2009考研英语二真题及答案解析

【篇一：2009考研英语(二)真题及答案解析】

ass=txt>directions：for each numbered blank in the following passage，there are four choices marked a, b, c and d. choose the best one and mark your answer on the answer sheet with a pencil.

in1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. by 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. the reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and india to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including iraq and nigerias delta region. triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including china and india, home to a third of the worlds population 27 rising economic and social costs.managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .

in many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. and oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.

countries like russia, venezuela and iran are well supplied with rising oil 33 , a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. but some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. consider germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming russia and the middle east. german exports to russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.

in the united states, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with senators mccain and obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. and driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.

21. a. come b. gone c. crossed d. arrived

22. a. covered b. discovered c. arranged d. ranged

23. a. intensity b. infinity c. insecurity d. instability

24. a. drawn b. redrawn c. retained d. reviewed

25. a. fighting b. struggling c. challenging d. threatening

26. a. and b. while c. thus d. though

27. a. confine b. conflict c. conform d. confront

28. a. problem b. question c. matter d. event

29. a. look for b. lock up c. send out d. keep off

30. a. no matter b. what if c. only if d. in spite of

31. a. abolishing b. depriving c. destroying d. eliminating

32. a. what b. that c. which d. whom

33. a. interests b. taxes c. incomes d. revenues

34. a. as many as b. as good as c. as far as d. as well as

35. a. although b. because c. since d. as

36. a. advanced b. grew c. reduces d. multiplied

37. a. even b. still c. rather d. fairly

38. a. asking b. requesting c. calling d. demanding

39. a. change b. turn c. shift d. transform

40. a. for b. from c. across d. over

part iii reading comprehension (40%)

direction: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a, b, c, and d. you should decide on the best choice. then blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a pencil.

passage1.

heic ibsen ,author of the playa dolls house, in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. from january ist ,2008, all public companies in norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.but about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the governments liking. they will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of february to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.

before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in norway were female , according to the centre for corporate

diversity .the number has since jumped to 36%. that is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across europe or americas 15% for the fortune 500.norways stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen. i am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle, says sverre munck , head of international operations at a media firm. board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,be says. several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.

companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. many complain that it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in norwegian business circles as the golden skirts. one reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. it has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. recent history in norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. women feel more compelled than men to do their homework, says ms reksten skaugen , who was voted norways chairman of the year for 2007, and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers.

41. the author mentions ibsens play in the first paragraph in order to .

a. depict womens dilemma at work

b. explain the newly passed law

c. support norwegian government

d. introduce the topic under discussion

42. a public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .

a. pay a heavy fine

b. close down its business

c. change to a private business

d. sign a document promising to act

43. to which of the following is sverre munck most likely to agree?a. a set ratio of women in a board is ueasonable.

b. a reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.

c. a common principle should be followed by all companies.

d. an inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.

44.the author attributes the phenomenon of golden skirts to .

a. the small number of qualified females in management

b. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies

c. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions

d. the discrimination toward women in norwegian business circles

45. the main idea of the passage might be .

a. female power and liberation in norway

b. the significance of heic ibsens play

c. womens status in norwegian firms

d. the constitution of board members in norway

凯程教育：

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生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还

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【篇二：2009年考研英语真题及解析】

t>2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

英语试题

section iuse of english

directions:

read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on answer sheet 1. (10 points)

research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.the fruit-fly experiments described in carl zimmer in the science times. fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly to live shorter lives. this suggests thatin not being too bright.

intelligence, it __5 , is a high-priced option. it takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow the starting line because it depends on learning — _ process — instead of instinct. plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they‘ve apparently learned is when to __8 . intelligence?

that‘s the question behind this new research. instead of casting a wistful glance __10 at all the species we‘ve left in the dust i.q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real of our own intelligence might be. this is the mind of every animal we‘ve ever met.

research on animal intelligence also makes us wonder what experiments animals would humans if they had the chance. every cat with an owner, is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning. we believe that __15animals ran the labs, they would test us to __16the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for locations. there is. __18 , they would hope to study a(n) 19question: are humans actually aware of the the results are inconclusive.

