age may save memory, a new 31 finds.
The study was conducted by some American neurologists (神经病学家). It 32 294 people. They were given 33 on memory and thinking. They had the tests once a year for six years. They were also asked to talk about their mental activities during childhood, in their youth, during middle age and at their 34 age.
Some of those people did mental activities both 35 and late in life. They had a slower 36 of decline in memory than the others. The others 37 did such activities. Their rate of decline in memory was 48% 38 .
“Mental activities like reading and writing are great. They
39 bring benefits. We shouldn’t 40 their effects on our children, ourselves and our parents," said Robert Wilson, lead author of the study.
第六部分：完形补文（第41~50题，每题分，共15分）
下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内
容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题纸相应的位置上。
Labor Market Decline
The decline of the labor market is easy to misinterpret (interpret). There are many reasons for that. During the 1970s, large numbers of women and young adults 41 (bear) during the baby boom entered into the work force. That 42 ( result) in too many workers for the jobs available and depressed wages. The decline also has something to do with the explosive 43 ( grow) in world trade since 1960. As 44 .( manufacture) technologies have become more mobile, production jobs have 45 (move) from the U. S. to countries where wages are low. In 46 (add), technology itself has helped to cause the shifts in the job market. For example, 47 (few) American workers are needed to make steel today than in the past, because new 48 ( machine) have made many of their tasks 49 (necessary). Finally, the high rate of 50 (employment) caused by these factors has tended to drive wages down further.
笫七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分）
请根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇100词左右的英语短文。并将短文写在答题纸相应的位置上。
51.
2014年10月全国高等教育自学考试试题
英语（二）答案及解析
（课程代码00015）
第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）
1.[解析] 题干大意：医生向出租车司机大声叫喊要乘车。题目的关键词
是“shouted at”，对应原文第一段第三句：While passing New York Hospital，I found a man runnng down the hospital steps，waving at me.原文是说医生在向出租车司机挥手，并没有大声叫喊。题目的意思与原文的意
思不符，故选B。
2．[解析] 题干大意：医生想乘出租车去地铁站。题目的关键词是“railway station”，对应原文第二段第三句：“The Airport，please，”
he said.原文是说医生要去机场，而不是去地铁站。题目的意思与原文的意思
不符，故选B。
3．[解析] 题干大意：出租车司机喜欢和他的乘客聊天。题目的关键词是“liked talking”，对应原文第六段第一句：Many times during long rides, I’d developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them。原文是说很多时候，在长途乘车中，出租车司
机和乘客建立了良好的关系，还从乘客那里得到好的建议。说明了出租车司机
喜欢和乘客聊天，与题目的意思一致，故选A。
4．[解析] 题干大意：出租车司机有两个小孩。题目的关键词是“two children”，对应原文第七段第三句：“I have a son，15，a good kid.”原文是说出租车司机有一个15岁的儿子。题目所说的内容在原文中并没有出现，故选C。
5．[解析] 题干大意：出租车司机和Plum医生成为了朋友。题目的关键
词是“friend”，对应原文第九段第二句：It was the last time I ever saw him．原文是说那次乘车之后，出租车司机再也没有见过这个医生。说明了他们没有成为朋友。题目的意思与原文的意思不符，故选B。
