初中英语状语从句讲解、练习与答案(教案)

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状语从句

状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。

1.时间状语从句

(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while, before,after,since, till,until,assoon as等连词来引导。例如:

It was raining hard(rainhard下大雨)when got to school yesterday.

While he wasdoinghis homework,the telephone rang.

As he walkedalong(沿着走) the lake, he sang happily.

He hadlearnedalittle Chinesebefore he came to China.

Afterhefinished middle school,he went to work in a factory.

(2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:

I’ll ring you up as soonas I getto New York.

I will tell him everything whenhe comes back.

He won’t believeit until he sees it with his owneyes.

(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如:

The young man readtillthe lightwent out(熄灭).

Let’s wait until the rain stops.

We won’tstart until Bob comes.

Don’t get off(从下来) until the busstops.

【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候,而在那个时刻之后,该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候,而讲话的人在自己心里认为,在那个时刻之后,该事情或该状况将中止(不怎么可能持续)。固定组合里frommorning ti llnight,till/until是不能替换的,】

2.条件状语从句

(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如:

Whatshallwedo if it snows tomorrow?

Don’t leave thebuilding unlessI tellyouto.

(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如:

I’ll help youwithyour Englishif amfree tomorrow.

He won’t be lateunless he is ill.

(3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如:

Hurry up, oryou’llbelate.=If youdon’t hurryup,you’llbelate.

Study hardand you willpassthe exam.=Ifyoustudyhard,you willpass the exam.

3.原因状语从句

(1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如:

He didn’t come to school because hewas ill.

Asit is raining, we shall not(不得;不应该)gothezoo.

Since you can’t answer the question,I’ll asksomeone else.

(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题,只能用because。As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如:

------Why aren’t going there?

------Because I don’twant to.

Ashe hasno car, hecan’tgetthere easily.

Since we have no money, we can’t buy it.

(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

4.结果状语从句

(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that, sothat引导。例如:

He is so poor that he can’t buyabike for hisson.(和too...to...句型的转换复习)

Sheis sucha good teacher thateverybodylikes her.

Mypencil fellunder the desk,so that I couldn’t seeit.

(2)so…th at语such...that可以互换。例如:

在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。其结构是:“...so +形容词(副词)+ that+ 从句”。例如:

He was so glad that he couldn’t say a word.

The hall is sobig that it can hold2,000people.

Mother lives sofar away that wehardlyever(几乎不,从来不) see her.

在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如: It was such a hot day thatnobody wantedto do anything.

He had suchlongarmsthat hecould almost touchthe ceiling.(天花板)

He made such rapid progress that he did very well inthe mid-term.

有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如:

Itwas such a wonderful filmthatall of us wantedto see itagain.

=The film was so wonderful that allof us wanted to see it again.

It is such an importantmatch thatnobody wants to miss it.

=The match is so important that nobodywants tomissit.

(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such。例如:

Soonthere wereso manydeerthat theyate upall thewild roses.

He has solittletime that he can’t go tothe cinema(去看电影) with you.

5. 比较状语从句

比较状语从句通常由as…as, 比较级+ than…等连词引导。例如:

Tomruns faster thanJohn does.

This classroom is as big asthat one(is).

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