1. [a] suppose [b] consider [c] observe [d] imagine

2. [a] tended[b] feared [c] happened [d] threatened

3. [a] thinner[b] stabler [c] lighter [d] dimmer

4. [a] tendency [b] advantage [c] inclination[d] priority

5. [a] insists on [b] sums up[c] turns out [d] puts forward

6. [a] off[b] behind [c] over [d] along

7. [a] incredible[b] spontaneous [c]inevitable [d] gradual

8. [a] fight [b] doubt[c] stop [d] think

9. [a] invisible [b] limited [c] indefinite[d] different

10. [a] upward[b] forward [c] afterward [d] backward

11. [a] features[b] influences c] results [d] costs

12. [a] outside[b] on[c] by[d] across

13. [a] deliver[b] carry [c] perform [d] apply

14. [a] by chance[b] in contrast [c] as usual [d] for instance

15. [a] if [b] unless [c] as [d] lest

16. [a] moderate [b] overcome [c] determine [d] reach

17. [a] at [b] for[c] after[d] with

18. [a] above all [b] after all [c] however [d] otherwise

19. [a] fundamental [b] comprehensive[c] equivalent [d] hostile

20. [a] by accident [b] in time[c] so far [d] better still

section ii reading comprehension

part a

directions:

read the following four texts. answer the questions below

each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on answer sheet 1. (40 points)

text 1

habits are a funny thing. we reach for them mindlessly,

setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious co mfort of familiar routine. ―not choice, but

habit rules the ueflecting herd,‖ william wordsworth said in the 19th century. in the ever-changing 21st century, even the

word ―habit‖ carries a negative implication.

so it seems paradoxical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. but brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.

rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures

of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. in fact, the more new things we try –

the more we step outside our comfort zone – the more inherently creative we become, both in the workplace and in our own personal lives.

but don‘t bother trying to kill off old habits; once thosebrain, they‘re there to stay. instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.

―the first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,‖ says dawna markova, author of the open mind. ―but we are taught instead to ?decide,‘ just as our president calls himself ?the decider.‘ ‖ she adds, however, that ―t o decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. a good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.‖

all of us work through problems in ways of which we‘re unaware, she says. researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. at the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.

the current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. ―this breaks the major rule in the american belief system — that anyone can do anything,‖ explains m. j. ryan, author of the 2006 book this year i will... and ms. markova‘s business partner. ―that‘s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. knowing what you‘re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.‖ this is wh ere developing new habits comes in.

21. in wordsworth‘s view, ―habits‖ is characterized by being

[a] casual.[b] familiar. [c] mechanical. [d] changeable.

22. brain researchers have discovered that the formation of habits can be

[a] predicted.[b] regulated. [c] traced.[d] guided.

23. the word ―ruts‖ (line 1, paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to

[a] tracks.[b] series. [c] characteristics. [d] connections.

24. dawna markova would most probably agree that

[a] ideas are born of a relaxing mind.

[b] innovativeness could be taught.

[c] decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas.

[d] curiosity activates creative minds.

25. ryan‘s comments suggest that the practice of standardized testing

[a] prevents new habits from being formed.

[b] no longer emphasizes commonness.

[c] maintains the inherent american thinking model.

[d] complies with the american belief system.

text 2

it is a wise father that knows his own child, but today a man can boost his paternal (fatherly) wisdom – or at least confirm th at he‘s the kid‘s dad. all he needs to do is shell out $30 for paternity testing kit (ptk) at his local drugstore – and another $120 to get the results.

more than 60,000 people have purchased the ptks since they first become available without prescriptions last year, according to doug fogg, chief operating officer of identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits. more than two dozen companies sell dna tests directly to the public, ranging in price from a few hundred dollars to more than $2500.

among the most popular: paternity and kinship testing, which adopted children can use to find their biological relatives and families can use to track down kids put up for adoption. dna testing is also the latest rage among passionate genealogists --- and support s businesses that offer to search for a family‘s geographic roots .

most tests require collecting cells by swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company for testing. all tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare dna.

but some observers are skeptical, ―there is a kind of false precision being hawked by people claiming they are doing ancestry testing,‖ says troy duster, a new york university sociologist. he notes that each individual has many ancestors --- numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back. yet most ancestry testing only considers a single lineage, either the y chromosome inherited through men in a father‘s line or mitochondrial dna, which is passed down only from

mothers. this dna can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.

critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as the reference collections to which a sample is compared. databases used by some companies don‘t rely on

data collected systematically but rather lump together information from different research projects. this means that a dna database may differ depending on the company that processes the results. in addition, the computer programs a company uses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peer review or outside evaluation.

