英语各种时态的概念和句型结构1
英语各种时态的概念和句型结构
一、一般现在时
１、概念：表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
２、句型结构
（１）be(am,is,are)动词
陈述肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。
陈述否定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+其它。
一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+其它
【
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Who are they
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句+be(am,is,are)+not+主语（相应的代词）Tom is a doctor, isn’t he
否定陈述句，+be(am,is,are)+主语（相应的代词）
Tom isn’t a doctor , is he
（２）实义动词
陈述肯定句：其他人称：主语+v.原形+其它。
We go to the beach every Sunday.
?
第三人称单数：主语++其它。
Sally does her homework every day.
陈述否定句：其他人称：主语+don’t+v.原形+其它。
We don’t go to the beach every Sunday.
第三人称单数：主语+doesn’t+v.原形+其它。
Sally doesn’t do her homework every day.
一般疑问句：其他人称：Do+主语+v.原形+其它
Do we go to the beach every Sunday
·
第三人称单数：Does+主语+v.原形+其它
Does Sally do her homework every day
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
其他人称：Where do you go every Sunday
第三人称单数：What does Sally do every day
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+don’t/doesn’t+主语（相应的代词）其他人称：We go to the beach every Sunday, don’t we
第三人称单数：Sally does her homework every day, doesn’t she
;
其他人称：We don’t go to the beach every Sunday , do we
第三人称单数：Sally doesn’t do her homework every day , does she
二、一般过去时
１、概念：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
２、句型结构
{
（１）be(was,were)动词
陈述肯定句：主语+be(was,were)+其它。I was at home yesterday.陈述否定句：主语+be(was,were)+not+其它．
．I wasn’t at home yesterday.
一般疑问句：Be(was,were)+主语+其它
Were you at home yesterday
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
Where were you yesterday
)
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+wasn’t/weren’t+主语（相应的代词）Mary was at school yesterday , wasn’t she
否定陈述句，+was/were+主语（相应的代词）
Mary wasn’t at school yesterday , was she
（２）实义动词（实义动词的过去式没有人称和数的变化）
陈述肯定句：主语+v.过去式+其它。
They had a meeting last Monday.
陈述否定句：主语+didn’t+v.原形+其它。
\
They didn’t have a meeting last Monday.
一般疑问句：Did+主语+v.原形+其它
Did they have a meeting last Monday
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
When did they have a meeting
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+didn’t+主语（相应的代词）
They had a meeting last Monday ,didn’t they
否定陈述句，+did+主语（相应的代词）
~
They didn’ t have a meeting last Monday ,did they
[
三、现在进行时
１、概念：表示正在发生的动作，也可以用来表示按计划或安排将要进行的动作，有“意图”或“打算”等含义。
２、构成：be(am,is,are)+
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)++其它。
Mike is listening to music.
<
陈述否定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+not++其它。
Mike isn’t l istening to music.
一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语++其它
IsMikelisteningtomusic
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
Whoislisteningtomusic
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+be(am,is,are)+not+主语（相应的代词）Mikeislisteningtomusic,isn’the
<
否定陈述句，+be(am,is,are)+主语（相应的代词）
Mike isn’t listening to music ,is he
,
<
四、过去进行时
１、概念：表示在过去某一特定的时刻或某一段时间正在发生的动作。【
２、构成：be(was,were)+
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be(was,were)++其它。
They were working this time yesterday.
陈述否定句：主语+be(was,were)+not++其它。
They weren’t working this time yesterday.
一般疑问句：Be(was,were)+主语++其它
Were they working this time yesterday
—
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
What were they doing this time yesterday
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+wasn’t/weren’t+主语（相应的代词）They were working this time yesterday , weren’t they
否定陈述句，+was/were+主语（相应的代词）
They weren’t working this time yesterday ,were t hey
《
\
】
五、一般将来时
１、概念：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
２、构成：will（用于所有人称）／shall（只用于第一人称）+v.原形３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+will+v.原形+其它。
`
Tina will buy a new pen next month.
陈述否定句：主语+won’t+v.原形+其它。
Tina won’ t buy a new pen next month.
一般疑问句：Will+主语+v.原形+其它
Will Tina buy a new pen next month
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
When will Tina buy a new pen
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+won’t+主语（相应的代词）
%
Tina will buy a new pen next month ,won’t she
否定陈述句，+will+主语（相应的代词）
Tina won’t buy a new pen next month ,will she
１、概念：begoingto+v.原形表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。
２、构成：begoingto+v.原形
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+be going to+v.原形+其它。
！
Tony is going to be a doctor when he grows up.
陈述否定句：主语+be+not+goingto+v.原形+其它。
Tony isn’t going to be a doctor when he grows up.
一般疑问句：Be+主语+goingto+v.原形+其它
Is Tony going to be a doctor when he grows up
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
WhatisTonygoingtobewhenhegrowsup
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+be+not+主语（相应的代词）
]
Tonyisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup,isn’the
否定陈述句，+be+主语（相应的代词）
Tonyisn’tgoingtobeadoctorwhenhegrowsup,ishe
,
六、过去将来时
１、概念：表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句中。
２、构成：would+v.原形
３、句型结构
陈述肯定句：主语+would+v.原形+其它。
Wang Ling would visi ther uncle.
陈述否定句：主语+wouldn’t+v.原形+其它。
Wang Ling wouldn’t visit her uncle.
~
一般疑问句：Would+主语+v.原形+其它
Would Wang Ling visit he runcle
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+wouldn’t+主语（相应的代词）
Wang Ling would visit her uncle ,wouldn’t she
否定陈述句，+would+主语（相应的代词）
Wang Ling wouldn’t visit her uncle ,would she
—
《
。
七、现在完成时
１、概念：
（１）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
（２）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用。表示动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。
%
２、构成：have/has+v.过去分词
３、句型结构
I have already seen the film.
陈述否定句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+v.过去分词+其它。
I haven’t seen the film yet.
一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+v.过去分词+其它
Have you seen the film yet
、
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
Who have seen the film
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+haven’t/hasn’t+主语（相应的代词）
They have seen the film ,haven’t they
否定陈述句，+have/has+主语（相应的代词）
They haven’ t seen the film ,have they
￥
、
八、过去完成时
１、概念：表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。表示过去某一时间可用等构成的短语。
２、构成：had+v.过去分词
３、句型结构
Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock.
陈述否定句：主语+hadn’t+v.过去分词+其它。
Tim hadn’t reached the station before ten o’clock.
一般疑问句：Had+主语+v.过去分词+其它
Had Tim reached the station be fore ten o’clock
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句
When had Tim reached the station
反意疑问句：肯定陈述句，+hadn’t+主语（相应的代词）Tim had reached the station before ten o’clock,hadn’t he
否定陈述句，+had+主语（相应的代词）
Tim hadn’t reached the station before ten o’clock,had he
感叹句Ｗhat+n.+主语+谓语！
What fine weather it is today!
What an interesting story it is!
How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！
How cold it is today!
How fast they are running!
祈使句肯定句：v.原形+其它．Open the it like this.
否定句：Don’t+v.原形+其它．Don’t open the door. Don’t do it like this.