6．[解析] 题干大意：医生为Robbie写了一封推荐信。题目的关键词是“recommendation letter”，对应原文第十段最后两句话：Two weeks later，when I amved home from work，Robbie handed me a letter．He was informed to call Dr. Plum for an interview.原文是说两周后，我下班回来，Robbie给我一封信，信上说让Robbie打电话给Plum医生并约定面试时
间。文中并没有说是Plum医生为Robbie写了一封推荐信，也许是别人替Plum
医生写的，故选C。
7．[解析] 题干大意：Robbie参加了夏日研究项目。题目的关键词是“joined in”，对应原文第十一段第一句：Robbie got the job.原文是说Robbie得到了这份工作。the job指代前面的summer research project，故
选A。
8．[解析]题干大意：Robbie逐渐对医学感兴趣。题目的关键词是“got interested in”，对应原文第十一段最后一句：Then，he worked at the
hospital---developed a love of medical profession.原文是说Robbie对医学专业产生了兴趣。题目是原文的同义表述，故选A。
9．[解析] 题干大意：Robbie最后成为纽约市医院的一名医生。题目的
关键词是“New York Hospital”，对应原文最后一段最后一句：Robbie became a doctor at Columbia Medical. Center.原文是说Robbie成为哥伦比亚医疗中心的一名医生。题目的意思与原文的意思不符，故选B。
10.[解析]题干大意：大的机遇可能会出现在普通的交谈中。题目的关键词是“big opportunities”和“ordinary meetings”，对应整篇文章的题目：The Stranger Who Changed My Life题目的意思与原文意思相符，故选A。
第二部分：阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）
11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A
11.[解析] 推理判断题。根据文章第二段可知，作者担心她儿子的体重，但是她的朋友告诉她，没有一个小孩因为妈妈说他胖而去减肥的。也就是说作者的朋友建议作者不要和她的儿子谈论体重问题。故选D。
12.[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第三段第三句话“She found that
kids whose parents discussed eating in a healthy way were less likely to have eating problems．”可知，小孩的父母谈论健康饮食，小孩有饮食问题的可能性就很小。故选A。
13.[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第三段第四、五句可知，关注小孩体重的父母会导致小孩出现不健康的饮食行为，如极度节食，甚至不吃任何东西。故选C。
14.[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第三段倒数第一、二句可知，如果父亲关注女儿的兴趣爱好，就会帮助她们感受到被爱，对体重问题也会感到足够自信。故选B。
15．[解析] 事实细节题。根据文章第四段可知，父母不要讨论孩子多
重，而是要和他们讨论健康饮食，不要拿他们和其他人对比，而是要共同承担责任帮助孩子健康饮食。故选A。
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16～25题，每题1分，共10分）Task 1
16． 19．B 20．F
16.[解析] 第一段倒数第二句是本段的中心句，讲的是什么是剽窃。选项C与本段对应。
17．[解析] 第二段第四句是本段的中心句，讲的是有时候剽窃是偶然剽窃，并在下文讲述了什么是偶然剽窃。选项D与本段对应。
18．[解析] 第三段第一句是本段的中心句，讲的是虽然剽窃可能是偶然剽窃，但是有时候是故意剽窃，并在下文叙述了什么是故意剽窃。选项A与本段对应。
19.[解析] 第四段第一句是本段的中心句，讲的是许多学校对剽窃惩罚非常严厉，并在下文举出了例子。选项B与本段对应。
20．[解析] 第五段第一句是本段的中心句，讲的是为了安全起见，在引用别人的言语时，要标明出处，并在文叙述如何写参考资料，避免剽窃。选项F与本段对应。
Task 2
21．D 22． 24．A 25．C
21.[解析]题干的中心词是“commit plagiarism”。第一段讲述的是引用别人的言语或想法，假装是自己的，就犯了剽窃罪。本题是说“将别人的想法作为自己的就犯了剽窃罪”。选项D符合题意。
22．[解析] 题干的中心词是“hard”。第二段第三句讲述的是区别是不是剽窃并不容易。“what is plagiarism and what is not”和“you plagiarism or not”是对应的。选项F符合题意。
23.[解析]题干的中心词是“copying whole paragraph”。第三段第三句讲述的是从不同的地方复制整段话，你就不需要花费时间思考。本题是说“复制整段话会节省很多时间”。选项E符合题意。
24.[解析]题干的中心词是“caught”。第四段第二句讲述的是如果被抓住剽窃，你就会被推迟毕业或出现更糟的情况。本题是说“一旦被抓住剽窃，你就会受到惩罚”。选项A符合题意。
25.[解析] 题干的中心词是“publish something great”。第五段最后一句讲述的是如果你写了一些好文章，也许某一天就有人把你的文章引用到一篇报告里。本题是说“如果你发表了一篇好的文章，人们就会把你的文章引用到他们的报告里”。选项C符合题意。
第四部分：填句补文（第26～30题，每题2分，共10分）
26．C 27．E 28．A 29．F 30．B
26．[解析] 空格后的两句话意思为“果实是开花植物的一部分，也承载着种子。果实的目的是保护植物的种子并帮助传播种子”，与这两句话的意思紧密衔接的就是选项C，意思是“果实有一个目的不同于我们的需要”。故选C。
27．[解析] 空格前的一句话意思为“动物吃完果实留下种子”，与这句话的意思紧密衔接的就是选项E，意思是“然后种子长成新的植物”。故选E。