26. in paragraphs 1 and 2, the text shows ptk‘s

[a] easy availability.

[b] flexibility in pricing.

[c] successful promotion.

[d] popularity with households.

27. ptk is used to

[a] locate one‘s birth place.

[b] promote genetic research.

[c] identify parent-child kinship.

[d] choose children for adoption.

28. skeptical observers believe that ancestry testing fails to

[a] trace distant ancestors. [b] rebuild reliable bloodlines. [c] fully use genetic information. [d] achieve the claimed accuracy.

29. in the last paragraph, a problem commercial genetic testing faces is

[a] disorganized data collection.

[b] overlapping database building.

[c] excessive sample comparison.

[d] lack of patent evaluation.

30. an appropriate title for the text is most likely to be

[a] fors and againsts of dna testing.

[b] dna testing and its problems.

[c] dna testing outside the lab.

[d] lies behind dna testing.

text 3

the relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. we are fortunate that it is, because

building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to

improve economic performance would require two or three generations. the findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.

ironically, the first evidence for this idea appeared in the united states. not long ago, with the country entering a recession and japan at its pre-bubble peak, the u.s. workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor u.s. economic performance. japan was, and remains, the global leader in automotive-assembly productivity. yet the research revealed that the u.s. factories of honda, nissan, and toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their japanese counterparts as a result of the training that u.s. workers received on the job.

more recently, while examining housing construction, the researchers discovered that illiterate, non-english-speaking mexican workers in houston, texas, consistently met best-practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry‘s work.what is the real relationship between education and economic development? we have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don‘t force it. after all, t hat‘s how education got started. when our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn‘t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.

as education improved, humanity‘s productivity potential increased as well. when the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. this increasingly high level of

education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. a lack of formal education, however, doesn‘t

constrain the ability of the developing world‘s workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future. on the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn‘t developing more quickly there than it is.

31. the author holds in paragraph 1 that the importance of education in poor countries

[a] is subject to groundless doubts.

[b] has fallen victim of bias.

[c] is conventionally downgraded.

[d] has been overestimated.

32. it is stated in paragraph 1 that the construction of a new education system

[a] challenges economists and politicians.

[b] takes efforts of generations.

[c] demands priority from the government.

[d] requires sufficient labor force.

33.a major difference between the japanese and u.s workforces is that

[a] the japanese workforce is better disciplined.

[b] the japanese workforce is more productive.

[c] the u.s workforce has a better education.

【篇三：2009~2014年考研英语二,真题及答案解析】 mba, mpa, mpacc 专业硕士统一考试

2009年考研英语二真题及答案解析

section ii close(10%)

directions: for each numbered blank in the following

passage ,there are four choices marked a, b, c, and d. choose thebest one and mark your answer on answer sheet 1 with a pencil. (10 points)

in1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. by 2008, it had(21)the $100 a barrel mark. the reasons for the surge (22) from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and india to widespread

(23) in oil-producing regions, including iraq and nigerias delta region. triple-digit oil prices have(24)the economic and political map of the world,(25) some old notions of power. oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and

opportunities,(26)major importers—including chinaand india, home to a third of the worlds population-- (27) rising

economic and social costs.managing this new order is fast becoming a central(28)of global politics. countries that need oil are clawing at each other to (29) scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, (30) how unpleasant, to do it .

in many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption,(31) these countries of their best hope for development. and oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments,(32)some in the west see as a new threat.

countries like russia, venezuela and iran are well supplied with rising oil 33, a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. but some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, (34) costs, from higher prices. consider germany. (35) it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming russia and the middle east. german exports to russia(36)128 percent from 2001 to 2006.

in the united states, as already high gas prices rose (37) higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with senators mccain and obama (38) for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. and driving habits began to (39),as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems (40) the country reported a sharp increase in riders.