28.[解析] 空格后的一句话意思为“像小麦、大米这样的谷物和板栗这样的坚果都是干果”，与这句话的意思紧密衔接的就是选项A，意思是“干果又小又硬”，与前面两句话形成对比。故选A。
29.[解析] 空格后的两句话意思为“这些植物能结果实，但果实没有种子，不能再长出植物”，这说明这种种子长出来的植物是无籽的。选项F是后面两句的总结，最符合题意。故选F。
30．[解析] 空格后的一句话意思为“啤酒由谷物酿造，葡萄酒由葡萄酿造，一些特别的酒由苹果、桃子或其他果实酿造”，这说明我们可以用果实酿酒。选项B是后面一句的总结，最符合题意。故选B。
第五部分：填词补文（第31~ 40题，每题分，共15分）
31.[解析] 由空前的形容词new和空后的动词finds可知，空格处需要填一个名词作主语。再由下文的the study可知，空格处需要填study。故选G。
32.[解析] 由空前的it可知，空格处需要填一个动词作谓语。根据本句句意，这里表示该项研究有294个人参与。故选I。
33.[解析] 由空前的谓语动词were given和空后的介词on可知，空格处需要填一个名词。再由下文的tests可知，空格处需要填tests。故选B。
34.[解析] 由空后的名词age可知，空格处需要填一个形容词。根据本句句意，这里表示参与研究的人员被要求去讨论他们在童年、青年、中年以及目
前年龄的智力活动。故选H。
35.[解析] 由空前后的both和and可知，空格处需要填一个形容词和后
面的late构成并列结构。根据本句句意，这里表示一些参与研究的人员做了早期和晚期的智力活动。故选A。
36．[解析] 由空前的形容词slower和空后的介词of可知，空格处需要
填一个名词。a slower rate of decline意为“较缓慢的下降率”。故选K。
37.[解析]该句结构完整，空格处需要填一个副词。根据上一句句意，这里表示其他的人员很少做这样的智力活动。故选C。
38.[解析] 由空前的系动词was可知，空格处需要填一个表语。根据本句句意，这里表示很少参与智力活动的人的记忆下降的比率比经常参加智力活动
的人的比率高48%。故选E。
39．[解析]该句结构完整，空格处需要填一个副词。根据本句句意，这里
表示智力活动真的会带来益处。故选L。
40．[解析] 由空前的shouldn't可知，空格处需要填一个动词。根据本
句句意，这里表示我们不应该忽视智力活动对我们的孩子、我们自己以及我们
的父母的影响。故选J。
第六部分：完形补文（第41~ 50题，每题分，共15分）
41. born 42. resulted 43. growth 44. manufacturing
45. moved
46. addition 47. fewer 48. machines 49. unnecessary 50. unemployment
41.[解析] 由空前的名词women and young adults可知，空格处需要填
一个动词的过去分词作后置定语修饰前面的名词。动词bear的过去分词形式为born。故答案为born。
42．[解析] 由空前的指示代词that可知，空格处需要填一个动词，作句子的谓语。该句的时态为一般过去时，动词result需加上“- ed”。故答案为resulted。
43．[解析] 由空前的形容词explosive可知，空格处需要填一个名词。
动词grow的名词形式为growth。故答案为growth。
44．[解析] 由空后的名词technologies可知，空格处需要填一个形容词，与technologies构成“制造业技术”。动词manufacture的形容词形式为manufacturing。故答案为manufacturing。
45．[解析] 由空前的助动词have可知，空格处需要填一个动词的过去分词。动词move的过去分词形式为moved。故答案为moved。
46．[解析] 由空前的介词in可知，空格处需要填一个名词。动词add的名词形式为addition。in addition为固定搭配，意为“除此之外”。故答案
为addition。
47．[解析] 由空后的than可知，空格处需要填一个形容词的比较级。
few的比较级为fewer。故答案为fewer。
48．[解析] 由空前的形容词new和空后的谓语动词have made可知，空格处需要填一个名词复数形式。名词machine的复数形式为machines。故答案为machines。
49．[解析] 由空前的名词tasks可知，空格处需要填一个形容词作后置定语修饰前面的名词。根据句意，新的机器使很多体力劳动变得没有必要。故答案为unnecessar。
50．[解析] 由空前的介词of可知，空格处需要填一个名词。根据句意，这些因素导致的高失业率使工资进一步下降。故答案为unemployment。
第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分）
51．
My Hobby
Everyone has hobbies because they are very important in our life.
I also have hobbies. Now let me tell you my hobbies. Exercise is one of my hobbies. The more exercise I do, the healthier I will be. After class I usually play badminton with my friends, and after dinner, I often go out for a walk with my sister. Sometimes I play ping-pong, too. So I think I have a wonderful life. Reading is another hobby of mine. On weekends, l love reading some novels, such as Jan. e Eyre, Gone with the Wind and so on. Reading can help me learn more about the world and give me a lot of happiness. I think it is very important to have good hobbies.
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