21. a. comeb. gone c. crossed d. arrived

22. a. covered b. discovered c. arranged d. ranged

23. a. intensityb. infinity c. insecurity d.instability

24. a. drawn b. redrawn c. retained d. reviewed

25. a. fighting b. struggling c. challenging d. threatenin

26. a. and b. while c. thus d. though

27. a. confine b. conflict c. conform d. confront

28. a. problem b. question c. matterd. event

29. a. look forb. lock up c. send out d. keep off

30. a. no matter b. what if c. only if d. in spite of

31. a. abolishing b. deprivingc. destroying d. eliminating

32. a. whatb. that c. which d. whom

33. a. interestsb. taxes c. incomes d. revenues

34. a. as many as b. as good as c. as far asd. as well as

35. a. although b. because c. since d. as

36. a. advanced b. grew c. reduces d. multiplie

37. a. evenb. still c. ratherd. fairly

38. a. asking b. requesting c. calling d. demanding

39. a. change b. turn c. shift d. transform

40.a. for b. from c. acrossd. over

part iii reading comprehension (40%)

passage1.

heic ibsen ,author of the playa dolls house, in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons .her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. from january ist ,2008, all public companies in norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.but about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the governments liking. they will shortly receive a letterinforming them that they have until the end of february to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.

before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in norway were female , according to the

centre for corporate diversity .the number has since jumped to 36%. that is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across europe or americas 15% for the fortune 500.norways stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen. i am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle, says sverre munck , head of international operations at a media firm. board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,be says. several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.

some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. recent history in norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. women feel more compelled than men to do their homework, says ms reksten

skaugen , who was voted norways chairman of the year for 2007, and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers.

41. the author mentions ibsens play in the first paragraph in order to?????????? .

a. depict womens dilemma at work

b. explain the newly passed law

c. support norwegian government

d. introduce the topic under discussion

42. a public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to?????????? .

a. pay a heavy fine

b. close down its business

c. change to a private business

d. sign a document promising to act

43. to which of the following is sverre munck most likely to agree?

a. a set ratio of women in a board is ueasonable.

b. a reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.

c. a common principle should be followed by all companies.

d. an inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.

44.the author attributes the phenomenon of golden skirts to??????????? .

a. the small number of qualified females in management

b. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies

c. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions

d. the discrimination toward women in norwegian business circles

45. the main idea of the passage might be???????? .

a. female power and liberation in norway

b. the significance of heic ibsens play

c. womens status in norwegian firms

d. the constitution of board members in norway

passage2

while theres never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. the average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. children with cancer often

are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.

in her new book crazy sexy cancer tips, writer kris carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as shes discovering life. ms. carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.

ms. carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. she called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a full-time healing addict. then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. the result was her own personal cancer posse: a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a mtv celebrity, to name a few. this club of? cancer babes offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things. ms. carr put her cancer experience in a recent learning channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. cancer isnt funny, but ms. carr often is. she swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( dr. fabulous and dr. guru ), and she even makes second sound fun (cancer road trips, she calls them).

she leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. i refused to let cancer ruin my party, she writes. thereare just too many cool things to do and plan and live for. ms. carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so youre not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing gloria gaynors i will survive so loud you neighbors call the police. ms. carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle, she writes.

while her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.

46. which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?

a. children.

b. people in their 20s and 30s.

c. young adults.

d. elderly peopl

47. all of the following statements are true except _______.

a. kris carr is a female writer

b. kris carr is more than 31-year-old.

c. kris carr works in a cancer center.

d. kris carr is very optimistic.

48. the phrase cancer posse (line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________

a. a cancer research organization

b. a group of people who suffer from cancer

c. people who have recovered from cancer

d. people who cope with cancer

49. kris carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________

a. she is depressed and likes swearing

b. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctor

c. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctor